高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration练习题，共7页。

Step 1 词汇运用检测
Task 1 Cmplete the fllwing sentences with the crrect frm f the wrds and expressins in this unit accrding t the Chinese meaning.
The frmer clnial pssessins are nw independent states.
以前的许多殖民地现已成为独立的国家。
2. Spacecraft have already traveled t ther planets. 宇宙飞船已游览了别的行星。
3. The spacecraft is rbiting the mn. 宇宙飞船正绕月球飞行。
4. A spacewalk missin has been successfully cmpleted. 成功完成太空漫步。
5. China plans t bradcast the spacewalk n live televisin.
中国计划对太空漫步进行实况电视转播。
6. It's a cllectin f Chinese jade. 这是收藏的一批中国玉器。
7. These wine glasses were sld at half price because f blemishes in the jade.
这些酒杯半价出售，因为玉上有瑕疵。
8. The ship's hull scraped alng the side f the dck. 船行时船身擦着码头的边。
9. The cruise ship is strikebund in the dck. 巡洋舰因罢工而停泊在码头上。
10. He rwed up the canal lking fr a place t dck the bat.
他在运河里划船，寻找一个码头泊船。
The ferry is expected t dck at 6. 渡船预计在6点停靠码头。
A red lamp is ften a danger signal. 红灯常常是危险的信号。
I crrected my watch by the time signal. 我按报时信号校正我的表。
The plice signaled the traffic t mve frward slwly.
警察向来往车辆打信号，示意缓慢前行。
The submarine signaled fr help. 潜水艇发出求救的信号。
Task 2 单句语法填空
Secndly, space explratin has already prmted technlgical imprvements that/which benefit us all.
High-end prducts arund the wrld are made t a higher standard nw because f advanced (advance) technlgy which was first created t meet the requirements fr space explratin.
Fr example, space technlgies have helped the research and develpment (develp) f different types f new material.
They have als helped cmpanies make better heart mnitrs and ther machines that dctrs regularly (regular) use.
Tday, space technlgies are widely used in all kinds f industries, and everyday prducts such as GPS, memry fam pillws, and smartphne cameras are changing ur lives.
Finally, sending astrnauts int space has helped peple t think abut the wrlds prblems and even t find ways t slve them.
Seeing pictures f ur planet as an island in a black sea made peple realise that ur planets resurces are limited.
In rder t prvide fr such a rapidly increasing (increase) ppulatin, scientists are trying t find ther planets that culd ne day be ur new hme.
The greatest attentin at present is n Mars because it is clser t Earth. In the future, humans may live n bth planets.
In clsing, explring space prvides the wrld with many different benefits.
Therefre, it shuld cntinue s as t prvide (prvide) new and better slutins t peple’s shrt-term and lng-term prblems.
I hpe we can see eye t eye abut the ther terms f the agency then.
One thing yu can't recycle is wasted (waste) time.
14. The cntractin (cnstruct) f muscle is a reactin f the bdy.
15. Her decisin seems t shw a lack f plitical (plitics) judgement.
Task 3 选词填空完成句子。
recycle slar therwise current s as t sufficient
twel figure ut flat lack
We went t schl s as t have a meeting.
2. We shuld try t recycle all ur waste paper.
3. He is gd at his jb but he seems t lack cnfidence.
4. These plants flat n the surface f the water.
5. Seize the chance, therwise yu'll regret it.
6. The sun is the center f ur slar system.
7. Hw lng will she keep her current jb?
8. I can't figure ut why he is absent.
9. The mney I have saved is sufficient fr buying a car.
10. I dry my hands and face with the twel.
Task 4 Translatin. The wrds and expressins in the brackets may help yu.
他在那次比赛中拉伤了肌肉。(strain; muscle)
He strained his muscle in the match.
2. 没有足够的水使船漂浮起来。(flat)
There is nt enugh water t flat the ship.
3. 通货膨胀率已经超过了8%。(inflatin; beynd)
The level f inflatin has gne beynd 8%.
4. 这种深奥的哲理我可无法理解。(philsphical subtlety; beynd ne’s reach)
Such philsphical subtleties are beynd my reach.
5. 太阳系是四十五亿年前形成的。(slar system)
The slar system was frmed 4.5 billin years ag.
6. 我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。(figure ut)
I can't figure ut why he quit his jb.
7. 目前的趋势是穿着比较随便。(current; infrmal)
The current trend is twards infrmal clthing.
我怀疑他们是否真有足够的人力。(sufficient; manpwer)
I dubt whether they really have sufficient manpwer.
9. 肥皂从我手上滑落了。(sap; slip)
The sap slipped ut f my hand.
10. 这种植物能在地球上许多地方生长。(glbe)
This plant can grw in many parts f the glbe.
Step 2 语篇提升训练
A
The year was 1999. I was 18，living with friends in a twn abut an hur nrth f Milwaukee. Desperate fr adventure，we ften talked abut haunted (闹鬼的) lcatins，and even wandered arund the wds near Rienzi Cemetery. S when a friend shared a stry abut an abandned huse just dwn the rad frm Rienzi，hw culd I pssibly resist? The grup f us jumped in the car and headed ff int the wild unknwn，cmpletely unaware f the misfrtune that wuld sn befall us.
The huse was islated，vergrwn and barely visible frm the rad. Mst f its windws were brken. It seemed cmpletely neglected except the lcked dr and a “NO ENTRY” sign utside. Hw wuld anyne ntice，r pssibly even care，if we went in and lked arund?
We stle inside，hping fr anything t prve the legend. Nthing valuable was fund until an ld letter，addressed t a Mr. J. Witherell，caught my eye.Its paper was stiff and yellwed. Excited by the physical evidence，I slipped the letter int my back pcket. I was abut t exit the huse when I nticed fire trucks and plice cars lining up ut n the rad. While mst f us were explring the huse，ne f us managed t knck a fire detectr ff the ceiling，which triggered an autmated alarm at the fire department.I quickly alerted the thers，but there wuld be n escape.
After a mment f panic，we decided t g utside and face the music.T avid a theft charge，I left the letter where it was befre stepping utside.
The result? Nt nly did we all get fined fr entering，we were required t pay fr prperty damage ttaling $ 1,500 each—t much fr us t affrd.
Fr s many years，I have been wndering：Why is the deserted huse s heavily prtected with detectrs and ther security measures? Why is the prperty regularly maintained? What's the stry behind that mysterius letter?
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和几个伙伴去一间废弃房屋探险的故事。他们其中一个人把一个火灾探测器从天花板上碰了下来，触发了自动消防警报引来警察和消防员，最后大家都受到了惩罚。
1．What did the shabby appearance f the huse seem t remind the kids?
A．They wuld have n truble entering it.
B．Their entry wuld bring them a surprise.
C．Their entry wuld disturb the neighbrs.
D．Their behavir wuld be nticed by its wner.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hw wuld anyne ntice，r pssibly even care，if we went in and lked arund？”可知，房屋的破烂外表让他们认为如果进去四处看看也没有谁会注意到，甚至没人会在意。故选A项。]
2．Why did the authr attempt t take the letter away?
A．It might reveal wh had been maintaining the huse.
B．It might help uncver the mystery f the abandned huse.
C．It must have been written t disclse a tragedy.
D．It was the evidence f the huse being heavily prtected.
B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We stle inside，hping fr anything t prve the legend.”和“Excited by the physical evidence，I slipped the letter int my back pcket.”可知，作者和伙伴们走进屋里，希望有东西能证明房子的秘密，直到作者发现一封信。作者认为这就是物证，因此想把它带走，希望它能够帮助揭开这所废弃房子的秘密，故选B项。B项中的uncver the mystery意为“揭露秘密”。]
3．What led the plice cars and fire trucks t arrive s quickly?
A．The plice fficers were checking there.
B．The huse wner reprted t the plice.
C．The plice cars were passing by accident.
D．Smene set ff the fire alarm system.
D [细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，他们中的一个人竟把火灾探测器从天花板上碰了下来，从而触发了自动消防警报。故选D项。]
4．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．The empty huse has been under strict prtectin.
B．The authr wnders why they gt fined.
C．N maintenance f the huse is cnducted regularly.
D．There is much mystery abut the abandned huse.
D [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，关于那座废弃的房子，依然有很多谜团，故选D项。]
B
Living with yur parents has its benefits at least when it cmes t raising yur kids—their grandkids. Tw new studies add t the evidence that grandmthers can enhance the survival f grandchildren. That is，unless the grandma's t ld r lives t far away.
Humans are unusual in that the females live lng past the age at which they stp having babies. Patrick Bergern，prfessr f bilgy at Bishp's University in Quebec，said that mst f the rganisms will reprduce up t their very last mment. This increase is ften explained by the scalled “grandmther effect”. He thinks there culd still be a benefit fr wmen wh stp having babies t increase their genetic ftprint by helping their daughters t raise larger families.
T explre the “grandmther effect”hypthesis (假设)，Bergern and his clleagues examined nearly 200 years' wrth f French­Canadian ppulatin recrds frm the 17th and 18th centuries. “ At the time，life was tugh.In sme years，a third f the kids were nt even making it t ne year f age. ”But the researchers fund that having a grandmther still alive was a definite plus. “ Families with grandmthers alive were larger by abut tw and the survival f these grandchildren t age 15 was much imprved.”
This beneficial effect was nly seen when the matriarchs (女家长) lived nearby. That rle is tugher t fulfill as they get lder in pr health，which brings us t the secnd study. The researchers fund that the benefits assciated with having a grandmther n hand depended n her age. Once the Grandma hit 75，the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almst certainly due t sme frm f indirect resurce cmpetitin，thugh，rather than wickedness (邪恶) n the part f cresident grandmthers.
S a healthy grandma helps make fr a healthy grandchild.If “ver the river and thrugh the wds t grandmther's huse” isn't t lng a trip.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，有外祖母在身边是有好处的。但其好处取决于她的年龄，一旦她到了75岁，外孙的生存优势就消失了。
5．What's the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．Differences between animals and human beings.
B．Disadvantages f living with grandmthers.
C．Grandmthers' influence n the kids.
D．What's called the “grandmther effect”．
D [考查段落大意。通读第二段可知，该段第三句“This increase is ften explained by the scalled ‘grandmther effect'”为主题句；结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了什么是“外祖母效应”，故D项正确。]
6．Hw des the writer describe the situatin f the French­Canadian ppulatin mre than three hundred years ag?
A．By vicing pinins. B．By prviding facts.
C．By giving examples. D．By telling stries.
B [考查写作手法。根据第三段内容可知，作者提供了有关十七世纪和十八世纪法裔加拿大人的人口记录的研究情况——那时的生活很艰难，在一些年份，三分之一的孩子甚至活不到一岁。但外祖母还健在的家庭其人口增加了两个，这些外孙活到15岁的概率也大大提高。据此可知，作者是通过陈述事实来描述法裔加拿大人的人口情况的，故B项正确。]
7．What can we infer frm the secnd study?
A．Sciety shuld be cncerned abut the ld wmen.
B．Grandmthers ver 75 years ld are unwilling t help.
C．Sme grandmthers may ccupy kids' relative resurces.
D．Sme grandmthers are getting wicked after they are ld.
C [考查推理判断。根据第四段最后两句“Once the Grandma hit the part f cresident grandmthers”可知，外祖母一旦到了75岁，其外孙的生存优势就消失了；几乎可以肯定的是，这是由于某种形式的间接资源竞争，而不是共同居住的外祖母的恶意。据此可以推断，年龄较大的外祖母可能占用了孩子们的相关资源，从而导致外孙的生存优势消失，故C项正确。]
8．Which f the fllwing can be the mst helpful grandmther accrding t the passage?
A．A healthy ne living nearby. B．A healthy ne living abrad.
C．An ld ne living in a nursing hme. D．A knwledgeable ne living tgether.
A [考查推理判断。根据第一段内容可知，外祖母能提高外孙的存活率，除非外祖母年纪太大或者住得太远。又结合最后一段的内容可以推断，居住在附近的健康外祖母是最有帮助的外祖母，故A项正确。]
Task 2 七选五
Making ther peple feel gd feels gd，and，best f all，it requires little mre than a generus heart. Studies shw that peple feel happier when they d smething kind fr anther persn，and bth recipients and gd deed ders can get the benefits. It is a smart idea t create this Wrld Kindness Day. 1
·Learn a friend's language.
Picking up a bit f a friend r cwrker's first language and speaking it with them shw them that yu care and take an interest in their experiences. Making smene feel included and respected will give smene a greater sense f belnging，an essential cmpnent f happiness.
· 2
Reaching ut t smene fr the first time in a lng time can be an instant remedy(治疗)fr whatever trubles yu. It's as simple as a text，a nte r a FaceTime call. Let smene knw yu're thinking f them，even after sme time apart. Studies suggest strng bnds can imprve physical health，t.
·Genuinely cmpliment(赞美)smene.
A respectful cmment that cmes frm the heart abut smene's unique hairstyle，excellent perfrmance in a cncert r their great slutin t a prblem at wrk might be all it takes t imprve smene's md. 3
·Cllect trash yu see arund yur neighbrhd.
Picking up trash and recyclables ff the street beautifies yur cmmunity and benefits the envirnment. 4 The envirnment can't clean itself after all!
·Thank peple in yur life.
They are the security guard utside f yur wrkplace，the supermarket wrker yu see every day and yur mm. 5 Thank peple fr the things，big and small，that they d that imprve yur life.Gratitude is priceless.
A．Others' psitive wrds culd help sme peple t be a bit kinder t themselves，t.
B．If yur friends are verweight，that will increase the dds that yu'll put n weight.
C．Open yur heart with sme small，free ways t make smene's day.
D．Withut their help，yur wrld might nt run as efficiently.
E．It might even inspire thers t take up the task with yu.
F．Recnnect with a friend r family member.
G．Have eye cntact with friends.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。让别人感觉良好我们自己也会感觉良好。本文介绍了让别人快乐的一些方法。
1．C [根据上文中的“peple feel happier when they d smething kind fr anther persn，and bth recipients and gd deed ders can get the benefits”和下文中讲到的具体措施可知，C项符合语境。]
2．F [本空是一个小标题。根据本段内容，尤其是“Reaching ut t smene fr the first time in a lng time”可知，本段主要讲的是与很久不见的朋友或家人重新取得联系。另外，结合其他几个并列位置的小标题可以判断，本空也应该是一个祈使句，所以选F项。]
3．A [本空是段尾句。根据小标题可知，本段主要讲了真诚地赞美别人。再结合前一句中表述可知，本句讲的也应该是与赞美他人相关的内容，故A项符合语境。]
4．E [结合空前一句和后一句“The envirnment can't clean itself after all！”可知，空处应该讲的是捡垃圾的积极影响，故E项符合语境。]
5．D [结合本段的小标题可知，本段主要讲的是我们应该感谢生活中遇到的人，又结合语境可知，空处应该讲的是身边的人对你生活的重要性，所以D项符合语境。]