人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course同步测试题

Unit4  Period 2 learning about language课时练习

姓名：___________学号：_________得分：____________限时：45分

1. 单词填空。（每个1分，共10分）

1. The study shows that the______________(工资) gap between natives and immigrants is widening.

2. As a committed member, he is l_____________(忠心的) to the Party and he will always remain so.

3. As a young man, Bill worked as a s___________（飞行员） in an airline company for 5 years.

4. They’ve paid 6 months' rent in advance for a 2-room apartment and will give it a t________ (彻底地) clean before moving in.

5. The captain together with the stewards showed great courage during this adventurous v______(航海)

6. The teacher will a_____（分配） special exercises to the students according to their academic ability.

7. Jane is well q____________________(有资质的for this teaching job.
8. I gathered from the way she replied that she wasn’t very e__________________(热情的).
9. Don’t bank on going a 　　　　 　 this summer. We may not have enough money. (出国)
10. She’s going to India on a special a 　　　　 　（任务） for her newspaper.

【答案】 1.wage    2. loyal   3.steward  4.thorough  5.voyage  6.assign

7. qualified    8. enthusiastic    9. abroad  10. assignment

2. 短语填空。（每个2分，共10分）

1. It’s a challenging job but I’m sure you’ll _________________it.

2. He didn’t___________________________ until half an hour later.

3. We have____________________________ four applicants already.

4. All the people     ___________________ were worried and they would like to know what had happened.

5. Many teenagers dream of becoming a star, but only a very small number ______________to the top in the show business.

【答案】1. be equal to  2. turn up  3. turned down  4. aboard the plane  5. make it

Ⅲ.单句语法填空.(每个1分)

1.As you can see，the children were really encouraged, and they were also enthusiastic about ________ ( read) all of these books.

2. It is no use__________( envy ) others’ success. It is time that you should work hard.

3. Some women now can use solar-powered instead of gas_________ (stove) to boil water and cook food.

4.On April 16th，2014，a South Korea ship carrying more than 450 passengers_____________ ( sink) into the sea.

5. As we all know, success requires courage, bravery and______________ ( persevere) .

6. We're going to have European style______________( cupboard ) in the bedrooms.

7.James Cook is famous for having made three great _______________( voyage ) around the world，and mapped coast and sea routes.

8. The case _________________(crush) out of shape in the mail and couldn’t be used.

9. Please take away all your ______________(belong) when you leave the room.

10. At last, the lawyer’s advice led to the ______________(resolve) of this difficult problem.

【答案】1. reading   2. envying  3. stoves  4. sank   5. perseverance   6. cupboards  7. voyages  

8.was crushed     9. belongings   10. resolution   

V.阅读理解。（每个2.5分）

A

Nao, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. When Nao is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he’s happy, he raises his arms for a hug. Nothing is out of the ordinary, except that Nao is a robot.

“We’re modeling the first years of life,” says Lola Canamero, a computer scientist at the University of Hertforshire. “The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal(言语的) expressions.”

In the future, says the scientist, robots are likely to act as companions, provide support for old people, and help people shop online. In such uses, the display of feeling will be important in making the interactions(交往) more natural and comfortable.

Nao has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-year-old child. It can memorize faces, and knows the basic rules of good and bad. Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on. The actions going with each feeling are pre-programmed, but Nao decides for itself when to display them.

Nao is also programmed to have different personalities. A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room, while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful.

Canamero’s team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications. Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in hospitals to support the roles of doctors, nurses and parents. Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. “We want to explore different roles—the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and explain what they have to do. We want to help the children to control their anxiety.” she says.

1. According to the text Nao_______.

A. displays different feelings in different situations

B. is able to imitate adult emotional displays

C. can remember people’s feelings

D. learns emotions from facial expressions

2. What can we learn from the text?

A. Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create Nao’s emotions.

B. The time when Nao displays feelings has been pre-programmed.

C. Emotional programming is used in medicine production.

D. Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable.

3. What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A. Courage.       B. Anxiety.    C. Anger.   D. Satisfaction.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A. The relationship between humans and robots.

B. The roles that robots play in different fields.

C. The first robot able to show feelings.

D. The long history of robots.

【答案】1. A    2. D    3 B    4. C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一个欧洲研究团队发明了一个能够通过姿势表达情感的机器人Nao，让机器人能更舒服更自然的交往，表达感情是非常重要的。Nao拥有一岁小孩表达情感的能力，同时Nao也被设置了不同的特性，一个更独立的机器人能够更好的完成各种任务。最后，Canamero的团队希望能将这种情感程序运用在医学APP上，能够帮助小孩在看医生时，缓解他们的焦虑。

1细节理解题。文中第一段第二句提到“When Nao is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he’s happy, he raises his arms for a hug.”当Nao生气时，他会低下头，当他开心时，他会伸出手要求抱抱，说明Nao能在不同的情况下表达不同的情绪。故选A。

2.细节理解题。文中第一句提到“Nao, the first robot able to show feelings” Nao是第一个能表达情感的机器人。同时，第二段最后一句“The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal(言语的) expressions.”科学家认为情感是通过姿势和手势表达的而不是语言或面部表情，说明Nao是没有语言功能的，故A项错误。第四段最后一句提到“The actions going with each feeling are pre-programmed, but Nao decides for itself when to display them.”Nao的每种情感对应的动作是预先编程好的，但什么时候显示是Nao自己决定的，而不是显示的时间也是预先编程好的，故B项错误。第六段第一句提到“Canamero’s team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications.” Canamero的团队将要在医学APP上运用情感程序，will take是一般将来时，表示将要发生还未发生的事情，故C项错误。第六段第三句提到“Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious.”如果小孩有一个小小的、可爱的又能够理解他们情感状态的机器人陪着的话，他们可能就不会那么焦虑了，D项与文章意思符合，故选D。

3.词义猜测题。A. Courage勇气，B. Anxiety焦虑；担心，C. Anger生气，D. Satisfaction满意。文中第五段提到一个独立的机器人在搜索一个空间时很少寻求帮助，是独立完成任务的。句中while“然而”是一个转折连词，连接两个句意相反的句子，由此可以判断，一个胆怯的机器人在处理一个空间内的有害东西时可能会不知所措。故选B。

4.主旨大意题。根据文章内容，仅在最后一段提到了机器人将会被运用在医学APP上来缓解小孩焦虑的情况，A项不全面，故A项错误。文章第二段提到了在未来机器人能从事的一些工作，B项较片面，故B项错误。文章中无明显的关于时间、时长方面的词汇，因此无法说明机器人的历史，故D项错误。文章第一段就提到了情感机器人Nao，且文章中的内容都是围绕情感机器人的特性，将来会运用到的场景展开的，C项正确。故选C。

B

A year back I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work had paid off. My mom had spent a lot in my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself： I volunteered, got involved in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new chapter(篇章)of my life. I had totally packed two weeks before it was time to leave.

Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart. To distract myself, I threw myself into my studies and I applied for a ton of jobs. In any remaining free time, I started forcing myself to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn't think how lonely I felt.

Soon after, I began to limit food，and then I became worse. Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor weighed me, I was crazy about the number of my weight. So I continued to lower my goal, and convinced that controlling this number was the solution for my homesickness. But when I was told that I had no choice but to spend time on my studies. I quickly started recovery in my mind.

How could I do? I told myself that school was what I was best at. I decided to get rid of my homesickness and took exercise actively. My first term of college had passed by at last and I had gotten straight A's. That's why I want to share my story－to help other students feel less lonely.

5. How was the author during the two weeks before she left for the college?

A. She was as normal as before.

B. She couldn't wait to leave for the college.

C. She was afraid to leave her home.

D. She didn't enjoy her mother's company.

6. What is the author's problem at the beginning of studying in the university?

A. Her weight. B. Her bad study habit.

C. Her diet. D. Her homesickness.

7. Which can best replace the underlined phrase "distract myself" in paragraph 2?

A. achieve my dream B. improve my studies

C. take my attention away D. earn money by myself

8. What is the main purpose of the author's writing the passage?

A. To look back at her past life. B. To help girls to lose weight.

C. To increase her own confidence. D. To help lonely college students.

【答案】5. B    6. D   7. C    8. D

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者刚开始上大学的经历，从上大学的前两周非常激动迫不及待，到进入大学后最初的想家，再到后来为了转移注意力而全身心地投入到学习中，申请工作，在剩下的空闲时间里强迫自己去健身房。这篇文章的目的是为了帮助孤独的大学生。

5.细节理解题。根据第一段中I was so excited to start a new chapter of my life. I had totally packed two weeks before it was time to leave.（我很兴奋能开始我人生的新篇章。出发前两周我已经收拾好行李了。）可知去上大学前的两周，作者已经等不及要去上大学了。故选B。

6.细节理解题。根据第二段中I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.（我很想家，我不知道如何处理我破碎的心。）可知作者在大学学习之初的问题是想家。故选D。

7.词义猜测题。根据上文I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.可知作者起初很想家，因此为了转移自己的注意力，作者开始专心致志地学习，申请了一大堆工作。故划线短语意思为“转移注意力”，故选C。

8.推理判断题。根据文章最后一句That's why I want to share my story－to help other students feel less lonely.（这就是为什么我想分享我的故事——来帮助其他学生感觉不那么孤独。）可知作者写这篇文章的主要目的是帮助孤独的大学生。故选D。

V.课文语法填空

As a young man of both passion and endurance, Perce Blackhorow had long been 1___________ (dream) of decent adventure .so he didn't give up when Sir Ernest Shackleton turned down his request to join the expedition. Perce2___________ (secret ) hid himself in a cupboard, only 3___________ ( find ) three days after they set off. He felt fortunate and happy when he was assigned as a steward instead of being sent back home.

It turned 4 ___________to be a tough journey. The ship got_5_____________ ( stick ) in the ice as they approached Antarctica and they had to abandon the ship. 6the guidance of Sir Ernest, they 7_ ___________ (throw) away nearly everything except necessities and a banjo,8___________ kept their spirits up during the journey. Survival was not easy and things went from bad to worse. Finally Sir Ernest left for South Georgia Island in order to find help. The desperate situation made young Perce Blackborow feel down and become bad-tempered. It was the genuine  9___________ ( encourage) and concern from Bless Frank Wild that cheered him up. Frank and Ernest's resolve and perseverance filled him with hope. Realizing that he shouldn't become selfish just because of 10___________ adversity they were faced with，he learned to be optimistic and determined

1._______________2.__________________3.________________4.___________5_____________

6._____________7._______________8.______________9._______________10.__________

【答案】1. dreaming   2.   secretly   3. to be found   4. out   5. stuck  6. Under  7. threw

8. which  9. encouragement  10. the