2022届湖北省鄂州市高三下学期调研考试（五）英语试题含答案

这是一份2022届湖北省鄂州市高三下学期调研考试（五）英语试题含答案，共28页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，开放性作文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届湖北省鄂州市高三下学期调研考试（五） 英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
New strength-training devices fit a weight room’s worth of equipment into an area smaller than a yoga (瑜伽) mat — letting you work out anywhere. Here are four small but powerful strength-training kits.
FOR THE PEOPLE LOVING BEAUTY      $2, 999
NordicTrack’s bending surface looks like an ordinary wall mirror. But the smooth reflective casing hides training devices like an exercise carpet, yoga blocks and kettlebells. The glass itself is a futuristic touch screen that offers a library of live and on-demand classes and customized training programs. Its surface also lets you observe a trainer’s proper form and model it as you move.
www. nordictrack. com
FOR SMALL-SPACE DWELLERS      $979
MAXPRO, as a backpack — size device, is a condensed (紧缩的) version of the heavy gym machines that use weight plates attached to a cable. Switch between 50 resistance settings (from 5 to 300 pounds) with the turn of a dial. To use it, just stand or lie on the base. Grab the long bar, handles, ankle or wrist ropes to perform over 150 exercises on your own.
www. maxprofitness. com
FOR THE SMART-HOME LOVERS       $2, 500.
More space- efficient than a yoga mat, The Arena gym’s high-tech pulley (滑轮) system can generate 200 pounds of resistance. And an internal computer tracks the amount of weight, number of repetitions and speed at which you lift to adjust to your fitness goals.
www. goarena. com
FOR CHANGE-IT-UP LIFTERS       $2, 895
The Fitbench can turn any space into a weight room. With 14 fixing points for resistance bands and a hole for a weighted rope, the four foot wide bench maxes out its space. Hiding below the adjustable top are six sets of dumbbells, kettlebells, a weighted ball and resistance bands.
www. fitbench. com
1．Which of the following offers various training classes?
A．NordicTrack. B．MAXPRO.
C．The Arena. D．The Fitbench.
2．What do the four devices have in common?
A．They are all high-tech with touch screen.
B．They are all good for gym and yoga exercises.
C．They are all small but effective for strength training.
D．They are all available for on-demand workouts display.
3．Which section does the text probably appear in a newspaper?
A．Health. B．Advertisement.
C．Entertainment. D．Science.
【答案】1．A
2．C
3．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要推荐了四种小但是功能强大的力量训练包。
1．
细节理解题。根据第二段“MAXPRO”中的“The glass itself is a futuristic touch screen that offers a library of live and on-demand classes and customized training programs.(玻璃本身是一个未来主义的触摸屏，提供了一个数据库，包括现场和按需课程以及定制的培训计划)”可知，该训练包包括各种课程。故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Here are four small but powerful strength-training kits.(这里有四个小但强大的力量训练包)”可知，这四种训练包都很小，但对力量训练很有效。故选C。
3．
推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要推荐了四种小但是功能强大的力量训练包。根据每一个训练包后面提供的价格、在介绍产品的时候使用的一些劝导性的话语以及提供的购买网页等可知，这是一则广告。故选B。
My friend Gwen posted a photo yesterday on her social page. The photo was of a Christmas tree made from carefully-placed books. It was very clever. After doing a little research, I found that making Christmas trees from a pile of books is popular right now, especially at libraries.
The Inglewood Library in Los Angeles created a tree from little used books using red books on the bottom to copy a tree skirt and green books for the tree itself. Other examples are from the Gleeson Library in San Francisco and a small bookstore window in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. One of the great things about using books to create a decorative Christmas tree is that there is no waste. After Dec 25, the books just go back on the shelf.
I couldn’t find any specific instructions online with tips for building a tree out of books, but it seemed pretty simple. So last night, my 9-year-old son and I emptied several shelves in his room and built our own tree out of copies of Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Captain Underpants, Stink, Harry Potter and dozens of other books. The top book on the tree is The Best Christmas Pageant Ever.
We took an old string of lights and wrapped them around the tree and a spare star tree topper that we had and lit the tree of books up. He was thrilled to have his own Christmas tree in his bedroom.
We didn’t worry about making the tree perfectly symmetrical (对称的), but with a little more time and patience we could have made a tree that was taller and a little neater. That wouldn’t have been nearly as much fun for us, though. I could see the tree through the crack in his door last night as he was sleeping, and it made me smile every time I walked past his bedroom.
4．What inspired the author to build a tree out of books?
A．A photo posted on the Internet.
B．A Christmas tree at a friend's home
C．A Christmas tree he saw in a library.
D．A friend's note about the use of books
5．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The popularity of trees made of books
B．Some libraries’ love for Christmas trees.
C．The books used to build Christmas trees.
D．The feature of Christmas trees in libraries.
6．How did the author manage to build a tree out of books?
A．By using books borrowed.
B．By asking his friends for help.
C．By searching online for useful tips.
D．By making preparations with his son.
7．What did the author feel satisfied with?
A．The appearance of the tree.
B．The fruit of their joint efforts.
C．The process of building the tree.
D．His son’s academic performance.
【答案】4．A
5．A
6．D
7．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者受到一张用书做成的圣诞树的照片的鼓舞，和儿子一起用旧的书做了一棵树，并且对他和儿子一起努力的成果感到非常满意。
4．
推理判断题。根据第一段“My friend Gwen posted a photo yesterday on her social page. The photo was of a Christmas tree made from carefully-placed books. It was very clever. After doing a little research, I found that making Christmas trees from a pile of books is popular right now, especially at libraries.(我的朋友格温昨天在她的社交主页上发了一张照片。这张照片是一棵圣诞树，是用精心摆放的书做成的。它非常聪明。在做了一些研究之后，我发现用一堆书做圣诞树现在很流行，尤其是在图书馆)”及下文作者和儿子一起用书做树可知，网上发布的一张照片激发了作者用书做一棵树的灵感。故选A。
5．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Inglewood Library in Los Angeles created a tree from little used books using red books on the bottom to copy a tree skirt and green books for the tree itself. Other examples are from the Gleeson Library in San Francisco and a small bookstore window in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. One of the great things about using books to create a decorative Christmas tree is that there is no waste. After Dec 25, the books just go back on the shelf. (洛杉矶的英格尔伍德图书馆用很少的二手书制作了一棵树，底部用红书模仿树裙，绿色的书作为树本身。其他例子还有旧金山的格里森图书馆和宾夕法尼亚州伯利恒的一个小书店橱窗。用书来装饰圣诞树的好处之一就是没有浪费。12月25日之后，这些书又回到了书架上)”可知，本段主要通过几个例子说明了书做的树很流行。故选A。
6．
细节理解题。根据第三段“I couldn’t find any specific instructions online with tips for building a tree out of books, but it seemed pretty simple. So last night, my 9-year-old son and I emptied several shelves in his room and built our own tree out of copies of Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Captain Underpants, Stink, Harry Potter and dozens of other books. The top book on the tree is The Best Christmas Pageant Ever. (我在网上找不到任何关于用书本做一棵树的具体指导，但它似乎很简单。所以昨天晚上，我和我9岁的儿子清空了他房间里的几个书架，用《小屁孩日记》、《内裤队长》、《臭气熏天》、《哈利波特》和其他几十本书的副本做了一棵我们自己的树。圣诞树上最上面的一本书是《史上最棒的圣诞盛会》)”和第四段“We took an old string of lights and wrapped them around the tree and a spare star tree topper that we had and lit the tree of books up. He was thrilled to have his own Christmas tree in his bedroom.(我们拿了一串旧的灯，把它们缠在树上，还有一个备用的星形树冠，把这棵书树点亮了。他很高兴自己的卧室里有一棵圣诞树)”可知，作者和他的儿子一起做准备，设法用书建造了一棵树。故选D。
7．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“I could see the tree through the crack in his door last night as he was sleeping, and it made me smile every time I walked past his bedroom.(昨晚他睡觉的时候，我从门缝里看到了那棵树，每次经过他的卧室，我都忍不住笑了)”可知，作者对于他和儿子一起制作的那棵树很满意，也就是对他们努力的成果很满意。故选B。
The great Swiss psychologist Jean used to lecture around the world, explaining how children’s minds develop as they get older. Once an American asked, “But Prof. Jean, how can we get them to do faster?” Today it’s no longer just impatient Americans who assume that faster brain and cognitive (认知的) development is better. Across the globe, both parents and policy makers eagerly push preschools to be more like schools.
A wave of new research shows, however, that this picture is far too simple. In 1998 a landmark series of studies looked at the long term effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on children’s growing up. ACEs include physical or emotional overlook or abuse, being poor, losing parent, violence or mental (精神的) illness in the home. Since the original studies, there have been hundreds of similar ones done across the world. It turns out that ACEs are disastrously common.
A new paper by Dr. Mackey, published in Nature Neuroscience Reviews, also concludes that. ACEs seem to make children’s brains grow up too quickly. Dr. Mackey suggests that frequently repeated bad experiences may have the worst speeding up effect, while more varied and unusual good experiences may be particularly likely to keep the brain open to learning.
Why would stress and disasters make us grow up faster and a rich, varied, nursing environment make us grow up more slowly? One influential recent idea takes off from the biological concept of “life history”. An animal’s life history includes how long it lives, how much it invests in its young and how long it takes those young to mature. A “live fast, die young” life history makes more developmental sense when resources are few and life is predictably hard.
In brief, a long, slow life history goes with a big, smart brain. All of this should be able to relieve the parents’ worries about “the American question”. Loving your children and giving them space to learn and explore is more important than designing a particular curriculum (课程).
8．What can we infer from paragraph 1?
A．Americans are usually smarter than others.
B．American brain science is better developed.
C．Most people believed children should skip preschools.
D．Most people wish to develop their children’s brains faster.
9．What is Dr. Mackey’s opinion about speeding up children’s brain?
A．It leads to an early death.
B．It may cause painful problems.
C．It is beneficial to academic learning.
D．It originates from unpleasant environment.
10．What does the author finally advise parents to do?
A．Push preschools to be more like schools.
B．Put middle-high pressure on their children.
C．Give children care and freedom to learn and explore.
D．Ask teachers to design abundant curricula for children.
11．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Live Fast, Die Young
B．Faster Development, Better Future
C．An American Question, the World’s Problem
D．ACEs, Key to Children’s Brains’ Development
【答案】8．D
9．B
10．C
11．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在全球范围内，家长和政策制定者都急切地推动幼儿园更像学校，希望孩子更快地发展，但新的研究表明，这对大脑的发育而言并不是好事。
8．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Today it’s no longer just impatient Americans who assume that faster brain and cognitive (认知的) development is better. Across the globe, both parents and policy makers eagerly push preschools to be more like schools.(今天，不再只有不耐烦的美国人认为大脑和认知发展越快越好。在全球范围内，家长和政策制定者都急切地推动幼儿园更像学校)”可推断，很多家长都希望孩子大脑发育地更快。故选D。
9．
推理判断题。根据第三段“Dr. Mackey suggests that frequently repeated bad experiences may have the worst speeding up effect, while more varied and unusual good experiences may be particularly likely to keep the brain open to learning.(麦基博士认为，频繁重复的糟糕经历可能有最糟糕的加速效应，而更多样化和不寻常的好经历可能特别有可能让大脑保持学习的开放)”可推断，大脑加速发展会带来痛苦的问题。故选B。
10．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Loving your children and giving them space to learn and explore is more important than designing a particular curriculum (课程).(爱你的孩子，给他们学习和探索的空间比设计一个特定的课程更重要)”可知，作者建议父母要给孩子发展的自由。故选C。
11．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Today it’s no longer just impatient Americans who assume that faster brain and cognitive(认知的)development is better. Across the globe, both parents and policy makers eagerly push preschools to be more like schools.(今天，不再只有不耐烦的美国人认为大脑和认知发展越快越好。在全球范围内，家长和政策制定者都急切地推动幼儿园更像学校)”和最后一段“All of this should be able to relieve the parents’ worries about “the American question”.(这一切应该能够缓解家长们对“美国问题”的担忧)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了在全球范围内，家长和政策制定者都急切地推动幼儿园更像学校，希望孩子更快地发展，但新的研究表明，这对大脑的发育而言并不是好事。这虽然是美国家长提出的问题，却是全球家长关心的问题。由此可知，“An American Question, the World’s Problem(美国的问题，世界的问题)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
A major challenge for fully autonomous vehicles is navigating bad weather, snow especially. Averaging more than 200 inches of snow every winter, Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula is the perfect place to push autonomous vehicle tech to its limits. In two papers presented at SPIE Defense+Commercial Sensing 2021, researchers from Michigan Technological University discuss solutions for snowy driving scenarios that could help bring self-driving options to snowy cities like Chicago, Detroit, Minneapolis and Toronto.
Just like the weather at times, self-driving is not a sunny or snowy yes-no designation (指定). Autonomous vehicles cover a series of levels, from cars already on the market with blind spot warnings or braking assistance, to vehicles that can switch in and out of self-driving modes, to others that can navigate entirely on their own. Major automakers and research universities are still tweaking self-driving technology. Occasionally accidents occur, either due to a misjudgment by the car’s artificial intelligence(AI) or a human driver’s misuse of self-driving features.
Humans have sensors, too: our scanning eyes, our sense of balance and movement, and the processing power of our brain help us understand our environment. These seemingly basic inputs allow us to drive in virtually every scenario, even if it is new to us, because human brains are good at generalizing new experiences. In autonomous vehicles, two cameras scan and perceive depth using stereo vision to mimic human vision, while balance and motion can be gauged(计量) using a measurement unit. But computers can only react to situations they have encountered before or been programmed to recognize.
Since artificial brains aren’t around yet, task-specific artificial intelligence(AI) algorithms(计算) must take the wheel. Fisheye cameras widen the view while other cameras act much like the human eye. Infrared(红外线) picks up heat signatures. Radar can see through the fog and rain.
“All snow is not created equal,” Bos said, pointing out that the variety of snow makes sensor detection a challenge. “AI is like a chef — if you have good ingredients, there will be an excellent meal,” he said.
12．In what aspect is self-driving similar to the weather?
A．Both need assistance.
B．Both give warnings.
C．Both extend their limits.
D．Both have different levels.
13．What might a computer fail to do?
A．Generalize new experiences.
B．Scan the unfamiliar environment.
C．Help vehicles achieve balance.
D．React to situations from memory.
14．What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on?
A．Artificial brains.
B．Fisheye cameras in cars.
C．Applications of Al.
D．The power of Radar.
15．What does Bos want to convey in the last paragraph?
A．Bad weather discourages applications of Al.
B．AI has great potential to improve self-driving.
C．AI can help chefs to make wonderful meals.
D．Bad weather poses a challenge to sensor detection.
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．C
15．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了自动驾驶汽车在雪天行驶困难，可以将人工智能应用到自动驾驶中；同时对比了在驾驶汽车的过程中，人工智能和人的区别。
12．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Just like the weather at times, self-driving is not a sunny or snowy yes-no designation. Autonomous vehicles cover a series of levels, from cars already on the market with blind spot warnings or braking assistance, to vehicles that can switch in and out of self-driving modes, to others that can navigate entirely on their own. (就像有时的天气一样，自动驾驶不是一个晴天或雪天的“是或否”的概念。自动驾驶汽车涵盖了一系列级别，从已经上市的带有盲点警告或制动辅助的汽车，到可以切换到自动驾驶模式的汽车，再到其他可以完全自主导航的汽车。)”可知，自动驾驶和天气一样，都有不同的分级。故选D项。
13．
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These seemingly basic inputs allow us to drive in virtually every scenario, even if it is new to us, because human brains are good at generalizing new experiences. In autonomous vehicles, two cameras scan and perceive depth using stereo vision to mimic human vision, while balance and motion can be gauged using a measurement unit. But computers can only react to situations they have encountered before or been programmed to recognize. (这些看似基本的输入让我们能够在几乎所有情况下驾驶，即使这些情况对我们来说是新的，因为人类大脑擅长概括新体验。在自动驾驶汽车中，两个摄像头使用立体视觉来扫描和感知深度以模仿人类视觉，使用测量单元来保持平衡和运动。 但是计算机只能对它们以前遇到过的情况或被编程识别的情况作出反应。)”可知，人类有很强的概括总结能力，但计算机只能对它之前遇到过的情况做出反映。由此可知，电脑不能对新的经历进行总结，故选A项。
14．
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Since artificial brains aren't around yet, task-specific artificial intelligence(AI) algorithms must take the wheel. Fisheye cameras widen the view while other cameras act much like the human eye. Infrared picks up heat signatures. Radar can see through the fog and rain. (由于人工大脑还没有出现，特定任务的人工智能算法必须发挥作用。鱼眼相机扩大了视野，而其他相机的作用很像人眼。红外线接收热信号。雷达可以透过雾和雨观察。)”可知，本段主要讲了一些人工智能的应用，例如鱼眼相机，红外线，以及雷达。故选C项。
15．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“All snow is not created equal,” Bos said, pointing out that the variety of snow makes sensor detection a challenge. “AI is like a chef — if you have good ingredients, there will be an excellent meal,” he said. (“所有的雪都不是生来平等的，”Bos 说，并指出雪的多样性使传感器检测成为一项挑战。“人工智能就像一个厨师——如果你有好的食材，就会有一顿美味的饭菜，”他说。)”可知，虽然雪为传感器检测带来了挑战，但只要人们应用好人工智能，它也会为人类做出很大贡献，由此可推知，人工智能在提高自动驾驶方面有很大潜力。故选B项。
二、七选五
Finding the perfect apartment or house to rent requires a lot of time and research, so we’re here to help make the process a little easier for you!
____16____
It’s understandable to want as many conveniences as possible, but it’s important to recognize which ones are essential. If you can give in on some conveniences, such as an outside pool or water view, you may be able to find a home in a better location, or closer to your favorite activities. ____17____, and forget about all the other unimportant factors.
Get to know the neighborhoods
If you’re familiar with the city where you’re looking, you may already have a good sense of its neighborhoods. If not, it makes sense to get familiar with areas by ways. Look at crime maps. ____18____. Seek out information in forums(论坛), and if you have anyone in your network that might be able to give you the local’s perspective on a particular neighborhood, ask them for input.
Decide what location is ideal
____19____? Do you prefer the active life in the city? Use the search feature on Homes. com to easily search rentals by post code, and to find listings in nearby locations to ensure you don’t miss your dream home in the locations that best fit your personality.
Know the local routines
For many families, renting a home is to provide their children with stability. In such cases, landlords might offer a 12-month lease(租约) upfront with the potential for a multi-year lease upon renewal. ____20____.
A．Decide which is important
B．Read reviews on the local schools
C．No one wants to live without peace
D．Is the school district the top concern
E．What is important to you and your family
F．Don’t get caught up in all the bells and whistles
G．This gives them a year to learn more about their renters
【答案】16．A
17．F
18．B
19．D
20．G
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章就如何可以租到适合自己的房子提出了建议。
16．
根据上文“Finding the perfect apartment or house to rent requires a lot of time and research, so we re here to help make the process a little easier for you!(寻找完美的公寓或房子可以租需要很多时间和研究，所以我们在这里帮助让这个过程更容易为您！)”可知，接下来就租合适的房子给出建议。该句是段落小标题，应该是一条建议，多为祈使句并能概括下一段重点，结合下文“It’s understandable to want as many conveniences as possible, but it’s important to recognize which ones are essential.(想要尽可能多的方便是可以理解的，但重要的是要认识到哪些是必要的)”可知，这一段在讲，什么是对你来说最重要的，其中essential为关键词。A项内容“Decide which is important(决定哪个是重要的)”与下文契合，important和essential近义词呼应。故选A项。
17．
小标题“Decide which is important(决定哪个是重要的)”，该题作为段末句应呼应小标题，并契合下一句“and forget about all the other unimportant factors.(忘记其他所有不重要的因素)”，F项内容“Don’t get caught up in all the bells and whistles(不要被那些花哨的东西所迷惑)”符合，其中all the bells and whistles是习语，意为“花里胡哨，华而不实，不重要的东西”，与下文中的unimportant factors意义一致，都表示不重要的要忽略。F项最符合语境。故选F项。
18．
本段小标题“Get to know the neighborhoods(了解周围的环境)”建议，租房前了解周边环境，学校当然是一个社区环境的重要组成，B项“Read reviews on the local schools(阅读对当地学校的评论)”建议了解一下附近学校的情况，符合本段主旨。故选B项。
19．
由本段小标题“Decide what location is ideal(决定什么位置是理想的)”可知，本段主要着眼于地理位置的要求，根据该小题标点符合及下一句可知，此处应该是一个问句，且强调考虑地理位置的某个因素，D项内容“Is the school district the top concern(学区是最受关注的吗?)”符合。故选D项。
20．
根据上文“For many families, renting a home is to provide their children with stability. In such cases, landlords might offer a 12-month lease(租约) upfront with the potential for a multi-year lease upon renewal.(对许多家庭来说，租房是为了给孩子提供稳定的生活。在这种情况下，房东可能会提前提供12个月的租约，续签后可能会提供多年租约)”可知，房东先与租户签约一年，之后合适有可能会续约多年，所以空处应该是承接上文，指出这样做的好处，G项“This gives them a year to learn more about their renters(这给了他们一年的时间去了解他们的租客)”符合，如果相互了解续约长期租住，孩子就有了稳定的家，不用总搬家，也契合段落首句。故选G项。
三、完形填空
A disabled teenager is being sent replacements of her favourite toy from strangers around the world after hers began to break. Josie Wheel ___21___ a message on Twitter asking for help finding a specific model of the toy which her sister Rosie had ___22___ since her second birthday.
They are no longer made and we’re ___23___ ones that work, she said in the message.
Ms Wheel described the ___24___ to the message as heartwarming. Her sister Rosie, 15, has multiple learning disabilities and would be really ___25___ to see the new toys.
The Vtech Light Up Learning Bug had stopped being ___26___ by the company nearly a decade ago.
“Rosie’s current working ladybug broke yesterday so in the efforts to fix one of our broken 15, we thought we’d give social media a(n) ___27___” said the 18-year-old, “We never ___28___ the response to be so huge.”
“It’s really heartwarming that so many people are so ___29___ to help, even though they know nothing about Rosie and out of the ___30___ of their heart they just want to help.” She said about 15 replacements had so far been ___31___ but people were still coming forward. People had also ___32___ to fix the broken toys after they began to break after so much usage.
“She doesn’t completely understand everything that's going on, due to her ___33___, but when she can ___34___ see all of them she will be really excited,” Ms Wheel added. Lorraine Wheel, the girls’ mother, added: Josie and her sister have the strongest ___35___ and Josie will do anything to make sure that Rosie is the happiest girl ever.
21．A．received B．posted C．announced D．exchanged
22．A．expected B．broken C．loved D．planned
23．A．running out of B．putting up with C．looking out for D．getting rid of
24．A．solution B．response C．attitude D．access
25．A．shocked B．embarrassed C．excited D．relieved
26．A．advertised B．displayed C．upgraded D．sold
27．A．try B．order C．practice D．honor
28．A．wanted B．urged C．believed D．expected
29．A．hesitant B．determined C．puzzled D．careful
30．A．goodness B．curiosity C．patience D．equality
31．A．produced B．promoted C．protected D．promised
32．A．preferred B．chosen C．offered D．pretended
33．A．age B．quality C．environment D．condition
34．A．physically B．mentally C．emotionally D．spiritually
35．A．sense B．duty C．bond D．belief
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．A
24．B
25．C
26．D
27．A
28．D
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．C
33．D
34．A
35．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是记叙文。一名残疾少女最喜欢的玩具坏了，姐姐在推特发消息求助后，得到世界各地的陌生人给她寄来了替换玩具。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔西·威尔在推特上发了一条信息，请大家帮忙找一个特定型号的玩具，她的妹妹罗西从两岁生日起就喜欢上了这个玩具。A. received收到；B. posted发布；C. announced宣布；D. exchanged交换。根据“a message on Twitter asking for help”可知，这是发布消息。故选B。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔西·威尔在推特上发了一条信息，请大家帮忙找一个特定型号的玩具，她的妹妹罗西从两岁生日起就喜欢上了这个玩具。A. expected期待；B. broken破坏；C. loved热爱；D. planned计划。根据“A disabled teenager is being sent replacements of her favourite toy”可知，这是她最爱的玩具。故选C。
23．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她在消息中说：“他们已经停产了，我们已经没有可用的了。”A. running out of用完；B. putting up with忍受；C. looking out for提防，留意找；D. getting rid of除掉。根据“asking for help finding a specific model of the toy which her sister Rosie had ____2____ since her second birthday.”可知，因为这款玩具停产他们也没有可用的所以才在推特上求助，故选A。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：沃尔女士称对这条消息的回应令人感动。A. solution解决方案；B. response回应；C. attitude态度；D.access接触、通向。根据“to the message as heartwarming.”以及“We never ____8____ the response to be so huge.”可知，大家对这个消息的回应。故选B。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的妹妹罗西，15岁，有多重学习障碍，看到这些新玩具会非常兴奋。A. shocked惊讶的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relieved如释重负的。根据“see the new toys.”可知，罗西最喜欢的玩具坏了，所以看到新玩具会很兴奋。故选C。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司在近10年前就停止销售Vtech Light Up Learning Bug。A. advertised登广告；B. displayed展示；C. upgraded升级；D. sold出售。根据“They are no longer made”可知，公司已经停止销售。故选D。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位18岁的女孩说：“罗西目前正在工作的瓢虫昨天坏了，所以为了修复我们的15只坏瓢虫中的一只，我们想我们应该尝试一下社交媒体。A. try 尝试；B. order 命令；C. practice 练习；D. honor荣誉。根据“Josie Wheel ____1____ a message on Twitter asking for help finding a specific model of the toy which her sister Rosie had ____2____ since her second birthday.”可知，这是尝试社交媒体求助。故选A。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从来没有想到反响会这么大。A. wanted想要；B. urged催促；C. believed相信；D. expected期待。根据“It’s really heartwarming that so many people are so ____9____ to help,”可知，得到这么多人的帮助，这是出乎意料的事，故选D。
29．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这么多人下定决心要帮助罗西，这真的很暖心，尽管他们对罗西一无所知，出于好心，他们只是想帮助她。”A. hesitant犹豫的；B. determined有决心的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. careful小心的。根据“She said about 15 replacements had so far been ____11____ but people were still coming forward.”可知，大家帮助她的决心。故选B。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这么多人下定决心要帮助罗西，这真的很暖心，尽管他们对罗西一无所知，出于好心，他们只是想帮助她。”A. goodness善良；B. curiosity好奇心；C. patience耐心；D. equality公平。根据“they just want to help.”可知，出于好心帮助。故选A。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她表示，到目前为止，已经承诺了约15名替代人选，但仍有人主动提出。A. produced生产；B. promoted提升；C. protected保护；D. promised答应。根据“but people were still coming forward.”可知，这都是大家答应给予帮助。故选D。
32．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们还主动提出修理破损的玩具，因为这些玩具使用太久，开始出现故障。A. preferred更喜欢；B. chosen选择；C. offered提供；D. pretended假装。根据“It’s really heartwarming that so many people are so ____9____ to help”可知，大家主动提供帮助。故选C。
33．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“由于她的身体状况，她不能完全理解发生的一切，但当她能亲眼看到他们所有人，她会非常兴奋。”A. age年龄；B. quality品质；C. environment环境；D. condition条件。根据“Her sister Rosie, 15, has multiple learning disabilities and would be really ____5____ to see the new toys.”可知，罗西身体状况不好。故选D。
34．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“由于她的身体状况，她不能完全理解发生的一切，但当她能亲眼看到他们所有人，她会非常兴奋。”A. physically身体地、亲自地；B. mentally头脑地；C. emotionally情感地；D. spiritually精神地。根据“She doesn’t completely understand everything that's going on,”可知，故选A。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩们的母亲洛林·韦尔补充说：乔西和姐姐之间的感情最深厚，乔西会不惜一切代价让罗西成为最快乐的女孩。A. sense感官；B. duty职责；C. bond维系；D. belief信念。根据“Josie will do anything to make sure that Rosie is the happiest girl ever.”可知，两人感情最深。故选C。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the best-preserved fossils (化石) yet discovered has revealed that the young dinosaur used the same technique as baby birds ___36___ (break) out of its shell. The fossil, named Baby Yingliang, was found in southeast China and ___37___ (belong) to a group of feathered dinosaurs. And it provides the first clear evidence ___38___ dinosaurs’ assumed postures remind us of modern birds as the time approached for them to hatch.
Since the 1990s scientists ___39___ (discover) many more connections between birds and the dinosaurs. However, the posture of Baby Yingliang inside ___40___ (it) 17 cm egg had not been seen previously. The creature is folded over, with its head resting between its legs and its arms pressed ___41___ either side of its neck.
In modern birds such postures are critical for ___42___ (success) hatching. The researchers now propose that this behaviour, which had been considered unique to birds, appeared in some dinosaurs, ___43___ (possible) hundreds of millions of years ago. Fion Waisum, one of the lead authors of the study, said, “It is interesting to see that this dinosaur baby ___44___ a chicken one pose in a similar way inside the egg, ___45___ (indicate) similar pre-hatching behaviours.”
【答案】36．to break
37．belongs
38．that
39．have discovered
40．its
41．against
42．successful
43．possibly
44．and
45．indicating
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了科学家从目前发现的恐龙化石中发现，恐龙宝宝和一只鸡在蛋内的姿势相似，这表明它们孵化前的行为相似。
36．
考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止发现的保存最完好的化石之一表明，小恐龙使用与幼鸟相同的技术破壳而出。句中谓语动词是used，break是非谓语动词。根据句意可知，小恐龙用何幼鸟相同的技术，是为了破壳，此处非谓语动词做状语表目的，use sth. to do使用某物来做。故填to break。
37．
考查时态。句意：这块名为英良宝宝的化石发现于中国东南部，属于一群有羽毛的恐龙。句中and连接两个并列的谓语was found和belong。belong的主语“The fossil (化石)”是第三人称单数；且“化石属于一群有羽毛的恐龙”是客观事实，因此用一般现在时。故填belongs。
38．
考查同位语从句。句意：它提供了第一个明确的证据，恐龙的姿势让我们想起了现代即将孵化的鸟类。分析句子可知，本句是名词性从句中的同位语从句，空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明前面的名词evidence(证据)，从句中不缺少成分，应用that来引导。故填that。
39．
考查时态和语态。句意：自1990年代以来，科学家们发现了鸟类和恐龙之间更多的联系。分析句子可知，discover是本句的谓语动词，句中有时间状语“since the 1990s”，因此应用现在完成时；句中主语是scientists，因此应用谓语动词复数形式。故填have discovered。
40．
考查代词。句意：不过，英良宝宝在它17厘米长的蛋里面的姿势，之前是没有人见过的。根据句意“英良宝宝在它自己的蛋里”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰“17 cm egg (17厘米的蛋)”，故填its。
41．
考查介词。句意：这个生物被折叠起来，它的头靠在它的腿之间，它的手臂压在它脖子的两侧。分析句子可知，此处意为“恐龙在蛋里，胳膊压在脖子两侧”，介词against意为“靠着”，符合句意。故填against。
42．
考查形容词。句意：在现代鸟类中，这种姿势对于成功孵化至关重要。分析句子可知，此处应用形容修饰名词“hatching (孵化)”，表示“成功孵化”。故填successful。
43．
考查副词。句意：现在，研究人员提出，这种被认为是鸟类独有的行为，可能在数亿年前出现在一些恐龙身上。句中“hundreds of millions of years ago (数亿年前)”是时间状语，应用副词修饰。故填possibly。
44．
考查连词。句意：该研究的主要作者之一Fion Waisum说：“有趣的是，这只恐龙宝宝和一只鸡在蛋内的姿势相似，表明它们孵化前的行为相似。”分析句子结构可知，句中“this dinosaur baby (这只恐龙宝宝)”与“a chicken one (一只鸡宝宝)”做动词pose的主语，为并列关系。故填and。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究的主要作者之一Fion Waisum说：“有趣的是，这只恐龙宝宝和一只鸡在蛋内的姿势相似，表明它们孵化前的行为相似。”句中谓语动词是is，indicate是非谓语动词做状语；主句中“恐龙宝宝和鸡宝宝姿势相似”这件事情与动词indicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式表主动。故填indicating。
五、开放性作文
46．假定你是李华，上星期五你班举行了“劳动光荣”的主题班会。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 班会目的；
2. 班会进程；
3. 班会反响。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Theme Class Meeting
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Theme Class Meeting
To stimulate the students’ enthusiasm for labour, Class 8 Senior 3 held a theme class meeting named Labour Being Glorious last Friday.
The class meeting, consisting of three parts, began with a touching video about a student being a volunteer in his community. After that, we talked about the topic freely in groups. Finally, some students shared their stories of doing housework at home.
Through the class meeting, not only do we better understand the value of labour, but also we want to live independently by doing what we can do.
【解析】
【导语】
本书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为本校英文报写一篇关于班级“劳动光荣”主题班会的报道。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
刺激：stimulate→arouse
包括：consisting of→including
令人感动的：touching→moving
社区：community→ neighborhood
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To stimulate the students’ enthusiasm for labour, Class 8 Senior 3 held a theme class meeting named Labour Being Glorious last Friday.
拓展句：To stimulate the students’ enthusiasm for labour, Class 8 Senior 3 held a theme class meeting last Friday, which is called Labour Being Glorious.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】The class meeting, consisting of three parts, began with a touching video about a student being a volunteer in his community.（运用了非谓语动词做状语）
【高分句型2】Through the class meeting, not only do we better understand the value of labour, but also we want to live independently by doing what we can do.（运用了not only…but also…的部分倒装以及宾语从句）
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Karen Helps Out
Karen sat at the kitchen table. She finished her last bite of cereal as she watched Dad fill a bucket with tools “What are you working on today?” she asked.
“Last week I fixed the porch railing,” Dad said. “That means today it’s ready to paint.” “Can I help?”asked Karen. Dad usually said no, because his tools were sharp and too heavy for Karen to pick up. Karen usually just watched Dad work.
“Yes,” said Dad. “Painting is a safe job for you to try. Go put on some old clothes and meet me out front.”
Karen found play clothes from last summer that were a little small. Next year they wouldn’t fit at all. It would be okay if she dripped paint on them by mistake. Karen was planning to be very careful.
“Ready!” called Karen. She sat down on the top porch step.
Dad dipped his paint brush into a cart of white paint. Karen watched as he carefully wiped the edge of the brush on the side of the can. “That’s what you do to get rid of extra paint. See? No drips.” Then Dad made one long smooth line of paint along the porch railing. “Remember to paint in just one direction so things stay neat.” said Dad.
Karen was very excited to try painting herself. She dipped her brush in the paint and wiped the edge, just like Dad. Then she tried to paint a stripe on the railing. Her paint line started out nicely, but she soon ran out of paint.
“That’s a good start.” said Dad. “Now dip your brush again and continue your line.” Karen tried again. Soon her paint line was almost as long as Das. She watched as Dad went over her line one more time. He smoothed it out and connected it to his line. “Painting is fun!” said Karen. She and Dad kept working together.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon the whole railing was painted white.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing her mother come back, Karen threw herself into Mum’s arms.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Soon the whole railing was painted white. It looked fresh and clean, “Great job, Karen,” said Dad. Hearing this, Karen wore a shining smile on her face. “Today I have learnt a lot. It seems that I will learn more living skills from Dad in the future,” Karen thought to herself. Dad made some additions to some places. “When it’s dry, we can show Mum what we did today,” Dad said to Karen. She felt very proud. She couldn’t wait to show Mum all her hard work later.
Seeing her mother come back, Karen threw herself into Mum’s arms. “Here, Mum! Here!” Karen exclaimed as she led her mum to see the newly painted railing. At first Mum looked a little puzzled, but her eyes widened open when she found the rail took on a new look. Karen excitedly told Mum how she helped Dad paint the railing Mum couldn’t help hugging Karen, saying “You did a great job! Our little Karen has grown up.” Karen laughed, determined to do more for her parents, her eyes shining with excitement.
【解析】
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Karen想帮助爸爸把上周修好的门廊栏杆涂油漆，于是爸爸告诉Karen换上旧衣服，并教她如何涂漆，随后，Karen和爸爸一起将门廊的栏杆涂油漆的故事。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很快整个栏杆都漆成了白色。”可知，第一段可描写涂漆后，爸爸夸赞Karen。
②由第二段首句内容“看到妈妈回来，Karen投入妈妈的怀抱。”可知，第二段可描写Karen告诉妈妈自己和爸爸将栏杆涂漆的事，妈妈夸赞她。
2. 续写线索：涂完油漆——爸爸夸赞Karen——Karen感到很骄傲——妈妈回来——告诉妈妈——妈妈夸赞Karen
3. 词汇激活行为类
①呼喊：exclaimed/shouted/called out
②睁大眼睛：her eyes widened open/keep her eyes open
③拥抱某人：hug sb./give sb. a hug
情绪类
①困惑的：puzzled/confused
②兴奋地：with excitement/excitedly
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Hearing this, Karen wore a shining smile on her face.（运用了非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随）
[高分句型2]. At first Mum looked a little puzzled, but her eyes widened open when she found the rail took on a new look.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. Karen laughed, determined to do more for her parents, her eyes shining with excitement.（运用了形容词做状语和独立主格结构）