2022届河南省开封市高三下学期三模英语试题含答案

这是一份2022届河南省开封市高三下学期三模英语试题含答案，共28页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届河南省开封市高三下学期三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Browse through our selected books. Whether you are a parent looking for a special gift or a teenager wanting to find a perfect book, we have what you need.
The Woolly Monkey Mysteries: The Quest to Save a Rain Forest Species
By Sandra Markle. Ages 8 to 10.
Woolly Monkeys spend most of their time high up in 150-foot-tall trees. That makes them difficult animals to count and to study. But cameras have provided valuable information and taken, as this book shows, amazing pictures. Experts now believe that Peru’s lowland monkeys and the waste they produce are necessary to the survival of the rain forest.
Camp Panda: Helping Cubs Return to the Wild
By Catherine Thimmesh. Ages 10 to 12.
The giant panda is much-beloved in China, but in the past 40 years, at least half of its places have been destroyed. Camp Panda tells about efforts to reintroduce the giant pandas into the wild so that they might have a future. As part of the efforts, people wear panda costumes that smell like pandas while weighing and measuring the young pandas. They aren’t supposed to get used to seeing and being around people, because people could bring a threat to them in the wild.
Beyond Words: What Elephants and Whales Think and Feel
By Carl Safina. Ages 10 and older.
Carl Safina studied elephants in an African national park and killer whales off the coast of Washington state. He learned about their strong family bonds, the surprising ways they communicate and how they play and hang out with one another. This book makes a strong case for protecting the ability of these animals to live freely.
Back from the Brink: Saving Animals from Extinction
By Nancy F. Castaldo. Ages 10 and older.
This book focuses on seven groups of animals — including whooping cranes, California condors and American alligators — that were brought back to healthy numbers by a lot of efforts. As she celebrates these successes, Nancy F. Castaldo also makes clear that dangers, such as the effects of climate change, still cloud the future of these creatures.
1．Which writer’s book talked about the most animal groups?
A．Carl Safina. B．Nancy F. Castaldo
C．Catherine Thimmesh. D．Sandra Markle.
2．What do these four books focus on?
A．The rights of animals. B．The change of climate.
C．The protection of rain forests. D．The protection of animals.
3．What’s the purpose of the author to write the text?
A．To introduce four books. B．To get some writers known.
C．To describe some rare wild animals. D．To appeal to children to love animals.
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍四本书，呼吁人们保护动物。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句话“This book focuses on seven groups of animals — including whooping cranes, California condors and American alligators — that were brought back to healthy numbers by a lot of efforts.”（这本书聚焦于七类动物，包括百日鹤、加州秃鹰和美国短吻鳄，它们通过大量努力恢复了健康的数量。）可知，Nancy F. Castaldo所写的书中谈论的动物群体最多。故选B项。
2．
细节理解题。结合文章内容，第一本书The Woolly Monkey Mysteries: The Quest to Save a Rain Forest Species是关于保护秘鲁低地猴子；第二本书Camp Panda: Helping Cubs Return to the Wild是关于大熊猫保护；第三本书Beyond Words: What Elephants and Whales Think and Feel是关于大象和虎鲸的保护研究；第四本书Back from the Brink: Saving Animals from Extinction是关于七个物种保护成果。因此，四本书的共同点都聚焦于动物保护。故选D项。
3．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句话和第二句话“Browse through our selected books. Whether you are a parent looking for a special gift or a teenager wanting to find a perfect book, we have what you need.”（浏览我们精选的书籍。无论您是寻找特殊礼物的父母，还是想要找到完美书籍的青少年，我们都能满足您的需求。）可知，本文是在详细介绍四本书。故选A项。
If someone said they’d pay you $ 1,800 to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you?
Sivert Klefsaas did just that. “I thought it was awesome,” Sivert told CNN Tuesday, “I thought, ‘Ah what’s 6 more years?’”
In 2016, Lorna Goldstrand Klefsaas challenged her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18. If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the cash on his eighteenth birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert claimed his prize.
Lorna was inspired by a challenge she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she turned 16 if she stayed off social media, she told CNN. She decided to up the ante (期限) to two extra years and $200 more.
Sivert said it wasn’t too difficult to live without social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12 year old, Sivert said he wasn’t using social media much anyway. The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat — which he deleted a day after trying it out. “I wouldn’t say there was ever a time when I thought I was about to break,” he said. “As it went on, it was more of a pride thing.” He also had his friends to keep him up to date on the latest information or trends. “I got to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there.” Sivert added.
Lorna said she never had to check for any sneakily downloaded apps. “He’s so competitive, it was definitely more for proving a point.” she said. It also meant he had more time to focus on his grades and sports instead, Sivert told reporter.
Now $1,800 richer, Sivert told CNN he hasn’t thought about what to buy (when he was 12, he joked he’d get a house), but it’ll likely be something for his dorm room at the University of Northwestern St. Paul, which he’ll attend in the fall.
After Sivet’s success, Lorna took to Facebook to share the challenge. She said it was some of the best money she ever spent. Other parents have seemed interested in trying it out too, she told CNN.
“We are certainly not against social media, but it’s the healthy using of it.” Lorna noted. “It’s about not letting yourself get weighed down by it, or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post.” She added she thinks her son now has a “different perspective” on social media than he would have at age 12.
4．What do we know about Lorna?
A．She posted the challenge on CNN.
B．She has a different perspective on social media now.
C．She offered Sivert the cash on his sixteenth birthday.
D．She got inspiration from a similar challenge over the radio.
5．What mainly made Sivert win $1,800?
A．His eagerness to prove himself. B．His mother’ support.
C．His friends’ encouragement. D．His casual attitude.
6．What’s the attitude of other parents towards the challenge?
A．Indifferent. B．Objective. C．Favorable. D．Doubtful.
7．What advice did Lorna offer at Last?
A．Avoid using social media.
B．Develop a healthy living habit.
C．Try not to be addicted to social media.
D．Escape being influenced by people around you.
【答案】4．D
5．A
6．C
7．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了母亲Lorna和儿子Sivert Klefsaas打赌，让儿子远离社交媒体的事情。
4．
推理判断题。根据原文第二段“Sivert Klefsaas did just that. “I thought it was awesome,” Sivert told CNN Tuesday, “I thought, ‘Ah what’s 6 more years?’”(Sivert Klefsaas就是这么做的。“我觉得这太棒了，”Sivert周二告诉CNN，“我想，‘啊，还有6年吗？’”)”以及第四段“Lorna was inspired by a challenge she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she turned 16 if she stayed off social media, she told CNN.(洛娜在接受CNN采访时表示，她在广播中听到了一个名为“16对16”的挑战，一个母亲在女儿16岁时给了她1600美元，如果她远离社交媒体。)”可知洛娜从收音机里的一次类似挑战中获得了灵感。故选D。
5．
细节理解题。根据原文倒数第四段的“He’s so competitive, it was definitely more for proving a point.(他很好胜，这绝对是为了证明自己。)”可知Sivert获胜的主要原因是他渴望证明自己。故选A。
6．
推理判断题。根据原文倒数第二段的“Other parents have seemed interested in trying it out too, she told CNN.(她告诉CNN，其他家长似乎也有兴趣尝试一下。)”可知其他家长对这个挑战的态度是支持的。A. Indifferent漠不关心的；B. Objective客观的；C. Favorable支持的；D. Doubtful怀疑的。故选C。
7．
推理判断题。根据原文最后一段的“It’s about not letting yourself get weighed down by it, or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post.(这是关于不要让自己被它拖累，或沉迷于它，或被人们发布的东西影响。)”可知洛娜最后提出的建议是尽量不要沉迷于社交媒体。故选C。
If you’re like most people, you’re too busy eating pizza to stop and consider how it arrived on your kitchen counter. Ponder it long enough, though, and you may find it curious that pies usually come in square or other boxes that are different from the round crust. So why don’t pizzas arrive in round cardboard boxes?
It’s mostly because the pizza industry doesn’t really care to disrupt the cardboard industry. Cardboard boxes are usually manufactured with edges (i.e. square or rectangular) because they can be made in one piece as well as neatly stacked (堆放).
The advantage of making a round pizza box would mainly be good-looking. It’s not going to saves pace over an edged box. In the case of frozen pizzas, stacking pies vertically runs the risk of them rolling out of place. It’s just bad pizza management.
Of course, there are exceptions. Many pizzerias offer sheet or Sicilian-style pizzas, which are served in a rectangular shape and better fit a rectangular box. And some chains have toyed with the conventional pizza bot shape. Domino’s has a six-sided design with tapered (锥形的) front edges intended to reduce the cardboard used and limit the company’s carbon footprint. (It also reportedly keeps the pizza from sliding around.)
Pizza wasn’t always served in square cardboard. In the 1800s, street sellers carried pies in portable metal containers that kept them warm. When pizza started rising in popularity in postwar America, pizzerias used a single piece of cardboard as support and then slipped the pie into a paper bag. Eventually, corrugated (波纹的) cardboard struck a fine balance between preserving heat without trapping too much moisture.
Will we ever see a complete rethink of the pizza box? Some people have tried. In 2010, Apple filed for a patent for a round pizza container with holes so moisture can escape. It’s used in the company’s food courts. Another company, World Centric, designed a compostable (可降解的) round box in 2018 that can be used to reheat pizza. A similar product was test-marketed by Pizza Hut in 2019. All of the designs boasted of keeping pizzas warmer and crispier for longer, but none have become commonly used.
For the most part, you’re still likely to encounter square boxes. Pizza is, after all, about finding comfort in the familiar.
8．How does the writer introduce the topic?
A．By describing a common problem. B．By raising a question.
C．By challenging others’ views. D．By making a comparison.
9．Why do pizzas usually come in square boxes?
A．Square boxes are good-looking.
B．The pizza industry cares it much.
C．Square boxes can be made and stacked easily.
D．Square boxes can keep pizzas warmer and crispier for longer.
10．What is the sixth paragraph mainly about?
A．The bright future of the pizza box.
B．Significant changes of the pizza box.
C．Failed attempts of several companies.
D．Successful examples of several companies.
11．Which of the following can be the title of the passage?
A．Why do round pizzas come in square boxes?
B．How did pizza boxes develop into what it is?
C．What advantages do square pizza boxes have?
D．How did square pizza boxes come into being?
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．C
11．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍圆形披萨饼装在方形盒子的原因。
8．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“So why don’t pizzas arrive in round cardboard boxes?（那么，为什么披萨饼没有装在圆形纸板箱里呢？）”可知，文章在句首运用提出问题的方式引出文章的话题。结合选项，B项符合题意。故选B项。
9．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句话“Cardboard boxes are usually manufactured with edges (i.e. square or rectangular) because they can be made in one piece as well as neatly stacked (堆放).（纸板箱通常是有边的(即方形或矩形)，因为它们可以做成一个整体，也可以整齐地堆叠在一起。）”可知，披萨通常用方形盒子装的原因是容易制成并堆放。故选C项。
10．
主旨大意题。根据第六段最后一句话“All of the designs boasted of keeping pizzas warmer and crispier for longer, but none have become commonly used.（所有这些设计都号称能让披萨更温暖、更酥脆，但没有一种被广泛使用。）”可知，本段主要介绍两家公司对于披萨盒的升级尝试，但均以失败而告终。C项“几家公司的失败尝试”更符合题意，为第六段介绍的主要内容。故选C项。
11．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“So why don’t pizzas arrive in round cardboard boxes?（那么，为什么披萨饼没有装在圆形纸箱里呢？）”以及下文具体说明了披萨饼装在圆形纸箱里的原因。可知，文章主要介绍比萨饼为什么用方形盒子装。故选A项。
NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has confirmed the largest icy comet nucleus ever seen by scientists. The nucleus of comet C/2014 UN271 is about 80 miles in diameter, which is larger than the state of Rhode Island, NASA says.
The comet’s nucleus is about 50 times larger than that of most comets, and its mass is estimated to be gigantic 500 trillion tons.
“This comet is literally the tip of the iceberg for many thousands of comets that are too faint to see in the more distant parts of the solar system,” David Jewitt, a professor of planetary science and astronomy at the University of California, Los Angeles, said in a statement.
“We’ve always suspected this comet had to be big because it is so bright at such a large distance. Now we confirm it is.” Jewitt added.
Comet C/2014 UN271 was discovered by astronomers Pedro Bernardinelli and Gary Bernstein using archival images from the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. The comet has been observed since 2010, when it was 3 billion miles away from the sun, and has been studied since then.
NASA says there was a challenge in measuring the comet’s nucleus because it was too far away for the Hubble telescope to determine its size. Instead, scientists had to make a computer model that was adjusted to fit the images of the comet’s bright light that they got from the telescope’s data.
Despite traveling at 22,000 mph, the massive comet is still coming from the edge of the solar system. But NASA assures us that it will never get closer than 1 billion miles away from the sun — and even then, that won’t be until 2031.
The previous record-holder for largest comet nucleus was discovered in 2002. Comet C/ 2002 VQ94 was approximately 60 miles across.
12．Which of the following statements is TRUE about comet C/2014 UN271?
A．The temperature of its nucleus is rather low.
B．It is 3 billion miles away from the sun now.
C．It was first discovered through NASA’s telescope.
D．It is traveling towards the edge of the solar system.
13．The underlined word “gigantic” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A．Average. B．Enormous. C．Small. D．Moderate.
14．What can be inferred from David Jewitt’s words?
A．The comet C/2014 UN271 is very bright at a large distance.
B．The comet C/2014 UN271 is at the tip of an iceberg.
C．The scientists had never doubted the size of the comet C/2014 UN271.
D．There are more comets to be discovered in the solar system.
15．What made it difficult to measure the comet’s nucleus?
A．The huge size of the cornet.
B．The limited knowledge of the scientists.
C．The distance between the comet and the telescope.
D．The quality of the images of the comet’s bright light.
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．D
15．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述美国宇航局的哈勃空间望远镜已经证实了科学家们所见过的最大的冰质彗核，C/2014 UN271彗星。
12．
推理判断题。根据第一段“NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has confirmed the largest icy comet nucleus ever seen by scientists.”(美国宇航局的哈勃空间望远镜已经证实了科学家们所见过的最大的冰质彗核。)可知，C/2014 UN271彗星的核是冰质的，所以温度应该是很低的。故选A。
13．
词句猜测题。根据第二段“The comet’s nucleus is about 50 times larger than that of most comets,.”(这个彗核大约是大多数彗星的50倍。)可知，其质量估计大到达500万亿吨。gigantic是形容词，表示这个彗核很大的意思，和B选项意思一致。故选B。
14．
推理判断题。根据第三段“This comet is literally the tip of the iceberg for many thousands of comets that are too faint to see in the more distant parts of the solar system,”(这颗彗星只是成千上万颗彗星的冰山一角，这些彗星太暗，在太阳系较远的地方看不到。)可知，在David Jewitt看来，太阳系中的彗星还有很多还没有被发现。故选D。
15．
细节理解题。根据第六段“NASA says there was a challenge in measuring the comet’s nucleus because it was too far away for the Hubble telescope to determine its size.”(美国宇航局说，测量彗星的核是一个挑战，因为它太远，哈勃望远镜无法确定它的大小。)可知，使得测量彗核困难在于它离哈勃望远镜的距离太远。故选C。
二、七选五
Bread making is a survival skill. With very few simple things — such as flour, salt and yeast — you can bake a fresh loaf of bread for your family, neighbors or coworkers. Baking is not just a useful survival skill. ____16____ In fact, baking and cooking have been used to treat people with mental health issues.
Julie Ohana, a social worker, offers what she calls culinary therapy to her patients in New York City to help them overcome many kinds of issues. ____17____
Baking requires mindfulness.
When you’re in the kitchen, it really requires a certain level of mindfulness, of being present in the moment. And baking really requires step-by-step, following a recipe, being more precise. Kneading the dough (揉面团) or rolling something out, you really get the full benefit of being present in the moment and being able to relax and put aside all the other thoughts and just focus on the here-and-now.
Baking is a labor of love.
Baking is a process filled with love. ____18____ When you bake, you go through this whole process and it really is a labor of love and you end up with this finished product that — not only is it tangible — but it’s edible and it’s delicious.
____19____
Often our food experiences are tied to family memories and stories. We remember meals our grandmothers made. We teach our children important recipes for family favorites.
Baking is a win-win.
Giving delicious, baked goods makes the giver feel as good as the receiver. To pass the baked goods on to someone else certainly can make the day for the person receiving it. ____20____
A．Baking is rewarding.
B．Baking is emotional.
C．It not only makes you feel good, it produces something you can touch and eat!
D．But it’s also just as powerful for the person who’s giving them.
E．It can make you feel better at stressful times.
F．She explains that culinary therapy works on many levels.
G．And the receiver can benefit a lot from baking.
【答案】16．E
17．F
18．C
19．B
20．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是烘焙的好处。
16．
空格前说“Baking is not just a useful survival skill.(烘焙不仅仅是一种有用的生存技能。)”，空格处应说明烘焙还有什么好处，空格后说“In fact, baking and cooking have been used to treat people with mental health issues.(事实上，烘焙和烹饪已经被用来治疗有心理健康问题的人。)”，说明空格处要说的烘焙的另外的好处是对人情绪方面的好处，E选项“It can make you feel better at stressful times.(它可以让你在有压力的时候感觉更好。)”说明了烘焙对情绪方面的积极影响，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
17．
空格前说“Julie Ohana, a social worker, offers what she calls culinary therapy to her patients in New York City to help them overcome many kinds of issues.(Julie Ohana是一名社会工作者，她在纽约为病人提供她所谓的烹饪疗法，帮助他们克服各种问题。)”，空格处应继续对这种疗法进行介绍，F选项“She explains that culinary therapy works on many levels.(她解释说，烹饪疗法在很多层面上都有效。)”是对这种疗法的进一步介绍，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
18．
空格前说“Baking is a process filled with love.(烘焙是一个充满爱的过程。)”，空格后说“When you bake, you go through this whole process and it really is a labor of love and you end up with this finished product that — not only is it tangible — but it’s edible and it’s delicious.(当你烘焙的时候，你要经历整个过程，这真的是一种爱的劳动，你最终得到的成品，不仅是有形的，而且是可食用的，美味的。)”，因此空格处应说烘焙出来的东西不光对人情绪有积极影响，而且还是可以吃的，C选项“It not only makes you feel good, it produces something you can touch and eat!(它不仅让你感觉良好，它产生了你可以触摸和吃的东西！)”承上启下，说明了烘焙出来的东西是有形的，可以吃的，因此符合语境，故选C。
19．
空格处是本段的小标题，由空格下方的内容“Often our food experiences are tied to family memories and stories.(我们的食物体验通常与家庭记忆和故事有关。)”可知，本段主要讲的是烘焙是和情感有关的，B选项“Baking is emotional.(烘焙是带有情感的。)”概括本段内容，可作为小标题，故选B。
20．
空格前说“Giving delicious, baked goods makes the giver feel as good as the receiver. To pass the baked goods on to someone else certainly can make the day for the person receiving it.(送出美味的烘焙食品会让送礼者和受礼者感觉一样好。把烘焙好的食物给别人当然可以让收到它的人感到高兴。)”，空格处应讲对送出食品的人的影响，D选项“But it’s also just as powerful for the person who’s giving them.(但对给予的人来说，它也同样强大。)”说明了对送出食品的人的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
三、完形填空
Beijing normally doesn’t have much snow in winter, so artificial snow is being used at venues for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, with the quality of the white snow drawing ____21____ from many athletes, and even officials. Artificial snow gives the courses a better and more ____22____ quality.
“This is by far the best man-made snow I’ve ever ____23____ on,” American freestyle skier Ashley Caldwell said at a ____24____ conference. After receiving ____25____ from many athletes through the training period and first days of ____26____, Kit McConnell, sports director of the International Olympic Committee, said the participants ____27____ the artificial snow is outstanding. “The focus is on doing this in a sustainable way, and also ____28____ the athletes have an outstanding field of play on which to ____29____ at the Olympic level,” McConnell said.
Russi, chairman of the International Ski Federation’s alpine committee, also a former Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer and one of the course _____30_____ of the Yanqing National Alpine Skiing Center in Beijing, told China Central Television: “I think for the skiers the course we designed is just like paradise.” “Although sometimes _____31_____ with natural snow, artificial snow has _____32_____ been used in competitions in the past five to 10 years,” he added.
On November 7, during the _____33_____ for the Games, Chongli District in Zhangjiakou _____34_____ its first snowfall this winter. But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was _____35_____ up, because it would be more _____36_____ to use natural snow as it _____37_____ more easily and brings safety risks.
However, there are _____38_____ regarding the environmental hazards of using so much water for snow-making. The snow machines at Beijing 2022 have _____39_____ used renewable energy since the beginning of snow production. “For water from melted snow, we have a reservoir and two lakes which can _____40_____ it so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”
21．A．attention B．praise C．response D．effort
22．A．active B．possible C．stable D．valuable
23．A．played B．skied C．worked D．stood
24．A．press B．term C．firm D．office
25．A．news B．letter C．feedback D．argument
26．A．stay B．break C．attempt D．competition
27．A．complain B．predict C．guess D．believe
28．A．ensuring B．refusing C．leading D．forcing
29．A．finish B．compete C．fetch D．advance
30．A．leader B．director C．athlete D．designer
31．A．mixed B．compared C．finished D．helped
32．A．exactly B．mostly C．partly D．rarely
33．A．ending B．beginning C．preparation D．admission
34．A．gave B．raised C．rose D．saw
35．A．bought B．made C．cleaned D．used
36．A．dangerous B．proper C．secure D．beautiful
37．A．cheers up B．turns down C．falls off D．keeps back
38．A．points B．concerns C．senses D．doubts
39．A．completely B．extremely C．slightly D．fairly
40．A．dry B．clean C．feed D．store
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．B
24．A
25．C
26．D
27．D
28．A
29．B
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．C
34．D
35．C
36．A
37．C
38．B
39．A
40．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是议论文。文章主要讲述人们对2022年北京冬奥会上使用的人造雪的态度。
21．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：北京冬天通常不会下很多雪，所以北京2022年冬季奥运会的场馆里正在使用人造雪，白雪的质量得到了许多运动员甚至官员的赞扬。A. attention关注；B. praise表扬；C. response回应；D. effort努力。根据下文“This is by far the best man-made snow I’ve ever __3__ on”可知，人造雪的质量得到了许多运动员甚至官员的赞扬。故选B。
22．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人造雪赋予了赛道更好更稳定的质量。A. active积极的；B. possible可能的；C. stable稳定的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was __15__ up, because it would be more __16__ to use natural snow as it __17__ more easily and brings safety risks.”可知，自然雪很危险，所以反之，人造雪相对来说是比较安全的，即使得赛道有更好更稳定的质量。故选C。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是至今为止我曾经滑过的最好的人造雪赛道。A. played玩耍；B. skied滑雪；C. worked工作；D. stood站立。根据下文“American freestyle skier”可知，说这句话的人是一名滑雪运动员，所以他在人造雪赛道上滑雪。故选B。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国自由滑雪运动员Ashley Caldwell在新闻发布会上说。A. press新闻；B. term学期；C. firm公司；D. office办公室。根据下文“conference”可知，上文是他在新闻发布会上说的话。press conference“新闻发布会”的意思。故选A。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在获得了许多运动员在训练期间和头几天的比赛的反馈之后，国际奥委会体育总监基特·麦康奈尔说，参加的人都相信人造雪非常出色。A. news新闻；B. letter信；C. feedback反馈；D. argument争论。根据下文“from many athletes through the training period and first days of __6__”可知，运动员使用了之后做出的评价和意见属于反馈。故选C。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. stay待；B. break打破；C. attempt试图；D. competition比赛，竞争。根据上文“the training period and first days of”可知，运动员们经过了训练之后就是比赛了。故选D。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. complain抱怨；B. predict预测；C. guess猜测；D. believe相信。根据下文“the artificial snow is outstanding.”可知，这是他们做出的高度的评价，所以是他们相信人造雪是非常出色的。故选D。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：重点是以可持续的方式做到这一点，同时确保运动员拥有一个优秀的比赛场地，在这个场地上进行奥林匹克级别的比赛。A. ensuring确保；B. refusing拒绝；C. leading领导；D. forcing逼迫。根据下文“the athletes have an outstanding field of play on which to __9__ at the Olympic level”可知，人造雪的作用是要保障运动员拥有一个优秀的比赛场地。故选A。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. finish完成；B. compete比赛，竞争；C. fetch去取回；D. advance推进。根据上文“athletes”可知，这个场地是运动员要在上面比赛的地方。故选B。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：国际滑雪联合会高山滑雪委员会主席，前瑞士世界杯高山滑雪赛手，北京延庆国家高山滑雪中心的赛道的设计师之一Russi，告诉中国中央电视台，“我认为我们设计的赛道就像是滑雪者的天堂。”A. leader领导者；B. director导演；C. athlete运动员；D. designer设计师。根据下文“I think for the skiers the course we designed is just like paradise.”可知，Russi是一名设计师。故选D。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有时候人造雪会跟天然雪混合，但是在过去的5到10年里，人造雪已经被用在了大部分的比赛中。A. mixed混合；B. compared比较；C. finished完成；D. helped帮助。根据下文“with natural snow, artificial snow has __12__ been used in competitions in the past five to 10 years”可知，人造雪是和天然的雪混合在一起使用的。故选A。
32．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. exactly准确的说；B. mostly大部分；C. partly部分；D. rarely几乎不。根据上文“Although”可知，2个小分句之间是转折的关系，所以是虽然混合在一起，但是人造雪已经被用在了大部分的比赛中。故选B。
33．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月7日，在为比赛的准备期间，张家口的崇礼县看到了今年冬天的第一场雪。A. ending结尾；B. beginning开始；C. preparation准备；D. admission允许。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was __15__ up”可知，下的天然雪被铲掉了，说明还没有到比赛时间，应该是比赛前的准备期间。故选C。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. gave给；B. raised提升；C. rose升起；D. saw看见。根据下文“But the 20-centimeter-thick snow was __15__ up”可知，那里下了20厘米厚的自然雪。故选D。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是20厘米厚的雪被清理干净了，因为使用天然雪会更危险，因为它更容易掉落，并带来安全风险。A. bought买；B. made做；C. cleaned打扫干净；D. used使用。根据下文“because it would be more __16__ to use natural snow as it __17__ more easily and brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪更危险，所以被打扫干净了。故选C。
36．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A. dangerous危险的；B. proper恰当的；C. secure安全的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪更危险。故选A。
37．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第15题详解。A. cheers up欢呼；B. turns down关小，拒绝；C. falls off掉落；D. keeps back退后。根据下文“brings safety risks.”可知，天然雪危险的原因是它容易掉落。故选C。
38．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有人担心造雪用水过多会对环境造成危害。A. points点，意义；B. concerns担心；C. senses感觉；D. doubts怀疑。根据下文“environmental hazards”可知，有环境危害，所以人们会有担心。故选B。
39．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：北京2022年的造雪机从造雪开始就完全使用可再生能源。A. completely完全地；B. extremely极其；C. slightly稍微；D. fairly相当。根据下文“For water from melted snow, we have a reservoir and two lakes which can __20__ it so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”可知，造雪机从造雪开始就完全使用可再生能源。故选A。
40．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于从融雪中提取的水，我们有一个水库和两个湖，可以储存水，这样水就可以用于农业、灌溉、旅游和园林绿化。A. dry烘干；B. clean打扫干净；C. feed喂养；D. store储存。根据下文“so that it can then be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”可知，这些水被储存起来，用于农业、灌溉、旅游和园林绿化。故选D。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese comedy focusing on the lives of walk-on actors has been screened in cinemas across the country on the first day of the Chinese Lunar New Year ____41____ an inspiration for audiences, ____42____ (show) respect for the less famous members of society.
The inspirational comedy Too Cool To Kill, featuring popular Chinese comedy actress Ma Li, tells ____43____ story of a walk-on actor named Wei Chenggong who ____44____ (give) a chance to play the main character in a new movie but ____45____ (accident) falls into a trap set by a group of gangsters.
“I hope this movie can bring more hope to the dream chasers, just like our main character Wei, and it will bring joy to us all,” said director Xing Wenxiong. “We all have our own script, ____46____ is life, and we need to be the captain of our own ship.”
____47____ (impress) by the jokes and rich storyline in the movie, many reviewers praised it after test screenings across the country. “This is a movie worth ____48____ (watch) with the family during Spring Festival, as the story gives a full ____49____ (describe) of what family love is,” said one reviewer on social media. “I think Wei Chenggong can refer to every ordinary person who is making an effort to get by while chasing their dreams. We might be small people but we get _____50_____ (strong) when we’re trying to reach our dreams,” said another.
【答案】41．as
42．showing
43．the
44．is given
45．accidentally
46．which
47．Impressed
48．watching
49．description
50．stronger
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述社会各界对励志喜剧电影《这个杀手不太冷静》的评价。
41．
考查介词。句意：在中国农历新年的第一天，全国各地的电影院上映了一部关于临时演员生活的中国喜剧，以激励观众，向社会上不太出名的演员们表示敬意。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要表示“作为”的意思的介词，后面跟名词an inspiration作宾语。故填as。
42．
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处及之后内容在句中为状语，句子主语A Chinese comedy与动词show为主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式表示主动。故填showing。
43．
考查冠词。句意：这部励志喜剧《这个杀手不太冷静》由中国著名喜剧演员马丽主演，讲述了一个名叫魏成功的临时演员有机会在一部新电影中扮演主角，却意外落入一群黑帮设下的陷阱的故事。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格后面story是可数名词单数形式，名词后有定语of a walk-on actor named Wei Chenggong who __4__ (give) a chance to play the main character in a new movie but __5__ (accident) falls into a trap set by a group of gangsters.修饰，表示特指，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
44．
考查时态和语态。句意同上。分析句子可知，空白处为who引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，动词give和主语who是被动的关系，句子描述的是电影中的故事情节，所以用一般现在时，主语who指代先行词Wei Chenggong，所以be动词用单数is。故填is given。
45．
考查副词。句意同上。根据句子结构可知，空格处是副词，修饰后面的动词falls。故填accidentally。
46．
考查定语从句。句意：我们都有自己的剧本，就是生活，我们需要成为自己船的船长。分析句子结构可知，__6__ is life是非限制性定语从句，先行词是script，在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。
47．
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多评论家由于被电影中的笑话和丰富的故事情节留下来深刻的印象，所以电影在全国各地试映后，他们都对它大加赞赏。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格处要用非谓语动词，impress和句子主语many reviewers是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词，表示被动。故填Impressed。
48．
考查非谓语动词。句意：社交媒体上的一位评论者说，“这是一部值得一家人在春节期间观看的电影，因为这个故事充分描述了什么是家庭之爱。”分析句子结构可知，这里是用动名词用介词worth的宾语，是主动形式表示被动的意思，构成be worth doing的结构，表示“……值得被做”的意思。故填watching。
49．
考查名词。句意同上。根据句子结构可知，空格前有不定冠词a和形容词full，所以空格处要用可数名词单数形式，作动词gives的宾语。故填description。
50．
考查形容词比较级。句意：“我们可能是小人物，但是当我们试图实现我们的梦想时，我们会变得更强。”另一个人说。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要strong的比较级，强调小人物在不同时期的态度的对比。故填stronger。
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My grandmother is 89 years old. She had never used a mobile phone until she received it for her birthday this year. Since then, she has addicted to the Internet, used different kinds of software applications on her mobile device. She spends a plenty of time each day exploring websites and chatting with other people online. Instead of going to supermarket, nowadays she just presses a button and then her orders are delivered the next day. At first, my father has some doubt whether she was spending too much time in the virtual world, and now he sees how happy she is. She even downloads some materials what can help my father with his work, so now he’s very happy, too! We are all proud with her as she has proven that it’s never very late to learn a new skill.
【答案】1. it→one 2. 在has后加been 3. used→using 4. 去掉a 5. supermarket→supermarkets 6. has→had 7. and→but 8. what→that 9. with→of 10. very→too
【解析】
【导语】
本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者89岁的奶奶用智能手机的故事。
【详解】
1.考查代词。句意：她从来没有用过移动电话，直到今年她的生日，她才收到一个。及物动词used后面的宾语用代词，代替上文提到的a mobile phone这一类中的一个，所以用表示泛指的one来代替，it是指代上文提到的同一个。故将it改为one。
2.考查谓语动词。句意：从那时起，她就沉迷于网络，在她的移动设备上使用了不同的软件应用程序。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词addict和句子主语she是被动的关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动结构。故在has后加been。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：见第2题详解。分析句子结构可知，动词use是做非谓语，是句子she主语主动发出的动作，所以用现在分词形式做状语。故将used改为using。
4.考查固定短语。句意：她每天花大量时间浏览网站，与其他人在网上聊天。plenty of是固定短语，表示“许多，大量”的意思。故将a去掉。
5.考查名词的数。句意：现在她不去超市了，只要按一下按钮，第二天就会收到订单。supermarket是可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以要用复数形式，表示泛指。故将supermarket改为supermarkets。
6.考查时态。句意：一开始，我父亲有点怀疑，她是不是在虚拟世界里花了太多时间，现在他看到了她有多快乐。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，所以谓语要用一般过去时。故将has改为had。
7.考查连词。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子上下文意思可知，前后2个小分句之间是转折的关系。故将and改成but。
8.考查定语从句。句意：她甚至下载了一些可以帮助我父亲的工作的材料，所以现在他也很高兴！分析句子结构和意思可知，can help my father with his work是定语从句，先行词materials在从句中做主语，指物，前面有不定代词some修饰，所以只能用that引导定语从句。故将what改成that。
9.考查固定短语。句意：我们都为她感到骄傲，因为她证明了学习新技能永远不会太晚而不能学。be proud of是固定短语，表示“为……感到骄傲”的意思。故将with改为of。
10.考查固定搭配。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要固定搭配too…to do…表示“太……而不能”的意思。故将very改成too。
六、开放性作文
52．最近你在某英文报纸上读到一篇文章，文中说道，虽然现在的生活条件越来越好，青少年的快乐却少了。请你就此话题写一篇短文，表达你的想法，内容包括；
1. 导致该现象的原因；
2. 提出相应的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节。以使行文连贯；
3. 文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Recently, I have read an article about the mental state of teenagers, which said that
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Recently, I have read an article about the mental state of teenagers, which said that despite better living conditions, teenagers are becoming unhappier.
Why are teenagers unhappier? For one thing, teenagers have more difficulty in getting along with others for lack of time, which makes them feel lonely. For another, they suffer from too much pressure of study, causing them easier to be depressed.
Therefore, action must be taken to improve it. To begin with, teenagers should be encouraged to take activities to form harmonious interpersonal relationship. Besides, parents need to listen to their children more, which can show respect and promote understanding. I am convinced that with our joint efforts, the situation will be gradually improved.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于开放式作文。最近你在某英文报纸上读到一篇文章，文中说道，虽然现在的生活条件越来越好，青少年的快乐却少了。请你就此话题写一篇短文，表达你的想法。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
尽管：despite→in spite of
做某事有困难：have difficulty in doing sth.→have trouble in doing sth.
导致：cause→lead to
因此：therefore→hence
2.句式拓展
原句：For another, they suffer from too much pressure of study, causing them easier to be depressed.
拓展句：For another, they suffer from too much pressure of study, which causes them easier to be depressed.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Recently, I have read an article about the mental state of teenagers, which said that despite better living conditions, teenagers are becoming unhappier.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I am convinced that with our joint efforts, the situation will be gradually improved.（运用了that引导宾语从句）