2022届辽宁省葫芦岛市高三下学期二模英语卷含答案

这是一份2022届辽宁省葫芦岛市高三下学期二模英语卷含答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，推荐信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022届辽宁省葫芦岛市高三下学期二模英语卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Great Books Summer Program delivers excellent preparation for seminar-style college classes and the SAT critical thinking section. We are thrilled to announce Summer 2022 On-Campus programs are returning. Enrollment is open. Make your plans today!
Program 1: Great Books & Writer’s Workshop at Pepperdine University
Malibu, CA
For Rising Grades 6 — 8 and Grades 9 — 12
One and Two-Week Programs
Choose the one-week Seminar and Discussion program. Select Writer’s
Workshop for students eager to explore the art of creative writing. Or, stay for both!
One-week Tuition: $2695
Two-week Tuition: $5390
Program 2: Great Books & Writer’s Workshop at Amherst College
Amherst, MA
For Rising Grades6 — 8 and Grades9 — 12
One and Two-Week Programs
We will be offering Seminar and Discussion programs and a Writer’s Workshop for students eager to explore the art of writing in all forms.
One-week Tuition: $2495
Two week Tuition: $4990
Program 3: Great Books at Stanford University
Stanford, CA
For Rising Grades 6 — 8 and Grades 9 — 12
One and Two-Week Programs
Young people gather to experience reading and life at Stanford University. Join us for one week or two of Great Books Seminar and Discussion programs!
One-week Tuition: $2995
Two- week Tuition: $5990
Program 4: A Tall Ship Adventure
For Rising Grades 9 — 12
Sail from Bangor to Porland, ME
One Week Program
Great Books is excited to announce the second year of Tales of the Sea: a Tall Ship Adventure. This program for high school student marries the study or maritime literature with living and learning to sail.
Time will be split between seminar and discussion and sailing education with visits to coastal islands.
One-week Tuition: $2995

Note: All on-campus programs have Materials & Events fees of $225 for one week and $475 for two.
1．How much does an applicant pay in total for a one-week program at Stanford University?
A．$2995. B．$3220. C．$3470. D．$5990.
2．Which program will you choose if you want to do outdoor practice?
A．Great Books & Writer’s Workshop at Pepperdine University.
B．Great Books & Writer’s Workshop at Amherst College.
C．Great Books at Stanford University.
D．A Tall Ship Adventure.
3．What do the four on-campus programs have in common?
A．They offer seminar-style classes. B．They prepare students for the SAT test.
C．They are designed for junior high students. D．They aim to promote students’ writing skills.
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Great Books Summer Program的四个校园课程，包括课程地点、内容和费用等。
1．
细节理解题。根据“Program 3: Great Books at Stanford University”部分中“One-week Tuition: $2995(一周学费：2995美元)”和“Young people gather to experience reading and life at Stanford University. (年轻人聚集在斯坦福大学体验阅读和生活)”可知，申请者在斯坦福大学为期一周的课程需要支付的费用为2995美元且这项课程为校内课程，再根据最后一段内容“All on-campus programs have Materials & Events fees of $225 for one week and $475 for two.(所有校内课程的材料和活动费用为一周225美元，两周475美元)”可知，参在为期一周的校内课程还需要支付材料和活动费用225美元。由此可知，申请者在斯坦福大学为期一周的课程总共需要支付的费用是3220美元。故选B项。
2．
细节理解题。根据“Program 4: A Tall Ship Adventure”部分中“This program for high school students marries the study of maritime literature with living and learning to sail. Time will be split between seminar and discussion and sailing education with visits to coastal islands.(这项针对高中生的课程将海洋文学研究与航海生活和学习结合起来。时间将分为研讨会和讨论、航海教育和访问沿海岛屿)”可知，在第四个课程中包括访问沿海岛屿，这是户外活动。由此可推断出，如果你想做户外练习，你会选择第四个课程，即A Tall Ship Adventure。故选D项。
3．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Great Books Summer Program delivers excellent preparation for seminar-style college classes and the SAT critical thinking section.(Great Books Summer Program为研讨班式大学课程和SAT批判性思维部分提供了出色的准备)”可知，Great Books Summer Program的四个校园课程都在为研讨班式大学课程和SAT批判性思维部分提供准备。由此可知，这四个校园课程的共同点是它们为学生参加SAT考试做准备。故选B项。
Max Woosey, an l1-year-old from the United Kingdom, has spent his time during COVID-19 doing something pretty meaningful. He slept in a tent for over 500 nights in a row. And he did this not only because he loves the outdoors but in service to others.
Max’s father is a Royal Marine (皇家海军陆战队员), so he has courage and love for outdoor activities in his blood. Max’s family was looking after their neighbor, Rick, who was dying of cancer. Before Rick passed away he gave Max a tent and had him promise to have an adventure.
So, after Rick died, Max had an idea. He decided to raise money for Devon Hospice (救济院), which cared for Rick in his final days. When the first lockdown happened, Max had realized that much of the hospice’s fundraising (筹资) also came to a stop. But outside the hospice, a number of people were waiting for help. So Max set a goal to raise 100 pounds by camping out in his front garden.
On March 29th, 2020, Max started his camping adventure in, Rick’s tent. As he passed hundreds of days camping out, he attracted national attention from the media and even the Prime Minister, who later paid him a visit. More people have donated to Devon Hospice.
Now, 500 days later, he is still camping! Through storms, rain, high winds and cold, he stuck to it. The lessons his dad taught him from the Royal Marines, to never give up, show kindness, honesty and try hard helped support him in tough times.
In all, Max has raised more than 750 000 pounds for Devon Hospice! This made up for about half of the donations they had lost for the year! Max even organized a huge camp at his school playground to show people what children can achieve if they all work together.
4．What made Max decide to raise money for Devon Hospice?
A．Government’s requirement. B．His father’s influence.
C．Rick’s death. D．Devon Hospice’s instruction.
5．Which of the following is Max’s achievement?
A．Arousing more public concern for Devon Hospice.
B．Being awarded a medal by the Prime Minister.
C．Improving the reputation of Devon Hospice.
D．Starting a worldwide camping activity.
6．What can we infer about Devon Hospice?
A．It used to raise about 1.5 million pounds a year.
B．It received more donations during COVID-19.
C．It was specially built for cancer sufferers.
D．It helped Max go through difficult camping times.
7．Which of the following can best describe Max?
A．Active and easy-going. B．Kind and strong-minded.
C．Humorous and considerate. D．Clever and aggressive.
【答案】4．C
5．A
6．A
7．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一个男孩Max为一家救济院筹钱的故事。
4．
细节理解题。由第三段“So, after Rick died, Max had an idea. He decided to raise money for Devon Hospice (救济院), which cared for Rick in his final days.”（所以，在瑞克死后，麦克斯有了一个主意。他决定为德文临终关怀机构筹集资金，该机构在瑞克的最后几天照顾着他。）可知，Rick的死去使他开始筹钱。故选C项。
5．
细节理解题。由第四段“As he passed hundreds of days camping out, he attracted national attention from the media and even the Prime Minister, who later paid him a visit.”（他在户外露营了数百天，引起了全国媒体甚至总理的关注，总理后来也拜访了他。）可知，Max的做法赢得了大家对Devon Hospice的关注。故选A项。
6．
推理判断题。由尾段“In all, Max has raised more than 750 000 pounds for Devon Hospice! This made up for about half of the donations they had lost for the year!”（总之，Max为Devon Hospice筹集了超过750 000英镑！这弥补了他们一年中损失的捐款的一半左右！）可知，Devon Hospice半年筹钱75万，一年筹钱150万。故选A项。
7．
推理判断题。由第五段“Now, 500 days later, he is still camping! Through storms, rain, high winds and cold, he stuck to it.”（现在，500天过去了，他还在露营！经历了暴风雨、大风和寒冷，他坚持了下来。）可知，Max为Devon Hospice筹钱，所以他很善良，他无论风霜雨雪都在筹钱，所以他很坚持。故选B项。
We need a varied diet, and one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. The proof may be in the Mediterranean diet, which contains a lot of fruit, vegetables and healthy fats. “Eating a traditional Mediterranean diet means you consume different nutrients and phytonutrients,” says Francesco Sofi of the University of Florence. Phytonutrients are small chemical compounds produced by plants that help us digest larger nutrients.
Really, he adds, the colors of the Mediterranean diet are no different to other vegetable-based diets. There’ re thus other reasons why it is among the healthiest. For example, Mediterranean populations traditionally boil, rather than fry, their vegetables, which preserves nutrients, Sofi says.
The health benefits of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables on our brain and heart are among the most consistent findings within nutrition science, says Deanna Minich of the University of Western States in Portland, Oregon. Plant foods contain thousands of phytonutrients.
According to Tian-shin Yeh of Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, eating a colorful diet can help people avoid possible side effects of eating too much of one food. “Research has found that orange juice can reduce the risk of cognitive decline, but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says.
Minich argues that the rainbow diet isn’t limited to fruit and vegetables, but includes other natural foods, such as herbs, spices, nuts, seeds, and even tea. She also considers white food as part of the rainbow diet, including tofu. Eating various colors could mean we eat more fruit and vegetables overall.
There’ re other ways to get a range of nutrients and phytonutrients from your diet, researchers say. One study found that participants who ate bitter and strong tasting vegetables over 12 weeks had lower blood pressure and blood sugar. It’s also important to consider which parts of the plant you’re eating, says Yeh. “The nutritional values for cabbage and turnip aren’t that similar because one is the leaf and the other one is the root part of the plant,” she says.
8．What else makes the Mediterranean diet healthy besides its rich content?
A．Its easy availability. B．Its appealing colors.
C．Its ways of cooking. D．Its easily being absorbed.
9．What’s a good way to get nutrients and phytonutrients from a diet besides color?
A．Paying attention to taste. B．Eating all parts of a plant.
C．Eating seasonally and locally. D．Combining different diets every day.
10．How does the author develop the text?
A．By listing health benefits of the rainbow diet. B．By providing viewpoints of different experts.
C．By explaining the processes of related studies. D．By introducing the popularity of the rainbow diet.
11．What might be the best title for the text?
A．What colorful food is the healthiest? B．How should we eat colorful food in life?
C．Where can we get healthy colorful food? D．Why is eating colorful food good for you?
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．B
11．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。研究人员普遍认为，我们需要多样化的饮食，其中一种方法就是吃多种颜色的彩虹饮食。文章解释了其原因以及三名专家的观点。
8．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“For example, Mediterranean populations traditionally boil, rather than fry, their vegetables, which preserves nutrients, Sofi says.(例如，地中海居民传统上是煮蔬菜，而不是油炸，这样可以保存营养，索菲说)”可知，地中海饮食被认为很健康的原因是其烹饪方式：水煮。故选C。
9．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There’ re other ways to get a range of nutrients and phytonutrients from your diet, researchers say. One study found that participants who ate bitter and strong tasting vegetables over 12 weeks had lower blood pressure and blood sugar.(研究人员说，还有其他方法可以从你的饮食中获得一系列营养和植物营养素。一项研究发现，超过12周食用苦味和味道强烈的蔬菜的参与者有较低的血压和血糖)”可知，人们还可以通过改变食物口味来丰富饮食中的营养。故选A。
10．
推理判断题。根据第一段中““Eating a traditional Mediterranean diet means you consume different nutrients and phytonutrients,” says Francesco Sofi of the University of Florence.(“传统的地中海饮食意味着你摄入不同的营养和植物营养素，”佛罗伦萨大学的Francesco Sofi说)”；第三段中“The health benefits of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables on our brain and heart are among the most consistent findings within nutrition science, says Deanna Minich of the University of Western States in Portland, Oregon.(富含水果和蔬菜的饮食对我们大脑和心脏的健康益处是营养科学中最一致的发现之一，俄勒冈州波特兰的西部州立大学的迪安娜·米尼奇说)”以及第四段中“According to Tian-shin Yeh of Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, eating a colorful diet can help people avoid possible side effects of eating too much of one food.(哈佛大学公共卫生学院的Tian-shin Yeh表示，丰富多彩的饮食可以帮助人们避免吃过多一种食物可能产生的副作用)”可知，本文为了说明地中海式饮食的健康引用了三个专家的观点。故选B。
11．
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“We need a varied diet, and one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. The proof may be in the Mediterranean diet, which contains a lot of fruit, vegetables and healthy fats.(我们需要多样化的饮食，其中一个方法就是吃彩虹中所有的颜色。地中海饮食可能就是证明，它含有大量的水果、蔬菜和健康脂肪)”结合本文主要介绍地中海式饮食为什么被认为是健康的。故D选项“为什么吃五颜六色的食物对你有好处？”最符合文章标题。故选D。
Everyone has a phone in their pocket nowadays, but how often do we really use them for their original purpose — to make a call? Telephone culture is disappearing. What brought us to this moment, and what are its effects?
“No one picks up the phone anymore,” wrote Alex C. Madrigal on The Atlantic. “The reflex (习惯性动作) of answering — built so deeply into people who grew up in 20th-century telephonic culture — is gone.”
The shift is of course due in large part to more communication options: Texting with photos, videos, emojis, reaction Gifs, links and even voice messages can be a more attractive option.
Texting is light and fun, not nearly as demanding of your attention as a phone call. It can also be done with multiple people at the same time. Social media, email and video calls have also eaten away at traditional phone calls.
In recent years, another reason has caused people to ignore phone calls completely: robocalls. Robocalls are automated messages from organizations verifying (核实) your phone number or telemarketers trying to sell something. Americans received 22.8 billion robocalls halfway through 2020, equaling an annual rate of 45.6 billion, slightly below 2018 numbers, according to You-Mail, a robocall protection service and blocking app.
As telephone culture disappears, what is the loss of a singular family phone doing to the family unit? Early landline phones unified family members, whereas mobile phones isolate (使隔绝) them.
“The shared family phone served as an anchor (给以安全感的物品) for home,” said Luke Fernandez, a Weber State University computer-science professor and co-author of Bored, Lonely, Angry, Stupid: Feelings About Technology, From the Telegraph to Twitter. With smartphones, “we have gained mobility and privacy. But the value of the home has been diminished, as has its capacity to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps bind families more closely together,” Femandez said.
Of course, as technology progresses, lives always change for better or for worse. With the loss of telephone culture, families will need to find other ways to unite.
12．What has caused the traditional telephone to lose its appeal according to the text?
A．People’s addiction to social media. B．People’s preference for robocalls.
C．People’s growing need for privacy. D．People’s wide range of communication choices.
13．What does the underlined word “diminished” in the last but one paragraph probably mean?
A．Reduced. B．Strengthened.
C．Instructed. D．Inherited.
14．What does Luke Fernandez point out?
A．Smartphones tie families together.
B．The use of mobile phones has affected family bonds.
C．Smartphones help people monitor family behavior.
D．The value of home depends on how phones are used.
15．What does the article mainly talk about?
A．The past and future of telephones.
B．The development of communication tools.
C．The downfall of traditional telephone culture.
D．The relation between phone use and family bonds.
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．B
15．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电话文化正在消失，并分析了电话文化消失背后的原因以及影响。
12．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The shift is of course due in large part to more communication options: Texting with photos, videos, emojis, reaction gifs, links and even voice messages can be a more attractive option.”（当然，这种转变在很大程度上是由于人们有了更多的交流方式：照片、视频、表情符号、动图、链接甚至语音短信都会是更有吸引力的选择。）可知，正是因为人们有了更多的交流方式可供选择，所以传统的电话失去其对人们的吸引力，D项符合题意。故选D项。
13．
词义猜测题。A. Reduced减轻；B. Strengthened加强；C. Instructed指导；D. Inherited继承。划线单词所在句子的前一句“With smartphones, we have gained mobility and privacy.”（有了智能手机，我们体验到了手机在移动性和隐私方面带来的优点。）讲的是智能手机的优点，随后的连词“but”说明划线单词所在句子与前一句之间是转折关系，所以划线单词所在句子讲的是智能手机的缺点，缺点是减轻了家庭价值，A项符合题意。故选A项。
14．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“‘The shared family phone served as an anchor (给以安全感的物品) for home,’ said Luke Fernandez.”（“共享家庭电话充当了给以安全感的物品。”卢克·费尔南德斯说。）和该段的最后两句“With smartphones, ‘we have gained mobility and privacy. But the value of the home has been diminished, as has its ability to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps bond families more closely together,’ Fernandez said.”（费尔南德斯说：“有了智能手机，我们体验到了手机在移动性和隐私方面带来的优点。但是家的价值已经减轻了，而家的价值是能够引导和监控家庭行为的，也许还能把家庭更紧密地联系在一起。”）可知，家庭价值能够引导和监控家庭行为，也许还能把家庭更紧密地联系在一起，而手机的使用削弱了家的价值，从而削弱了家庭行为的引导和监控和家庭联系的紧密程度。也就是说，手机的使用已经影响了家庭关系。故选B项。
15．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Of course, as technology progresses, lives always change for better or for worse. With the loss of telephone culture, families will need to find other ways to unite.”（当然，随着科技的进步，生活总是变得更美好或变得更糟糕。随着电话文化的丧失，人们需要去寻求其他方式来联结家庭。）可知，前文讲述人们有了更多的交流选择，使得传统电话失去了其对人们的吸引力。这种变化同样使得人们需要去寻求其他方式来联结家庭。所以，本文主要讲述的是传统电话文化的衰落。故选C项。
二、七选五
Trust is important to life. Trust affects how you see the world, how safe you feel and how you approach new people and situations. It affects whether you are willing to go the extra mile for a friend, relative, co-worker, even someone you’ve never met. If trust levels are high, you will feel relaxed and accepted. ___16___ Here is a checklist for you to build trust in your personal life.
Learn to determine who deserves your trust. The unfortunate fact is that not everyone can be trusted. It is not a good idea to trust everyone your meet or share personal information about yourself too freely. ___17___ Check out the person’s story and background if possible. Watch for signs that someone may not be trustworthy, such as avoiding your eye contact or making conflicting statements.
___18___ You build strong relationships by being a trustworthy listener. When someone shares their personal information, don’t share it with others. If a friend or relative tells you something personal about marriage, or co-worker shares something private about a work issue, resist the urge to tell others about these private conversations.
Be honest. Honesty is the basis of any relationship. Be true to your words and keep your promises. Share honest information, even if it’s to your disadvantage. Don’t hide things from those you want to build a relationship, and don’t lie. ___19___
Work at building trust when there is a problem. When there are disappointments, the only way to regain lost trust is to work at it. If you feel betrayed or taken advantage of, talk with the person who lets you down. ___20___ The longer you wait to talk about a problem, the bigger the misunderstanding becomes. Find small ways to trust the person again. When you see small commitments being met over time, it’s easier to believe that the lager ones will be met, too. Be realistic and know that it can take a long way to rebuild trust.
A．Keep tight-lipped.
B．Don’t hesitate to do it.
C．Don’t blame for what he has done.
D．Remember not to cover up a mistake.
E．Use your own judgment to recognize whom to trust.
F．Trust levels for relationship stay very very low.
G．If they are low, you are likely to feel uncomfortable and defensive.
【答案】16．G
17．E
18．A
19．D
20．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以帮助你在个人生活中建立信任的几个方法。
16．
根据前文“If trust levels are high, you will feel relaxed and accepted.(如果信任度高，你会感到轻松和被接受。）”和后文介绍的建立信任的方法可知，空处应该介绍的另一个相反情况的表现，信任度不高会有的表现。G选项“If they are low, you are likely to feel uncomfortable and defensive. (如果情绪低落，你可能会感到不舒服和有戒心。）”符合题意，故选G。
17．
根据前文“Learn to determine who deserves your trust(学会确定谁值得你信任。）”可知，本段介绍的是要自己学会判断一个人是否值得信任。E选项“Use your own judgment to recognize whom to trust. (用你自己的判断来判断谁可以信任。）”符合题意，故选E。
18．
根据后文“When someone shares their personal information, don’t share it with others. (当别人分享他们的个人信息时，不要和别人分享。）”可知，本段介绍的是要学会保守秘密。A选项“Keep tight-lipped. (保持守口如瓶。）”符合题意，故选A。
19．
根据前文“Don’t hide things from those you want to build a relationship, and don’t lie. (不要对那些你想建立关系的人隐瞒事情，不要撒谎。）”可知，本段介绍的是待人真诚，不隐瞒，不掩盖。D选项“Remember not to cover up a mistake. (记住不要掩盖错误。）”符合题意，故选D。
20．
根据前文“If you feel betrayed or taken advantage of, talk with the person who lets you down.(如果你感到被背叛或被利用，和让你失望的人谈谈。)”和后文“The longer you wait to talk about a problem, the bigger the misunderstanding becomes. (你等待谈论问题的时间越长，误解就会越大。）”可知，这里介绍的是问题要尽早解决，不要拖沓。B选项“Don’t hesitate to do it. (不要犹豫去做。）”符合题意，故选B。
三、完形填空
While I was riding a bike, I noticed a man about half a mile in front of me. He was traveling at a lower speed, so I decided to ____21____ him. I had about a mile to go on the road before turning off.
I started ____22____ faster and faster. And every block, I gradually closed the distance. Finally, I ____23____ him and passed him by. I felt like a winner, ____24____ he seemed unaware that we were in a ____25____.
After I passed him, I realized that I had been so ____26____ on competing against him that I had missed my ____27____, had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around.
Isn’t that what ____28____ in life? We spend most of our time ____29____ with neighbors, friends and family, trying to _____30_____ them, or trying to outdo them — while there was never a competition in the first place.
We use most of our time and energy in competitions, where we miss out our own paths to our _____31_____.
Unhealthy competition is a continuous process and a never-ending cycle. No matter what you do, someone will always be _____32_____ you; someone with a better job, a nice car and more money.
So stop doing that! Just feel _____33_____ for what life has offered you. Stay concentrated on your _____34_____, and live a healthy life. There’s no competition in destiny. _____35_____ your own race of life and wish others well!
21．A．remind B．pass C．approach D．follow
22．A．running B．driving C．walking D．cycling
23．A．caught up with B．put up with C．kept with D．came up with
24．A．when B．as C．because D．while
25．A．test B．project C．race D．task
26．A．focused B．depended C．affected D．impressed
27．A．target B．turn C．block D．appointment
28．A．happens B．remains C．offers D．works
29．A．celebrating B．communicating C．arguing D．competing
30．A．encourage B．help C．defeat D．please
31．A．college B．destination C．business D．competition
32．A．next to B．behind C．around D．ahead of
33．A．beautiful B．grateful C．careful D．successful
34．A．advantage B．competitor C．position D．challenge
35．A．Live B．Drive C．Run D．Ride
【答案】21．B
22．D
23．A
24．D
25．C
26．A
27．B
28．A
29．D
30．C
31．B
32．D
33．B
34．A
35．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲由作者和别人比赛超车而引发对生活的的感悟。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以较低的速度行驶，所以我决定超越他。A. remind提醒；B. pass通过；C. approach走近；D. follow跟随。由后文“passed him by”可知，作者想“超过”他。故选B项。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始骑自行车越来越快。A. running跑步；B. driving驾驶；C. walking步行；D. cycling骑自行车。由前文“riding a bike”可知，作者应是“骑自行车”越来越快。故选D项。
23．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我赶上了他，从他身边经过。A. caught up with赶上；B. put up with忍受；C. kept with陪伴；D. came up with想出。由后文“ passed him by”可知，作者应是先“追上”然后再超过。故选A项。
24．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己像个胜利者，而他似乎不知道我们在比赛中。A. when当；B. as随着；C. because因为；D. while然而（表对比）。由前文“felt like a winner”和后文“he seemed unaware”可知，前后之间为对比关系。故选D项。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. test测试；B. project项目；C. race比赛；D. task任务。由后文“competing against him”可知，作者认为他们在“比赛”，然后他却没有意识到。故选C项。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我一直在全神贯注地与他比赛，以至于错过了我的转弯，过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头。A. focused集中注意力；B. depended依赖；C. affected受影响；D. impressed印象深刻。由后文“missed”可知，作者如此“集中注意力”比赛以至于忘了转弯了。故选A项。
27．
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. target目标；B. turn转弯；C. block街区；D. appointment预约。由后文“had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around”可知，作者忘记“转弯”了。故选B项。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不是生活中发生的事吗？A. happens发生；B. remains保留；C. offers提供；D. works工作。由后文“trying to outdo them”可知，和别人比赛的事情也“发生”在我们生活中。故选A项。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都花在与邻居、朋友和家人竞争上，试图击败他们，或者试图在一开始没有竞争的时候胜过他们。A. celebrating庆祝；B. communicating交流；C. arguing争论；D. competing比赛，竞争。由后文“trying to outdo them”可知，我们在和他们“比赛”。故选D项。
30．
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. encourage鼓励；B. help帮助；C. defeat击败；D. please使……满意。由后文“ trying to outdo them”可知，我们在努力“打败”或者胜过他们。故选C项。
31．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把大部分时间和精力用在比赛中，我们错过了自己通往目的地的道路。A. college学院；B. destination目的地；C. business商业；D. competition竞赛。由前文“had gone nearly six blocks past it”可知，作者专注于比赛以至于忘了转弯，而我们在与别人比赛中也会忘记自己的“目的地”。故选B项。
32．
考查介词词义和短语辨析。句意：无论你做什么，总会有人走在你的前面；有更好的工作、一辆好车和更多钱的人。A. next to紧挨着；B. behind后面；C. around在……周围；D. ahead of前面。由后文“someone with a better job, a nice car and more money.”可知，有人总会在你“前面”，比你过得好。故选D项。
33．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以别再这样了！只是对生活给予你的东西感到感激。A. beautiful美丽的；B. grateful感激的；C. careful细心的；D. successful成功的。由后文“life has offered you”可知，我们应该停止比赛，学会对生活充满“感激”。故选B项。
34．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：专注于你的优势，过健康的生活。A. advantage优势；B. competitor竞争对手；C. position位置；D. challenge挑战。由后文“live a healthy life”以及结合选项可知，我们应注重发展自己的“优势”，过健康生活。故选A项。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：命运中没有竞争。跑自己的人生之路，祝他人一切顺利！A. Live生活；B. Drive行驶；C. Run跑；D. Ride骑行。由后文“race of life”可知，我们应“跑”自己的人生之路。故选C项。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Crew members aboard China’s Tiangong space station will live stream their public lecture on science and space in the near future. It is the second time that the Shenzhou-13 astronauts ___36___(deliver) the public lecture to students.” the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced on Tuesday.
On Dec 9, 2021, the first lecture in the “Tiangong Class” ___37___ (give) by the Shenzhou-13 astronauts to ___38___ total of 1,420 students from five classrooms across China via live video streaming, ___39___ is designed to encourage young people to develop their interest in manned space night and ___40___ (explore). In class, the astronauts became the “teachers in space”, ___41___ (interact) with students, especially teenagers.
“The content of the upcoming lecture has been selected from the opinions and suggestions ___42___ (collect) from the public, and has been well designed ___43___ line with facility conditions on the country’s space station,” said the CMSA.
“With the progress of the manned spaceflight mission, the ‘Tiangong Class’ will ___44___ (specific) introduce a series of classes focusing on the construction of the Chinese space station and ___45___ (it) in-orbit operation,” the CMSA said.
【答案】36．have delivered
37．was given
38．a
39．which
40．exploration
41．interacting
42．collected
43．in
44．specifically
45．its
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了“天宫课堂”将举行第二次太空授课。
36．
考查时态。句意：这是神舟十三号宇航员第二次给学生们做公开演讲。It is the second time that从句中用现在完成时态，主语the Shenzhou-13 astronauts复数，谓语复数形式。故填have delivered。
37．
考查时态语态。句意：2021年12月9日，神舟13号航天员“天宫班”首次通过直播视频向来自全国5个教室的1420名学生进行讲座，旨在鼓励年轻人培养对载人航天之夜和探索的兴趣。时间状语是On Dec 9, 2021，用一般过去时，“讲座”和“给（give）”是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the first lecture单数，谓语单数形式。故填was given。
38．
考查不定冠词。句意：2021年12月9日，神舟13号航天员“天宫班”首次通过直播视频向来自全国5个教室的1420名学生进行讲座，旨在鼓励年轻人培养对载人航天之夜和探索的兴趣。a total of表示“总计”。故填a。
39．
考查定语从句关系词。句意：2021年12月9日，神舟13号航天员“天宫班”首次通过直播视频向来自全国5个教室的1420名学生进行讲座，旨在鼓励年轻人培养对载人航天之夜和探索的兴趣。指代前面一件事，非限制性定语从句缺主语，用which引导定语从句。故填which。
40．
考查名词。句意：2021年12月9日，神舟13号航天员“天宫班”首次通过直播视频向来自全国5个教室的1420名学生进行讲座，旨在鼓励年轻人培养对载人航天之夜和探索的兴趣。and前后并列两个名词，故填exploration。
41．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在课堂上，宇航员成为了“太空老师”，与学生，尤其是青少年互动。“宇航员”和“互动（interact）”是主动关系，这里是现在分词作状语。故填interacting。
42．
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国航天局表示：“即将到来的讲座内容是从公众的意见和建议中选择的，并与我国空间站的设施条件相符合。”建议和收集（collect）是被动关系，这里是过去分词作后置定语。故填collected。
43．
考查介词。句意：中国航天局表示：“即将到来的讲座内容是从公众的意见和建议中选择的，并与我国空间站的设施条件相符合。”固定短语in line with表示“和……一致”。故填in。
44．
考查副词。句意：中国航天局表示：“随着载人航天飞行任务的进展，‘天宫级’将具体推出一系列课程，重点介绍中国空间站的建设及其在轨运行。”副词修饰动词introduce，作状语。故填specifically。
45．
考查代词。句意：中国航天局表示：“随着载人航天飞行任务的进展，‘天宫级’将具体推出一系列课程，重点介绍中国空间站的建设及其在轨运行。”这里是形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
五、推荐信
46．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Steve对中国美食很感兴趣，他想让你推荐一种中国传统美食。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 推荐的美食；2. 推荐的理由；3. 希望有机会来中国品尝美食。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Steve,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Steve,
Knowing that you’re interested in Chinese food, I'd like to recommend you dumplings.
The factors for my recommendation are as follows. Considered as a Chinese cultural symbol, dumplings are a kind of traditional food loved by people almost everywhere China. Dumplings are easy to make and they are delicious. What usually goes inside dumplings is cabbage and pork or something else. Most importantly homemade dumplings are often associated with homesickness, as flavors and fillings vary from family to family.
I hope you can come to China to taste Chinese food some day.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，向英国笔友推荐一种中国传统美食。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
重要地：importantly→significantly
因素：factor→element
认为：consider→regard
符号：symbol→sign
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Considered as a Chinese cultural symbol, dumplings are a kind of traditional food loved by people almost everywhere China.
拓展句：Dumplings are a kind of traditional food loved by people almost everywhere China, which are considered as a Chinese cultural symbol.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] What usually goes inside dumplings is cabbage and pork or something else.(运用了what引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2] Most importantly homemade dumplings are often associated with homesickness, as flavors and fillings vary from family to family.(运用了as引导的原因状语从句)
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When a tornado hit a small town nearby, many families were left homeless. Afterward, all the local newspapers carried stories of the families who suffered the hardest to appeal to people’s attention and assistance.
One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old. stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article below gave clothing sizes closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven-year-old twins. Brad and Brett, and three-year-old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves.
“We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing.” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them,” I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them in the living room. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys.
The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too.” I said to the little Meghan.
Para. 1:
“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them,” Meghan turned to me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para. 2:
Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them,” Meghan turned to me. “Oh, honey,” I said. “You don't have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan nodded seriously, eyes glistening with tears. “Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she'll make that little girl happy, too.” She paused in front of the box that held the toys, pressed her round little face into Lucy's flat face, gave her a final kiss, and then laid her gently on top of the other toys. The boys watched, open-mouthed, as their baby sister placed her favorite doll in the box.
Recognizing what little Meghan's gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had bought on sale last week. I believed the young woman in the picture would like it and fit it as much as I did. The boys had also been inspired by our behavior and carried their beloved things. We all wished the family could pass the difficult period as soon as possible and that they would love the things we gave them with all our heart.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以为受难者捐赠衣物和食物为线索展开，文章主要讲述龙卷风发生后，作者看到一张无家可归的一家人的照片，作者想让她的孩子们为受难者捐赠衣服、食物和玩具。女儿Meghan决定捐赠她最喜欢的娃娃，这个行动影响了作者，于是作者也将旧衣服换成新衣服捐给受难者。希望通过捐赠的物品使受难者感受到他们的一片心意。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Meghan转向我，对我说：妈妈，我要把Lucy捐给他们。”可知，第一段可描写Meghan捐赠娃娃Lucy的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“意识到小Meghan行为的意义，我把旧夹克衫从衣服箱子里拿了出来。”可知，第二段可描写作者行为的变化和感受。
2. 续写线索：Meghan捐Lucy——Meghan的想法——作者拿出旧夹克衫——捐新衣服——感受
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①看：watch/stare
②放：place/pile up
③捐：donate/give
情绪类
喜爱的：favorite/beloved/best-loved
【点睛】
[高分句型1] I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had bought on sale last week.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] The boys had also been inspired by our behavior and carried their beloved things.（运用了被动语态）