江苏省南京市六校联合体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题含答案

这是一份江苏省南京市六校联合体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题含答案，共32页。试卷主要包含了短对话，长对话，短文，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

江苏省南京市六校联合体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题（含听力）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短对话
1. What did the woman just do?
A. She looked for a backpack.
B. She did her homework.
C. She took some exercise.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】
M: Hiya, what’s in the big backpack?
W: Oh, I’m just coming back from my first yoga class.
M: Oh yeah? How’d you find it?
W: Yeah, it was way harder than I thought it was going to be. I’m exhausted!
2. What does the woman think of Jane’s leaving?
A. It is surprising. B. It isn’t unexpected. C. It is disappointing.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】
W: Chris, have you heard about Jane’s leaving?
M: Really? How do you know that?
W: She told me. Actually, I’m not as surprised as you are. I don’t think she is happy here.
3. How much will the man pay for the backpack?
A. Three dollars. B. Two dollars. C. Four dollars.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】
M: Excuse me, can we leave our backpack and suitcase here?
W: OK. That’s 4 dollars for the suitcase and 3 dollars for the backpack.
M: Fine, thanks. We’ll come and get them around 2 this afternoon.
4. What time of day is it?
A. It’s breakfast time. B. It’s lunchtime. C. It’s bedtime.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】
M: Don’t forget to brush your teeth, sweetheart.
W: Okay, dad. Will you read me a story?
M: I’d be glad to. I’ll read you your favorites when you get under the covers.
5. Why can’t the woman meet the man?
A. She has to get her car fixed.
B. She is visiting a customer.
C. She has a medical appointment.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】
W: David, I won’t be able to meet you in the afternoon. I have to take my car to the repair shop.
M: That’s OK. That way I’ll have time to see my doctor after visiting a customer.
二、长对话
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the woman’s final destination?
A. New York. B. San Francisco. C. Los Angeles.
7. What do we know about the woman?
A. She wants a direct flight.
B. She needn’t pay extra charge.
C. She missed her flight to New York.
【答案】6．C
7．B
【解析】
【原文】
W: Is there any way I can get to Los Angeles as soon as possible? My flight from New York didn’t arrive on time, so I missed my connecting flight.
M: Well, let me check. We don’t have any direct flights, but if you’re willing to stop over in San Francisco, there’s a flight leaving in 20 minutes. That will be your best choice for now.
W: As long as it gets me to Los Angeles in one piece, I’ll take it. Would there be any extra charge?
M: No, ma’am. You’re fine. Here is your ticket and please hurry to gate number 20. The ground crew will be waiting for you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the office. B. In a restaurant. C. On the street.
9. What is the man’s opinion about the restaurant?
A. It was too expensive.
B. It was below expectations.
C. It lives up to its reputation.
10. What does the man suggest doing?
A. Eating out. B. Attending a meeting. C. Ordering takeaway.
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．C
【解析】
【原文】
W: It’s almost our lunch break. Let’s try something different for lunch today! How about some Indian food at the restaurant down the street from our office? They’ve recently opened and have become quite famous for tasty food.
M: Oh, I already took my family there last weekend, but it was not as impressive as people say. There were too many people and the service wasn’t good at all because it was too busy.
W: Really? I had no idea. Where should we go then?
M: Actually, why don’t we just have some delivery food and eat here? There is still much to be done before the afternoon’s meeting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What does the woman want to do?
A. Rent a storage locker.
B. Have some machines maintained.
C. Deal with some documents.
12. What is the woman concerned about?
A. Whether the bins are secure.
B. Whether a lock is available.
C. Whether a truck is sent.
13. How often does the woman want a service?
A. Daily. B. Weekly. C. Monthly.
【答案】11．C
12．A
13．C
【解析】
【原文】
M: Good morning. This is Greenville Document Disposal. How can I help you?
W: Hi. Our office generates a lot of confidential paperwork, and we are looking for a secure way to get rid of it. Your company handles that kind of thing, right?
M: We do. And we send trucks to pick up the documents.
W: Oh, yes... I’ve seen your trucks. But I really wonder... are the bins you provide really secure?
M: Absolutely. All of our bins are fitted with a lock.
W: And how often do you pick up the bins?
M: We can pick them up daily, weekly, monthly... as often as you’d like.
W: Once a month would be enough for us.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What did the man plan to do on the weekend?
A. Go skiing. B. Go climbing. C. Work overtime.
15. What is the relationship between the man and Silvia?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.
16. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The police helped the man out.
B. The man’s office is on the 12th floor.
C. The man was trapped in the lift for two nights.
【答案】14．A
15．B
16．B
【解析】
【原文】
W: Hi, Sven, how are you doing recently?
M: Oh, Sally, you can’t believe what happened to me last weekend.
W: Tell me about it.
M: Well, last Friday I was looking forward to a relaxing two days of skiing in the mountains. But the weekend didn’t work out exactly as I had planned. I worked until late on that evening. Then I locked my office and got into the lift. I pressed the button for the ground floor and the lift started going down but then stopped. I pressed the alarm and shouted but nobody heard me.
W: Oh, how awful! Did you try to make a phone call to others?
M: Yes, I tried to phone Silvia but my mobile didn’t work in the lift… Silvia was very worried when I didn’t come home at that time and she couldn’t understand why my mobile wasn’t going. She turned to the neighborhood police for help. They looked for me but in vain.
W: So when did you get out?
M: I was in the lift until Monday morning. When the office workers arrived, they phoned the emergency number and somebody came and repaired the lift. I was very happy to get out. And you know what? I believe I will soon be the fittest man in my office — from now on I’m going to take the stairs every day — even though it’s 12 floors.
三、短文
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Where will Dr John Smith give a lecture?
A. In the Main Hall. B. In the Garden Room. C. In the Ballroom.
18. When will a presentation of papers begin?
A. At 9:00 a.m. B. At 10:00 a.m. C. At 11:30 a.m.
19. What does the speaker recommend the listeners to do?
A. Grab some snacks at the Refreshment Stand.
B. Walk around the town after lunch.
C. Have the formal lunch together.
20. What are the listeners expected to do at 2:00 p.m.?
A. Attend a presentation. B. Take a break. C. Have a discussion.
【答案】17．A
18．B
19．C
20．A
【解析】
【原文】
W: Good morning everyone, and welcome to the 2nd Annual Wullaballoo Conference. Before we get underway with today’s programme, let me fill you in as to what’s going on tomorrow.
At 9:00 a.m. right here in the Main Hall, we’ll be hearing a lecture from Dr John Smith about “Computer as Teacher”. An hour later, there will be a presentation of papers by various experts. That will take place in the Garden Room on the ground floor. We’ll be gathering at the west end, the slightly raised area called Level 2.
After all that thinking, talking, and listening, I expect everyone will be a bit weary. So at 11:30, there will be a break for coffee, cookies, and other light refreshments. These will be available at the Refreshment Stand, placed by the door back here in the Main Hall. Also, if you choose to skip the formal lunch, you can buy a packed lunch at the stand for a reasonable price.
I strongly urge you, however, to join us at the formal lunch. That won’t be till one o’clock sharp, so you have time to walk around the town. We’ll be eating at the Sea View Restaurant. The restaurant is located right here in the hotel, on the top floor.
After lunch, we’ll come back downstairs to Level 2 in the Ballroom for the presentation of further papers, which will begin at 2:00 p.m. Please try to be on time. Thank you in advance.
四、阅读理解
Job Posting
Welcome to our school! We are excited that you are thinking about opportunities to work with us. See below for a quick glance at what the job is like and the impact you could have on the children.
Job Posting Title: Assistant to Summer School Staff
Job Type: Part-time/Full-time
Working Conditions: Elementary school campus
Weekly Scheduled Hours: Full-time 40 Part-time 20
Earliest Start Date : Immediately
Position Duration: Expected to continue until Aug 31, 2022
Salary: Part-time $ 15 hourly
Full-time $ 20 hourly
Working Hours:9:00 a.m.— 5:00 p.m.
Responsibilities
* Watch over and care for children in 5—12 years range.
* Assist in implementing lesson plans, preparation and clean-up of materials, and watching over children both indoors and outdoors.
* Maintain a healthy and safe environment for children that obeys child licensing, health requirements and guidelines for quality care.
* Other related functions as assigned.
Application Requirements
* Resume (简历).
* High school certificate or above.
* Mailing your application form to us by Jun 10, 2022.
* Minimum of six months of experience working with children aged 5 — 12 years.
* Three professional reference letters required; at least one from a teacher.

21. What is an assistant required to do?
A. Design lesson plans. B. Safeguard children.
C. Work the night shift. D. Teach academic lessons.
22. Which of following will result in disqualification?
A. Preparing a personal resume. B. Having work experience.
C. Submitting one recommendation letter. D. Being an undergraduate student.
23. What’s the weekly income of a full-time assistant?
A. $300. B. $400. C. $600. D. $800.
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇暑期学校教职员助理的招聘公告，介绍了工作内容、职责和薪资等情况。
21. 细节理解题。根据Responsibilities部分中“*Watch over and care for children in 5—12 years range.(*照顾5-12岁儿童)”以及“*Maintain a healthy and safe environment for children that obeys child licensing, health requirements and guidelines for quality care.(*为儿童保持健康和安全的环境，并遵守儿童许可证、健康要求和优质护理准则)”可知，助理需要保护儿童。故选B。
22. 细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“*Three professional reference letters required; at least one from a teacher.(*需要三份专业推荐信；至少有一个来自老师)”可知，提交一封推荐信会导致取消资格。故选C。
23. 细节理解题。根据“Salary: Part-time $ 15 hourly; Full-time $ 20 hourly(工资：兼职每小时15美元；全职每小时20美元)”以及“Weekly Scheduled Hours: Full-time 40 Part-time 20 (每周工作时间：全职40小时，兼职20小时)”可知，全职助理的周收入是20×40=800美元。故选D。
Most of us set a goal with energy and motivation. If it is achieved, we will feel we are on cloud nine. But in most cases, we can’t reach our goals easily. Why do we often fail to hit the target? The answer lies in the disconnection between our brains’ evaluation of rewards and the “get it done” realities that influence our behavior.
Our brains are reward-driven organs charged by neurotransmitters (神经递质) that fuel our drives and desires, and it’ s easy for us to get carried away in this chemical tsunami. So, when we set up a goal, our focus is on the reward. We picture getting the reward, and how we’ll feel when we make it, which pushes us into action. But once we begin, we come face to face with what’s really required to reach the goal and our focus shifts from reward to effort.
In other words, a focus on rewards fuels the pursuit, but a focus on effort takes over when the work starts. For example, getting up early to exercise for a new healthy lifestyle might seem like a good choice, but once your alarm goes off on a cold January morning, the rewards aren’t enough to get you up and out of bed. When we face the reality of our choices, we realize the effort is too much and give up.
In fairness, though, we don’t always have the best sense of how much effort something will require, especially if it’s a goal we haven’t pursued before. Getting better at setting goals has much to do with figuring this out and not letting ourselves forget the lesson.
Next time, begin our goal pursuits with as much realistic acknowledgment of the effort required as possible. Then, once we begin, refocus back to the reward and continue the efforts.
24. What does the underlined phrase “on cloud nine” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Scared. B. Overjoyed. C. Restless. D. Weary.
25. What may account for one’s unachieved goal?
A. Aiming high, working less.
B. Speaking more, doing less.
C. More efforts, less speed.
D. More pains, more gains.
26. What do people often fail to recognize in setting goals?
A. Duration. B. Effort. C. Cost. D. Reward.
27. What’s the author’s advice to us?
A. Refocus back to the goal.
B. Achieve your goal step by step.
C. Accept failure and learn from the past.
D. Set practical goals and work consistently.
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．B
27．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们确立目标的过程及放弃的原因，最后向人们提出建议。
24. 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Most of us set a goal with energy and motivation. If it is achieved, we will feel we are on cloud nine.(我们大多数人都带着能量和动力设定了一个目标。如果这个目标实现了，我们就会……)”和常识可知，如果我们设立的目标实现了，我们就会感到很开心，所以划线词与B项“overjoyed”意思相近。故选B项。
25. 推理判断题。根据第三段“In other words, a focus on rewards fuels the pursuit, but a focus on effort takes over when the work starts.(换句话说，对回报的关注推动了对目标的追求，但当行动开始时，对努力的关注就占了上风)”及“When we face the reality of our choices, we realize the effort is too much and give up.(当我们面对自己选择的现实时，我们意识到需要付出的努力太多，于是放弃了追求)”可知，人们可能因为丰厚的回报而确立较高的目标，但当为此付出行动时，却发现要想实现这个目标需要付出很多努力，这时，如果努力不够，目标可能就无法实现。故选A项。
26. 推理判断题。根据第二段“when we set up a goal, our focus is on the reward.(当我们设立目标时，我们关注的是回报)”及倒数第二段“we don’t always have the best sense of how much effort something will require, especially if it’s a goal we haven’t pursued before.(我们并不总是能最清楚地意识到一件事情需要付出多少努力，尤其是如果这是一个我们以前没有追求过的目标)”可知，人们确立目标时，会关注到如果成功会带来的回报，而不会意识到需要付出多少努力。故选B项。
27. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Next time, begin our goal pursuits with as much realistic acknowledgment of the effort required as possible. Then, once we begin, refocus back to the reward and continue the efforts.(下一次，开始追求目标时，要尽可能现实点，认识到需要付出多少努力。然后，一旦我们开始，就重新关注回报并持续努力)”可知，作者建议人们设定切实可行的目标，并为之持续努力。故选D项。
Selena Evans had been down for days because she had no idea how to please those two girls. At first, Elizabeth Moretz just wouldn’t hide her disdain (鄙视) for her. About a month ago, when Selena ran into her near a coffee shop, she called her name from afar. However, Elizabeth didn’t show any kindness; instead, she scolded her, “You scared the hell out of me”. To apologize, for several days in a row, Selena would buy some coffee and stand at the door of the cafe, waiting for Elizabeth to come, and then pass the coffee to her and say friendly, “This is for you!” But every time, Elizabeth would look at her doubtfully and then reject it.
But one day before a math class, Elizabeth sat down right next to her and said, “You know, I always speak out of turn without thinking. Sometimes it might hurt people. But you’ll realize I’m a good person soon. Please forgive my rudeness.” Then she passed her a cup of coffee, “This is for you.” Selena couldn’t believe it was happening. She took the coffee excitedly.
But soon she discovered she shouldn’t have been happy like that because the coffee wasn’t even for her. It was for Sara Crawford. Sara didn’t show up that day, so Elizabeth gave it to her instead.
Should I try to be one of a group where I don’t belong?
“No, I will spare no efforts to be their friend!”
The next day Selena went to the bakery and bought three loafs of bread, one for herself, one for Elizabeth and one for Sara. As she was walking to the cafe, she saw Elizabeth sitting at an outdoor table of the cafe, pouring some water from her thermos into a coffee cup. After that, she put the cup lid back really quickly and then looked around alertly.
Selena paused a little, and then called her loudly in the distance, “Morning!”
Following the sound, Elizabeth saw Selena. She put the thermos back into her pack really quickly and stood up with that coffee in her hand.
Selena ran to her and passed her a loaf of bread, “This is for you.”
“Oh, I…” Elizabeth waved her hand, “I don’t like bread.”
“Then, what do you like?” Before Selena could finish, Elizabeth had run away with that coffee.
Selena had been feeling down for two classes. The third class was lab course. She went to the Girls’ room before that and when she came back to the lab, Elizabeth walked to her with a cup of coffee. She dragged Selena, shoved the coffee into her hand and turned away.
Suddenly, she recalled what she had seen this morning, and was frozen there.
28. What did the underlined part probably mean?
A. Selena was in a dilemma what to do next.
B. Selena would continue to make them happy.
C. Selena found them difficult to get along with.
D. Selena was determined not to make friends with them.
29. Why did Elizabeth put the thermos back into her pack quickly on seeing Selena?
A. She wanted to pass coffee to Selena.
B. She wanted to accept the loaf of bread.
C. She hid the fact of filling the coffee cup with water from Selena.
D. She was so excited to see Selena that she was at a loss what to do.
30. What made Selena upset before the lab course?
A. Elizabeth hated being with her.
B. Elizabeth didn’t hand her the coffee at first.
C. She was concerned about the coming lab course.
D. Try as she might, it seemed hard for her to please Elizabeth.
31. What’s the best title for the story?
A. Peer pressure B. Flattering them
C. A tricky girl D. A girl’s trouble
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．D
31．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了赛琳娜努力讨好其他两个女孩的故事。
28. 词句猜测题。根据第五段“No, I will spare no efforts to be their friend!(不，我会不遗余力地做她们的朋友)”以及第六段“The next day Selena went to the bakery and bought three loafs of bread, one for herself, one for Elizabeth and one for Sara.(第二天，赛琳娜去面包店买了三条面包，一条给自己，一条给伊丽莎白，一条给萨拉)”可知，赛琳娜在继续想办法讨好那两个女孩，可知，划线句子表示赛琳娜会继续让她们开心。故选B项。
29. 推理判断题。根据第六段“As she was walking to the cafe, she saw Elizabeth sitting at an outdoor table of the cafe, pouring some water from her thermos into a coffee cup.(当她走向咖啡馆时，她看到伊丽莎白坐在咖啡馆的一张户外桌子旁，从保温瓶里往咖啡杯里倒了些水)”可知，伊丽莎白往咖啡杯里倒了水，所以她一见到赛琳娜就迅速把保温瓶放回背包里是因为她想向赛琳娜隐瞒自己往咖啡杯里倒水这一事实。故选C项。
30. 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“Elizabeth waved her hand, ‘I don’t like bread.’(伊丽莎白挥了挥手，“我不喜欢面包。”)”以及倒数第三段“‘Then, what do you like?’ Before Selena could finish, Elizabeth had run away with that coffee.(“那么，你喜欢什么？”赛琳娜还没来得及说完，伊丽莎白就带着咖啡跑了)”可推知，赛琳娜在实验课之前心烦意乱是因为伊丽莎白拒绝了她的讨好，尽管赛琳娜努力了，但是讨好伊丽莎白很难。故选D项。
31. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Selena Evans had been down for days because she had no idea how to please those two girls.(赛琳娜·埃文斯已经情绪低落好几天了，因为她不知道如何讨好那两个女孩)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了赛琳娜努力讨好其他两个女孩的故事，所以“讨好她们”可以作为文章标题。故选B项。
Saturn’s rings are losing material every year.
Incoming micrometeorites (微陨石) and the sun’s radiation disturb the small, dusty pieces of ring matter, electrifying them. The particles, suddenly transformed, become adapted to Saturn’s magnetic field lines and start spinning along those invisible paths. When the particles get too close to Saturn’s atmosphere, gravity pulls them in, and they vaporize (蒸发) in the planet’s clouds. Astronomers call this “ring rain”, and over time this and other phenomena will weaken the distinctive rings, until nothing is left.
“This is us looking at Saturn’s rings at their peak,” said James O’Donoghue, a planetary scientist from Japan. From our perspective, the magnificent sight seems immutable (永恒的), but, on the grand scale of things, it is fleeting.
It might help to know that the process is going to take a while: O’Donoghue and other scientists estimate that the rings will disappear in about 300million years. The residents of Earth still have plenty of time to appreciate the beauty of Saturn’s rings.
The science community hasn’t come to a consensus about the origin story of Saturn’s rings. But, it is a reminder that the worlds of our solar system, however still they might look from here, are dynamic places, with dramatic histories of their own. “We think that the universe out there — as opposed to this, where we live, where everything is messy and changing all the time — is this kind of crystal and never-changing thing,” said Jeff Cuzzi, an expert on planetary rings. From afar, Saturn’s rings look so solid, like a wall you could swing your legs over. But they are anything but. The Voyager mission had spotted some evidence of ring stuff leaking into Saturn, but with Cassini, astronomers could really investigate the phenomenon, and make their best estimates yet for how long the rings would stick around.
A few hundred million years is a very long time. And yet I have a sudden sharp feeling of sadness about the idea of Saturn losing its rings. So do some astronomers I’ve spoken with. I’ve come to think of this reaction as “space feel”. It has no real bearing on our daily lives, and yet they tug at the heartstrings in a cosmic way. “It’s very, very sad that the rings will disappear in the future,” O’Donoghue said. But “I’m very happy that we’re lucky enough to see it.”
32. What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?
A. How Saturn’s rings are formed.
B. What Saturn’s rings look like.
C. Why Saturn’s rings will disappear.
D. How “ring rain” comes into being.
33. What can we learn about Saturn’s rings from the passage?
A. The splendor of Saturn’s rings will remain the same.
B. Scientists have known for sure about the origin of Saturn’s rings.
C. We can’t enjoy the beauty of Saturn’s rings unless we seize the chance.
D. We can draw from Saturn’s rings that the planets in solar system are dynamic.
34. What can be inferred from the last but one paragraph?
A. The universe outside the earth is never changing.
B. Saturn’s rings are so solid that they will not disappear.
C. The universe outside the earth is opposed to what we think of the earth.
D. Astronomers may calculate how long it will be before the rings disappear.
35. How does O’Donoghue feel about the idea of Saturn losing its rings?
A. sorry B. lucky C. happy D. indifferent
【答案】32．C
33．D
34．D
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了土星环的物质每年都在流失并最终消失。
32. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Incoming micrometeorites (微陨石) and the sun’s radiation disturb the small, dusty pieces of ring matter, electrifying them. The particles, suddenly transformed, become adapted to Saturn’s magnetic field lines and start spinning along those invisible paths. When the particles get too close to Saturn’s atmosphere, gravity pulls them in, and they vaporize (蒸发) in the planet’s clouds. Astronomers call this “ring rain”, and over time this and other phenomena will weaken the distinctive rings, until nothing is left. (来袭的微陨石和太阳辐射扰乱了环状物质的尘埃小块，使它们带电。这些粒子突然发生了转变，适应了土星的磁场线，并开始沿着那些看不见的路径旋转。当这些粒子太靠近土星的大气层时，引力会把它们吸引过来，然后在土星的云层中蒸发。天文学家称这种现象为“环雨”，随着时间的推移，这种现象和其他现象会削弱独特的环，直到什么都没有留下。)”可知，第二段主要讲述的是土星环会什么会消失。故选C。
33. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““But, it is a reminder that the worlds of our solar system, however still they might look from here, are dynamic places, with dramatic histories of their own. (但是，它提醒我们，我们太阳系的世界，无论从这里看起来如何，都是充满活力的地方，有着自己戏剧性的历史。)”可推断，太阳系的行星是动态的，不断变化的。故选D。
34. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The Voyager mission had spotted some evidence of ring stuff leaking into Saturn, but with Cassini, astronomers could really investigate the phenomenon, and make their best estimates yet for how long the rings would stick around.(旅行者号的任务已经发现了一些光环物质泄漏到土星的证据，但通过卡西尼号，天文学家可以真正研究这一现象，并对光环会停留多久做出最好的估计。)”可推断，天文学家可能会对土星环何时消失做出估计。故选D。
35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’s very, very sad that the rings will disappear in the future,” O’Donoghue said. But “I’m very happy that we’re lucky enough to see it.”(“土星环将在未来消失，这是非常、非常令人难过的。” O’Donoghue说，但“我很高兴我们足够幸运地看到了它。”)”可推断，对于土星环的消失，O’Donoghue觉得很悲伤。故选A。
五、七选五
Should teens do housework after school? ___36___ Some might claim that doing housework is a waste of time, while others feel that housework is a good opportunity for teens to become more mature. As for me, I strongly argue that it is indeed necessary for teens to do household work to help develop a sense of responsibility.
First of all, to be responsible, teenagers should learn how to manage their time. ___37___ When I was in senior high, I had to wash dishes every day. Therefore, I learned how to do my chores (家务) quickly to save more time for studying and relaxing. On the other hand, my little brother did not do any housework, so he always struggled to keep to his schedule.
___38___ Doing household chores can train teens to become independent people. For instance, when my sister was in high school, she had to do her own washing and cleaning, and even cook her own food. As a result, she knew how to take care of herself. She rarely relied on anyone.
Finally, doing household chores can help teens become better leaders. ___39___ When my family clean the house together, I often give orders and see everyone do his or her own work. My sister is in charge of dusting the floor, I clean the windows, and my brother takes out the waste. ___40___ Moreover, statistics show that a lot of students who are class leaders often are responsible for the main household chores in their families.
A. Take my personal experience for example.
B. People adopt different stands toward this issue.
C. Besides, being responsible means being independent.
D. Parents feel angry if their teens don't help with the housework.
E. Secondly, it gives teens the sense that they're part of the family.
F. Doing household work can help them develop good time management skills.
G. As a result, when I was selected as the leader in group projects, I felt confident about it.
【答案】36．B
37．F
38．C
39．A
40．G
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者认为青少年做家务有助于培养责任感。
36. 根据下文“Some might claim that doing housework is a waste of time, while others feel that housework is a good opportunity for teens to become more mature.(一些人可能会认为做家务是浪费时间，而另一些人认为家务是青少年变得更成熟的好机会。)”可知，不同的人有不同的看法。选项B“People adopt different stands toward this issue.(人们对这个问题采取不同的立场。)”中的“this issue”代指上文的“Should teens do housework after school?(青少年放学后应该做家务吗?)”同时又引出下文。故选B。
37. 根据上文“First of all, to be responsible, teenagers should learn how to manage their time.(首先，为了负责任，青少年应该学会如何管理他们的时间。)”可知，作者认为青少年应该学会管理自己的时间。选项F“Doing household work can help them develop good time management skills.(做家务可以帮助他们培养良好的时间管理技能。)”与上文一致，再次指出做家务会带来的好处。故选F。
38. 空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文“Doing household chores can train teens to become independent people.(家务可以训练青少年成为独立的人。)”可知，本段讲述的是青少年应该独立。选项C“Besides, being responsible means being independent.(此外，负责意味着独立。)”符合本段内容。故选C。
39. 根据下文“When my family clean the house together, I often give orders and see everyone do his or her own work. My sister is in charge of dusting the floor, I clean the windows, and my brother takes out the waste.(当我的家人一起打扫房子的时候，我经常发号施令，看着每个人都做他或她自己的工作。我姐姐负责扫地，我擦窗户，我哥哥拿垃圾。)”可知，作者以自身为例，说明做家务可以让青少年成为领导者。选项A“Take my personal experience for example.(以我的个人经历为例。)”符合下文。故选A。
40. 根据上文“When my family clean the house together, I often give orders and see everyone do his or her own work. My sister is in charge of dusting the floor, I clean the windows, and my brother takes out the waste.(当我的家人一起打扫房子的时候，我经常发号施令，看着每个人都做他或她自己的工作。我姐姐负责扫地，我擦窗户，我哥哥拿垃圾。)”可知，作者通过在家做家务锻炼了自己的领导能力。选项G“As a result, when I was selected as the leader in group projects, I felt confident about it.(因此，当我在小组项目中被选为组长的时候，我很有信心。)”是上文的延续，说明作者通过做家务锻炼了自己的领导能力后，被选为组长后才会很有信心。故选G。
六、完形填空
My early twenties were rough. I was housebound with a severe panic disorder that left me afraid of ___41___ home. After four years, I got ___42___, but there were still things I was avoiding. One day, I heard about a man who continued ___43___ himself to get past his anxiety. The man lit a fire under me: “If he can go to Sweden by himself, I can ___44___ to Florida with my family.”
I was terrified. There was no ___45___ if I did have a panic attack. But I used positive thinking to get myself ___46___. First, I had to ___47___ with all my worries and then I told myself, “I can and I am.” Those five words were ___48___ over and over. No matter what ___49___ cropped up in my mind, I would answer them with that: my shorthand ____50____ of “I can do it, and I am doing it.”
During the flight, I did have a panic attack, but I ____51____ thinking positive: “The hard part will be over soon.” I was right: the hard part ended as soon as we ____52____, and I had a great vacation. Taking that trip ____53____ the door for what was to come next. I took more flights and finally ____54____ my panic disorder.
Whenever I face a challenge now, I remember the ____55____ of those five words and how far I’ve come: I can and I am.
41. A. heading B. owning C. improving D. leaving
42. A. better B. faster C. clever D. worried
43. A. doubting B. examining C. challenging D. injuring
44. A. drive B. fly C. move D. return
45. A. excuse B. escape C. question D. plan
46. A. free B. healthy C. ready D. busy
47. A. fight B. compare C. cry D. sleep
48. A. noticed B. translated C. changed D. repeated
49. A. hopes B. fears C. faiths D. instructions
50. A. system B. version C. report D. record
51. A. forgot B. enjoyed C. kept D. avoided
52. A. turned up B. gave up C. calmed down D. touched down
53. A. locked B. opened C. entered D. replaced
54. A. overcame B. analyzed C. understood D. admitted
55. A. meaning B. author C. power D. order
【答案】41．D
42．A
43．C
44．B
45．B
46．C
47．A
48．D
49．B
50．B
51．C
52．D
53．B
54．A
55．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何克服自己严重的恐慌症。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我患有严重的恐慌症，这使得我足不出户，害怕出门。A. heading前进；B. owning拥有；C. improving改善；D. leaving离开。根据“I was housebound with a severe panic disorder”可知，作者患有恐慌症，害怕离开家。故选D。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四年后，我的病情有所好转，但仍有一些事情是我在逃避的。A. better更好的；B. faster更快的；C. clever更聪明的；D. worried担心的。根据“but there were still things I was avoiding.”中but可知，前后是转折关系，由此可知，作者的病情有所好转，但是仍会逃避一些事情。故选A。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我听说一个男人不断挑战自己来克服焦虑。A. doubting怀疑；B. examining检查；C. challenging挑战；D. injuring受伤。根据“to get past his anxiety.”可知，通过挑战自己来克服焦虑。故选C。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人在我面前点了一把火：“如果他能自己去瑞典，我就能和我的家人一起飞到佛罗里达。”A. drive驾驶；B. fly飞；C. move移动；D. return返回。fly to飞往。根据“If he can go to Sweden by himself,”可知，这里指乘飞机飞往佛罗里达。故选B。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我真的恐慌症发作了，我是逃不掉的。A. excuse借口；B. escape逃离；C. question问题；D. plan计划。根据“if I did have a panic attack.”和常识可知，在飞机上恐慌症发作了，作者是逃不掉的。故选B。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我用积极的心态让自己做好准备。A. free自由的；B. healthy健康的；C. ready准备好的；D. busy忙的。根据“But I used positive thinking”中转折可知，作者用积极的心态让自己做好准备，克服自己的恐慌症。故选C。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，我必须与我所有的担忧作斗争，然后我告诉自己，“我能，我可以做到。”A. fight斗争；B. compare比较；C. cry哭；D. sleep睡。fight with与……作斗争。根据“all my worries”可知，作者与所有的担忧作斗争。故选A。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这五个字被一遍又一遍地重复着。A. noticed注意；B. translated翻译；C. changed改变；D. repeated重复。根据上文“I can and I am.”和下文“over and over.”可知，作者一遍又一遍地重复着这五个字。故选D。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我的脑海中浮现出怎样的恐惧，我都会以速记版那样回答他们：“我能做到，而且我正在做到。”A. hopes希望；B. fears害怕；C. faiths信念；D. instructions说明。根据“I can do it, and I am doing it.”可知，无论什么恐惧浮现在作者的脑海中，作者都相信自己能够克服。故选B。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我的脑海中浮现出怎样的恐惧，我都会以速记版那样回答他们：“我能做到，而且我正在做到。”A. system系统；B. version版本；C. report报告；D. record记录。shorthand version速记版。根据“I can and I am.”和“I can do it, and I am doing it.”可知，“I can and I am.”是“I can do it, and I am doing it.”的速记版。故选B。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在飞行途中，我确实惊恐发作了，但我一直乐观地想：“最难的部分很快就会过去。”A. forgot忘记；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. kept保持；D. avoided避免。keep doing sth.一直做某事。根据“The hard part will be over soon.”可知，作者一直给自己乐观的暗示，告诉自己最难的部分很快就会过去。故选C。
52. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我是对的：我们一着陆，困难的部分就结束了，我度过了一个很棒的假期。A. turned up出现；B. gave up放弃；C. calmed down镇静；D. touched down着陆。根据“During the flight, I did have a panic attack,”可知，飞机一着陆，作者就安全了，所以最难的部分也就过去了。故选D。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行为接下来的事情打开了大门。A. locked关闭；B. opened开；C. entered进入；D. replaced代替。根据“the door for what was to come next.”可知，这次旅行为作者接下来的事情打开了大门。故选B。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐了更多的航班，最终克服了恐慌症。A. overcame克服；B. analyzed分析；C. understood理解；D. admitted承认。根据“I took more flights”可知，作者最终克服了恐慌症。故选A。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我面临挑战时，我都会想起这五个字的力量以及我走了多远：我能，我做到。A. meaning意义；B. author作者；C. power力量；D. order命令。根据“I can and I am.”可知，这五个字给予作者力量。故选C。
七、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Saturday praised China’s achievements in poverty eradication (根除) and other areas, ___56___(urge) the international community to unite to address___57___are the common challenges.
“I thank China for ___58___(it) role in shaping and carrying out the Sustainable Development Goals, ___59___is evidenced by its strong ___60___(commit) and significant progress to root out poverty in all forms and dimensions, one of the world’s leading ___61___(challenge),” the UN chief told Xinhua in an email interview.
“China’s achievements provide ___62___ (value) lessons in poverty relief that are being shared with other countries through South-South Cooperation,” Guterres said.
He also pointed out, “the world ___63___ (face) with major challenges — rising inequalities, the climate crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical tensions, human rights ___64___threat and so on.”
The secretary-general called for global unity to “bridge great divides and solve our challenges through cooperating ____65____(international).”
【答案】56．urging
57．what
58．its
59．which
60．commitment
61．challenges
62．valuable
63．is faced
64．under
65．internationally
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周六赞扬了中国在消除贫困和其他领域取得的成就，敦促国际社会通过国际合作弥合巨大分歧，解决我们的挑战。
56. 考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周六赞扬了中国在消除贫困和其他领域取得的成就，敦促国际社会团结一致，应对共同的挑战。空处作非谓语动词，urge与逻辑主语United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Antonio Guterres之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填urging。
57. 考查宾语从句。句意：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周六赞扬了中国在消除贫困和其他领域取得的成就，敦促国际社会团结一致，应对共同的挑战。空处引导从句作动词address的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
58. 考查代词。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”结合语意，此处表示感谢中国所发挥的它的作用，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
59. 考查定语从句。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词role，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。
60. 考查名词。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”空处与名词 progress并列，作介词by的宾语，所以空处应用名词commitment，表示“承诺”。故填commitment。
61. 考查名词。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”。“one of+复数可数名词”表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。故填challenges。
62. 考查形容词。句意：古特雷斯说：“中国在扶贫方面取得的成就提供了宝贵的经验，正通过南南合作与其他国家分享。”空处修饰名词lessons，应用形容词形式作定语，结合语意，中国取得的成就提供了宝贵的经验，空处应用valuable，表示“宝贵的”。故填valuable。
63. 考查时态和语态。句意：他还指出，“世界面临着日益严重的不平等、气候危机、2019冠状病毒疾病大流行、地缘政治紧张、人权受到威胁等重大挑战。”直接引语中引用的句子，描述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时，face与主语the world之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是the world，be动词应用is。故填is faced。
64. 考查介词。句意：他还指出，“世界面临着日益严重的不平等、气候危机、2019冠状病毒疾病大流行、地缘政治紧张、人权受到威胁等重大挑战。”under threat为固定短语，表示“受到威胁”，符合题意。故填under。
65. 考查副词。句意：秘书长呼吁全球团结“通过国际合作弥合巨大分歧，解决我们的挑战。”空处修饰动词cooperating，应用副词形式作状语，internationally是副词，表示“国际性地”。故填internationally。
八、其他应用文
66．假如你是李华，你的美国朋友David上个月在杭州旅游期间品尝了西湖龙井茶，对中国茶文化表现出了非常浓厚的兴趣。回国后他发来邮件，希望你介绍中国茶文化，请你写一份邮件，内容主要包括：
1. 中国茶文化历史悠久、茶叶种类丰富；
2. 茶在中国人生活中的重要性；
3. 希望世界上有更多的人品尝中国茶，了解中国文化。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当发挥想象，增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Dear David,
I am very glad to learn that you are very fond of Chinese tea. I am pleased to introduce something about Chinese tea culture to you.
Chinese tea has a very long history, and it has been very popular since ancient times. As an important part of our country’s cultural heritage, Chinese tea has various kinds and flavors, such as green tea, black tea and white tea, of which Pu'er and Longjing are the most famous, and there are many tea houses in which people get together to get relaxed.
I hope more and more friends all over the world like Chinese tea and learn about Chinese culture.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友David写一份邮件，向他介绍中国茶文化。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
喜欢：be fond of=enjoy
重要的：important→significant
各种各样的：various→varieties of
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Chinese tea has a very long history, and it has been very popular since ancient times.
拓展句：Chinese tea has a very long history, which has been very popular since ancient times.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] As an important part of our country’s cultural heritage, Chinese tea has various kinds and flavors, such as green tea, black tea and white tea, of which Pu'er and Longjing are the most famous, and there are many tea houses in which people get together to get relaxed. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句和“介词+which”引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I am very glad to learn that you are very fond of Chinese tea. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
九、读后续写
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.
A little boy almost thought of himself as the unluckiest child in the world because poliomyelitis（小儿麻痹症） made him unable to walk like normal people. He seldom played with his classmates, and when the teacher asked him to answer questions, he always lowered his head without a word.
One spring, the boy's father asked for some young trees from the neighbor. He wanted to plant them in the front of the house. He told his children to plant a tree each person. The father said to the children, “Whose tree grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift” The boy also wanted to get his father's gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, he had a terrible idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So he never attended to it.
A few days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was surprised to find it not only didn't die, but also grew some fresh leaves, and compared with the trees of his brother and sister, his appeared greener and more vital. His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him, “from the tree you planted, you will become a great person when you grow up.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
One day, the little boy lay on the bed, wondering why his tree can grow so well.
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Paragraph 2:
Since then, the little boy became different.
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【答案】One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
One day, the little boy lay on bed, wondering why his tree can grow so well. he suddenly recalled what the biology teacher once said, plants general grow at night. Why not go to see the tree? When he came to the courtyard on tiptoe, he found his father was splashing something under his tree with a ladle. All of a sudden, he understood: his father had been secretly fertilizing his small tree! He returned to his room, tears running down his face without restraint.
Paragraph 2:
Since then, the little boy became different. Being strong and confident, he overcame all the difficulties he was faced with. Decades passed, he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt. Love is the best nourishment of life; even if it is just one ladleful of clear water, it can make the tree of life thrive. Maybe that tree is inconspicuous; perhaps that the tree is so thin, and even some withered, but as long as there is nourishment of love, it can flourish and even grow into towering trees.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Franklin Roosevelt在父亲的关爱下如何变得乐观的故事。爱是生命中最好的养料；即使只是一勺清水，它都能使生命之树茁壮成长。也许那棵树不够好，也许那棵树那么细，甚至有些脆弱，但只要有爱的滋养，它就可以很好地活跃起来，甚至长成参天大树。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一天，小男孩躺在床上，想知道为什么他的树能长得这么好。”可知，第一段可描写作者在晚上查看树生长的状态，发现父亲在为树施肥。
②由第二段首句内容“从此，小男孩变得不一样了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的变化，因为有爱的滋养，克服了很多困难，他最后取得了很大的成功，成为了美国总统。
2. 续写线索：好奇——查看——感动——改变——成功——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①查看：check/figure out
②改变：change/be different
情绪类
①好奇：showing his curiosity/wonder
②感动：be moved/feel touched
【点睛】
[高分句型1] he suddenly recalled what the biology teacher once said, plants general grow at night. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句作recalled的宾语）
[高分句型2] Being strong and confident, he overcame all the difficulties he was faced with. （being现在分词作伴随状语）