四川省广安市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份四川省广安市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共26页。

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号选涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3，考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 考试听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What sprts des Henry like mst?
A. Skiing. B. Badmintn. C. Surfing.
2. What is the weather like?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
3. Where will the speakers meet?
A. At the Mall Spring. B. At the dentist’s. C. At Xiaping Library.
4. Hw des the wman find the painting?
A. Average. B. Funny. C. Great.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A musician. B. A present fr Jhnny. C. A CD f Adele.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the man invite Mnica t d?
A. Try a ht-air balln. B. Attend his birthday party. C. Have a barbecue with him.
7. When will the ht-air balln land?
A. At 4:30 pm. B. At 3:00 pm. C. At 2:30 pm.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What makes the speakers ntice the prblem at first?
A. The nise. B. The speed. C. The heat.
9. Where d the speakers plan t stp their car?
A. At a garage. B. At a parking place. C. On the radside.
10. What is wrng with the car?
A. It needs water. B. Its mtr has brken dwn. C. It is ut f gas.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why des the man cme t the city?
A. T visit a friend. B. T d sightseeing. C. T take a business trip.
12. What drink des the man like best?
A. Black tea. B. Apple juice. C. Cffee.
13. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Waitress and custmer.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Ways t imprve the ability f nte-taking.
B. Imprtance f grup discussins.
C. Habits f reading bks.
15. What des Dim think f turning t Student Supprt Service?
A. Helpless. B. Incnvenient. C. Unnecessary.
16. What is Diana ging t d?
A. Share her pinins. B. Read sme bks. C. Meet an expert.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Wh is prbably the speaker?
A. A reprter. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
18. What did the cachman(马车夫) d utside the theater?
A. He read a bk. B. He waited in the snw. C. He enjyed the shw.
19. Hw did the yung lady feel abut the cachman’s situatin?
A. Sad. B. Mved. C. Nrmal.
20. What des the speaker want t tell us?
A. Help thse arund us as much as we can.
B. Read as many bks as we can.
C. Be grateful fr what we have.
第二部分 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Natinal Gallery
Descriptin:
The Natinal Gallery is the British natinal art museum built n the nrth side f Trafalgar Square in Lndn. It huses a diverse cllectin f mre than 2,300 examples f Eurpean art ranging frm 13th-century religius paintings t mre mdern nes by Renir and Van Ggh. The lder cllectins f the gallery are reached thrugh the main entrance while the mre mdern wrks in the East Wing are mst easily reached frm Trafalgar Square by a grund flr entrance.
Layut:
The mdern Sainsbury Wing n the western side f the building huses 13th-t15th-century paintings, and artists include Ducci, Uccell, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Btticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing huses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Lenard da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangel, Raphael, Bruegel, Brnzin, Titan and Vernese.
The Nrth Wing huses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggi, Rubens, Pussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing huses 18th-t early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canalett, Gya, Turner, Cnstable, Renir and Van Ggh.
Opening Hurs:
The Gallery is pen every day frm 10 am t 6 pm (Fridays 10 am t 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply t sme special exhibitins.
Getting There:
Nearest undergrund statins: Charing Crss (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).
1. In which century’s cllectin can yu see religius paintings?
A. The 20th.B. The 17th.
C. The 18th.D. The 13th.
2. Where are Lenard da Vinci’s wrks shwn?
A. In the East Wing.B. In the main West Wing.
C. In the Sainsbury Wing.D. In the Nrth Wing.
3. Which undergrund statin is clsest t the Natinal Gallery?
A. Charing Crss.B. Leicester Square.
C. Embankment.D. Piccadilly Circus.
In 1945, 23-year-ld Jan Hintn was ne f the few female nuclear physicists jining in the Manhattan Prject, an American prject set up in 1942 t develp an atm bmb. Even as she rejiced in the prject’s success, she was deeply shcked when the U.S. drpped tw bmbs in Japan in 1945 during Wrld War II. She then quit the prject and left the U.S..
In 1948, she managed t travel t Yan’an, where she married her byfriend Erwin Engst. Her husband gt his first impressins f China frm the bk Red Star Over China by Edgar Snw. He came t China as a member f the United Natins Relief and Rehabilitatin Administratin in 1946 and went n t serve as an expert n farm equipment in Yan’an. “My father kept n writing letters t my mm, telling her t cme t China and that ‘China was abut t climb a hill. If yu arrive late, yu’ll miss the bus’,” Fred Engst, sn f Hintn, said.
Hintn and her husband lived a simple life in China. During her time in Yan’an, she nly std ut as a freigner, dressed in rdinary clthes. The villagers treated the U.S. scientist like they wuld be a family member. During ne Chinese New Year’s party in the village she lived in, Hintn shared her sense f humr by amusing the lcals with her perfrmances using a nrthern Shaanxi dialect (方言).
The cuple witnessed the establishment f the Peple’s Republic f China in 1949. Hintn, wh held high hpes f making milk available t the Chinese ppulatin, devted herself t the imprvement f agricultural machinery and the milk industry at large. She applied her scientific skills t develping a cntinuus-flw autmatic milk pasteurizer (巴氏杀菌机) and tending t abut 200 cws in the fllwing years.
Hintn was truly devted t everything she did, whether in nuclear physics r the milk industry.
4. What des the underlined part “rejiced in” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Shwed surprise abut.B. Felt jy at.
C. Expressed anger ver.D. Shwed disappintment with.
5. What is the villagers’ attitude t the U.S. scientists in China?
A. Friendly.B. Rude.C. Cncerned.D. Uncaring.
6. What cntributin did Hintn make t China?
A. She cntributed the develpment f nuclear physics.
B. She pushed frward the develpment f cattle farming.
C. She helped cws give birth t mre healthy babies.
D. She made all Chinese peple enjy the benefits f drinking milk.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Jan Hintn set up a prject in China.
B. Jan Hintn imprved Shaanxi dialect.
C. The intrductin t Jan Hintn.
D. Jan Hintn persuaded Chinese peple t drink milk.
The COVID-19 has changed every aspect f ur lives, including ur eating habits. Cmfrt fd was made fr times like these, and it seems the healthy-fd trend that tk rt in recent years is reversing (彻底转变), at least fr the time being. Shpping habits have changed. T be in favr f ld prcessed fds like frzen pizza, ht cakes and canned spaghetti, cnvenience fds with lng shelf life are designed.
N judgment here. Mney is tight in many families, and busy parents are putting breakfast, lunch and dinner n the table in between vide cnference meetings. Besides, cnvenience fds are engineered t taste gd and make us feel gd (at least in the shrt term).
But yu might want t save rm fr smething green n yur plate, if yu can find it at the stre. That’s because a grwing bdy f research is shwing that ur fd chices dn’t just affect ur shapes. What we eat als may affect ur md and behavir — and nt in the “I can’t believe I ate a dzen ckies in ne sitting” srt f way. Indeed, there may be smething in the fd we’re eating (r nt eating) that's influencing ur state f mind.
The emerging(新兴的) field f nutritinal psychlgy states that mdern Western diets have cntributed t increased rates f mental illness, particularly depressin and anxiety. Diets that fllw a Mediterranean pattern f eating — with a lt f fruits, vegetables, whle grains, nuts, beans, fish and live il — have been cnnected with lwer rates f depressin. A diet change f just a few weeks has been fund t change mds.
As a third f all Americans are reprting that the crnavirus pandemic has dne harm t their mental health, we might need nutritius fd mre than ever.
8. Why are cnvenience fds with lng shelf life designed?
A. T change shpping habits.
B. T change the taste f fd.
C. T shw the healthy fd.
D. T meet custmers’ shpping habits.
9. What des the research mentined in paragraph 3 tell us?
A. Ckies is a kind f fd yu like while sitting.
B. Fd chices may influence ur md.
C. A grwing bdy needs prper sprts.
D. Busy wrk can make yu feel depressed.
10. Hw des the authr like the Mediterranean eating diet?
A. It’s beneficial t health.
B. It includes t much fat.
C. It may cause mental illness.
D. It’s cnnected with higher rates f depressin.
11. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Can healthy fd prvide relief?
B. D fd chices affect ur shapes?
C. What can cntribute t mental illness?
D. Hw can we beat the COVID-19?
Fr decades, climate scientists have named hurricanes and ranked them accrding t the damage. “Naming and categrizing (把……归类) heat waves is als a must,” states a newly frmed internatinal unin, called the Extreme Heat Resilience Alliance. “Hurricanes get attentin because they cause bvius physical damage,” says Jennifer Marln, a climate scientist at Yale University. Heat waves, hwever, have less evident effects, since the primary damage is t human health.
Heat waves kill mre peple in the United States than any ther weather-related disaster. Data frm the Natinal Weather Service shw that frm 1986 t 2019, there were 4,257 deaths as a result f heat. By cmparisn, there were fewer deaths by flds (2,907), trnades (2,203) r hurricanes (1,405) ver the same perid. What’s mre, climate change is increasing the pssibility f high temperature events wrldwide, getting tens f thusands f peple dying each year because f heat.
Sme ppulatins are particularly easily harmed by high heat, including peple ver 65 and thse with ptential medical cnditins. Histrical racial discriminatin als puts minrity cmmunities at higher risk. Due t husing plicies, they are mre likely t live in urban areas, heat islands which lack green spaces that help cl dwn neighbrhds.
Part f the naming and ranking prcess will include defining exactly what a heat wave is. N single definitin currently exists. Withut a universally accepted definitin f a heat wave, “We dn’t have a cmmn understanding f the danger we face,” says Aarn Bernstein, an expert f the new grup. “Defined categries fr heat waves culd help lcal fficials better prepare t deal with ptential health prblems in the face f rising temperatures. And naming and categrizing heat waves culd increase public awareness f the health risks caused by these silent killers.”
The unin is having cnversatins with the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin, the Wrld Meterlgical Organizatin and ther institutins t develp a standard naming and ranking practice.
12. What d we knw abut the heat wave in America?
A. It causes mst serius physical damage.
B. It has gt mre attentin in recent years.
C. It kills mre peple than ther natural disasters.
D. It is the biggest killer amng weather-related disasters.
13. Why are minrity ppulatins easily harmed by heat waves?
A. They live in prly-built huses.B. They lack gd medical resurces.
C. They have less access t green spaces.D. They are limited in their mvements.
14. What is the authr’s attitude twards the expert mentined in Paragraph 4?
A. Supprtive.B. Negative.
C. Cnservative (保守的).D. Objective.
15. What des the text intend t tell us abut heat waves?
A. They als kill lives like hurricanes.B. They shuld have names like hurricanes.
C. Climate change is affecting them greatly.D. Measures shuld be taken t prevent them.
第三部分 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Maybe yu have a fairly gd cmmand f the English language. Are yu lking fr a place t practice and imprve yur English skills? ___16___
Get prepared. There is n need t start frm the beginning. ___17___ S, pick ut smething frm yur list f things that yu need t learn. Take a few minutes t decide why yu want t learn this infrmatin and make sure that yu fcus n that particular pint while studying. Yu can als take nte f ther interesting things, but nw, fcus n the task at hand!
Find ways t practice. Nw that yu knw what yu want t learn, jump ver t Ggle r Yah and d a quick search n yur chsen tpic f interest. ___18___ These sites will prvide yu with tls and resurces such as audi and vide files t practice what yu want t learn.
___19___ Yu studied what yu wanted t learn and nw yu need t use it in real-life situatins. Use what yu just learned n yur friends and family. Try t use it at least thirty times t really understand it well and make it a part f yu.
Make evaluatins. Once yu finish a day's wrk, sit dwn fr a few minutes and evaluate hw yu did. ___20___ Are yu still weak in certain areas f this tpic? If yu are very determined t learn English, take nte f these things. Start making plans nw and start practicing it tmrrw.
Make sure yu d these fur steps every day and yu will see yur skills prgressing steadily.
A. Put what's learned int use.
B. The fllwing steps are sure t help yu.
C. Did yu learn everything that is required?
D. Just check up and find ut where yu are weak.
E. Frm there, yu shuld be able t find sme sites.
F. Why shuld yu use what yu learned n yur friends?
G. Yu can find partners nline t help yu learn English.
第四部分 完型填空
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各选项所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’ve learned a lessn that accepting kindness is imprtant t. I’m a scial wrker and have been ____21____ mre time recently with thse unlucky peple that sme might say are less ____22____. I had a wnderful interactin this past week, when I had the ____23____ f being the receiver f kindness. I was speaking t a gentleman wh had bad luck and was in ____24____. We were just talking fr a while and getting t ____25____ each ther.
Twards the end f ur evening, he said he wanted t ____26____ me a hamburger at the nearby fast-fd restaurant. In time befre, I wuld have ____27____ that he let me buy him a meal, since he had a greater ____28____ than I. But my kindness ____29____ has taught me the imprtance f being a gd receiver, t. S I tld him if he ____30____ wanted t d that I wuld be ____31____ t share a meal with him.
It was great! He was s happy t be able t ____32____ smething like that and he was ____33____ the entire time. I felt glad t ____34____ the wnderful feeling f smene’s giving. We ____35____ sme great cnversatin and I culd see it ____36____ s much t him.
As we parted ways, instead f me feeling bad that he prbably spent his last few ____37____ n ur meal, I smiled and felt with a wnderful sense f ____38____ and gratitude. It’s nt nly fun t be a receiver f kindness,____39____ this als gives smene else the chance t be the ____40____. That is imprtant, t.
21. A. wastingB. killingC. spendingD. saving
22. A. activeB. frtunateC. scialD. familiar
23. A. chanceB. priceC. rightD. methd
24. A. hspitalB. prisnC. cmmnD. truble
25. A. knwB. hateC. lveD. encurage
26. A. brrwB. buyC. makeD. shw
27. A. advisedB. demandedC. rderedD. insisted
28. A. needB. lifeC. wishD. family
29. A. truthB. pwerC. experienceD. nature
30. A. exactlyB. reallyC. selflesslyD. briefly
31. A. happyB. generusC. sadD. reluctant
32. A. createB. prepareC. buyD. d
33. A. regrettingB. shutingC. smilingD. praising
34. A. send utB. take awayC. calm dwnD. g thrugh
35. A. missedB. avidedC. sharedD. judged
36. A. changedB. remainedC. lstD. meant
37. A. chicesB. dllarsC. effrtsD. times
38. A. respnsibilityB. prideC. cnfidenceD. cnnectin
39. A. andB. rC. butD. while
40. A. giverB. helperC. receiverD. dnr
第五部分 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If yu live in nrtheastern China, yu expect lng, cld winters. Peple ____41____ (live) in Harbin dn’t just stand the cld, hwever, they welcme it. The city is hme t the Harbin Internatinal Ice and Snw Sculpture Festival, which is cnsidered t be ____42____ largest ice festival in the wrld. Even with temperatures usually clse t zer, thusands f peple head t city parks ____43____ (see) great ice sculptures, many bathed in clred lights.
The festival includes several thusand ice sculptures, sme f ____44____ are the recreatins f castles, histric landmarks and famus peple, lit up at night in bright clrs. Visitrs can climb ice stairways and g dwn ice slides. They can als take part ____45____ sprting events, including skating, ice ftball ____46____ well as ice swimming.
The city started ____47____ (it) icy event in 1963 with the Ice Lantern Garden Party, a ____48____ (celebrate) f the traditin f creating lanterns ut f blcks f ice. The larger festival ____49____ (begin) in 1985 and added sculptures, which have grwn in number and size ver the years. As it has gtten bigger, the festival has becme ppular utside the city.
____50____ (fficial), the festival starts n January 5th and lasts ver ne mnth.
第六部分 短文改错
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My classmates made the plan t g t the seaside the ther day. I felt very excited and ask fr my parents’ permissin. T my delighted, they agreed. We gathered at 7: 30 but set ff immediately. It tk us tw hurs r s t arrive there by bike. When we arrived, there had been plenty visitrs. Sme were playing vlleyball n the beach; sme were running happy alng the seaside. In the distance, we saw a few visitrs were lying n their chairs, enjyed the beautiful sight. We cllected a lt f seashells, what made us mre than happy. We enjyed themselves that day and returned hme at abut three ’clck.
第七部分 书面表达
52. 假定你是李明，你的外国朋友Paul得知你正因疫情居家学习，来信关心并询问相关情况。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 感谢对方的关心；
2. 分享你的生活及学习情况：
3. 表达战胜疫情的信心。
注意：
1. 开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
2. 词数100词左右；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：封锁lckdwn
Dear Paul,
Hw is everything ging?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Ming
######################################################################################
【答案】1-5 BCACB 6-10 CAABA 11-15 BACAB 16-20 CBBCA
【解析】略
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging frm 13th­century religius paintings t...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religius这个词。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。由第三段中的The main West Wing huses 16th­century paintings，and artists include Lenard da Vinci...可知，达•芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达•芬奇的画。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearest undergrund statins：Charing Crss(2­minute walk)．..可知，Charing Crss离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Crss远。故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题解题思路与应试技巧
细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。
通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：
1. 对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。
2. 词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。
3. 语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。
4. 正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。
干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：
1. 将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。
2. 把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。
3. 无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。
4. 偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
5. 文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Jan Hintn的生平，不管作为一名核物理专家还是从事牛奶行业，她都竭尽全力。
1. 词句猜测题。根据第一段划线单词后的主句“she was deeply shcked when the U.S. drpped tw bmbs in Japan in 1945 during Wrld War II.(但当1945年第二次世界大战期间，美国向日本投下两颗炸弹时，她感到深深的震惊。)”以及下一句“She then quit the prject and left the U.S..(然后她退出了这个项目，离开了美国。)”可知，她对美国的行径感到震惊，也深深愧疚，所以她离开了美国。而划线单词前用了“even”，说明划线单词的意思和愧疚相反，也就是说对项目的成功她还是感到高兴的。选项A“Shwed surprise abut. (对……感到惊讶)”；选项B“Felt jy at. (对……感到高兴)”；选项C“Expressed anger ver. (对……愤怒)”；选项D“Shwed disappintment with (对……感到失望)”。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The villagers treated the U.S. scientist like they wuld be a family member.(村民们对待这位美国科学家就像对待自己的家人一样。)”可推断，村民们对她很友善。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Hintn, wh held high hpes f making milk available t the Chinese ppulatin, devted herself t the imprvement f agricultural machinery and the milk industry at large. She applied her scientific skills t develping a cntinuus-flw autmatic milk pasteurizer (巴氏杀菌机) and tending t abut 200 cws in the fllwing years.(Hintn对向中国人民提供牛奶寄予厚望，她致力于改进农业机械和整个牛奶工业。她运用自己的科学技能开发了一种连续流动的自动牛奶巴氏杀菌机，并在接下来的几年里饲养了大约200头奶牛。)”可知，她推进了奶牛饲养业的发展。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。文章第一段主要介绍了Jan Hintn作为一名核物理学家看到美国向日本投下炸弹之后，就退出了曼哈顿计划，离开了美国；文章第二段到第四段主要介绍了Jan Hintn在中国的生活；文章最后一段对Jan Hintn进行了综合评价。所以，这篇文章主要就是介绍了Jan Hintn。故选C。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。新冠状病毒已经改变了我们生活的方方面面，包括我们的饮食习惯。一些方便的，安慰食物应运而生。越来越多的研究表明，我们的食物选择不仅仅影响身体健康，还会严重影响我们的精神健康。地中海饮食模式有益于健康。三分之一的美国人报告说，冠状病毒大流行对他们的精神健康造成了伤害，我们可能比以往任何时候都更需要营养食品。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Shpping habits have changed. T be in favr f ld prcessed fds like frzen pizza, ht cakes and canned spaghetti, cnvenience fds with lng shelf life are designed.”可知，购物习惯改变了。为了支持冷冻披萨、热蛋糕和罐装意大利面等老式加工食品，设计了保质期长的方便食品。由此可知，设计保质期较长的方便食品是为了满足顾客的购物习惯。故选D项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“That’s because a grwing bdy f research is shwing that ur fd chices dn’t just affect ur shapes. What we eat als may affect ur md and behavir”可知，那是因为越来越多的研究表明，我们的食物选择不仅影响我们的体型。我们吃什么也会影响我们的情绪和行为。由此可知，第3段提到的研究告诉我们食物的选择可能会影响我们的情绪。故选B项。
3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Diets that fllw a Mediterranean pattern f eating — with a lt f fruits, vegetables, whle grains, nuts, beans, fish and live il — have been cnnected with lwer rates f depressin. A diet change f just a few weeks has been fund t change mds.”可知，遵循地中海饮食模式，多吃水果、蔬菜、全谷类、坚果、豆类、鱼类和橄榄油，与抑郁症发病率较低有关。人们发现，仅仅几周的饮食改变就能改变情绪。由此判断出，作者认为地中海饮食模式有益于健康。故选A项。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The COVID-19 has changed every aspect f ur lives, including ur eating habits. Cmfrt fd was made fr times like these, and it seems the healthy-fd trend that tk rt in recent years is reversing (彻底转变), at least fr the time being.”可知，新冠状病毒改变了我们生活的方方面面，包括我们的饮食习惯。安慰食物就是为这种时代而生的，而近年来生根发芽的健康食品趋势似乎正在逆转，至少目前是这样。以及短文介绍了越来越多的研究表明，我们的食物选择不仅仅影响身体健康，还会严重影响我们的精神健康。地中海饮食模式有益于健康。三分之一的美国人报告说，冠状病毒大流行对他们的精神健康造成了伤害，我们可能比以往任何时候都更需要营养食品。由此可知，“健康食品能提供安慰吗？”为短文最佳标题。故选A项。
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有关组织和科学家表示，高温应该像飓风一样进行命名，也介绍了高温所带来的危害和对高温进行命名和分类会带来的好处。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Heat waves kill mre peple in the United States than any ther weather-related disaster.(在美国，热浪造成的死亡人数比其他任何与天气有关的灾难都要多)”可知，在美国，热浪是与天气有关的灾害中最大的杀手。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Histrical racial discriminatin als puts minrity cmmunities at higher risk. Due t husing plicies, they are mre likely t live in urban areas, heat islands which lack green spaces that help cl dwn neighbrhds.(历史上的种族歧视也使少数族裔社区面临更高的风险。由于住房政策的原因，他们更有可能生活在城市地区，这些热岛地区缺乏有助于冷却社区的绿地。)”可知，少数民族容易受到高温的伤害因为他们很少接触绿色空间。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Part f the naming and ranking prcess will include defining exactly what a heat wave is. N single definitin currently exists. Withut a universally accepted definitin f a heat wave, “We dn’t have a cmmn understanding f the danger we face,” says Aarn Bernstein, an expert f the new grup. “Defined categries fr heat waves culd help lcal fficials better prepare t deal with ptential health prblems in the face f rising temperatures. And naming and categrizing heat waves culd increase public awareness f the health risks caused by these silent killers.””(命名和排名过程的一部分将包括准确定义什么是热浪。目前还不存在单一的定义。没有一个普遍接受的热浪的定义，“我们对我们面临的危险没有一个共同的理解，”新小组的专家Aarn Bernstein说。“确定热浪类别可以帮助当地官员在气温上升的情况下更好地准备应对潜在的健康问题。对热浪进行命名和分类可以提高公众对这些无声杀手造成的健康风险的意识。”)”可知，作者认为高温应该进行命名和排名，所以对第四段中提到的专家的态度是支持的。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Fr decades, climate scientists have named hurricanes and ranked them accrding t the damage. “Naming and categrizing（把……归类）heat waves is als a must,” states a newly frmed internatinal unin, called the Extreme Heat Resilience Alliance. “Hurricanes get attentin because they cause bvius physical damage,” says Jennifer Marln, a climate scientist at Yale University. Heat waves, hwever, have less evident effects, since the primary damage is t human health.(几十年来，气候科学家们一直根据破坏程度给飓风命名并排序。“对热浪进行命名和分类也是必须的，”一个新成立的国际联盟极端抗热能力联盟（Extreme heat Resilience Alliance）表示。耶鲁大学气候科学家詹妮弗·马龙说：“飓风之所以受到关注，是因为它们造成了明显的物理损害。”然而，热浪的影响不太明显，因为它的主要损害是人体健康。)”并结合文章主要说明了有组织和科学家表示，高温应该像飓风一样进行命名，高温所带来的危害和对高温进行命名和分类会带来的好处可知，这篇文章想告诉我们高温应该像飓风一样有名字。故选B。
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. C
【解析】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了如何提高英语技巧的四个步骤。
1. 上文“Are yu lking fr a place t practice and imprve yur English skills?”询问你是否正在寻找练习和改善英语技巧的方法，从下文四段已给出的段首来看“Get prepared.”“Find ways t practice.”“Make evaluatins.”都是具体的建议，可见此处选择 “The fllwing steps are sure t help yu.”（下面几个步骤肯定能帮助你）能起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
2. 上文“There is n need t start frm the beginning.”表示没有必要从头开始，而D选项表示只要从你薄弱的地方入手（“Just check up and find ut where yu are weak.”）进一步说明没必要从头开始，此处的薄弱环节与下文的“S, pick ut smething frm yur list f things that yu need t learn. ”（因此，从你必须学的事情清单中挑选出一样）构成顺承关系。故选D。
3. 下文的“These sites will prvide yu with tls and resurces such as audi and vide files t practice what yu want t learn.”表示这些网站将给你提供像视频或音频文件之类的工具和资源来帮助你练习你想学习的东西。可见前面一句必然提到一些网站，选项E的“Frm there”承接前面一句的“Ggle r Yah”，而“find sme sites”和后面的“these sites”相呼应。故选E。
4. 空处位于段首，概括全段。后文“Yu studied what yu wanted t learn and nw yu need t use it in real-life situatins.”讲的是你学过了你想学习的东西，而现在你需要把它应用于现实生活中。可见这一段讲的都是要学以致用。故选A。
5. 本段的主题是讲要做评估（Make evaluatins）。前文“Once yu finish a day's wrk, sit dwn fr a few minutes and evaluate hw yu did.”表明一旦你结束了一天的工作，需要坐几分钟，评估一下你学的怎么样。后文“Are yu still weak in certain areas f this tpic?”是对自己学习的具体评价，可见中间一句也是对自己的评估。选项C“Did yu learn everything that is required?”（你学了需要学的所有东西吗？）符合语境。故选C。
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过一次做社会工作者的经历明白了学会接受善意也是很重要的。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一名社会工作者，最近花了更多的时间和那些不幸的人在一起，有些人可能会说他们没那么幸运。A. wasting浪费；B. killing消磨（时间）；C. spending度过，花（时间）；D. saving节省。根据前文“I’m a scial wrker”和后文“I had a wnderful interactin this past week ”(在过去的一个星期里，我有了一个很好的互动)可知，此处是指“我”最近花了更多的时间和那些不幸的人在一起。故选C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一名社会工作者，最近花了更多的时间和那些不幸的人在一起，有些人可能会说他们没那么幸运。A. active积极主动的；B. frtunate幸运的；C. scial社会的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据“thse unlucky peple”可知，此处是指他们没那么幸运。故选B。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一周里，我有了一个很好的互动，当我有机会成为善意的接受者。A. chance机会；B. price价格；C. right权利；D. methd方法。根据后文“he let me buy him a meal”(他让我请他吃饭)和“taught me the imprtance f being a gd receiver”(教会了我成为一个好的接受者的重要性)可知，此处是指“我”作为一名社会工作者有了一次成为善意的接受者的机会。故选A。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我当时正和一位倒霉的绅士谈话，他遇到了麻烦。A. hspital医院；B. prisn监狱，牢房；C. cmmn公共用地；D. truble麻烦。根据“wh had bad luck”可知，此处是指他遇到了麻烦。故选D。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只是聊了一会儿，了解一下对方。A. knw了解；B. hate讨厌；C. lve爱；D. encurage鼓励。根据“We were just talking fr a while and getting t”可知，此处是指逐渐了解对方。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚上快结束的时候，他说他想在附近的快餐店给我买一个汉堡。A. brrw借；B. buy买；C. make制作；D. shw展示。根据“at the nearby fast-fd restaurant”可知，此处是指买一个汉堡。故选B。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：要是在以前，我会坚持他让我给他买一顿饭，因为他比我更需要。A. advised建议；B. demanded要求；C. rdered命令；D. insisted坚持。根据“that he let me buy him a meal”和“has taught me the imprtance f being a gd receiver, t ”(也教会了我成为一个好的接受者的重要性)可知，此处是指要是在以前“我”会坚持他让“我”给他买一顿饭。故选D。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：要是在以前，我会坚持他让我给他买一顿饭，因为他比我更需要。A. need需要；B. life生活；C. wish愿望；D. family家庭。根据“a gentleman wh had bad luck”可知，此处是指他比“我”更需要。故选A。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的善良经历也教会了我成为一个好的接受者的重要性。A. truth真相；B. pwer力量；C. experience经历；D. nature自然。根据“has taught me the imprtance f being a gd receiver, t”可知，此处是指“我”的善良经历。故选C。
10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我告诉他，如果他真的想这么做，我很乐意与他分享一顿饭。A. exactly精确地，确切地；B. really确实的，的确（用于加强语气）；C. selflessly无私地；D. briefly简短地，简要地。根据“wanted t d that”可知，此处是指如果他真的想这么做。故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我告诉他，如果他真的想这么做，我很乐意与他分享一顿饭。A. happy快乐的；B. generus慷慨的；C. sad伤心的；D. reluctant勉强的。根据“the imprtance f being a gd receiver”可知，此处是指很乐意与他分享一顿饭。故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴能这样做，他一直都很开心。A. create创造；B. prepare准备；C. buy购买；D. d做。根据“smething like that”可知，此处是指他很高兴能这样做。故选D。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很高兴能这样做，他一直都很开心。A. regretting遗憾；B. shuting大喊；C. smiling微笑；D. praising表扬。根据“He was s happy”可知，此处是指他一直都在微笑。故选C。
14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很高兴能带走别人给予我的美妙感觉。A. send ut分发；B. take away带走；C. calm dwn（使）平静下来；D. g thrugh经历。根据“the wnderful feeling f smene’s giving”和后文“As we parted ways”(当我们分手的时候)可知，此处是指带走别人给予“我”的美妙感觉。故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了一些很棒的谈话，我可以看出这对他来说意义重大。A. missed错过；B. avided避免；C. shared分享；D. judged判断。根据“sme great cnversatin”可知，此处是指分享了一些很棒的谈话。故选C。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了一些很棒的谈话，我可以看出这对他来说意义重大。A. changed改变；B. remained保持；C. lst失去；D. meant意味着。根据“sme great cnversatin”可知，此处是指“我”们的谈话对他来说意义重大。故选D。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们分手时，我没有为他可能把最后几块钱花在我们的餐费上而感到难过，而是微笑着，带着一种奇妙的联系和感激之情。A. chices选择；B. dllars美元；C. effrts努力；D. times次数。根据“n ur meal”可知，此处是指身处困难中的他可能把最后几块钱花在“我”们的餐费上。故选B。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们分手时，我没有为他可能把最后几块钱花在我们的餐费上而感到难过，而是微笑着，带着一种奇妙的联系和感激之情。A. respnsibility责任；B. pride骄傲；C. cnfidence信心；D. cnnectin联系。根据后文“It’s nt nly fun t be a receiver f kindness”(做一个善意的接受者不仅有趣)和 “this als gives smene else the chance”(这也给了别人机会)可知，此处是指两人之间的联系。故选D。
19. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：做一个善意的接受者不仅很有趣，而且这也给了其他人成为给予者的机会。A. and并且；B. r或者；C. but但是；D. while尽管。“nt als...”意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定句式。故选C。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：做一个善意的接受者不仅很有趣，而且这也给了其他人成为给予者的机会。A. giver给予者；B. helper帮助者；C. receiver接受者；D. dnr捐赠者。根据“gives smene else”可知，此处是指给别人成为给予者的机会。故选A。
【答案】41. living 42. the 43. t see 44. which 45. in 46. as 47. its 48. celebratin 49. began 50. Officially
【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国哈尔滨国际冰雪雕塑节的发展历史、庆祝活动和持续时间。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：住在哈尔滨的人不只是忍受寒冷，他们还欢迎它。分析句子可知，句中谓语是dn’t just stand，动词live做非谓语，与逻辑主语 peple是主动关系，故用其现在分词living作后置定语。故填living。
2. 考查冠词。句意：哈尔滨国际冰雪节被认为是世界上最大的冰雪节。largest是最高级，前面需加定冠词the。故填the。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：即使气温通常接近零度，仍有成千上万的人前往城市公园观看壮观的冰雕，许多人沐浴在彩灯下。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t see。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：冰雕节包括数千个冰雕，其中一些是城堡、历史地标和名人的娱乐作品，它们在晚上被明亮的颜色点亮。分析可知，空格处是“介词+which/whm”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词sculptures是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
5. 考查介词。句意：他们也可以参加体育项目，包括滑冰，冰上足球和冰上游泳。take part in意为“参加”，是固定搭配。故填in。
6. 考查固定搭配。句意：他们也可以参加体育项目，包括滑冰，冰上足球和冰上游泳。as well as意为“也；而且”，是固定搭配，用于连接多个并列概念。故填as。
7. 考查代词。句意：这座城市从1963年开始举办冰灯活动，当时举办了冰灯游园会，庆祝用冰块制作灯笼的传统。根据语境可知，空格处用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词“icy event”，故填its。
8. 考查名词。句意：这座城市从1963年开始举办冰灯活动，当时举办了冰灯游园会，庆祝用冰块制作灯笼的传统。根据空格前不定冠词a可知，此处应用celebrate的名词单数形式，celebratin意为“庆祝”。故填celebratin。
9. 考查时态。句意：这个规模更大的节日始于1985年，并增加了雕塑，这些雕塑的数量和大小逐年增长。根据时间状语in1985可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词begin用过去式。故填began。
10. 考查副词。句意：据官方说法，节日从1月5日开始，持续一个多月。修饰整个句子应用fficial的副词形式fficially，意为“官方地”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Officially。
【答案】1. the→a
2. ask→asked
3. delighted→delight
4. but→and
5. 在plenty后加f
6. happy→happily
7. 去掉lying前的were
8. enjyed→enjying
9. what→which
10. themselves→urselves
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者和同学们去海边玩儿的经历。
1. 考查冠词。句意：我的同学前几天制定了一个去海边的计划。plan是第一次提到，前面用不定冠词，plan是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故将the改为a。
2. 考查时态。句意：我感到很兴奋，并请求我的父母的允许。and前后时态一致，由前面的felt并结合句意可知，and后的句子时态也是一般过去时，ask应改为过去式asked，故将ask改为asked。
3. 考查名词。句意：令我高兴的是，他们同意了。t ne’s delight是固定短语，意为“让某人高兴的是”，故将delighted改为delight。
4. 考查连词。句意：我们七点半集合，马上就出发了。“gathered at 7: 30”和“set ff immediately”是一前一后发生的两个动作，用and连接，故将but改为and。
5. 考查固定短语。句意：当我们到达时，已经有很多游客了。plenty f是固定短语，意为“大量的”，故在plenty后加f。
6.考查副词。句意：有些人在沙滩上打排球;一些人沿着海边快乐地奔跑。修饰动词running应用副词形式happily，意为“快乐地”，故将happy改为happily。
7. 考查固定短语。句意：在远处，我们看到几个游客正躺在椅子上，欣赏着美丽的景色。see sb. ding是固定短语，意为“看见某人正在做某事”，were是多余，故去掉lying前的were。
8. 考查现在分词。句意：在远处，我们看到几个游客正躺在椅子上，欣赏着美丽的景色。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是saw，enjy应用非谓语动词，visitrs和enjy之间是主谓关系，因此应用现在分词enjying表主动，故将enjyed改为enjying。
9. 考查定语从句。句意：我们收集了许多贝壳，这使我们非常高兴。分析句子结构可知，“made us mre than happy”是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面主句所描述的事情，因此应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故将what改为which。
10. 考查反身代词。句意：那天我们玩得很开心，大约3点钟回到家。句中主语是We，因此是“我们玩得很开心”，是enjy urselves，故将themselves改为urselves。
【答案】Dear Paul,
Hw is everything ging? I’ve received the letter yu sent t me in which yu expressed yur sincere cncern. Thanks fr yur cncern. Nw, I’d like t tell yu smething abut my study and life after lckdwn.
As yu can see, we have t stay at hme and study nline because f the COVID-19. I think everything is gd except that we can’t g ut frequently. Besides, a series f nline curses that ur schl ffered, including Chinese, math, English and ther required curses, ccupies all f my time. Hwever, I believe we will vercme the epidemic sn and return t schl with the help f peple frm varius areas.
Hw’s yur life recently? Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Ming
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。外国朋友Paul得知你正因疫情居家学习，写信来关心并询问相关情况，要求考生写一封回信。
1. 词汇积累
诚挚的：sincere → genuine
一系列：a series f → a range f
提供：ffer → prvide
占据：ccupy → take up
2. 句式拓展
同义句
原句：Besides, a series f nline curses that ur schl ffered, including Chinese, math, English and ther required curses, ccupies all f my time.
拓展句：What’s mre, I am ttally taken up by a wide range f nline curses ffered by ur schl, including Chinese, math, English and ther required curses.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’ve received the letter yu sent t me in which yu expressed yur sincere cncern.（运用了in which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】As yu can see, we have t stay at hme and study nline because f the COVID-19.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句和并列结构）