高中英语Unit 1 Back to school评课ppt课件

这是一份高中英语Unit 1 Back to school评课ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了materials，noun，verb，an apple，句子成分有无主次之分，树有很多结构，男性女性等内容，欢迎下载使用。
What did yu see in the vide?
What's the structure?
It is the way in which the parts f smething are cnnected tgether, arranged r rganized.
Structures everywhere
What's the element?
It is a necessary r typical part f a given structure.
Structures are cmpsed f elements.
What's the relatinship between structures and elements?
What makes up elements?
木材的特点：有弹性弥补榫和卯之间的多与少、高与低、长与短
An element can be made up f different materials, usually mre than ne kind.
钢板瓦、玻璃钢瓦、粘土瓦、硫璃瓦、西洋瓦、石膏天花、玻璃棉天花、矿棉天花、铝天花、PVC塑料天花、复合天花、钢板拱顶等。
One material in sme elements can be usually replaced by anther while smetimes the material in thers is unique and irreplaceable.
Only when prper materials are used t make up elements and when necessary elements are put in place, can the whle structure wrk well. Otherwise, the structure wuld fall dwn.
D sentences have structures?
The man visited Beijing when he lived there.
when he lived there.
Sentence structures are made up f sentence elements.
Sentence elements differ in the types f materials.
Materials f sentence elements: wrds phrases clauses
man(nun) visit(verb)
Besides nuns and verbs, are there any ther type f wrds?
Parts f speech (Wrd classes)
冠词 (article)
数词 (numeral)
形容词 (adjective)
副词 (adverb)
介词 (prepsitin)
连词 (cnjunctin)
感叹词 (exclamatin)
when he lived there
Back t sentence elements
attributive
predicative
sentence elements
S: 我是榫。P: 我是卯。S: 我们一起把架搭。P: 我是墙。S: 我是顶。P: 我们就能成个家。S: We are necessary.
主语—习惯于发号施令，偶尔也会被赶下台
在句子中，主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。主语一般位于句子开头，且不能省略。但在某些特定的句式里，如：疑问句、倒装句、祈使句、感叹句等，句子主语也可以“下台”而位于谓语动词之后或省略。能够充当主语的主要有名词(短语)、代词、数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)和从句等。
My schl is planning t hld class meetings abut Chinese traditinal culture and will pst sme f the meetings n an English website. T let China g t the wrld and let the wrld understand China is my first aim.What is the mst impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and clrful lakes.
谓语—坚决服从主语“领导”，执行命令雷厉风行
谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征，常位于主语之后。谓语可由动词或动词短语、系表结构以及“助动词/情态动词＋实义动词”充当，有时态、语态和语气的变化，同时又受到主语人称和数的制约。谓语的构成如下：
简单谓语：由一个实义动词或动词短语构成。They advised getting the whle class invlved in a brainstrm cnference fr studying mre effectively.The text mainly fcuses n the stry f a rbt.
复合谓语：(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成；(2)由系动词加表语构成。These stries can relieve my stress and braden my hrizn.Shy and negative, I was uncnfident t jin in any activity during that time.
并列谓语：由两个以上动词并列作谓语，中间用and或r连结。I lked arund and finally sptted David, wh was standing by himself ff t the side by a fence.She puts her hand int her pcket, takes ut her red cell phne and presses the talk key.
谓语动词如何并列？两个谓语动词并列：谓语 1 and 谓语 2三个以上谓语动词并列：谓语 1，谓语 2 and 谓语 3谓语 1，谓语 2，谓语 3 and 谓语 4
一个句子有几个谓语动词？
He likes plays ftball.He likes playing ftball.She sat n the sfa, watched TV.She sat n the sfa and watched TV.The by cmes frm the USA, he likes Chinese fd.The by cmes frm the USA and he likes Chinese fd.
有且只有一个谓语动词。
宾语—一直受到压制，有时“翻身农奴把歌唱”
宾语表示谓语动作的对象，一般位于及物动词或介词的后面，受到主语的限制和制约。宾语一般由名词(短语)、宾格代词、数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式或宾语从句等充当，根据需要也可用it作形式宾语。宾语在被动结构中才会“翻身农奴把歌唱”成为主语。
双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语)Serving as my rle mdel, my mther has given me valuable spiritual wealth, and definitely, she deserves the highest praise! 复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)I wuld like yu t give us yur guidance and encuragement.
补语—始终寄人篱下，永远成不了主人
补语也叫补足语，主要起补充说明的作用，最常见的是宾语补足语和主语补足语，所以说它寄人篱下，成不了“主人”。补足语可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式(短语)、分词、介词短语或从句等充当。
All the students cnsider him an excellent teacher.Upn appraching the huse, I nticed my dad and mm standing beside the ld truck, lking upset.He was seen playing basketball n the playgrund yesterday.
表语—最会察言观色，就看“主子”脸色
表语一般位于系动词(如be, becme, get, lk, grw, turn, seem等)之后，用以说明主语这个“主子”的身份、特征和状态等，一般由名词、名词性物主代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句等充当。
The lakes lks beautiful and calm.Mre imprtantly, the ther reasn is that the dcumentaries present a splendid picture f China in frnt f their audiences — its histry, fd, art and s n.
定语—鞍前马后搞服务，全心全意勤务兵
修饰或限定名词或代词的词、短语或从句被称为定语。定语服务于它所修饰或限定的名词或代词，可由形容词、数词、形容词性物主代词、介词短语、非谓语动词或定语从句等充当。定语有前置和后置两种情况，如短语结构、从句等作定语时，常置于被修饰词之后。
Rich peple are nt always the happy nes.As yu see, the students in ur schl are always hard-wrking.My dream t be admitted int my favrite university will cme true.
状语—行踪飘忽不定，却对动词“情有独钟”
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分叫作状语。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、条件、让步、方式、程度等意义。状语可由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、状语从句等充当。
状语在句子中的位置很灵活，所以说它“行踪飘忽不定”。常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构后，强调时放在句首，修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般放在时间状语之前；一些表示频度的副词(如ften，almst等)作状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后、实义动词之前。副词多用来修饰动词，故说它对动词“情有独钟”。In my grwing up, she frequently reminded me f the belief— t value educatin and t be helpful.The ceremny was scheduled t be held n June 8.Learning the COVID-19 appeared, he put himself int the battle again.
同位语—总是玩失踪，特殊场合还是“显露原形”
对句子中的名词(短语)或代词作进一步解释、说明，与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫作同位语。英语句子表达中一般情况下是没有同位语的，所以说它爱玩失踪。如果要对前面名词的具体内容作进一步的说明，这时候就需要同位语，可谓“显露原形”。可以用作同位语的有：名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、动名词和从句等。
When we were abut t leave, the bear appeared frm a distance, running twards us, with three ther bears, a mther bear and tw baby bears.The mst belved and respected persn arund me is my teacher, Ms Li.
sentenceelements
Apples taste gd.I like apples.This is an apple tree.I will g t Beijing tmrrw.I find her a kind girl.He is a writer.The man, a great inventr, died.
I like English.We all like him.My bk is n the table.It's me.They all study in this schl.
Fur is the duble f tw.There are many apples. He nly eat tw.Tw wrkers are enugh.He is thirty.We ten are all frm China.
It is an interesting film.I find the film interesting.The film is interesting.
It is raining heavily.The man is very fat.He runs t fast.The light abve is n.The class is ver.Keep the dg ut.
He wrks in a cmpany.They left here yesterday.
The man in the rm is a teacher.They are talking in the rm.We kept the by in the rm.The family are in the rm.
Swimming is my hbby.I like swimming.This is a swimming pl.His hbby is swimming.He likes his hbby, swimming.
T becme a teacher is his dream.He wants t becme a teacher.I want smething t eat.She gt up early t catch the train.They asked her t lk after the baby.My dream is t becme a teacher.
It is a brken cup.Punished by his father, the by cried.I saw him making a kite.The cup is brken.
What he said is wrng.I think that it will rain.The bk that I bught is expensive.When yu crss the rad, yu shuld be careful.The fact is that yu can never succeed.The news that they will marry surprises us.
冠词名词代词数词动词形容词副词介词短语动名词动词不定式分词从句
主语谓语宾语定语状语补语表语同位语
The man, ur English teacher, tld us t keep quiet in the reading rm.
The man, ur teacher, tld us t keep quiet in the rm.（删减定语）The man, ur teacher, tld us t keep quiet.（删减状语）The man tld us t keep quiet.（删减同位语）
primaryelements
secndaryelements
cmpare and think
英语句子都长什么样？都有什么样的结构？
English sentences are made up f eight elements while sentence structures cnsist f nly five f them, that is, primary elements.
Five basic structures
结构一：简约却不简单的“主语＋谓语(vi.)(＋状语)” SV
主谓结构中谓语常用来表示主语的动作或状态。这种句型中的谓语动词为不及物动词或不及物动词短语，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。但不能接宾语，也没有被动语态。
In the envirnment, teachers and students are living happily and wrking hard.The upcming music festival will take place in ur schl.
结构二：众人青睐的“主谓宾(＋状语)” SVO
“主谓宾”句型之所以受到中国英语学习者的青睐，是因为它跟我们的思维方式最接近，因而这个句型是运用最多的。它的基本结构是：主语＋谓语(vt.)＋宾语(＋状语)。该句型中的谓语是及物动词或者及物动词短语。
Bth teachers and students hpe t hld such activities again.I am lking frward t enjying yur wnderful lecture.
结构三：独一无二的“主系表” SVP
汉语没有表语这一说法，这样就显得英语的“主系表”结构比较有个性了，因此我们说此结构是独一无二的。它主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。它的基本结构是：主语＋系动词(linking.v.)＋表语。这种句型无被动语态，也无进行时态。谓语动词需用系动词，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、非谓语动词形式或从句等。常见的系动词有be，还有感官系动词(sund, lk, smell, taste, feel)；变化系动词(becme, get, grw, turn, g, fall, run)；持续系动词(remain, keep, hld, stay)；表象系动词(seem, appear, lk)等。
The traditinal Chinese dress lks mre beautiful and stylish.Nw we feel released and very energetic in class.
结构四：一拖二的“主谓宾宾” SVOO
“主谓宾宾”这类句型在写作中常常用到，具有独特的魅力。与及物动词跟一个单个的宾语结构相比，双宾语结构的独特之处在于一个动词与两个名词(短语)相互作用。它的基本结构是：主语＋谓语(vt.)＋间接宾语(人)＋直接宾语(物)。
1．间接宾语一般位于直接宾语的前面，如果间接宾语在直接宾语的后面，那么中间需要加上一个介词。可用介词t来变换间接宾语的动词：give, ffer, hand, shw, thrw, pass, pay, send, sell, tell, lend, write 等。(如：give sb. sth.＝give sth. t sb.)Hwever busy he is, he writes me an e-mail every week.＝Hwever busy he is, he writes an e-mail t me every week.Mr Smith gave me sme advice and lent me an English dictinary.＝Mr Smith gave sme advice t me and lent an English dictinary t me.
2．可用介词fr来变换间接宾语的动词：make, buy, ck, find, get, rder, sing, spare, fetch等。(如：make sb.sth.＝make sth.fr sb.)He bught me a bicycle.＝He bught a bicycle fr me.Can yu get me sme stamps？＝Can yu get sme stamps fr me?
结构五：缺一不可的“主谓宾补” SVOC
“主谓宾补”句式结构中的谓语虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的，直接跟在宾语之后。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。宾语补足语可以由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当。它的基本结构是：主语＋谓语(vt.)＋宾语＋宾语补足语。
We all call him a living dictinary.It was Mr Liu wh made me aware f the imprtance f learning English well.He saw me waiting in the rain.Our maths teacher always encurages us t wrk ut the questins by urselves instead f being tld the answers.The student has made it a rule t read English magazines every day.
SVSVOSVPSVOOSVOC
动词的不同属性决定了其选择的不同，决定了句子结构的不同。
修饰性成分扩大组合倒装省略
Hw t decmpse a sentence?
The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
名词代词名词性从句非谓语动词
时态被动语态虚拟语气情态动词主谓一致倒装结构
形容词介词短语定语从句非谓语动词
副词介词短语状语从句非谓语动词
培养英语句子成分分析意识
用理性思维学习英语语法