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    人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 5 Music学案

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    这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 5 Music学案,共10页。
    The past participle as the predicative and adverbial导学案
    姓名: _________ 班级: ____________
    1. T review the basic usages f the past participle as the predicative and adverbial.
    2. T learn t use sme special cases cncerning the past participle as the predicative and adverbial flexibly.
    1. T appreciate the functin f the past participle as the predicative and adverbial in a sentence
    2. T write essays using the past participle as the predicative and adverbial.
    The past participle as the predicative and adverbial
    Step1:自主探究。
    1.(教材P52)______________(bear) in the USA n 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University f Nevada in 1988.
    2.(教材P52) ______________ (mve) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing clr fr the first time.”
    3.(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt s alne and ______________ (discurage).
    4.(教材P58) ______________ (encurage) by this first perfrmance and the psitive reactin f the audience, I have cntinued t play the pian and enjy it mre every day.
    Step2:语法要点精析。
    用法1:过去分词作表语
    1).过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, lk, becme等之后作表语,表示主语所处的状态
    Tm was ______________ t see a snake mving acrss the flr.(astnish)
    汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。
    Finally the baby felt ______________ f playing with thse tys.(tire)
    终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。
    注意:1).过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
    过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态;而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。
    The library is nw ______________.(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。(clse)
    The cup was ______________(break) by my little sister yesterday.(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。
    2)感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
    过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态,常译作“感到……的”;现在分词多表示事物具有的特性,常译作“令人……的”。
    We were ______________(amaze) at what he said at the meeting.
    我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
    His wrds were ______________(discurage), which made many peple ______________(discurage).
    他的话令人泄气,使得很多人灰心丧气。
    总结:英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉的”,多用来修饰物;其过去分词表示被动意义,即“人被引起某种感觉的”,多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。
    常用的这类词有:exciting /excited astnishing /astnished delighting /delighted disappinting/disappinted encuraging/encuraged frightening/frightened interesting/interested mving/mved pleased/pleasing
    The man standing there lks ______________, and the little by is ______________(frighten).
    站在那里的那个人看起来很可怕,小男孩吓着了。
    The news was ______________ and we were ______________ the whle night.(excite)
    这则消息令人激动,我们激动了整整一晚上。
    用法2:过去分词作状语
    过去分词作状语的类型
    过去分词作状语,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式/伴随和结果,相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语,且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
    1.过去分词作时间状语
    过去分词作时间状语时,相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等,使其时间意义更明确。
    ______________(lk) at frm a distance, the painting seems much mre beautiful.
    →When it is lked at frm a distance, the painting seems much mre beautiful.
    当从远处看时,这幅画似乎更美了。
    ______________(ask) fr his views abut his teaching jb, Philip said he fund it very interesting and rewarding.
    →When he was asked fr his views abut his teaching jb, Philip said he fund it very interesting and rewarding.
    当被问到对教学工作的看法时,菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。
    2.过去分词作原因状语
    过去分词作原因状语时,可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句,这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
    ______________(wrry) abut the exam, I was unsettled in these days.
    →Because I was wrried abut the exam, I was unsettled in these days.
    由于担心考试,我这几天感到不安。
    3.过去分词作条件状语
    过去分词作条件状语时,可转换为if, nce或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
    __________(grw) in rich sil, these seeds can grw fast.
    →If they are grwn in rich sil, these seeds can grw fast.
    如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
    ______________(give) a few minutes, I’ll finish the reprt.
    →If I am given a few minutes, I’ll finish the reprt.
    再给我几分钟的时间,我就会完成这个报告。
    4.过去分词作让步状语
    过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个以thugh/althugh引导的让步状语从句。
    ______________(encurage) by his parents, he still has n cnfidence in vercming the difficulties.
    →Thugh he was encuraged by his parents, he still has n cnfidence in vercming the difficulties.
    尽管受到了父母的鼓励,他仍然没有信心克服困难。
    ______________(invite) by him, I wn’t take part in the party.
    →Thugh I was invited by him, I wn’t take part in the party.
    即使被他邀请,我也不会参加聚会。
    5.过去分词作方式/伴随状语
    过去分词作方式或伴随状语时,通常不能转换为状语从句,但可用并列分句代替。
    The patient gt ff the bed, ______________(supprt) by the nurse.
    →The patient gt ff the bed, and he was supprted by the nurse.
    那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。
    She accepted the gift, deeply ______________(mve).
    →She accepted the gift, and she was deeply mved.
    她接受了礼物,深深地被感动了。
    注意:有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构,作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有:lst(迷路); seated(坐); hidden(躲); lst/absrbed in(沉溺于); dressed in(穿着); tired f(厌烦)。
    ______________(lse ) in thught, he didn’t hear the bell.
    由于陷入沉思之中,他没有听到铃声。
    过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
    过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即表示被动;现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即表示主动。
    分词作状语记忆口诀
    分词作状语,主语是问题。前后两动作,共用一主语。
    主语找出后,再来判关系。主动用­ing,被动用­ed。
    ______________(use) fr a lng time, the bk lks ld.(动宾关系)
    由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去陈旧。
    ______________(use) the bk, I find it very useful.(主谓关系)
    在使用这本书时,我发现它很有用。
    1.I quickly lwer myself,ducking my head t avid lking directly int his eyes s he desn’t feel ____________(challenge).
    2.Ordinary sap,____________(use) crrectly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
    3.Everyne was silent, ____________(wait) t see wh wuld be called upn t read his r her paragraph alud.
    【答案】
    The past participle as the predicative and adverbial
    Step1:自主探究。
    1.(教材P52)Brn(bear) in the USA n 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University f Nevada in 1988.
    2.(教材P52) Mved(mve) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing clr fr the first time.”
    3.(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt s alne and discuraged(discurage).
    4.(教材P58)Encuraged(encurage) by this first perfrmance and the psitive reactin f the audience, I have cntinued t play the pian and enjy it mre every day.
    Step2:语法要点精析。
    用法1:过去分词作表语
    1).过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, lk, becme等之后作表语,表示主语所处的状态
    Tm was astnished t see a snake mving acrss the flr.
    汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。
    Finally the baby felt tired f playing with thse tys.
    终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。
    注意:1).过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
    过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态;而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。
    The library is nw clsed.(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。
    The cup was brken by my little sister yesterday.(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。
    2)感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
    过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态,常译作“感到……的”;现在分词多表示事物具有的特性,常译作“令人……的”。
    We were amazed at what he said at the meeting.
    我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
    His wrds were discuraging, which made many peple discuraged.
    他的话令人泄气,使得很多人灰心丧气。
    总结:英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉的”,多用来修饰物;其过去分词表示被动意义,即“人被引起某种感觉的”,多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。
    常用的这类词有:exciting /excited astnishing /astnished delighting /delighted disappinting/disappinted encuraging/encuraged frightening/frightened interesting/interested mving/mved pleased/pleasing
    The man standing there lks frightening, and the little by is frightened.
    站在那里的那个人看起来很可怕,小男孩吓着了。
    The news was exciting and we were excited the whle night.
    这则消息令人激动,我们激动了整整一晚上。
    用法2:过去分词作状语
    过去分词作状语的类型
    过去分词作状语,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式/伴随和结果,相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语,且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
    1.过去分词作时间状语
    过去分词作时间状语时,相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等,使其时间意义更明确。
    Lked at frm a distance, the painting seems much mre beautiful.
    →When it is lked at frm a distance, the painting seems much mre beautiful.
    当从远处看时,这幅画似乎更美了。
    Asked fr his views abut his teaching jb, Philip said he fund it very interesting and rewarding.
    →When he was asked fr his views abut his teaching jb, Philip said he fund it very interesting and rewarding.
    当被问到对教学工作的看法时,菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。
    2.过去分词作原因状语
    过去分词作原因状语时,可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句,这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
    Wrried abut the exam, I was unsettled in these days.
    →Because I was wrried abut the exam, I was unsettled in these days.
    由于担心考试,我这几天感到不安。
    3.过去分词作条件状语
    过去分词作条件状语时,可转换为if, nce或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
    Grwn in rich sil, these seeds can grw fast.
    →If they are grwn in rich sil, these seeds can grw fast.
    如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
    Given a few minutes, I’ll finish the reprt.
    →If I am given a few minutes, I’ll finish the reprt.
    再给我几分钟的时间,我就会完成这个报告。
    4.过去分词作让步状语
    过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个以thugh/althugh引导的让步状语从句。
    Encuraged by his parents, he still has n cnfidence in vercming the difficulties.
    →Thugh he was encuraged by his parents, he still has n cnfidence in vercming the difficulties.
    尽管受到了父母的鼓励,他仍然没有信心克服困难。
    Invited by him, I wn’t take part in the party.
    →Thugh I was invited by him, I wn’t take part in the party.
    即使被他邀请,我也不会参加聚会。
    5.过去分词作方式/伴随状语
    过去分词作方式或伴随状语时,通常不能转换为状语从句,但可用并列分句代替。
    The patient gt ff the bed, supprted by the nurse.
    →The patient gt ff the bed, and he was supprted by the nurse.
    那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。
    She accepted the gift, deeply mved.
    →She accepted the gift, and she was deeply mved.
    她接受了礼物,深深地被感动了。
    注意:有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构,作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有:lst(迷路); seated(坐); hidden(躲); lst/absrbed in(沉溺于); dressed in(穿着); tired f(厌烦)。
    Lst in thught, he didn’t hear the bell.
    由于陷入沉思之中,他没有听到铃声。
    过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
    过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即表示被动;现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即表示主动。
    分词作状语记忆口诀
    分词作状语,主语是问题。前后两动作,共用一主语。
    主语找出后,再来判关系。主动用­ing,被动用­ed。
    Used fr a lng time, the bk lks ld.(动宾关系)
    由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去陈旧。
    Using the bk, I find it very useful.(主谓关系)
    在使用这本书时,我发现它很有用。
    1.I quickly lwer myself,ducking my head t avid lking directly int his eyes s he desn’t feel ____________(challenge).
    【解析】:考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。连系动词feel后要接形容词作表语。challenged adj.受到挑战的;challenging adj.困难的,富有挑战性的。 由语境可知,填challenged。
    【答案】:challenged
    2.Ordinary sap,____________(use) crrectly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
    【解析】:考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:普通的香皂,只要使用正确,就可以有效除菌。use与其逻辑主语为被动关系,故填过去分词used。
    【答案】:used
    3.Everyne was silent, ____________(wait) t see wh wuld be called upn t read his r her paragraph alud.
    【解析】:考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Everyne与wait为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,故填waiting。
    【答案】:waiting

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