2022-2023学年甘肃省民勤县第一中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年甘肃省民勤县第一中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题含答案，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分)， Wh is Mike?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 民勤一中2022-2023学年度第一学期开学考试试卷
高二英语
（时间：120分钟 总分：150分）
第一部分 听力(共两节。共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does Cindy know much about animals?
A. She works on a farm. B. She really likes animals. C. She once lived on the farm.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The modern lifestyle. B. A painting. C. A trip to the countryside.
3. What does Mary probably do?
A. She is a journalist. B. She is a firefighter. C. She is an animal trainer.
4. Who is Mike?
A. The woman's husband. B. The woman's father. C. The woman's son.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Assistant and shopper. C. Customer and repairman.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Who does the woman want to buy a sofa for?
A. Her sister. B. Her friend. C. Herself.
7. Where are the speakers?
A. In a grocery store. B. In a bedding shop. C. In a supermarket.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman have to do?
A. Write two essays.
B. Prepare a research paper.
C. Study for an English test.
9. How does the woman feel about her classes?
A. Excited. B. Stressed. C. Bored.
10. What is The Grapes of Wrath?
A. A short story. B. A movie. C. A sad book.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What has made working at home possible?
A. Living far from workplaces.
B. Communication industry.
C. More job opportunities.
12. What is the advantage of working at home according to the woman?
A. Saving more time.
B. Having a lot of freedom.
C. Taking care of the family easily.
13. What might happen in the future in the woman’s opinion?
A. British company will move overseas.
B All companies will employ homeworkers.
C. People will work at home for a foreign company.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is Penny's current problem?
A. She has a toothache. B. She has a sore throat. C. She has an earache.
15. How often will Penny take the medicine?
A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day.
16. When does the conversation take place?
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Thursday.
17. What does the man ask Penny to do in the end?
A. Make an appointment.
B. Go to the medicine shop.
C. Take the medicine properly.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. How many factors of car accidents are mentioned?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.
19. What measure has been taken to reduce car accidents?
A. Improved highway design
B. Stricter traffic management.
C. Strengthened training for drivers.
20. What is increasing attention turning to?
A. Poor traffic control. B. Some driverless cars. C. Drivers' carelessness.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Mona Lisa, the mysterious woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s 16th century masterpiece, had just given birth to her second son when she sat for the painting, a French art expert said on Tuesday. The discovery was made by a team of Canadian scientists who used special infrared (红外线的) and three-dimensional (三维的) technology to study the paint layers on the work, which now sits in the Louvre Museum in Paris.
Bruno Mottin of the French Museums’ Centre for Research and Restoration said that on very close examination of the painting it became clear that Mona Lisa’s dress was covered in a thin transparent gauze veil (透明面纱) .
“This type of gauze dress was typical of the kind worn in early 16th century in Italy by women who were pregnant or who had just given birth. This is something that had never been seen up to now because the painting was always judged to be dark and difficult to examine,” he told a news conference.
“We can now say that this painting by Leonardo da Vinci was painted in memory of the birth of the second son of Mona Lisa which helps us to date it more precisely to around 1503.” The young woman with the ambiguous half smile has been identified as Lisa Gherardini, wife of Florentine merchant Francesco del Giocondo. She had five children.
“People always wrote that Mona Lisa had allowed her hair to hang freely over her shoulders. This greatly surprised historians because letting your hair hang freely during the Renaissance was typical of young girls and women of poor virtue”, he said.
The team had hoped to discover more details about Leonardo’s painting techniques, which the artist used to create a hazy (朦胧的) effect. But scientist John Taylor said the team had been disappointed by the lack of brush stroke detail on the painting.
1. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. the research has been carried out in France
B. Mona Lisa was painted in 1503
C. in Leonardo’s time women could only wear short hair
D. the most difficult part is to identify the paint layers
2. What is probably the best title for the passage?
A. Mona Lisa, the mysterious woman
B. Mona Lisa was a new mother
C. Great discovery in painting
D. Leonardo’s painting technique
3. The information reported in the passage was first got from ________.
A. a newspaper B. the Internet C. a news conference D. the museum
B
Contrary to the long-held belief that plants in the natural world are always in competition, new research has found that in severe environments adult plants help smaller ones and grow well as a result.
The research, led by Dr Rocio, studied adult and seedling (幼苗) plants in the ecological desert in the south-east of Spain.
Dr Rocio said, “If you’re a seedling in a poor land — the top of a mountain or a sand hill, for example—and you’re lucky enough to end up underneath a big plant, your chances of survival are certainly better than if you landed somewhere on your own. What we have found, which was surprising, is an established large plant, called a ‘nurse’, protects a seedling; it also produces more flowers than the same plants of similar large size growing on their own.”
Other benefits of nurse-seedling partnerships include that more variety of plants growing together can have a positive effect on the environment. For example, vegetation areas with nurse plants with more flowers might be able to attract higher numbers of pollinators (传粉者) in an area, in turn supporting insect and soil life and even provide a greater range of different fruit types for birds and other animals.
“The biggest winner for this system of nursing a plant is biodiversity (生物多样性),” Dr Rocio said. “The more biodiversity an area, the greater number of species of plants, insect life, mammals and birds, and the better the chances of long-term healthy functioning of the environment and ecosystems.” This system is win-win for adult and seedling plants in unfavorable environments.
The research is of value to those who manage and protect plants in tough environments. Most home gardeners and farmers plan to ensure their soil and conditions are the best they can be for plant growth, but the findings might be of value to those who garden in bare places.
4. What is a common understanding of plants?
A. They can help each other. B. They can survive ill conditions.
C. They compete with each other. D. They grow well on their own.
5. What will happen to seedling plants if they grow under adult plants?
A. They will produce more flowers. B. They will die owing to competition.
C. They will make adult plants larger. D. They will benefit from adult plants.
6. Who will benefit from the new research?
A. People studying organic farming.
B. People protecting plants on sand hills.
C. People wanting to change biodiversity.
D. People keeping more animals on the farm.
C
A new concept vehicle, Pod was introduced by Toyota and Sony at the Tokyo motor show. The car is intended as a four-wheeled friend. It aims to provide affection, sympathy and encouragement. Like a dog welcoming its master, the car sits up, wags its tail and acknowledges its owner’s presence using hydraulics(液压装置) and a multi-coloured LED display panel(引擎) across the front.
While on the road, the car constantly monitors the driver’s mood with pulse and sweat sensors on the joystick(操纵杆). Cameras focused on the eyes keep watch for any sigh of drowsiness. If a driver appears to be losing his or her cool, Pod will display warnings, play soft music and blow cold air at the face. Drivers are shaken awake with loud music and a shaking chair.
To improve driving skills, Pod uses a comparison to score drivers, offer advice and rank all Pod owners. Toyota claims that the car will eventually be able to learn its owner’s likes and dislikes by monitoring passenger conversations. If the car hears a favorite song being discussed, it will download the track from the Internet and play it without being asked. It will also recommend restaurants that might suit the driver’s taste and take photographs of passengers when they sound particularly happy.
In keeping with the moodiness that is the car’s main selling point, Pod expresses a form of road anger. If a driver brakes or swerves(急转弯) suddenly, the LED panel shows an angry red and the tail rises at the back.
Anger is one of the car’s ten “emotional states”. Another is sadness — a blue front with tear-shaped lights seemingly dropping from headlights — which appears after a flat tire or when gas is low.
“We wanted to show that the cars can be cheerful and entertaining,” said Yasunori Sakamoto, part of the Toyota design team. Mr Sakamoto said Toyota has no plans to put Pod on the market. Sad, really.
7. The underlined word “drowsiness” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A. fear B. boredom
C. excitement D. sleepiness
8. According to the text, Pod can ________.
A. rank the restaurant nearby B. recommend a song to passenger
C. have a conversation with drivers D. assess the driver's driving skills
9. What is the author's attitude towards Pod?
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful.
C. Pessimistic. D. Tolerant.
D
Many people confuse hard-working people with workaholics (工作狂). How could a person tell that he/she is a workaholic? A workaholic works long hours, at the expense of personal relationships and health. When not working, they’re thinking about work. Work influences their mood: when work is going well, they’re up; when work is going less well, they’re down.
Working, or simply being busy, can be a hard habit to break. When workaholics aren’t busy working—or doing something to promote their work—they feel anxious and guilty. They hang onto jobs for dear life and do everything they can to make sure they’re essential.
There is a link between health problems and workaholism. Just because work itself is a respectable pursuit (追求) doesn’t mean that an addiction to it is any less damaging than other sorts of addictions. A number of studies show that workaholism has been associated with a wide range of health problems, such as anxiety and heart disease.
Besides health problems, being a workaholic brings other negative effects as well. A study published in the American Journal of Family Therapy found that working too much negatively influenced an employee’s marriage. This isn’t surprising, since if you’re married to your work, it can be difficult to be married to anything, or anyone, else. There have also been studies looking at the influence of workaholic parents on their children and the news isn’t good. Adult children of workaholic fathers experienced more depression and anxiety and a weaker sense of self.
However, there are also many positive aspects to working hard and to an increasing devotion to career. Hard work can bring great rewards. For many, it’s how they develop feelings of self-worth and confidence and purpose. If you have a workaholic in your life, you might point out the things he or she is missing out on while at work, whether it’s a child’s soccer game, a good book, or a yoga class. Seek to understand why the person feels the need to work so much and support them in finding a solution.
10. What can we infer about workaholics?
A. They put work in the first place.
B. They usually have life outside work.
C. They often get pleasure from work.
D. They win respect from their workmates.
11. What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about?
A. Bad influences of workaholism.
B. Reasons for being workaholics.
C. How people deal with their addictions.
D. How hard-working people differ from workaholics.
12. What can we do to help workaholics in life?
A. Force them to join family activities.
B. Reward them for their hard work.
C. Help them find self-worth and confidence.
D. Try to understand and support them.
E
Faraday was the inventor of the electric generator (发电机) and the electric motor. Faraday’s father suffered from long-time health problems. As a result, Faraday’s family had little money and Faraday got only the least formal schooling. Actually, he sometimes had only enough to eat. But Faraday was curious and determined to learn. While working in London as a teenager, he had a chance to know various books and he read everything he could get his hands on. Thus Faraday soon educated himself on a variety of scientific subjects, and his life as a scientist began.
In 1812, Faraday attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy. Afterwards Faraday sent a letter to Davy, expressing a strong interest in the subjects covered in the lectures and offering his services as a helper. A year later, Davy accepted Faraday as his lab assistant. Davy also took Faraday with him on an 18-month tour of Europe, where Faraday met some of the most famous scientists of the day.
Thanks to his work with Davy, Faraday gained a complete scientific education. He soon began to do research and experiments with electricity. He constructed two machines to create electromagnetic rotation(电磁旋转), the force used to power electric motors. Apart from helping Davy mostly, Faraday began to appear on his own as a chemist and scientist of great importance. He began to give frequent lectures. Soon he was accepted as a gifted lecturer and published many research papers.
When Davy retired in 1827, Faraday took his place as the head of the chemistry department of the Royal Institute. Upon accepting the position, he could focus on his own research, and Faraday’s best-known work began in the 1830s. In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction (感应). And for the next eight years Faraday worked long hours in the laboratory which did harm to his health. By the end of the decade he was in such poor health that his research did not begin again until 1845.
In the mid-1850s, as Faraday gradually lost the ability to take care of himself, he was forced to retire from his scientific studies. Queen Victoria offered him Faraday knighthood (爵士封号), but he refused it. He lived at Hampton Court, which Queen Victoria offered him, until his death on August 25, 1867.
13. The text is mainly developed by ________.
A. giving examples B. analysing causes
C. making comparisons D. following the time order
14. Faraday offered to be Davy’s helper because he wanted to ________.
A. meet other famous scientists B. travel all over the world
C get more chances to give lectures D. learn more about science
15. Which shows the correct order of the following events?
① Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction.
② Faraday taught himself on various scientific subjects.
③Faraday had an opportunity to do research and conduct experiments.
④Faraday began delivering speeches frequently and had many research papers published.
⑤Faraday met Davy and a year later he was fortunate enough to serve as Davy’s lab assistant.
A. ⑤②③④① B. ②⑤③④① C. ⑤③①②④ D. ②①⑤③④
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Food is life;it gives us the nourishment (营养) we need to stay alive and be healthy. ____16____
Brian Wansink, a professor at the University of Illinois, says we also eat certain foods because they make us feel good, and remind us of happy memories. Wansink calls this kind of food comfort food. For some people, ice cream is a comfort food. For others, a bowl of noodles soup makes them feel good.
____17____ Professor Wansink believes that we connect food with important times, feelings, and people in our lives. “When I was a child, my mother made a delicious soup; I loved it. ____18____ And it helps me feel better,” says one of Wansink’s coworkers.
Do men and women choose different comfort foods? Wansink’s research at the University of Illinois says “yes”. In his study, the favorite comfort food for both men and women was ice cream. After this, men usually preferred hot, savory (香的) foods like soup or noodles. ____19____ Men and women like to eat comfort foods when they are happy, but women eat these foods more when they are sad or worried.
____20____ About 40 percent of the comfort foods in Wansink’s study were healthy main dishes or soups and vegetables. It shows, says Wansink, that a comfort food can taste good and be good for you.
A. Not all comfort food is junk food.
B. Where can we buy this sort of food?
C. Sweet foods are also their preference.
D. How does a food become a comfort food?
E. Usually, we eat because we are hungry or need energy.
F. Women like sweet things such as chocolate and cookies.
G. Now, I often have this kind of food when I am tired or worried.
第三部分 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Avi Hatami had his ear buds(耳塞) in, studying for a medical exam. He didn't hear the first call for ___21___ help on the train out of Syosset. When another___22___came about a minute later, the would-be doctor pulled out the buds and___23___.
Hatami, who graduated from medical school in Mexico 10 months ago___24___to the next car. He found a man had collapsed(昏倒) in his seat and looked very ___25___.
Hatami put Brad Wieboldt on the floor, and started ___26___CPR(心肺复苏), pressing down on his chest.
Soon, some color returned to Wieboldt's face. A crowd aboard the train had___27___ the scene, and people started cheering and___28___Wieboldt to hang on." The people could see his color coming back, so...they got ___29___, Hatami said. But he knew Wieboldt was _____30_____near death.
After the train pulled into Westbury. Nassau County police EMTs(紧急救护技术员) came aboard and _____31_____Hatami backed away, letting them do their job. Then Wieboldt was_____32_____to a hospital in Mineola, where doctors treated him for a heart attack.
Wieboldt did_____33_____. He woke up five days later, though he remembers_____34_____of what happened. He was______35______from the hospital last Thursday, and doctors say he is doing well.
For days, Wieboldt did not know the_____36_____of the medical student who saved him. But after Wieboldt's story appeared in the media last week, the two_____37_____through a common friend who posted one of the stories on social media. On Wednesday, they met face to face_____38_____on the platform of the station in Syosset, where they both had boarded the train on March18. They hugged, and Wieboldt thanked Hatami for _____39_____ his life.
"Without you, there is just no question I wouldn't be here," Wieboldt said during the_____40_____
21. A. legal B. medical C. financial D. technical
22. A. word B. message C. announcement D. opportunity
23. A. listened B. rested C. watched D. smiled
24. A. returned B. looked C. rushed D. walked
25. A. cool B. relaxed C. calm D. pale
26. A. learning B. performing C. practicing D. receiving
27. A. surrounded B. left C. set D. examined
28. A. ordering B. requesting C. encouraging D. reminding
29. A. surprising B. serious C. curious D. excited
30. A. still B. also C. yet D. just
31. A. turned up B. took over C. settled down D. gave up
32. A. taken B. led C. invited D. forced
33. A. try B. die C. succeed D. survive
34. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
35. A. fired B. released C. removed D. driven
36. A. identity B. address C. degree D. number
37. A. agreed B. understood C. arrived D. connected
38. A. at any time B. for the first time C. from time to time D. in good time
39. A. creating B. honoring C. saving D. guiding
40. A. speech B. interview C. journey D. meeting
第四部分单词拼写（共50小题；每小题1分，满分50分）
41. The police have completed their investigation into the d________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
42. Firefighters took action ________ (立即)to stop the fire spreading. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
43. The valley spread out b________ us. (根据首字母单词拼写)
44. They realized police had ________ (包围) the building. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
45. Later he r________ the whole story to me. (根据首字母单词拼写)
46. Visitors are not p________ to take photographs. （根据首字母单词拼写）
47. The prisoners a________ to escape, but failed. (根据首字母单词拼写）
48. The word was later c ________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
49. He was ________ (同时代的) with the dramatist Caoyu. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50 The concert will be ________ (播出)live. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
51. His ________ (书法) is the clearest I have ever seen. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
52. He i________ his knees playing football. （根据首字母单词拼写）
53. There are no fewer 100 different ________ (物种)in the area. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
54. You need to be more ______ (灵活的) and imaginative in your approach. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
55 He_________(捐赠）thousands of pounds to charity last year. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
56. The Titanic ________ (沉没) after hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
57. Illegally parked vehicles will be ________ (移走). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
58. He was ________ (释放)with the help of the lawyer. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
59. Humans take in oxygen and breathe out ________ (碳)dioxide. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
60. The local government has ________ (采取) effective measures to decrease unemployment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
61. He has ________ (建立)a good working relationship with his boss. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
62. He was unable to escape the ________ (残忍)of war. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
63. He gradually added more and more ________ (虚构的)elements. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
64. Everyone was on their feet ________ (鼓掌)wildly. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
65. It is hard to tell the difference between the two ________ (版本). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
66. We are using the limited resources ________ (可得到的). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
67. The money will be spent on new ________ (装备). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
68. Many ________ (市民) saw the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games on TV. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
69. The boys are setting off ________ (烟花). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
70. The shell surrounding the egg has many important ________ (作用). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. His first novel was ________ (出版) in 1998. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. ________ (骆驼)are known as “ships of the desert ”. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
73. ________ (消费者) are very nervous about the future. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
74. The development of ________ (农业) is faster than ever before. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. His father ________ (创立) the college in 1895. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
76. Expressions like this are called ________ (习语). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
77. The bridge was ________ (毁掉) so we couldn’t get across the river. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
78. He ________ (打开)the map and set it on the floor. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
79. The two countries have always _____(保持) close relations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
80. Cheats will be ________ (取消资格). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
81. Do we ________ (过) Christmas? （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
82. They ________ (交换) phone numbers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
83. I ______ (惊慌) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
84. A plastic bag is ________ (漂浮) in the water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
85. He doesn’t want to be a ________ (令人讨厌的人). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
86. The lights shone like ________ (钻石). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
87. He gave an exact ________ (描述)of the thief. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
88. He can ________ (认出)distant objects. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
89. We need speed and ________ (强度). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
90. The car accident ________ (夺去)three lives. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
答案

听力答案：1-20 CBACC ABABC BACCB CABAB

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. E 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D
41. disaster##isaster 42. immediately 43. beneath##eneath 44. surrounded
45. related##elated 46. permitted##ermitted 47. attempted
48. confirmed##onfirmed 49. contemporary
50. broadcast 51. calligraphy 52. injured##njured 53. species 54. flexible
55. donated 56. sank 57. removed 58. released 59. carbon
60. adopted##taken 61. Established 62. cruelty 63. fictional 64. applauding
65. versions 66. available 67. equipment 68. citizens
69. fireworks 70. functions
71. published 72. Camels 73. Consumers 74. agriculture
75. founded 76. idioms 77. destroyed 78. unfolded 79. maintained
80.disqualified 81.observe 82.exchanged 83.panicked
84.floating 85.nuisance 86.diamonds 87.description
88.distinguish 89.intensity 90.claimed