2021-2022学年福建省龙岩市高二下学期期末教学质量检查英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年福建省龙岩市高二下学期期末教学质量检查英语试题含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了 答题前，考生务必用0， 第Ⅱ卷必须用0等内容，欢迎下载使用。

龙岩市2021~2022年第二学期期末高二教学质量检查
英语试题
（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，总分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man worried about?
A. Being late. B. Parking the car. C. Driving in traffic.
2. What happened at the end of the movie?
A. The bad guy got away. B. The detective was killed. C. The bad guy got caught.
3. Which part of the woman's body was affected by the long walk?
A. Her feet. B. Her hands. C. Her legs.
4. How many days of practice will the speakers have?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.
5. Why does the man need to go out?
A. To search for some paint. B. To paint the fence. C. To buy a paint brush.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，总分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is wrong with the man?
A. He feels hot. B. He feels sick. C. He feels thirsty.
7. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Take a break. B. Drink some water. C. Focus on his report.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When will the speakers meet?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Saturday.
9. How many hours of classes is the man taking on the weekends?
A. Two. B. Four. C. Seven.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 What can be said about the man?
A. He reads a lot. B. He has poor eating habits. C. He seldom goes to the gym.
11. What does the man think is healthy for mind?
A. Eating different things. B. Traveling around. C. Doing more exercise.
12. Where is the man going next month?
A. To Australia. B. To Europe. C. To Africa.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In an apartment. B. In a hotel. C. In a cottage.
14. What is the weather like?
A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
15. What will the man do next?
A. Light a fire. B. Pour drinks. C. Make dinner.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Tour guide and tourist. B. Shopkeeper and customer. C. Husband and wife.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the main topic of the talk?
A. A pet adoption charity. B. An ad for pet sales. C. Pet products.
18. What can people do on the charity's website?
A. Donate money. B. Buy an animal directly. C. Learn some information about pets.
19. When are visitors unable to see animals?
A. In the mornings. B. In the afternoons. C. In the evenings.
20. How much do people need to spend getting a bird?
A. £45. B. £70. C. £120.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Fred Hollows Foundation has a very clear goal: we’re putting an end to avoidable blindness. When this day comes, people in developing countries will get the same quality eye care the rest of the world takes for granted-and we won't stop until this is done.
The Fred Hollows Foundation now works in more than 25 countries and has restored sight to over two and a half million people worldwide. This couldn’t have been achieved without the great support of the Australian public. We’re as determined now as ever to end avoidable blindness. 4 out of 5 people who are blind don't need to be-there remains so much to do.
Fred Hollows is a legendary Australian whose work continues to change the world today. Fred never took no for an answer, and he never let anyone tell him something couldn’t be done-especially when it came to restoring sight. The work he started all those years ago showed us that one person really can make a difference. And so can you, by becoming a monthly donor.
Join Fred’s Team
By giving a small donation every month, you will be joining Fred’s team.
Monthly giving is the most effective way to donate-we count on your monthly donations to be able to plan ahead and provide support to people living with avoidable blindness in over 25 countries around the world.
Become a monthly donor and keep Fred's vision alive.
·$25 (Your monthly gift will help restore sight to one person)
·$50 (Your monthly gift will help restore sight to two persons)
·$100 (Your monthly gift will help restore sight to four persons)
·$200 (Your monthly gift will help build an eye clinic)
Help us by donating an amount of your choice.
1. What’s the aim of the Fred Hollows Foundation?
A. To avoid blindness. B. To bring health to the blind.
C. To help the needlessly blind recover sight. D. To cure people’s eyes in developed countries.
2. Which of the following can best describe Fred Hollows?
A. Patient. B. Considerate. C. Popular. D. Determined.
3. How much should you donate monthly to help 3 persons?
A. $50. B. $75. C. $100. D. $200.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的The Fred Hollows 基金组织。该组织目的是帮助那些不必要的盲人恢复视力。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Fred Hollows Foundation has a very clear goal: we’re putting an end to avoidable blindness. ”(弗雷德·霍洛斯基金会有一个非常明确的目标：我们要终结可以避免的失明。)可知，该基金的目标是帮助那些不必要的盲人恢复视力。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Fred Hollows is a legendary Australian whose work continues to change the world today. Fred never took no for an answer, and he never let anyone tell him something couldn’t be done-especially when it came to restoring sight.”(弗雷德·霍洛斯是一位传奇的澳大利亚人，他的工作至今仍在改变着世界。弗雷德从不接受否定的回答，他从不让任何人告诉他一些做不到的事情——特别是在恢复视力方面。)可知，他是一个坚决的人。D选项determined意为“坚决的”符合句意。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“$25(Your monthly gift will help restore sight to one person) $50(Your monthly gift will help restore sight to two persons)”(25美元将帮助一个人恢复视力；50美元将帮助两个人恢复视力。)可知，帮助三个人恢复视力则需要每个月捐赠75美元。故选B。
B
I live in San Luis Obispo, California, about three miles from the beach. Every few years, the humpback whales come into the bay for a few days while they’re migrating.
Last November was one of those times. So I invited my friend Liz Cottriel to go out to watch whales. Shortly after we set out in the morning, we had our first whale sighting: two humpbacks swimming towards us. How amazing to be that close to a creature that size! We followed them at a distance of more like 60 feet away-what I thought was a distance. I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away.
Suddenly, we were being attacked. A tight package of fish, known as whales’ food, started jumping out of the water into our kayak. Their actions meant they were escaping the whales, which meant that we needed to get out of there too. But before we could paddle to safety, our kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, held up by massive jaws. We slipped out of the kayak into the whale’s mouth. My body was swallowed. Liz, meanwhile, was looking up directly at the whale’s upper jaw, which she later described as a big white wall.
As the whale’s mouth closed, Liz forced her arm up to block it from crushing her. I felt the creature begin to dive and had no idea how deep we’d be dragged. Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking, I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe. Whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats. Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That included us. As soon as the whale dipped underwater, it ejected us, and we popped back up onto the surface about a foot apart. The entire near-death experience lasted only about 10 seconds.
We were shaken up by the experience. Liz said her whale-watching days were over. But I had to laugh when I realized I’d brought back a souvenir. When I pulled off my shirt, six silverfish dropped out.
4. What happened unexpectedly during the whale sighting?
A. The whales jumped out of water. B. The fish ran away from the whales.
C. The fish drew whales to the kayak. D. The kayak kept too close to the whales.
5. What does the underlined word “ejected” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Captured. B. Abandoned. C. Crushed. D. Dragged.
6. What helped the author survive?
A. Her wisdom and bravery. B. Her care and coincidence.
C. Her determination and confidence. D. Her calmness and good luck.
7. What’s the tone of the author in the last paragraph?
A. Excited. B. Humorous. C. Contradictory. D. Relieved.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者他们在看鲸鱼时候，因为距离太近，被鲸鱼吞了下去，幸好作者保持冷静，最终获救。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We followed them at a distance of more like 60 feet away-what I thought was a distance. I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away.(我们跟在他们后面，大约有60英尺远——我以为有一段距离。后来我发现，建议保持300英尺的距离)”可知，在发现鲸鱼的过程中，皮艇离鲸鱼太近。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That included us.”可知，凡是鲸鱼吞不下去的东西，就会吐出来。包括作者他们，所以鲸鱼一潜入水底，它就放弃了作者他们，故画线词意思是“放弃”。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking, I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe. Whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats. Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That included us. As soon as the whale dipped underwater, it ejected us, and we popped back up onto the surface about a foot apart. The entire near-death experience lasted only about 10 seconds.(不过，我没有惊慌。我一直在想，我必须要反抗。我要呼吸。鲸鱼的嘴很大，但喉咙很小。凡是他们吞不下去的东西，就会吐出来。包括我们。鲸鱼一潜入水底，它就把我们抛了出去，我们又浮出水面，相隔大约一英尺。整个濒死体验只持续了大约10秒)”可知，是冷静和好运帮助作者生存了下来。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We were shaken up by the experience. Liz said her whale-watching days were over. But I had to laugh when I realized I’d brought back a souvenir. When I pulled off my shirt, six silverfish dropped out.(我们为这一经历感到震惊。利兹说她看鲸的日子结束了。但当我意识到我带回了一件纪念品时，我不得不笑了。当我脱掉衬衫时，六条银鱼掉了出来)”可推知，作者在最后一段的语气是幽默的。故选B。
C
As Americans slowly return to the office, they are rethinking their clothing choices at work. After two years of working from home in exercise clothes, many people now want to be comfortable while looking professional in the office. And companies are trying to keep up with the demand for "business comfort" clothing.
Kay Martin-Pence, who works for a drug company, used to wear structured business clothes, like dress pants and blazers（统一服装）, and high-heel shoes to work before the pandemic, but now wears comfortable clothes, including stylish jeans and flowing shirts, along with lower-heel shoes.
Adam Galinsky, a social psychologist at Columbia Business School, who studies the connection between what people wear and how they think, said that people will knowingly think about what they will wear to the office. They may compare themselves to others and think about the situation they are in.
Clothing companies also witnessed the changing demand. From January to March of 2022, money from sales of sports pants for office wears increased three times. There is a high demand for comfortable shirts and pull-on pants. The most common kind of shoe for the workplace is sneakers. And sales of dress shoes are 34 percent lower than in 2019.
As more workers want to feel comfortable in their work clothes, some are excited to trick themselves up again. One such worker is 42-year-old Emily Kirchner of Stevensville, Michigan. She said she is spending money on new clothes including blue jeans, shirts, and even blazers. As a mother of a young child, she wants to feel her best when she leaves the house. "It's kind of fun to trick up," Kirchner said. "It's kind of like that back-to-school feeling."
8. What leads to the changes in clothing choice at work?
A. Demand of business. B. Influence of pandemic.
C. Following the trend. D. Dressing in comfort long.
9. What does Galinsky mean when referring to office wear?
A. People judge by feelings. B. People like to be unique.
C. People consult others in wear. D. People care about their wear.
10. What do we know about Emily Kirchner from the last paragraph?
A. She differs from others. B. She prefers professional clothes.
C. She is fond of dressing up. D. She overspends on new clothes.
11. What is the suitable title for the text?
A. Comfortable Changes to Office Wear B. Urgent Demand for Comfortable Clothing
C. Increased Sales in Sports Jeans Globally D. Connection between Wear and Concept
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。阐述了在穿着运动服在家工作了两年之后，许多人现在希望在办公室里既穿着舒适，又看起来很专业。办公室着装逐步注重舒适度。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ After two years of working from home in exercise clothes, many people now want to be comfortable while looking professional in the office. And companies are trying to keep up with the demand for "business comfort" clothing.”（在穿着运动服在家工作了两年之后，许多人现在希望在办公室里既穿着舒适，又看起来很专业。公司也在努力满足人们对“商务舒适”服装的需求。）可知，由于疫情疫情影响，在过去两年中，人们习惯了穿着运动服在家工作。故长时间追求舒适的穿着改变了人们重新回归工作后的衣着选择。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“people will knowingly think about what they will wear to the office. They may compare themselves to others and think about the situation they are in.”（人们会有意地考虑自己在办公室穿什么。他们可能会把自己和别人比较，思考他们所处的情况。）可知，人们会把自己穿着和别人比较，思考别人的情况。故人们很在意自己的穿着。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中第一句“One such worker is 42-year-old Emily Kirchner of Stevensville, Michigan. She said she is spending money on new clothes including blue jeans, shirts, and even blazers. ”（密歇根州斯蒂文斯维尔42岁的艾米丽·基什内尔就是这样一位工人。她说她会花钱买新衣服，包括蓝色牛仔裤、衬衫，甚至是运动夹克。）可知，她会花钱买新衣服，可知她是一个喜欢打扮的人。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“After two years of working from home in exercise clothes, many people now want to be comfortable while looking professional in the office. And companies are trying to keep up with the demand for "business comfort" clothing.”（在穿着运动服在家工作了两年之后，许多人现在希望在办公室里既穿着舒适，又看起来很专业。公司也在努力满足人们对“商务舒适”服装的需求。）可知，在疫情的影响之下，当前许多办公室的工作人员追求的是舒适的衣着。所以短文的最佳标题为“办公室服装的舒适改变”。故选A。
D
This year, people around the world are lining up to buy electric vehicles even as prices increase. Electric vehicle, EV, demand has stayed strong even as the average cost of lithiumion (锂离子) battery cells increased to an estimated $160 per kilowatt-hour in the first quarter from $105 last year. Costs rose due to supply issues, restrictions on Russian metals and investor speculation (投机).
For a smaller vehicle like the Hongguang Mini, the best-selling EV in China, the higher battery costs added almost $1,500, equal to 30 percent of the listed price. But gasoline and diesel fuel costs have also increased since the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and experts noted that environmental concerns are also pushing more buyers to choose EVs.
Manufacturers from Tesla to SAIC-GM-Wuling, which makes the Hongguang Mini, have passed higher costs on to consumers with price increases for EVs. More may be coming. Andy Palmer, chairman of Slovak EV battery maker InoBat, said, “rising costs will have to be passed onto carmakers.” But EV shoppers have so far not slowed down. Worldwide EV sales in the first quarter jumped nearly 120 percent, said the website EV-volumes.com.
Venkat Srinivasan is director of the Center for Collaborative Energy Storage Science at the U.S. government’s Argonne National Laboratory in Chicago. He said, “more and more people would buy EVs despite the cost of the battery and the vehicle.”
This increase in battery costs could be an unusual short-term change in a situation in which improving technology and growing production have pushed costs down for almost 30 years. Industry data showed that the $105 per kilowatt hour average cost in 2021 was down nearly 99 percent from over $7,500 in 1991.
Experts say battery costs could stay high for the next year or so, but then another large drop is likely as big investments by automakers and suppliers change the balance from shortage to surplus. “It’s like a bubble (泡沫) and for that bubble to settle down, it’s going to be at least the end of 2023,” said Prabhakar Patil, a former LG Chem executive.
The industry has long been awaiting the battery cell cost of $100 per kilowatt-hour, as a signal EVs were reaching a similar cost to fossil-fuel vehicles. But with gasoline prices high and consumer preferences changing, such cost considerations may no longer matter as much, experts say.
12. Why does the author mention Hongguang Mini?
A. To present a fact. B. To give an example. C. To introduce a topic. D. To make an assumption.
13. What will possibly lead to the drop in battery costs in the future?
A. More EV shops. B. Production growth. C. Sufficient supplies. D. Technology improvement.
14. What does the author think of the prospect of EVs?
A. Promising. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Confusing.
15. What can be inferred from the text?
A. At present demands for EVs beat supply. B. People concern price more when buying cars.
C EVs sell much better than fossil-fuel vehicles. D. People prefer EV mainly because of conflict.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述的是由于俄罗斯和乌克兰冲突以及环保问题，汽油和柴油的价格有所上涨，越来越多人选择电动汽车。随着电动汽车电池成本的增加，电动汽车的价格也是水涨船高，即便如此，世界各地的人们仍在排队购买。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“For a smaller vehicle like the Hongguang Mini, the best-selling EV in China, the higher battery costs added almost $1,500, equal to 30 percent of the listed price. ”（对于中国最畅销的电动汽车——红光Mini这样的小型汽车来说，更高的电池成本增加了近1500美元，相当于标价的30%。）可知，此处是承接文章第一段中的“Electric vehicle, EV, demand has stayed strong even as the average cost of lithiumion(锂离子)battery cells increased to an estimated $160 per kilowatt-hour in the first quarter from $105 last year. ”（尽管第一季度锂离子电池的平均成本从去年的105美元/千瓦时上升到160美元/千瓦时，电动汽车的需求仍然强劲。）中的客观事实，故文中第二段提到the Hongguang Mini是举例子来说明锂离子电子电池成本上升的事实。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Experts say battery costs could stay high for the next year or so, but then another large drop is likely as big investments by automakers and suppliers change the balance from shortage to surplus. ”（专家表示，电池成本可能在未来一年左右保持在高位，但随后可能会出现另一次大幅下降，因为汽车制造商和供应商的大笔投资将电池从短缺转为过剩。）可知，在未来导致电池成本价格降低的原因是汽车制造商和供应商的大笔投资将电池从短缺转为过剩。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ But with gasoline prices high and consumer preferences changing, such cost considerations may no longer matter as much, experts say.”（但专家说，随着汽油价格高企和消费者偏好的改变，这种成本考虑可能不再那么重要。）可知，这是专家的观点，作者在文中并未提及未来电动汽车的前景，关于电动汽车的论述都是以客观的态度来陈述。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“This year, people around the world are lining up to buy electric vehicles even as prices increase. ”（今年，尽管电动汽车价格上涨，但世界各地的人们仍在排队购买。）以及倒数第二段中“but then another large drop is likely as big investments by automakers and suppliers change the balance from shortage to surplus.”（但随着汽车制造商和供应商的大笔投资将供需平衡从短缺转为过剩，可能会出现另一次大幅下降。）可知，当下对电动汽车的供需是短缺状态。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Grow a Child's Love of Gardening
If you want your children to become ready, willing and able gardeners, here are the steps you should take early.
Get your children interested
The first step is to get your child interested in plants. ____16____. Taking your child to a plant store is another good place to start. There they can smell the flowers and touch other plants.
Teach your children well
Children are not old enough to care for a plant by themselves. They need adults to teach them and set an example. They copy adults. ____17____. Another great way to lead them into gardening is to have them grow plants from seeds. This is very effective when the plants such as carrots are things they like to eat.
Give them a job
____18____. Find a gardening task that fits their age. They can fill containers with soil. You can show them how to water and how to place labels. You can also show them how to provide the right amount of light. Small children can help in other ways, such as taking dead flowers off a plant, hunting worms or pulling weeds.
____19____
Most important, however, is to have the proper attitude as head gardener and teacher. Adults' teaching a child about gardening needs an easygoing attitude. Learning is about making mistakes. It is usually stepping on plants and accidentally pulling things that are not weeds. Sometimes they remove all the flowers. Instead of getting angry, just put the flowers into containers and set them near the bare plants. ____20____.
A. Give them guidance
B. Take it easy in the garden
C. Children love gardening
D. Don't forget that children like responsibility
E. So let them see how much you enjoy working with plants
F. This is a bit difficult because of competition from electronics
G. The little attitude adjustment on your part will surely lead to their lasting passion for gardening
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述的是培养孩子对园艺的喜爱的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文的“The first step is to get your child interested in plants.”（第一步是让孩子对植物产生兴趣。）可知，让孩子喜欢园艺的第一步就是要让他们对植物产生兴趣。F选项“This is a bit difficult because of competition from electronics”（这有点困难，因为电子产品的竞争。）中的this指代的就是上文的“让孩子们对植物产生兴趣”， F选项承接上文。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据前文的“They copy adults.”（他们模仿成年人。）可知，孩子们会模仿成人的行为，故成人要给孩子做好榜样。E选项“So let them see how much you enjoy working with plants.”（所以让他们看到你有多喜欢和植物一起工作。）可知，当大人们对植物展现出热爱的时候，孩子们也会受到影响，同样也会喜欢上植物。E承接上文。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Give them a job.”（给他们一份工作）以及下文的“Find a gardening task that fits their age. They can fill containers with soil. You can show them how to water and how to place labels. ”（找一个适合他们年龄的园艺任务。他们可以用泥土填满容器。你可以告诉他们如何浇水和如何贴标签。）可知，给孩子们安排具体的园艺任务，让孩子们在具体的工作中体会责任感，从而爱上植物。D选项“Don't forget that children like responsibility.”（别忘了孩子喜欢承担责任。）中的responsibility指代的就是下文中的具体园艺任务。故选D。
【19题详解】
第四题为段落标题。根据前文的黑体字，可知此题应该是祈使句的句子结构。根据后文的“Most important, however, is to have the proper attitude as head gardener and teacher. Adults' teaching a child about gardening needs an easygoing attitude.”（然而，最重要的是要有作为园长和老师的正确态度。大人教孩子园艺需要一种随和的态度。）可知，在种植花园的时候，院长和老师要以正确的态度来引导他们，这种态度一定是随和的，让孩子们感觉到轻松。B选项“Take it easy in the garden.”（在花园中要轻松一点）与此对应，强调的是轻松的随和的态度，同时又是祈使句结构。故选B
【20题详解】
根据本段段旨“Take it easy in the garden.”（在花园中要轻松一点），可知本段强调的是在花园中，要以随和的态度对待孩子们。根据前文的“ Sometimes they remove all the flowers. Instead of getting angry, just put the flowers into containers and set them near the bare plants. ”（有时他们会把所有的花都拿走。不要生气，把花放在容器里，放在光秃秃的植物旁边。）可知，即使孩子们在花园中犯了错误，也不要生气。故G选项中“The little attitude adjustment on your part will surely lead to their lasting passion for gardening.”（你态度上的小小调整一定会让他们对园艺产生持久的热情。）中的The little attitude adjustment指代就是前文中“不要生气而是随和对待孩子在花园中的错误”，G承接上文。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peyton Manker, an 18-year-old girl from Illinois, has been getting a lot of attention on social media lately. In order to ____21____ this year's Stuck at Prom（舞会）contest, in which participants can have a chance to ____22____ a $10,000 scholarship, she used dozens of rolls of ____23____ to make a unique prom dress.
“I decided to make the dress ____24____ the pandemic, because I knew no one in the ____25____ was going to be able to recreate it,” Manker said. “I knew I would ____26____ in that way and I wanted to base it off of what was happening in the world.” The pandemic infects many people, causes deaths, and has widespread social and economic ____27____.
____28____ COVID-19, her prom and graduation ceremony were canceled this year, but this didn't stop Peyton Manker from ____29____ just under 400 hours of work and 41 rolls of duct tape into her prom dress. The amazing dress _____30_____ various coronavirus-related scenes, _____31_____ front-line medical personnel wearing face masks, people fighting with a giant coronavirus and a（n）_____32_____ graduation ceremony.
“The entire dress is supposed to represent the pandemic in a _____33_____ light,” Peyton said. “I don't want people to think about the dress as just trying to _____34_____ a moment in history. It is a _____35_____ that we go through it.”
21. A. organize B. attend C. hold D. conduct
22. A. accept B. offer C. create D. win
23. A. tape B. mask C. cotton D. tissue
24. A. belonging to B. responding to C. composed of D. based on
25. A. performance B. ceremony C. competition D. joint
26. A. show off B. stand out C. turn up D. dress up
27. A. results B. interests C. cases D. impacts
28. A. In spite of B. In memory of C. Because of D. Instead of
29. A. sinking B. wasting C. absorbing D. taking
30. A. attracts B. sets C. features D. dominates
31. A. including B. exploring C. promoting D. filming
32. A. virtual B. genuine C. influential D. traditional
33. A. dynamic B. dim C. historic D. positive
34. A. explain B. declare C. show D. track
35. A. foundation B. representation C. memorial D. breakthrough
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是Peyton Manker为了参加今年的Stuck at Prom比赛，设计了一条独一无二的裙子。这条裙子是以胶带为材料，其上面有各种与冠状病毒相关的场景。她希望这条裙子不仅是新冠疫情期间某个时刻的展示，更是我们度过了新冠疫情这个难关的代表。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了参加今年的Stuck at Prom比赛，参赛者有机会赢得1万美元的奖学金，她用几十卷胶带制作了一件独特的舞会礼服。A. organize组织；B. attend参加；C. hold举办；D. conduct实施。根据后文的“in which participants can have a chance to ____2____ a $10,000 scholarship,”可知，是参加该舞会，有机会赢得奖金。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. accept接受；B. offer提供；C. create创造；D. win赢得。根据空后的“a $10,000 scholarship”，可知是赢得奖金。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tape胶带；B. mask口罩；C. cotton棉花；D. tissue纸巾。根据后文的“but this didn't stop Peyton Manker from ____9____ just under 400 hours of work and 41 rolls of duct tape into her prom dress.”可知，Peyton Manker使用的是胶带制作的裙子。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定根据疫情来做这件衣服，因为我知道没有人能在比赛中重现它。A. belonging to属于；B. responding to回复；C. composed of组成；D. based on依据，根据。根据后文的“The pandemic infects many people, causes deaths, and has widespread social and economic ____7____ .”可知，她是以疫情为背景基础，而制作这条独特的裙子的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. performance表演；B. ceremony仪式；C. competition比赛；D. joint联合。根据前文的“In order to ____1____ this year's Stuck at Prom（舞会）contest”可知，这是这是一场舞会比赛。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我将以这种方式脱颖而出，我想以世界上正在发生的事情为基础。A. show off炫耀；B. stand out杰出；C. turn up调大；D. dress up打扮。根据空前的“I knew no one in the ____5____ was going to be able to recreate it,”可知，她的这种方式是独一无二的，没有人能够复制。故在比赛中会脱颖而出。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种大流行病感染许多人，造成死亡，并产生广泛的社会和经济影响。A. results结果；B. interests兴趣；C. cases情况；D. impacts影响。根据前文的“The pandemic infects many people, causes deaths”可知，疫情造成了很多的社会和经济影响。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于COVID-19，她的毕业舞会和毕业典礼今年被取消了，但这并没有阻止佩顿·曼克在她的毕业舞会礼服上花了不到400小时的工作和41卷胶带。A. in spite of尽管；B. in memory of回忆；C. because of因为；D. instead of而不是。根据后文的“her prom and graduation ceremony were canceled this year”可知，是由于疫情，才导致毕业典礼取消的。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sinking投入（时间）；B. wasting浪费；C. absorbing沉迷；D. taking带走。根据后文“just under 400 hours of work”可知，是投入了将近400个小时的时间来完成这件衣服。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这条惊艳的裙子上有各种与冠状病毒相关的场景，包括戴口罩的一线医务人员、与巨型冠状病毒作斗争的人们，以及虚拟的毕业典礼。A. attracts吸引；B. sets设置；C. features以…为特征；D. dominates占据。根据空后的“various coronavirus-related scenes”可知，该件衣服是以与疫情相关的场景为特征的。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. including包括；B. exploring探索；C. promoting促进；D. filming拍摄。根据空后的“front-line medical personnel wearing face masks, people fighting with a giant coronavirus and a（n） ____12____ graduation ceremony.”可知，这是裙子上各种与冠状病毒相关的场景所包含的具体内容。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. virtual虚拟的；B. genuine真挚的，真实的；C. influential有影响的；D. traditional传统的。根据前文的“The amazing dress ____10____ various coronavirus-related scenes,”可知，这些场景都是呈现在裙子上与冠状病毒相关的各种场景。所以应该是虚拟场景。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整条裙子应该从积极的角度代表流行病。A. dynamic动态的；B. dim暗淡的；C. historic历史的；D. positive积极的。根据后文的“I don't want people to think about the dress as just trying to ____14____ a moment in history. It is a ____15____ that we go through it.”可知，Peyton Manker要让人们以积极的态度去对待新冠病毒才设计出这条裙子。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不希望人们认为这条裙子只是为了展示历史（新冠疫情）上的某个时刻。它是一种代表（见证），代表着我们度过了这个难关（新冠疫情）。A. explain解释；B. declare宣布；C. show显示；D. track跟踪。根据空后的“a moment in history”可知，Peyton Manker不希望人们认为该条裙子仅仅是显示了新冠疫情的这个历史瞬间。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. foundation基础；B. representation代表；C. memorial纪念品；D. breakthrough突破。根据前文的“I don't want people to think about the dress as just trying to ____14____ a moment in history.”以及空后的“that we go through it.”可知，Peyton Manker不希望该条裙子仅仅是显示了新冠疫情的这个历史瞬间，而她希望这条裙子是我们经受住了疫情这个艰难时刻的一个代表。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China announced on Sunday it would send its next spaceflight crew to the Tiangong space station in June ____36____ (follow)the successful return of the three astronauts of the Shenzhou ⅩⅢ mission on Saturday.
Before the ____37____ (man) mission, the Tianzhou 4 robotic cargo (货物) spaceship will lift off in May to transport ____38____(supply), experimental materials and fuel to the Tiangong station. In July, the space station’s first lab component—Wentian—will be launched ____39____ the second lab named Mengtian, will be sent to join with the station in October. Once they ____40____(connect) with the Tiangong, the station will become complete with ____41____ T-shaped structure. After the space labs, the Tianzhou 5 cargo craft and the Shenzhou ⅩⅤ crew are scheduled ____42____(arrive) at the massive orbiting outpost (前哨), the largest space-based basic system the nation has ever built.
After the Tiangong's completion around the end of this year, it will have three pillar sections—a core module linked ____43____ two large space labs, weighing around 70 tons. In the long term, the station will ____44____ (regular) be connected with a Shenzhou spacecraft and two Tianzhou cargo ships. By now, Tianzhou 4 and its carrier ____45____(reach) the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province and are undergoing final tests.
【答案】36. following
37. manned 38. supplies
39. while##and
40. are connected 41. a
42. to arrive
43. with##to
44. regularly
45. have reached
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国将于6月将把下一批航天人员送往天宫空间站执行新的任务，以及为这次任务做的前期准备工作。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国周日宣布，继周六神舟13任务的三名宇航员成功返回后，中国将于6月将其下一批航天人员送往天宫空间站。设空处为非谓语动词，follow的逻辑主语为前面的“send its next spaceflight crew to the Tiangong space station in June”这个任务，它们之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填following。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在载人任务之前，天舟4号机器人货运飞船将于5月升空，向天宫站运送物资、实验材料和燃料。根据空格前后的单词，设空处应用形容词，修饰名词mission，man的形容词为manned，意为“载人的”，作定语。故填manned。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在载人任务之前，天舟4号机器人货运飞船将于5月升空，向天宫站运送物资、实验材料和燃料。设空处在动词transport 之后，根据句意，运送的物资为宇航员未来要用的“补给，补给品”，应用名词复数，故填supplies。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：今年7月，空间站的第一个实验室部件“问天”将发射升空，（而）第二个实验室“梦天”将于10月与空间站对接。空格前后分别是两个简单句，应用并列连词while，意为“而”，表前后情况的对比。或者表示并列关系，连词为and。故填while/and。
40题详解】
考查时态。句意：一旦它们与天宫对接，天宫站将成为一个完整的T型结构。根据上一句“In July, the space station's first lab component-Wentian will be launched 　　4　　　 the second lab named Mengtian, will be sent to join with the station in October.”可知，“问天”和“梦天”将于10月与空间站对接，动作发生在将来，设空处在once引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，应用一般现在时态表将来；complete与逻辑主语they之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语they，故动词为are。故填are connected。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一旦它们与天宫对接，天宫站将成为一个完整的T型结构。空格后为 T-shaped structure，设空处应用不定冠词，表泛指，T-shaped为辅音音素开头，故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在太空实验室之后，天舟5号货运飞船和神舟15号乘员将按计划抵达巨大的轨道前哨，这是中国迄今为止建造的最大的空间基础设施。此处考查动词短语be scheduled to do sth，意为“计划做，预定做某事”，设空处应用动词不定式，作补语。故填to arrive。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：“天宫”将于今年年底前后建成，它将有三个支柱部分——一个核心舱与两个大型空间实验室相连，重约70吨。此处考查动词短语be linked with/to，意为“与……相连”，设空处应填介词with/to。故填with/to。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：从长远来看，空间站将定期与一艘神舟飞船和两艘天舟货运飞船对接。根据句子结构，设空处修饰谓语动词be connected with，应用副词，regular的副词为regularly，意为“定期地”，作状语。故填regularly。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：目前，天舟四号及其运载火箭已经抵达海南省文昌航天发射中心，并正在进行最后的测试。设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语By now可知，句子应用现在完成时态；主语为Tianzhou 4 and its carrier，为复数，助动词应用have。故填have reached。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英语俱乐部举行英语征文比赛，请以“How to Decide on Possible Future Careers”为题，写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：
1. 职业选择的重要性；
2. 如何选择。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How to Decide on Possible Future Careers
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How to Decide on Possible Future Careers
As we know, a suitable career is to a person what water is to fish. However, it may not always be easy to choose a proper one. Here are some tips on how to decide on possible future careers.
To begin with, it’s necessary to take some time to really think through the things you are interested in and good at. Besides, focus on your own ambitions, rather than societal expectations, which means you should let go of other people’s expectations of you and think about what you truly want to do.
All in all, choosing a career path should be a personal decision based on a thorough knowledge of your own strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“How to Decide on Possible Future Careers”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
合适的：suitable→proper
首先：to begin with → first of all
抱负：ambition→aspiration
全面的：thorough→ complete
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All in all, choosing a career path should be a personal decision based on a thorough knowledge of your own strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values.
拓展句：All in all, choosing a career path should be a personal decision which is based on a thorough knowledge of your own strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we know, a suitable career is to a person what water is to fish.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句以及“A is to B what C is to D”句型，表类比。）
【高分句型2】Besides, focus on your own ambitions, rather than societal expectations, which means you should let go of other people’s expectations of you and think about what you truly want to do.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，what引导宾语从句。）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My dad is a truck driver, and when I was little, he was gone most of the time, delivering wire and other livestock(牲畜)supplies around the Midwest. So my mom was almost like a single mother. We lived in a small house in Brighton, Colorado, where we had a big yard with plenty of room for our five dogs and two cats to run around. We moved there on my third birthday. My first memory is our neighbor Arlene handing me strawberries from her garden through a hole in the chain-link fence. She and her husband, Bill, lived next door.
Arlene spent a lot of time working in the garden, and I was always talking to her from our yard. I was a chatter-box(喋喋不休). I think what drew me to Arlene and Bill is that they never got tired of listening to me. I also think Arlene saw a lot of herself in me-we were both lonely and anxious-and that may be why she always took the time to listen to me. Bill too. It was a wonderful connection.
One day, my parents asked Bill and Arlene whether they'd watch me while they went out. This worked well for everyone, so it became a somewhat monthly occurrence. Arlene and Bill didn't have kids. They had a spare room in their house, which became my room. I had boxes of toys and books in that room.
Arlene and I would do crafts together. We were always putting tiny decorations on things. Bill taught me how to ride a bike and later how to drive the lawn tractor(割草机)and eventually a car.
When I was about five, I had an idea. My parents were watching TV when I spit it out, "What if I adopted Bill and Arlene as my grandparents?" My parents said I could go over and ask them for myself.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
The next day, I knocked on Bill and Arlene's door.
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From the day I adopted them, I called Bill and Arlene Grandpa and Grandma.
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【答案】The next day, I knocked on Bill and Arlene's door. In an instant, they opened the door. I sat down in his living room, and asked, Can I adopt you as my grandpa?” Bill was first a bit confused by my strange question, but then he agreed happily. He hugged me with tears sparkling in his misty eyes. Just as Bill previously said it took a certificate to prove an important thing, we both signed the adoption certificate. At that time, I felt my connection with them strengthened. After hanging the certificate on the wall, Bill promised to teach me to drive the lawn tractor the next morning and I was really expecting the time to come. That night, I even couldn’t fall asleep.
From the day I adopted them, I called Bill and Arlene Grandpa and Grandma. The next morning, while learning to drive the lawn tractor with a snowplow, I accidentally plowed down our chainlink fence. I was frightened and tried to drive back the lawn tractor but it just didn’t work. “Easy, easy.” comforted Bob. He helped me move off the big machine. “Now it seemed that you did make the hole bigger.” joked my new grandpa. My parents went out at that time on hearing the big noise. They were shocked at first, but to my big surprise, my mom
suggested,“Why not remove the fence so that you could play with your grandpa more conveniently !” All of us agreed. Now, with two gardens connected, we would never feel lonely again. How important love was!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了搬家后遇到的邻居是一对和蔼可亲的老夫妻，他们对作者亲切有耐心。作者得知他们膝下无子，便萌生了做他们的孙子的想法。告诉这对夫妻后，他们很是高兴，也非常愿意。后来他们铁丝网篱笆被挖倒，更加加深了作者与两位老人之间的联系，促进了他们弥足珍贵的友情，就像是真正的一家人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，我敲了比尔和阿琳的门。”可知，第一段可描写作者去比尔和阿琳家里请求认他们作祖父母。
②由第二段首句内容“从我收养他们的那天起，我就称呼比尔和阿琳爷爷奶奶。”可知，第二段可描写作者认他们为爷爷奶奶之后发生的事情以及作者的收获和感悟。
2.续写线索：请求——高兴——答应——挖倒篱笆——增进感情——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拥抱：hug/embrace
②期待：expect/look forward to
③拆除：remove /pull down
情绪类
①.困惑的： confused /puzzled
②.高兴地：happily/joyfully
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. He hugged me with tears sparkling in his misty eyes.（运用了with的复合结构作状语）
[高分句型2]. The next morning, while learning to drive the lawn tractor with a snowplow, I accidentally plowed down our chain link fence. （运用了while引导状语从句的省略）