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2021-2022学年广东省揭阳市普宁市高一下学期期末英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年广东省揭阳市普宁市高一下学期期末英语试题含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试题共8页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟
阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
Where are Peple Traveling This Summer?
A summer vacatin shuld be the best travel f yur year, an pprtunity t enjy sunshine, explre exciting new destinatins, discver new cultures and relax in fine restaurants. Here are sme f the wnderful places yu can fly fr this summer vacatin. Take a lk at them and cnsider which ne suits yu best.
Fly t Chicag
There are plenty f reasns t fllw their example this summer if yu are lking fr an exciting city break. Visitrs flck t Navy Pier, a bustling 1.5 mile-lng bardwalk that is full f family-friendly attractins.
Fly t Lndn
A transatlantic trip t the capital f the UK brings yu t a city that cmbines ancient histry with a lively, mdern urban culture. Summer visitrs can visit Buckingham Palace, hme t the Queen, the Huses f Parliament, Twer f Lndn and ther natinal mnuments.
Fly t Orland
A trip t Orland this summer brings yu t a vacatin wnderland with a fantastic cncentratin f turist attractins. Cnsistently ne f the mst ppular destinatins f the summer it will be in the tp ten travel destinatins fr Americans this year. Chse frm family-friendly Orland resrts and things t d that include Universal Orland Resrt, Walt Disney Wrld Resrt and SeaWrld Orland.
Fly t New Yrk
Spend yur summer vacatin cycling arund Central Park, taking in the view f Manhattan frm the ferry t the Statue f Liberty r enjying craft beer and eclectic cuisine in Brklyn. The summer brings music and film events t many f the city’s public spaces, including Bryant Park, alngside fd events like NYC Restaurant Week at the end f July.
1. Feeling like visiting Buckingham Palace, which place shuld yu fly t?
A. ChicagB. LndnC. OrlandD. New Yrk
2. Which f the fllwing can NOT be dne if yu fly t New Yrk?
A. Cycle arund Central Park.
B. Take in the view f Manhattan.
C. Chse frm family-friendly Orland resrts.
D. Enjy craft beer and eclectic cuisine in Brklyn.
3. In which sectin f a website can yu read the text?
A. City turs and tipsB. Hbbies f the Germans.
C. Life arund the wrld.D. Fashin n the earth.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了适合暑假去旅行的一些城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fly t Lndn部分“Summer visitrs can visit Buckingham Palace, hme t the Queen, the Huses f Parliament, Twer f Lndn and ther natinal mnuments.(夏季游客可以参观白金汉宫、女王故居、议会大厦、伦敦塔和其他国家纪念馆)”可知，如果想参观白金汉宫，你应该飞往伦敦。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fly t New Yrk部分“Spend yur summer vacatin cycling arund Central Park, taking in the view f Manhattan frm the ferry t the Statue f Liberty r enjying craft beer and eclectic cuisine in Brklyn.(暑假期间，你可以在中央公园周围骑自行车，欣赏曼哈顿的景色，乘渡轮去自由女神像，或在布鲁克林品尝手工啤酒和各色美食)”可知，如果你飞到纽约，你可以在中央公园周围骑自行车、欣赏曼哈顿的景色并在布鲁克林享受手工啤酒和各种美食，文中没有提及选择家庭友好型奥兰多度假村。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A summer vacatin shuld be the best travel f yur year, an pprtunity t enjy sunshine, explre exciting new destinatins, discver new cultures and relax in fine restaurants. Here are sme f the wnderful places yu can fly fr this summer vacatin.(暑假应该是你一年中最好的旅行时间，是一个享受阳光、探索令人兴奋的新目的地、发现新文化和在高档餐馆放松的机会。这里有一些很棒的地方，你可以在这个暑假飞到那里去)”可知，本文主要介绍了适合暑假去旅行的一些城市，文章可能出自网站的城市旅游和建议部分。故选A项。
B
Parents everywhere are praising ne Flrida mm after she shwed her daughter true lve earlier this mnth in a lessn abut being grateful. Haley Hassel was shpping fr back-t-schl supplies. She wanted t surprise her daughter Presleigh with a pencil case, which she knew her daughter wuld be happy abut. Hassel was surprised, hwever, when her little girl threw the case in the garbage and strmed int her bedrm, slamming the dr behind her.
“She yelled, ‘That’s stupid. Everyne in my class has dn’t want it anymre!’” Hassel explained in a Facebk pst. Hassel said she didn’t immediately react because she wanted t deal with the anger prperly.
“S by the time there was prbably smke cming ut f my ears I was trying really hard nt t cmpletely lse it with this kid whm I have wrked s hard t cmpletely take care f n my wn,” she wrte. “I thught I had always taught her t be grateful and knw hw lucky she was, but she needed a small wake up call!”
Hassel grabbed a plastic sandwich bag, wrte Presleigh’s name n it and handed it t her.
“I tld her t get the pencil case ut f the trash and that we wuld give it t ne whse mmmy and daddy dn’t have mney fr any schl supplies r smene wh may nt even have a mmmy r daddy.”
She cntinued, “I explained t her she’s nt entitled t（享有）anything special and she is taking fr granted hw lucky she is. S fr nw she will be using a bag and will persnally be delivering the nice bx t a child that culd benefit frm it.”
4. What did Hassel’s daughter d after she received the pencil case?
A. Put it int her bag happily.B. Threw the case in the garbage.
C. Sent Hassel a gift in return.D. Hugged and kissed Hassel.
5. What can we infer frm the Hassel’s explanatins in a Facebk pst?
A. Presleigh was a stupid.
B. Presleigh hped fr smething special.
C Presleigh hated her mther s much.
D. Presleigh refused t accept any gift that her mther bught her.
6. What des the underlined sentence “but she needed a small wake up cal!” mean?
A. But she needed t buy her smething special.
B. But she needed t call her daughter t wake up everyday.
C. But she needed a timely remind fr her daughter t be grateful.
D. But she needed t buy her an alarm clck t wake her up everyday.
7. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Hassel?
A. Patient and calm.B. Out-ging and active
C. Funny and braveD. Hardwrking and determined
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲教育自己的孩子要知道感恩的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hassel was surprised, hwever, when her little girl threw the case in the garbage and strmed int her bedrm, slamming the dr behind her.(然而，当她的小女儿把铅笔盒扔进垃圾桶，然后冲进卧室，把门重重地关上时，Hassel感到很惊讶。)”可知，Hassel的女儿在收到铅笔盒时，把铅笔盒扔进了垃圾桶。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““She yelled, ‘That’s stupid. Everyne in my class has dn’t want it anymre!’” Hassel explained in a Facebk pst.(“她喊道，‘这太愚蠢了。我班上每个人都有……我不想要了!’” Hassel在脸书上解释道。)”可推断，Hassel的女儿希望得到一些特别的东西。故选B。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。划线句子的前一句““I thught I had always taught her t be grateful and knw hw lucky she was(我以为我一直教她要感恩，要知道她有多幸运，”)”可知，她一直觉得自己教育得很好，让孩子知道感恩，而女儿的这一反应让她很震惊也很失望。再根据下文“She cntinued, “I explained t her she’s nt entitled t（享有）anything special and she is taking fr granted hw lucky she is. S fr nw she will be using a bag and will persnally be delivering the nice bx t a child that culd benefit frm it.”(她继续说道：“我向她解释说，她没有权利享有任何特别的东西，也不应该认为自己的幸运是理所当然的。所以现在她需要用一个袋子，并亲自把这个漂亮的盒子送给可能从中受益的孩子。”)”可知，她觉得应该给孩子敲敲警钟，提提醒，让孩子要懂得感恩。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““S by the time there was prbably smke cming ut f my ears, I was trying really hard nt t cmpletely lse it with this kid whm I have wrked s hard t cmpletely take care f n my wn,” she wrte.(她写道：“所以当我火冒三丈的时候，我非常努力地不让自己完全失去对这个孩子的感情，我这么努力地要自己完全照顾这个孩子。”)”可推断她很有耐心；再根据第二段“Hassel said she didn’t immediately react because she wanted t deal with the anger prperly. (Hassel说，她没有立即做出反应，因为她想恰当地应对愤怒。)”可推断，她遇事很冷静。故选A。
C
The Russia-Ukraine cnflict(俄乌冲突)culd lead t a glbal fd crisis(危机)that will hit develping cuntries the hardest, United Natins(UN)Secretary-General Antni Guterres warned in Stckhlm n Wednesday.
The Russia-Ukraine cnflict is creating suffering and “must end nw,” Guterres said at a press cnference after the meeting.
He als called fr swift decisins t reslve the fd crisis that culd arise frm the cnflict, putting develping cuntries mst at risk.
The situatin is fueling “a glbal crisis fr fd, energy and finance” that is affecting “the mst vulnerable ppulatins, cuntries and ecnmies,” he warned. “A “perfect strm” is threatening t destry the ecnmies f many develping cuntries,” he added.
The fd crisis cannt be reslved effectively unless Russia’s fertilizers and fd prductin, and Ukraine’s fd prductin can reach wrld markets again, he emphasized.
Accrding t the UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin(FAO), Russia and Ukraine are the wrld’s largest and fifth-largest wheat exprters, respectively(分别地). Tgether, they prvide 19 percent f the wrld’s barley supply, 14 percent f wheat and 4 percent f crn, making up mre than ne third f glbal grain exprts.
In Ukraine, which is knwn as the breadbasket f Eurpe, the cnflict has left unharvested wheat that was planted mnths ag, while crns and sunflwers swn(播种)when the cnflict brke ut were left unfertilized. It is estimated that Ukraine’s grain prductin may fall by mre than 50 percent in the current seasn.
Mrever, Russia is the leading prducer f fertilizers, accunting fr 13 percent f glbal prductin. Limiting Russian fertilizer exprts due t the US’sanctins(制裁)has led t a rise in glbal fertilizer prices. This has frced farmers in Brazil, the United States and ther majr agricultural cuntries t reduce their use f fertilizers, which culd affect future harvests.
8. What is the Guterres’ attitude twards ending the Russia-Ukraine cnflict?
A. Hesitant.B. Disagreed.C. Uncertain.D. Certain.
9. What can be inferred frm paragraph 6?
A. Fd crisis will becme a big wrry.
B. Prices will be able t change ur fd patterns.
C. Crn and wheat will be the mst imprtant fd.
D. They bth play an imprtant rle in grain exprts in the wrld.
10. Which ne is NOT the Ukraine’s prblems caused by the Russia-Ukraine cnflict .
A. The cnflict has left unharvested wheat.
B. Crns and sunflwers were left unfertilized.
C. Limiting Russian fertilizer exprts has led t a rise in glbal fertilizer prices.
D. Ukraine’s grain prductin may fall by mre than 50 percent in the current seasn.
11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw t Slve the Fd Crisis Effectively.
B. The Fd Crisis Cannt Be Reslved Effectively.
C. Calls Increase fr Ending the Russia-Ukraine cnflict.
D. UN Warns f Ptential Glbal Fd Crisis Due t Russia-Ukraine Cnflict.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章强调俄乌冲突可能导致全球粮食危机，并分析了其原因和影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The Russia-Ukraine cnflict is creating suffering and “must end nw,” Guterres said at a press cnference after the meeting. (古特雷斯在会后的新闻发布会上说，俄乌冲突正在造成痛苦，“现在必须结束”。)”，可知古特雷斯对结束俄乌冲突持肯定的态度。certain意为“肯定的，确定的，无疑的”符合题意。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Accrding t the UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO), Russia and Ukraine are the wrld’s largest and fifth-largest wheat exprters, respectively(分别地). Tgether, they prvide 19 percent f the wrld’s barley supply, 14 percent f wheat and 4 percent f crn, making up mre than ne third f glbal grain exprts. (根据联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO），俄罗斯和乌克兰分别是世界上最大和第五大小麦出口国。加在一起，它们提供了全球19%的大麦供应、14%的小麦和4%的玉米，占全球粮食出口的三分之一以上。)”，可知俄罗斯和乌克兰都在世界粮食出口中发挥着重要作用。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“In Ukraine, which is knwn as the breadbasket f Eurpe, the cnflict has left unharvested wheat that was planted mnths ag, while crns and sunflwers swn (播种) when the cnflict brke ut were left unfertilized. It is estimated that Ukraine’s grain prductin may fall by mre than 50 percent in the current seasn. (在被称为欧洲粮仓的乌克兰，冲突导致数月前种植的小麦未经收割，而冲突爆发时播种的玉米和向日葵则未施肥。据估计，乌克兰的粮食产量在当前季节可能下降50%以上。)”，可知C选项（限制俄罗斯化肥出口导致全球化肥价格上涨。）不是俄乌冲突引起的乌克兰问题。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The Russia-Ukraine cnflict (俄乌冲突) culd lead t a glbal fd crisis (危机) that will hit develping cuntries the hardest, United Natins(UN)Secretary-General Antni Guterres warned in Stckhlm n Wednesday.( 联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周三在斯德哥尔摩警告说，俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突可能导致全球粮食危机，对发展中国家的打击最为严重。)”，结合本文随后分析了俄乌冲突可能导致全球粮食危机的原因和影响。可知D选项（联合国警告俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突可能引发全球粮食危机。）是适合本文的标题。故选D。
D
If yu thught running was just great fr the bdy, then think again. Scientists have fund that the sprt nt nly keeps peple fit but als imprves yur brain pwer (脑力).
The research fund that peple wh keep fit are mre likely t have larger brains, better memries and clearer thinking. They als fund that unfit peple tended t have smaller brains and reduced cgnitive skills. The findings add t a grwing bdy f evidence which links exercise with helping prtect the brain against ageing (老化) and als helping it replace dying cells (死细胞). This might reduce the risk f many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59-69 n a treadmill (跑步机). Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used t assess the bld flw t their brains. Thse wh were less fit had smaller brains cmpared t the fitter vlunteers wh had larger brains. Scientists in Germany fllwed 21 adults aged between 60-77. As they went thrugh a three-mnth fitness prgram, they saw imprvements in their memry.
Researchers are nt yet sure why exercise helps t prtect brain cells but sme research in mice has prduced results. Mice, examined at the Natinal Institute n Ageing, in Baltimre, fund that cells in the hippcampus (海马体), an area f the brain used fr memry, were actively reprducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare, prfessr f clinical psychlgy f ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member f the Glbal Cuncil n Brain Health tld The Sunday Times: “Mderate intensity aerbic (有氧的) activity such as walking, cycling r running can prduce changes in brain structure and functin.”
12. Wh tend t have larger brains, better memries and clearer thinking?
A. Peple wh are healthy.B. Peple wh are thin.
C. Peple wh are unhealthy.D. Peple wh are fat.
13. What d we learn frm the experiment in paragraph 3?
A. Thse wh were less fit had larger brains.
B. Thse wh were fitter had smaller brains.
C. Exercise helps peple imprve their memry.
D. Old peple ding exercise imprve memry better than yung peple.
14. Accrd t Linda Clare, what kind f activity can NOT prduce changes in brain structure and functin?
A. Walking.B. Singing.
C. Cycling.D. Running.
15. What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T tell yu sprt imprves yur brain pwer.
B. T intrduce sme gd ways t keep healthy.
C. T teach yu hw t best spend time in ding sprts.
D. T intrduce several ways t imprve yur memry.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The research fund that peple wh keep fit are mre likely t have larger brains, better memries and clearer thinking.(研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维)”可知，健康的人可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As they went thrugh a three-mnth fitness prgram, they saw imprvements in their memry.(当他们进行为期三个月的健身计划时，他们的记忆力有所改善)”可知，从实验中可以得知，锻炼有助于人们提高记忆力。故选C项。
14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Mderate intensity aerbic activity such as walking, cycling r running can prduce changes in brain structure and functin.(中等强度的有氧运动，如步行、骑自行车或跑步，可以改变大脑结构和功能)”可知，步行、骑自行车或跑步可以改变大脑结构和功能，没有提及唱歌。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists have fund that the sprt nt nly keeps peple fit but als imprves yur brain pwer.(科学家已经发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高你的脑力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力，作者写作的目的是告诉你，运动可以提高你的脑力。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Hw t Keep Yur Pet Healthy
Yu lve yur pets, and f curse, yu want t keep them happy and healthy. It’s imprtant t prvide a gd envirnment. Als, make sure yur pets stays healthy. ____16____.
____17____.
Diet is the beginning f keeping yur pet healthy. When yu first get a pet, d yur research t find ut the mst suitable diet and d yur best t fllw it strictly. Fr example, cats are carnivres, s try t pick the fd with the highest levels f prtein.
Prvide plenty f fresh water every day.
____18____. Fr mst pets, that means prviding a bwl r dish f water that yu change ut at least nce a day. Pets need t stay hydrated t be healthy.
Prvide baths as needed.
Bathing keeps yur pet clean, and fr animals that like water, it can make them much happier t prvide baths as needed. Hw ften yu bathe yur pet really depends n the species. ____19____. Other animals, like birds, may need baths r shwers several times a week r even every day.
See yur veterinarian (兽医) fr a checkup and vaccinatins (接种疫苗).
Just like yu need t g t the dctr fr regular checkups, yur pet des, t. Prviding regular checkups allws yur vet t catch prblems early befre they develp int wrse cnditins. ____20____. Talk t yur vet abut which nes are prper fr yur pet.
A. Prvide a suitable diet
B. Exercise is healthy fr yur pet
C. Here are sme ways t keep yur pets healthy
D. Fr example, dgs ften need baths at least nce a mnth
E. Besides, vaccinatins can help keep yur pet happy and healthy
F. N matter what kind f pet yu have, it will need water in sme frm
G. While yur pet will play with tys n its wn, it will enjy playing with yu much mre
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了保持宠物健康的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Als, make sure yur pets stays healthy.(此外，确保你的宠物保持健康)”说明要让宠物保持健康，C项“以下是一些保持宠物健康的方法”承接上文，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
下文“Diet is the beginning f keeping yur pet healthy. When yu first get a pet, d yur research t find ut the mst suitable diet and d yur best t fllw it strictly.(饮食是保持宠物健康的开始。当你第一次养宠物时，要研究并查明最合适的饮食，并尽量严格遵守)”说明要研究合适的饮食以保持宠物健康，A项“提供合适的饮食”总结下文内容，可以作为本段标题句。故选A。
【18题详解】
下文“Fr mst pets, that means prviding a bwl r dish f water that yu change ut at least nce a day.(对于大多数宠物来说，这意味着提供一碗或一盘水，你每天至少换一次)”说明要给宠物提供水，F项中water是关键词，F项“无论你养什么样的宠物，它都需要某种形式的水”引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
上文“Hw ften yu bathe yur pet really depends n the species.(你给宠物洗澡的频率实际上取决于物种)”说明要定期给宠物洗澡，D项“例如，狗通常每月至少需要洗一次澡”说明宠物狗需要每个月至少洗澡一次，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“See yur veterinarian fr a checkup and vaccinatins.(请看兽医检查并接种疫苗)”说明要看兽医并接种疫苗，以及下文“Talk t yur vet abut which nes are prper fr yur pet.(和你的兽医谈谈哪些适合你的宠物)”说明要和兽医谈论哪种疫苗适合自己的宠物，E项中vaccinatins是关键词，E项“此外，接种疫苗可以帮助宠物保持快乐和健康”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
The sn f Mr. Smith, a rich neighbr, used t cme t see the blacksmith(铁匠)every day and fr hurs and hurs he wuld enjy himself ____21____ hw he wrked.
“Yung man, why dn’t yu try yur hand t ____22____ t make she tacks(鞋钉)?” said the blacksmith. “Wh knws, ne day, it may be f use t yu.”
The lazy by began t see what he culd d. But after a little ____23____ he fund that he was becming very skilled(熟练的)and sn he was making sme f the ____24____ tacks.
Old Mr. Smith died and the sn lst all his ____25____ because f the war. He had t ____26____ hme and was frced t live in anther cuntry. It s happened that in this ____27____ there were many shemakers wh were spending a lt f ____28____ t buy tacks fr their shes and even at times when they paid high prices they were nt always able t ____29____ what they wanted, because in that part f the cuntry there was a _____30_____ demand fr sldiers’ shes.
Yung Mr. Smith, wh was finding it _____31_____ t earn his daily bread, remembered that nce upn a time he had learned the art f making tacks and had the sudden _____32_____ f making a bargain with the shemakers. He tld them that he wuld make the tacks if they wuld help t get him _____33_____ his wrkshp. The shemakers were nly t glad f the _____34_____. And after a while, Yung Mr. Smith fund that he was sn making the finest tacks in the village.
“_____35_____,” he used t say, “making tacks can bring a big frtune. My trade is mre useful t me than all my frmer frtune.”
21. A. helpingB. watchingC. spttingD. ignring
22. A. reachB. breakC. learnD. replace
23. A. practiceB. adventureC. hesitatinD. peratin
24. A. finestB. wrstC. lngestD. shrtest
25. A. breakB. shesC. benefitD. gds
26. A. returnB. escapeC. cmeD. leave
27. A. villageB. huseC. cityD. twn
28. A. mneyB. requestC. ecnmyD. emtin
29. A. enjyB. getC. pursueD. desire
30. A. psitiveB. impssibleC. tughD. high
31. A. funnyB. excitingC. difficultD. particular
32 A. jyB. ideaC. testD. chice
33. A. satisfied withB. cncerned abutC. settled inD. experienced in
34. A. helpB. galC. fferD. attitude
35. A. IllegallyB. SurprisinglyC. EventuallyD. Slwly
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的史密斯先生学会了一门做鞋钉的手艺，后来父亲去世，因为战争他失去了所有的东西，但是当他不得不离开家乡谋生时，他的这门手艺却给他带来了财富和惊喜。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个富有的邻居史密斯先生的儿子过去每天都来看铁匠，一个小时又一个小时地看着他如何工作。A. helping帮助；B. watching观看；C. sptting发现；D. ignring忽略。结合空格前的“every day and fr hurs and hurs”和空格后的“hw he wrked”可知史密斯先生的儿子应该是“看”铁匠如何工作。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人，你为什么不试试你的手来学做鞋钉？A. reach到达；B. break中断；C. learn学习；D. replace更换。结合空格前的“why dn’t yu try yur hand”可知是铁匠询问年轻人为什么不学做鞋钉。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过一点练习后，他发现自己变得非常熟练，很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。A. practice练习；B. adventure冒险；C. hesitatin犹豫；D. peratin操作。结合前文 “The lazy by began t see what he culd d.”和后文“he fund that he was becming very skilled”可知经过一点练习，他发现自己变得非常熟练。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：但经过一点练习后，他发现自己变得非常熟练，很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。A. finest最好的；B. wrst最差的；C. lngest最长的；D. shrtest最短的。结合前文“he fund that he was becming very skilled”可知很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于战争，老史密斯先生去世了，儿子失去了所有的财产。A. break休息，暂停；B. shes鞋子；C. benefit利益；D. gds商品，私人财产。结合前文“Old Mr. Smith died”和空格后的“because f the war”推断因为父亲去世和战争，儿子失去了所有的财产。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不得不离家，被迫住在另一个国家。A. return返回；B. escape逃生；C. cme来；D. leave离开。结合空格后句子“was frced t live in anther cuntry”，可知是被迫离开家。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠花了很多钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. village村庄；B. huse房屋；C. city城市；D. twn城镇。根据14空后的“And after a while, Yung Mr. Smith fund that he was sn making the finest tacks in the village.”可知village是同词复现，这里表示碰巧在这个村子里。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. mney金钱；B. request要求；C. ecnmy经济；D. emtin情感。结合空格前的“spending”和空格后的“buy tacks”推断是有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. enjy享受；B. get获得；C. pursue追求；D. desire期望。结合前文“even at times when they paid high prices they were nt always able t”可以推断是有时花高价钱也不能得到他们想要的东西。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. psitive积极的，肯定的；B. impssible不可能的；C. tugh坚韧的；D. high高的。结合前文提到有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到鞋钉，可知用a high demand fr，意为“对……有高的需求”表示士兵的鞋子需求量很大。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的史密斯先生发现每天都很难谋生，他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。A. funny有趣的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. difficult困难的；D. particular特别的。结合前文提到战争，人们花高价买鞋钉，可推断年轻的史密斯先生很难谋生。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻的史密斯先生发现每天都很难谋生，他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。A. jy快乐；B. idea想法；C. test测试；D. chice选择。结合空格前的“remembered that nce upn a time he had learned the art f making tacks”和空格后的“f making a bargain with the shemakers”可知是他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：他告诉他们，如果他们能帮他在他的车间安顿下来，他就做鞋钉。A. satisfied with对……满意；B. cncerned abut对……关心；C. settled in定居，安顿下来；D. experienced in在……经验丰富。结合空格后的宾语“his wrkshp”可知用settled in表示“安顿下来”符合题意。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鞋匠们对这个提议非常高兴。A. help帮助；B. gal目标；C. ffer报价，主动提议；D. attitude态度。结合前文的“He tld them that he wuld make the tacks if they wuld help t get him ___ 13___ his wrkshp.”可知是鞋匠们对这个提议非常高兴。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“出人意料的是，”他常说，“做鞋钉可以带来很大的财富。我的生意对我来说比我以前所有的财富都有用。”A. Illegally非法地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地，出乎意料地；C. Eventually最终地；D. Slwly缓慢地。结合后文“making tacks can bring a big frtune. My trade is mre useful t me than all my frmer frtune.”可知做鞋钉能够带来巨大财富这件事是出人意料的。故选B。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The hme crwd erupted when China’s Eileen Gu wn the wmen’s big air freeskiing gld in Beijing.
Gu ____36____ (jump)int the tp psitin with her third run, scring 94.50. Her ttal scre was 188.25 in the event’s debut at the Winter Olympics.
Gu is an 18-year-ld girl ____37____ is a freestyle skier, mdel and grade-A student with ____38____ American father and a Chinese mther. She grew up in the United States. It was there that she grew t lve skiing. By 2018, she was representing the US ____39____ the wrld cup fr the sprt.
Then, she decided t switch frm representing the US t representing China. The decisin made her fan shcked and ____40____ (cnfuse), but Gu was determined, ____41____ (share)her reasning n Instagram at the time.
“This was an ____42____ (extreme)tugh decisin fr me t skiing, I hpe t unite peple, prmte cmmn understanding, create cmmunicatin, and frge ____43____ (friendship)between natins... I’m trying my best t make the wrld a ____44____ (gd)place in my wn way.” said Gu. “If I can help t inspire ne yung girl _____45_____ (break)a bundary, my wishes will have cme true.” she added.
【答案】36. jumped
37. wh##that 38. an 39. in
40. cnfused
41. sharing
42. extremely
43. friendships
44. better 45. t break
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国选手谷爱凌在北京冬奥会上赢得自由式滑雪金牌，并详细介绍了她的个人信息。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：谷爱凌以第三跳94.50分的高分跃居榜首。结合本文描述的是过去发生的冬奥会的事情，时态应该用一般过去时，动词jump用过去式jumped。故填jumped。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：谷爱凌是一个18岁的女孩，她是一名自由式滑雪运动员、模特和一名成绩优异的学生，父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是an 18-year-ld girl，且在从句中作主语，指人用that或wh引导。故填that/wh。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：谷爱凌是一个18岁的女孩，她是一名自由式滑雪运动员、模特和一名成绩优异的学生，父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。结合and之后的a Chinese mther，可知空格处缺少不定冠词表示泛指，American以元音音素开头，用an符合题意。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：到2018年，她代表美国参加了这项运动的世界杯。表示“在世界杯当中”用介词in“在……之中”符合题意。故填in。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一决定让她的粉丝感到震惊和困惑，但谷爱凌下定决心，在Instagram上分享了她的理由。and连接并列成分，和形容词shcked并列用形容词cnfused表示“感到困惑的”符合题意。故填cnfused。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一决定让她的粉丝感到震惊和困惑，但谷爱凌下定决心，在Instagram上分享了她的理由。空格处所在的句子谓语动词是系动词was，空格处需要非谓语动词，Gu和share之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填sharing。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：这对我来说是一个非常艰难的决定。修饰形容词tugh需要用副词extremely。故填extremely。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：通过滑雪，我希望团结人们，促进共识，创造沟通，并在国家之间建立友谊。表示“具体的友谊或朋友关系”时，friendship是可数名词，结合空格后的“between natins”可知空格处需要使用名词复数。故填friendships。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我正在尽最大努力以我自己的方式使世界成为一个更美好的地方。结合句意可知需要表达“一个更美好的地方”，用形容词比较级better作定语修饰名词place。故填better。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我能帮助激励一个年轻女孩打破界限，我的愿望就会实现。inspire sb. t d sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填t break。
写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，2022年9月10日，你市将举办中秋节文化活动。你校外教Abbtt对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，邀请他一起来参加，内容包括：
1.写信目的；2.活动时间和地点；3.活动内容和意义。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Abbtt,
Since yu’re keen n Chinese traditinal culture, I’d like t invite yu t participate in the celebratin f the Mid-Autumn Festival, which will take place in the Culture Square n September 10th, 2022.
Scheduled frm 7 t 9 p. m., the celebratin will be a feast f the Chinese culture. Ranging frm enjying varieties f mncakes t sharing stries abut the festival, the activities will undubtedly help yu gain a glimpse int the unique Chinese traditins and custms. And yur presence will als add t ur enjyment.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd accept ur invitatin. Please reply at yur earliest cnvenience.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给对中国传统文化很感兴趣的外教Abbtt写一封邀请信，参加该市将举办中秋节文化活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜爱，热衷于：be keen n→be fnd f/be crazy abut
参加：participate in→take part in
安排：schedule→arrange
各种各样的：varieties f→all kinds f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Scheduled frm 7 t 9 p. m., the celebratin will be a feast f the Chinese culture.
拓展句：The celebratin which is scheduled frm 7 t 9 p. m. will be a feast f the Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Since yu’re keen n Chinese traditinal culture, I’d like t invite yu t participate in the celebratin f the Mid-Autumn Festival, which will take place in the Culture Square n September 10th, 2022.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
Ranging frm enjying varieties f mncakes t sharing stries abut the festival, the activities will undubtedly help yu gain a glimpse int the unique Chinese traditins and custms. （运用了现在分词作状语）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last week, as I was having breakfast in my truck, I nticed a by, sitting by the rad with his dg. He was hlding a sign asking fr mney r fd t help feed him and his dg. Peple drve past ignring them.
When I finished my breakfast I decided t buy sme fd fr them. As I was leaving, I pulled up beside him and handed him a bag f breakfast and a small bag f dg fd. I asked him if he wuld be willing t wrk hard fr the pay. He immediately said that he culd be the hardest wrker I had ever seen.
The next day he carried wd arund and fetched tls fr me all day withut cmplaining nce. His dg simply fllwed him. During the day I learned abut his sad experiences. When the by was 15 years ld, his mther became critically ill. His father, wh tk care f the by’s mther, culd nt g ut t wrk, and the pr by had t drp ut f schl because f being unable t affrd his schl tuitin. Being t yung, he failed t find a jb. he had t beg near his hme t help his parents.
A mnth later, I paid him $2000, the lk n his face was well wrth it. My aimless act f kindness seemed t put spark (活力) back in his eyes.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After that I cntinued t ffer him sme wrk and pay him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tears f jy flded the by’s eyes.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 After that I cntinued t ffer him sme wrk and pay him. The by still wrked very hard. Even thugh he was assigned a very difficult jb, he wuld nt cmplain at all. Gradually, the by became mre active. One mrning, the by walked up t me very happily, telling me that his mther was getting better and his father culd g ut t wrk. Besides, he earned enugh mney t pay his tuitin. He culd finally g back t schl.
Tears f jy flded the by’s eyes. Saying thanks, he threw himself int my arms and gave me a big hug. He sincerely said that withut my help, he wuld nt have the pprtunity t study in schl again. He prmised t study hard in the future. If he had the pprtunity, he wuld help peple in need like me. I knew that a little kindness wuld als have a great impact.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者看到一个男孩带着一只狗在路边乞讨，为男孩买了食物和狗粮，并给他提供了一份工作。作者看到男孩非常努力工作，也了解了男孩乞讨的原因。一个月后，作者付钱给男孩，感到自己的善行似乎点燃了男孩的活力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在那之后，我继续给他提供一些工作并给他报酬。”可知，第一段可描写男孩渐渐变得活跃了，他的家庭也渐渐变好，男孩告诉作者他赚够了学费，可以回去学校上学了。
②由第二段首句内容“男孩的眼里充满了喜悦的泪水。”可知，第二段可描写男孩感谢作者，并承诺以后会努力学习，如果有机会也会去帮助别人。
2.续写线索：继续工作——情况好转——可以回学校——喜悦——感谢——承诺
3.词汇激活
行为类
①分配：assign/distribute
②承诺：prmise/make a prmise
③帮助：help/assist/give sb. a hand
情绪类
①高兴地：happily/with pleasure/with delight
②真诚地：sincerely/in gd faith
【点睛】【高分句型1】Even thugh he was assigned a very difficult jb, he wuld nt cmplain at all.（由连接词even thugh引导让步状语从句）
【高分句型2】If he had the pprtunity, he wuld help peple in need like me.（由连接词if引导虚拟条件状语从句）
本试题共8页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟
阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
Where are Peple Traveling This Summer?
A summer vacatin shuld be the best travel f yur year, an pprtunity t enjy sunshine, explre exciting new destinatins, discver new cultures and relax in fine restaurants. Here are sme f the wnderful places yu can fly fr this summer vacatin. Take a lk at them and cnsider which ne suits yu best.
Fly t Chicag
There are plenty f reasns t fllw their example this summer if yu are lking fr an exciting city break. Visitrs flck t Navy Pier, a bustling 1.5 mile-lng bardwalk that is full f family-friendly attractins.
Fly t Lndn
A transatlantic trip t the capital f the UK brings yu t a city that cmbines ancient histry with a lively, mdern urban culture. Summer visitrs can visit Buckingham Palace, hme t the Queen, the Huses f Parliament, Twer f Lndn and ther natinal mnuments.
Fly t Orland
A trip t Orland this summer brings yu t a vacatin wnderland with a fantastic cncentratin f turist attractins. Cnsistently ne f the mst ppular destinatins f the summer it will be in the tp ten travel destinatins fr Americans this year. Chse frm family-friendly Orland resrts and things t d that include Universal Orland Resrt, Walt Disney Wrld Resrt and SeaWrld Orland.
Fly t New Yrk
Spend yur summer vacatin cycling arund Central Park, taking in the view f Manhattan frm the ferry t the Statue f Liberty r enjying craft beer and eclectic cuisine in Brklyn. The summer brings music and film events t many f the city’s public spaces, including Bryant Park, alngside fd events like NYC Restaurant Week at the end f July.
1. Feeling like visiting Buckingham Palace, which place shuld yu fly t?
A. ChicagB. LndnC. OrlandD. New Yrk
2. Which f the fllwing can NOT be dne if yu fly t New Yrk?
A. Cycle arund Central Park.
B. Take in the view f Manhattan.
C. Chse frm family-friendly Orland resrts.
D. Enjy craft beer and eclectic cuisine in Brklyn.
3. In which sectin f a website can yu read the text?
A. City turs and tipsB. Hbbies f the Germans.
C. Life arund the wrld.D. Fashin n the earth.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了适合暑假去旅行的一些城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fly t Lndn部分“Summer visitrs can visit Buckingham Palace, hme t the Queen, the Huses f Parliament, Twer f Lndn and ther natinal mnuments.(夏季游客可以参观白金汉宫、女王故居、议会大厦、伦敦塔和其他国家纪念馆)”可知，如果想参观白金汉宫，你应该飞往伦敦。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fly t New Yrk部分“Spend yur summer vacatin cycling arund Central Park, taking in the view f Manhattan frm the ferry t the Statue f Liberty r enjying craft beer and eclectic cuisine in Brklyn.(暑假期间，你可以在中央公园周围骑自行车，欣赏曼哈顿的景色，乘渡轮去自由女神像，或在布鲁克林品尝手工啤酒和各色美食)”可知，如果你飞到纽约，你可以在中央公园周围骑自行车、欣赏曼哈顿的景色并在布鲁克林享受手工啤酒和各种美食，文中没有提及选择家庭友好型奥兰多度假村。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A summer vacatin shuld be the best travel f yur year, an pprtunity t enjy sunshine, explre exciting new destinatins, discver new cultures and relax in fine restaurants. Here are sme f the wnderful places yu can fly fr this summer vacatin.(暑假应该是你一年中最好的旅行时间，是一个享受阳光、探索令人兴奋的新目的地、发现新文化和在高档餐馆放松的机会。这里有一些很棒的地方，你可以在这个暑假飞到那里去)”可知，本文主要介绍了适合暑假去旅行的一些城市，文章可能出自网站的城市旅游和建议部分。故选A项。
B
Parents everywhere are praising ne Flrida mm after she shwed her daughter true lve earlier this mnth in a lessn abut being grateful. Haley Hassel was shpping fr back-t-schl supplies. She wanted t surprise her daughter Presleigh with a pencil case, which she knew her daughter wuld be happy abut. Hassel was surprised, hwever, when her little girl threw the case in the garbage and strmed int her bedrm, slamming the dr behind her.
“She yelled, ‘That’s stupid. Everyne in my class has dn’t want it anymre!’” Hassel explained in a Facebk pst. Hassel said she didn’t immediately react because she wanted t deal with the anger prperly.
“S by the time there was prbably smke cming ut f my ears I was trying really hard nt t cmpletely lse it with this kid whm I have wrked s hard t cmpletely take care f n my wn,” she wrte. “I thught I had always taught her t be grateful and knw hw lucky she was, but she needed a small wake up call!”
Hassel grabbed a plastic sandwich bag, wrte Presleigh’s name n it and handed it t her.
“I tld her t get the pencil case ut f the trash and that we wuld give it t ne whse mmmy and daddy dn’t have mney fr any schl supplies r smene wh may nt even have a mmmy r daddy.”
She cntinued, “I explained t her she’s nt entitled t（享有）anything special and she is taking fr granted hw lucky she is. S fr nw she will be using a bag and will persnally be delivering the nice bx t a child that culd benefit frm it.”
4. What did Hassel’s daughter d after she received the pencil case?
A. Put it int her bag happily.B. Threw the case in the garbage.
C. Sent Hassel a gift in return.D. Hugged and kissed Hassel.
5. What can we infer frm the Hassel’s explanatins in a Facebk pst?
A. Presleigh was a stupid.
B. Presleigh hped fr smething special.
C Presleigh hated her mther s much.
D. Presleigh refused t accept any gift that her mther bught her.
6. What des the underlined sentence “but she needed a small wake up cal!” mean?
A. But she needed t buy her smething special.
B. But she needed t call her daughter t wake up everyday.
C. But she needed a timely remind fr her daughter t be grateful.
D. But she needed t buy her an alarm clck t wake her up everyday.
7. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Hassel?
A. Patient and calm.B. Out-ging and active
C. Funny and braveD. Hardwrking and determined
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲教育自己的孩子要知道感恩的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hassel was surprised, hwever, when her little girl threw the case in the garbage and strmed int her bedrm, slamming the dr behind her.(然而，当她的小女儿把铅笔盒扔进垃圾桶，然后冲进卧室，把门重重地关上时，Hassel感到很惊讶。)”可知，Hassel的女儿在收到铅笔盒时，把铅笔盒扔进了垃圾桶。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““She yelled, ‘That’s stupid. Everyne in my class has dn’t want it anymre!’” Hassel explained in a Facebk pst.(“她喊道，‘这太愚蠢了。我班上每个人都有……我不想要了!’” Hassel在脸书上解释道。)”可推断，Hassel的女儿希望得到一些特别的东西。故选B。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。划线句子的前一句““I thught I had always taught her t be grateful and knw hw lucky she was(我以为我一直教她要感恩，要知道她有多幸运，”)”可知，她一直觉得自己教育得很好，让孩子知道感恩，而女儿的这一反应让她很震惊也很失望。再根据下文“She cntinued, “I explained t her she’s nt entitled t（享有）anything special and she is taking fr granted hw lucky she is. S fr nw she will be using a bag and will persnally be delivering the nice bx t a child that culd benefit frm it.”(她继续说道：“我向她解释说，她没有权利享有任何特别的东西，也不应该认为自己的幸运是理所当然的。所以现在她需要用一个袋子，并亲自把这个漂亮的盒子送给可能从中受益的孩子。”)”可知，她觉得应该给孩子敲敲警钟，提提醒，让孩子要懂得感恩。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““S by the time there was prbably smke cming ut f my ears, I was trying really hard nt t cmpletely lse it with this kid whm I have wrked s hard t cmpletely take care f n my wn,” she wrte.(她写道：“所以当我火冒三丈的时候，我非常努力地不让自己完全失去对这个孩子的感情，我这么努力地要自己完全照顾这个孩子。”)”可推断她很有耐心；再根据第二段“Hassel said she didn’t immediately react because she wanted t deal with the anger prperly. (Hassel说，她没有立即做出反应，因为她想恰当地应对愤怒。)”可推断，她遇事很冷静。故选A。
C
The Russia-Ukraine cnflict(俄乌冲突)culd lead t a glbal fd crisis(危机)that will hit develping cuntries the hardest, United Natins(UN)Secretary-General Antni Guterres warned in Stckhlm n Wednesday.
The Russia-Ukraine cnflict is creating suffering and “must end nw,” Guterres said at a press cnference after the meeting.
He als called fr swift decisins t reslve the fd crisis that culd arise frm the cnflict, putting develping cuntries mst at risk.
The situatin is fueling “a glbal crisis fr fd, energy and finance” that is affecting “the mst vulnerable ppulatins, cuntries and ecnmies,” he warned. “A “perfect strm” is threatening t destry the ecnmies f many develping cuntries,” he added.
The fd crisis cannt be reslved effectively unless Russia’s fertilizers and fd prductin, and Ukraine’s fd prductin can reach wrld markets again, he emphasized.
Accrding t the UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin(FAO), Russia and Ukraine are the wrld’s largest and fifth-largest wheat exprters, respectively(分别地). Tgether, they prvide 19 percent f the wrld’s barley supply, 14 percent f wheat and 4 percent f crn, making up mre than ne third f glbal grain exprts.
In Ukraine, which is knwn as the breadbasket f Eurpe, the cnflict has left unharvested wheat that was planted mnths ag, while crns and sunflwers swn(播种)when the cnflict brke ut were left unfertilized. It is estimated that Ukraine’s grain prductin may fall by mre than 50 percent in the current seasn.
Mrever, Russia is the leading prducer f fertilizers, accunting fr 13 percent f glbal prductin. Limiting Russian fertilizer exprts due t the US’sanctins(制裁)has led t a rise in glbal fertilizer prices. This has frced farmers in Brazil, the United States and ther majr agricultural cuntries t reduce their use f fertilizers, which culd affect future harvests.
8. What is the Guterres’ attitude twards ending the Russia-Ukraine cnflict?
A. Hesitant.B. Disagreed.C. Uncertain.D. Certain.
9. What can be inferred frm paragraph 6?
A. Fd crisis will becme a big wrry.
B. Prices will be able t change ur fd patterns.
C. Crn and wheat will be the mst imprtant fd.
D. They bth play an imprtant rle in grain exprts in the wrld.
10. Which ne is NOT the Ukraine’s prblems caused by the Russia-Ukraine cnflict .
A. The cnflict has left unharvested wheat.
B. Crns and sunflwers were left unfertilized.
C. Limiting Russian fertilizer exprts has led t a rise in glbal fertilizer prices.
D. Ukraine’s grain prductin may fall by mre than 50 percent in the current seasn.
11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw t Slve the Fd Crisis Effectively.
B. The Fd Crisis Cannt Be Reslved Effectively.
C. Calls Increase fr Ending the Russia-Ukraine cnflict.
D. UN Warns f Ptential Glbal Fd Crisis Due t Russia-Ukraine Cnflict.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章强调俄乌冲突可能导致全球粮食危机，并分析了其原因和影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The Russia-Ukraine cnflict is creating suffering and “must end nw,” Guterres said at a press cnference after the meeting. (古特雷斯在会后的新闻发布会上说，俄乌冲突正在造成痛苦，“现在必须结束”。)”，可知古特雷斯对结束俄乌冲突持肯定的态度。certain意为“肯定的，确定的，无疑的”符合题意。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Accrding t the UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO), Russia and Ukraine are the wrld’s largest and fifth-largest wheat exprters, respectively(分别地). Tgether, they prvide 19 percent f the wrld’s barley supply, 14 percent f wheat and 4 percent f crn, making up mre than ne third f glbal grain exprts. (根据联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO），俄罗斯和乌克兰分别是世界上最大和第五大小麦出口国。加在一起，它们提供了全球19%的大麦供应、14%的小麦和4%的玉米，占全球粮食出口的三分之一以上。)”，可知俄罗斯和乌克兰都在世界粮食出口中发挥着重要作用。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“In Ukraine, which is knwn as the breadbasket f Eurpe, the cnflict has left unharvested wheat that was planted mnths ag, while crns and sunflwers swn (播种) when the cnflict brke ut were left unfertilized. It is estimated that Ukraine’s grain prductin may fall by mre than 50 percent in the current seasn. (在被称为欧洲粮仓的乌克兰，冲突导致数月前种植的小麦未经收割，而冲突爆发时播种的玉米和向日葵则未施肥。据估计，乌克兰的粮食产量在当前季节可能下降50%以上。)”，可知C选项（限制俄罗斯化肥出口导致全球化肥价格上涨。）不是俄乌冲突引起的乌克兰问题。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The Russia-Ukraine cnflict (俄乌冲突) culd lead t a glbal fd crisis (危机) that will hit develping cuntries the hardest, United Natins(UN)Secretary-General Antni Guterres warned in Stckhlm n Wednesday.( 联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周三在斯德哥尔摩警告说，俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突可能导致全球粮食危机，对发展中国家的打击最为严重。)”，结合本文随后分析了俄乌冲突可能导致全球粮食危机的原因和影响。可知D选项（联合国警告俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突可能引发全球粮食危机。）是适合本文的标题。故选D。
D
If yu thught running was just great fr the bdy, then think again. Scientists have fund that the sprt nt nly keeps peple fit but als imprves yur brain pwer (脑力).
The research fund that peple wh keep fit are mre likely t have larger brains, better memries and clearer thinking. They als fund that unfit peple tended t have smaller brains and reduced cgnitive skills. The findings add t a grwing bdy f evidence which links exercise with helping prtect the brain against ageing (老化) and als helping it replace dying cells (死细胞). This might reduce the risk f many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59-69 n a treadmill (跑步机). Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used t assess the bld flw t their brains. Thse wh were less fit had smaller brains cmpared t the fitter vlunteers wh had larger brains. Scientists in Germany fllwed 21 adults aged between 60-77. As they went thrugh a three-mnth fitness prgram, they saw imprvements in their memry.
Researchers are nt yet sure why exercise helps t prtect brain cells but sme research in mice has prduced results. Mice, examined at the Natinal Institute n Ageing, in Baltimre, fund that cells in the hippcampus (海马体), an area f the brain used fr memry, were actively reprducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare, prfessr f clinical psychlgy f ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member f the Glbal Cuncil n Brain Health tld The Sunday Times: “Mderate intensity aerbic (有氧的) activity such as walking, cycling r running can prduce changes in brain structure and functin.”
12. Wh tend t have larger brains, better memries and clearer thinking?
A. Peple wh are healthy.B. Peple wh are thin.
C. Peple wh are unhealthy.D. Peple wh are fat.
13. What d we learn frm the experiment in paragraph 3?
A. Thse wh were less fit had larger brains.
B. Thse wh were fitter had smaller brains.
C. Exercise helps peple imprve their memry.
D. Old peple ding exercise imprve memry better than yung peple.
14. Accrd t Linda Clare, what kind f activity can NOT prduce changes in brain structure and functin?
A. Walking.B. Singing.
C. Cycling.D. Running.
15. What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T tell yu sprt imprves yur brain pwer.
B. T intrduce sme gd ways t keep healthy.
C. T teach yu hw t best spend time in ding sprts.
D. T intrduce several ways t imprve yur memry.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The research fund that peple wh keep fit are mre likely t have larger brains, better memries and clearer thinking.(研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维)”可知，健康的人可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As they went thrugh a three-mnth fitness prgram, they saw imprvements in their memry.(当他们进行为期三个月的健身计划时，他们的记忆力有所改善)”可知，从实验中可以得知，锻炼有助于人们提高记忆力。故选C项。
14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Mderate intensity aerbic activity such as walking, cycling r running can prduce changes in brain structure and functin.(中等强度的有氧运动，如步行、骑自行车或跑步，可以改变大脑结构和功能)”可知，步行、骑自行车或跑步可以改变大脑结构和功能，没有提及唱歌。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists have fund that the sprt nt nly keeps peple fit but als imprves yur brain pwer.(科学家已经发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高你的脑力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力，作者写作的目的是告诉你，运动可以提高你的脑力。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Hw t Keep Yur Pet Healthy
Yu lve yur pets, and f curse, yu want t keep them happy and healthy. It’s imprtant t prvide a gd envirnment. Als, make sure yur pets stays healthy. ____16____.
____17____.
Diet is the beginning f keeping yur pet healthy. When yu first get a pet, d yur research t find ut the mst suitable diet and d yur best t fllw it strictly. Fr example, cats are carnivres, s try t pick the fd with the highest levels f prtein.
Prvide plenty f fresh water every day.
____18____. Fr mst pets, that means prviding a bwl r dish f water that yu change ut at least nce a day. Pets need t stay hydrated t be healthy.
Prvide baths as needed.
Bathing keeps yur pet clean, and fr animals that like water, it can make them much happier t prvide baths as needed. Hw ften yu bathe yur pet really depends n the species. ____19____. Other animals, like birds, may need baths r shwers several times a week r even every day.
See yur veterinarian (兽医) fr a checkup and vaccinatins (接种疫苗).
Just like yu need t g t the dctr fr regular checkups, yur pet des, t. Prviding regular checkups allws yur vet t catch prblems early befre they develp int wrse cnditins. ____20____. Talk t yur vet abut which nes are prper fr yur pet.
A. Prvide a suitable diet
B. Exercise is healthy fr yur pet
C. Here are sme ways t keep yur pets healthy
D. Fr example, dgs ften need baths at least nce a mnth
E. Besides, vaccinatins can help keep yur pet happy and healthy
F. N matter what kind f pet yu have, it will need water in sme frm
G. While yur pet will play with tys n its wn, it will enjy playing with yu much mre
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了保持宠物健康的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Als, make sure yur pets stays healthy.(此外，确保你的宠物保持健康)”说明要让宠物保持健康，C项“以下是一些保持宠物健康的方法”承接上文，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
下文“Diet is the beginning f keeping yur pet healthy. When yu first get a pet, d yur research t find ut the mst suitable diet and d yur best t fllw it strictly.(饮食是保持宠物健康的开始。当你第一次养宠物时，要研究并查明最合适的饮食，并尽量严格遵守)”说明要研究合适的饮食以保持宠物健康，A项“提供合适的饮食”总结下文内容，可以作为本段标题句。故选A。
【18题详解】
下文“Fr mst pets, that means prviding a bwl r dish f water that yu change ut at least nce a day.(对于大多数宠物来说，这意味着提供一碗或一盘水，你每天至少换一次)”说明要给宠物提供水，F项中water是关键词，F项“无论你养什么样的宠物，它都需要某种形式的水”引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
上文“Hw ften yu bathe yur pet really depends n the species.(你给宠物洗澡的频率实际上取决于物种)”说明要定期给宠物洗澡，D项“例如，狗通常每月至少需要洗一次澡”说明宠物狗需要每个月至少洗澡一次，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“See yur veterinarian fr a checkup and vaccinatins.(请看兽医检查并接种疫苗)”说明要看兽医并接种疫苗，以及下文“Talk t yur vet abut which nes are prper fr yur pet.(和你的兽医谈谈哪些适合你的宠物)”说明要和兽医谈论哪种疫苗适合自己的宠物，E项中vaccinatins是关键词，E项“此外，接种疫苗可以帮助宠物保持快乐和健康”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
The sn f Mr. Smith, a rich neighbr, used t cme t see the blacksmith(铁匠)every day and fr hurs and hurs he wuld enjy himself ____21____ hw he wrked.
“Yung man, why dn’t yu try yur hand t ____22____ t make she tacks(鞋钉)?” said the blacksmith. “Wh knws, ne day, it may be f use t yu.”
The lazy by began t see what he culd d. But after a little ____23____ he fund that he was becming very skilled(熟练的)and sn he was making sme f the ____24____ tacks.
Old Mr. Smith died and the sn lst all his ____25____ because f the war. He had t ____26____ hme and was frced t live in anther cuntry. It s happened that in this ____27____ there were many shemakers wh were spending a lt f ____28____ t buy tacks fr their shes and even at times when they paid high prices they were nt always able t ____29____ what they wanted, because in that part f the cuntry there was a _____30_____ demand fr sldiers’ shes.
Yung Mr. Smith, wh was finding it _____31_____ t earn his daily bread, remembered that nce upn a time he had learned the art f making tacks and had the sudden _____32_____ f making a bargain with the shemakers. He tld them that he wuld make the tacks if they wuld help t get him _____33_____ his wrkshp. The shemakers were nly t glad f the _____34_____. And after a while, Yung Mr. Smith fund that he was sn making the finest tacks in the village.
“_____35_____,” he used t say, “making tacks can bring a big frtune. My trade is mre useful t me than all my frmer frtune.”
21. A. helpingB. watchingC. spttingD. ignring
22. A. reachB. breakC. learnD. replace
23. A. practiceB. adventureC. hesitatinD. peratin
24. A. finestB. wrstC. lngestD. shrtest
25. A. breakB. shesC. benefitD. gds
26. A. returnB. escapeC. cmeD. leave
27. A. villageB. huseC. cityD. twn
28. A. mneyB. requestC. ecnmyD. emtin
29. A. enjyB. getC. pursueD. desire
30. A. psitiveB. impssibleC. tughD. high
31. A. funnyB. excitingC. difficultD. particular
32 A. jyB. ideaC. testD. chice
33. A. satisfied withB. cncerned abutC. settled inD. experienced in
34. A. helpB. galC. fferD. attitude
35. A. IllegallyB. SurprisinglyC. EventuallyD. Slwly
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的史密斯先生学会了一门做鞋钉的手艺，后来父亲去世，因为战争他失去了所有的东西，但是当他不得不离开家乡谋生时，他的这门手艺却给他带来了财富和惊喜。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个富有的邻居史密斯先生的儿子过去每天都来看铁匠，一个小时又一个小时地看着他如何工作。A. helping帮助；B. watching观看；C. sptting发现；D. ignring忽略。结合空格前的“every day and fr hurs and hurs”和空格后的“hw he wrked”可知史密斯先生的儿子应该是“看”铁匠如何工作。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人，你为什么不试试你的手来学做鞋钉？A. reach到达；B. break中断；C. learn学习；D. replace更换。结合空格前的“why dn’t yu try yur hand”可知是铁匠询问年轻人为什么不学做鞋钉。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过一点练习后，他发现自己变得非常熟练，很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。A. practice练习；B. adventure冒险；C. hesitatin犹豫；D. peratin操作。结合前文 “The lazy by began t see what he culd d.”和后文“he fund that he was becming very skilled”可知经过一点练习，他发现自己变得非常熟练。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：但经过一点练习后，他发现自己变得非常熟练，很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。A. finest最好的；B. wrst最差的；C. lngest最长的；D. shrtest最短的。结合前文“he fund that he was becming very skilled”可知很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于战争，老史密斯先生去世了，儿子失去了所有的财产。A. break休息，暂停；B. shes鞋子；C. benefit利益；D. gds商品，私人财产。结合前文“Old Mr. Smith died”和空格后的“because f the war”推断因为父亲去世和战争，儿子失去了所有的财产。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不得不离家，被迫住在另一个国家。A. return返回；B. escape逃生；C. cme来；D. leave离开。结合空格后句子“was frced t live in anther cuntry”，可知是被迫离开家。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠花了很多钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. village村庄；B. huse房屋；C. city城市；D. twn城镇。根据14空后的“And after a while, Yung Mr. Smith fund that he was sn making the finest tacks in the village.”可知village是同词复现，这里表示碰巧在这个村子里。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. mney金钱；B. request要求；C. ecnmy经济；D. emtin情感。结合空格前的“spending”和空格后的“buy tacks”推断是有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. enjy享受；B. get获得；C. pursue追求；D. desire期望。结合前文“even at times when they paid high prices they were nt always able t”可以推断是有时花高价钱也不能得到他们想要的东西。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A. psitive积极的，肯定的；B. impssible不可能的；C. tugh坚韧的；D. high高的。结合前文提到有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到鞋钉，可知用a high demand fr，意为“对……有高的需求”表示士兵的鞋子需求量很大。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的史密斯先生发现每天都很难谋生，他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。A. funny有趣的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. difficult困难的；D. particular特别的。结合前文提到战争，人们花高价买鞋钉，可推断年轻的史密斯先生很难谋生。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻的史密斯先生发现每天都很难谋生，他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。A. jy快乐；B. idea想法；C. test测试；D. chice选择。结合空格前的“remembered that nce upn a time he had learned the art f making tacks”和空格后的“f making a bargain with the shemakers”可知是他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：他告诉他们，如果他们能帮他在他的车间安顿下来，他就做鞋钉。A. satisfied with对……满意；B. cncerned abut对……关心；C. settled in定居，安顿下来；D. experienced in在……经验丰富。结合空格后的宾语“his wrkshp”可知用settled in表示“安顿下来”符合题意。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鞋匠们对这个提议非常高兴。A. help帮助；B. gal目标；C. ffer报价，主动提议；D. attitude态度。结合前文的“He tld them that he wuld make the tacks if they wuld help t get him ___ 13___ his wrkshp.”可知是鞋匠们对这个提议非常高兴。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“出人意料的是，”他常说，“做鞋钉可以带来很大的财富。我的生意对我来说比我以前所有的财富都有用。”A. Illegally非法地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地，出乎意料地；C. Eventually最终地；D. Slwly缓慢地。结合后文“making tacks can bring a big frtune. My trade is mre useful t me than all my frmer frtune.”可知做鞋钉能够带来巨大财富这件事是出人意料的。故选B。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The hme crwd erupted when China’s Eileen Gu wn the wmen’s big air freeskiing gld in Beijing.
Gu ____36____ (jump)int the tp psitin with her third run, scring 94.50. Her ttal scre was 188.25 in the event’s debut at the Winter Olympics.
Gu is an 18-year-ld girl ____37____ is a freestyle skier, mdel and grade-A student with ____38____ American father and a Chinese mther. She grew up in the United States. It was there that she grew t lve skiing. By 2018, she was representing the US ____39____ the wrld cup fr the sprt.
Then, she decided t switch frm representing the US t representing China. The decisin made her fan shcked and ____40____ (cnfuse), but Gu was determined, ____41____ (share)her reasning n Instagram at the time.
“This was an ____42____ (extreme)tugh decisin fr me t skiing, I hpe t unite peple, prmte cmmn understanding, create cmmunicatin, and frge ____43____ (friendship)between natins... I’m trying my best t make the wrld a ____44____ (gd)place in my wn way.” said Gu. “If I can help t inspire ne yung girl _____45_____ (break)a bundary, my wishes will have cme true.” she added.
【答案】36. jumped
37. wh##that 38. an 39. in
40. cnfused
41. sharing
42. extremely
43. friendships
44. better 45. t break
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国选手谷爱凌在北京冬奥会上赢得自由式滑雪金牌，并详细介绍了她的个人信息。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：谷爱凌以第三跳94.50分的高分跃居榜首。结合本文描述的是过去发生的冬奥会的事情，时态应该用一般过去时，动词jump用过去式jumped。故填jumped。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：谷爱凌是一个18岁的女孩，她是一名自由式滑雪运动员、模特和一名成绩优异的学生，父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是an 18-year-ld girl，且在从句中作主语，指人用that或wh引导。故填that/wh。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：谷爱凌是一个18岁的女孩，她是一名自由式滑雪运动员、模特和一名成绩优异的学生，父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。结合and之后的a Chinese mther，可知空格处缺少不定冠词表示泛指，American以元音音素开头，用an符合题意。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：到2018年，她代表美国参加了这项运动的世界杯。表示“在世界杯当中”用介词in“在……之中”符合题意。故填in。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一决定让她的粉丝感到震惊和困惑，但谷爱凌下定决心，在Instagram上分享了她的理由。and连接并列成分，和形容词shcked并列用形容词cnfused表示“感到困惑的”符合题意。故填cnfused。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一决定让她的粉丝感到震惊和困惑，但谷爱凌下定决心，在Instagram上分享了她的理由。空格处所在的句子谓语动词是系动词was，空格处需要非谓语动词，Gu和share之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填sharing。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：这对我来说是一个非常艰难的决定。修饰形容词tugh需要用副词extremely。故填extremely。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：通过滑雪，我希望团结人们，促进共识，创造沟通，并在国家之间建立友谊。表示“具体的友谊或朋友关系”时，friendship是可数名词，结合空格后的“between natins”可知空格处需要使用名词复数。故填friendships。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：我正在尽最大努力以我自己的方式使世界成为一个更美好的地方。结合句意可知需要表达“一个更美好的地方”，用形容词比较级better作定语修饰名词place。故填better。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我能帮助激励一个年轻女孩打破界限，我的愿望就会实现。inspire sb. t d sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填t break。
写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，2022年9月10日，你市将举办中秋节文化活动。你校外教Abbtt对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，邀请他一起来参加，内容包括：
1.写信目的；2.活动时间和地点；3.活动内容和意义。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Abbtt,
Since yu’re keen n Chinese traditinal culture, I’d like t invite yu t participate in the celebratin f the Mid-Autumn Festival, which will take place in the Culture Square n September 10th, 2022.
Scheduled frm 7 t 9 p. m., the celebratin will be a feast f the Chinese culture. Ranging frm enjying varieties f mncakes t sharing stries abut the festival, the activities will undubtedly help yu gain a glimpse int the unique Chinese traditins and custms. And yur presence will als add t ur enjyment.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd accept ur invitatin. Please reply at yur earliest cnvenience.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给对中国传统文化很感兴趣的外教Abbtt写一封邀请信，参加该市将举办中秋节文化活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜爱，热衷于：be keen n→be fnd f/be crazy abut
参加：participate in→take part in
安排：schedule→arrange
各种各样的：varieties f→all kinds f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Scheduled frm 7 t 9 p. m., the celebratin will be a feast f the Chinese culture.
拓展句：The celebratin which is scheduled frm 7 t 9 p. m. will be a feast f the Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Since yu’re keen n Chinese traditinal culture, I’d like t invite yu t participate in the celebratin f the Mid-Autumn Festival, which will take place in the Culture Square n September 10th, 2022.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
Ranging frm enjying varieties f mncakes t sharing stries abut the festival, the activities will undubtedly help yu gain a glimpse int the unique Chinese traditins and custms. （运用了现在分词作状语）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last week, as I was having breakfast in my truck, I nticed a by, sitting by the rad with his dg. He was hlding a sign asking fr mney r fd t help feed him and his dg. Peple drve past ignring them.
When I finished my breakfast I decided t buy sme fd fr them. As I was leaving, I pulled up beside him and handed him a bag f breakfast and a small bag f dg fd. I asked him if he wuld be willing t wrk hard fr the pay. He immediately said that he culd be the hardest wrker I had ever seen.
The next day he carried wd arund and fetched tls fr me all day withut cmplaining nce. His dg simply fllwed him. During the day I learned abut his sad experiences. When the by was 15 years ld, his mther became critically ill. His father, wh tk care f the by’s mther, culd nt g ut t wrk, and the pr by had t drp ut f schl because f being unable t affrd his schl tuitin. Being t yung, he failed t find a jb. he had t beg near his hme t help his parents.
A mnth later, I paid him $2000, the lk n his face was well wrth it. My aimless act f kindness seemed t put spark (活力) back in his eyes.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After that I cntinued t ffer him sme wrk and pay him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tears f jy flded the by’s eyes.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 After that I cntinued t ffer him sme wrk and pay him. The by still wrked very hard. Even thugh he was assigned a very difficult jb, he wuld nt cmplain at all. Gradually, the by became mre active. One mrning, the by walked up t me very happily, telling me that his mther was getting better and his father culd g ut t wrk. Besides, he earned enugh mney t pay his tuitin. He culd finally g back t schl.
Tears f jy flded the by’s eyes. Saying thanks, he threw himself int my arms and gave me a big hug. He sincerely said that withut my help, he wuld nt have the pprtunity t study in schl again. He prmised t study hard in the future. If he had the pprtunity, he wuld help peple in need like me. I knew that a little kindness wuld als have a great impact.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者看到一个男孩带着一只狗在路边乞讨，为男孩买了食物和狗粮，并给他提供了一份工作。作者看到男孩非常努力工作，也了解了男孩乞讨的原因。一个月后，作者付钱给男孩，感到自己的善行似乎点燃了男孩的活力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在那之后，我继续给他提供一些工作并给他报酬。”可知，第一段可描写男孩渐渐变得活跃了，他的家庭也渐渐变好，男孩告诉作者他赚够了学费，可以回去学校上学了。
②由第二段首句内容“男孩的眼里充满了喜悦的泪水。”可知，第二段可描写男孩感谢作者，并承诺以后会努力学习，如果有机会也会去帮助别人。
2.续写线索：继续工作——情况好转——可以回学校——喜悦——感谢——承诺
3.词汇激活
行为类
①分配：assign/distribute
②承诺：prmise/make a prmise
③帮助：help/assist/give sb. a hand
情绪类
①高兴地：happily/with pleasure/with delight
②真诚地：sincerely/in gd faith
【点睛】【高分句型1】Even thugh he was assigned a very difficult jb, he wuld nt cmplain at all.（由连接词even thugh引导让步状语从句）
【高分句型2】If he had the pprtunity, he wuld help peple in need like me.（由连接词if引导虚拟条件状语从句）
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