2023英语高考命题总复习----阅读提升（自然灾害与保护）

这是一份2023英语高考命题总复习----阅读提升（自然灾害与保护），共15页。

考点十四 自然灾害与保护
第一步 精准刷题
阅读
A
(2022·重庆市西南大学附属中学高三摸底考试)The University of Adelaide employs a fulltime staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and maintain all sprinkler systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers. They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a
new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never toy with these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following;
●Take your room key and ID. Close and lock the door to your room.
●Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit and do not use a lift.
●Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
●If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking, contact residence hall staff immediately.
●Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way. If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
1. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?
A. To provide part-time jobs for students.
B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
2.In a fire drill, the students should__________.
A. rush quickly to a lift
B. gather at the nearest exit
C. shut the door and leave at once
D. wait for instructions in the hall
3.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should__________.
A. contact the hall staff regularly
B. cover the things that burn easily
C. start the smoke detector in a fire
D. make certain the red light is working
答案:
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些防火信息，包括火灾警报、防火演练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的注意事项。
1.C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They inspect all campus buildings and maintain all sprinkler systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers.(他们检查校园里的所有建筑物，并维护所有的自动喷水灭火系统、火警警报器以及灭火器。)”可知，防火专业人员的主要职责是检查和保养防火设备。故选C.]
2.C[细节理解题。根据 Fire Drills 部分中的“Close and lock the door to your room.(关好房间的门并锁上。)”和“Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit and do not use a lift. ( 立即从最近的紧急出口离开，不要使用电梯。)”可知，在防火演练中，学生们应该关上房门迅速离开。故选C.]
3.D[推理判断题。根据 Smoke Detector 部分中的“If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. ( 如果烟雾探测器正常工作，红灯应该是亮的。)”可推知，为了保证烟雾探测器的安全运行，必须确保红灯能正常亮起。故选D.]

B
(2020·新高考II卷)Rainforests are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single bush(灌木丛) in the Amazon may have more species of ants than the whole of Britain! About 480 varieties of trees may be found in just one hectare of rainforest.
Rainforests are the lungs of the planet-storing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and producing a significant amount of the world's oxygen. Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy(树冠层)of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat from the sun and strong winds.
Amazingly, the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, although close together, never actually touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the plants' way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. To survive in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the gaps. The ground floor of the forest is not all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually fairly clear. Ii is where dead leaves turn into food for the trees and other forest life.
They are not called rainforests for nothing! Rainforests can generate 75% of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal-and in some areas there may be as much as 430 inches of rain annually. This is real rain-your umbrella may protect you in a shower, but it won't keep you dry if there is a full rainstorm. In just two hours, streams can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity(湿气) of large rainforests contributes to the formation of rainclouds that may travel to other countries in need of rain.
4. What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph?
A. They produce oxygen.
B. They cover a vast area.
C. They are well managed.
D. They are rich in wildlife.
5.Which of the following contributes most to the survival of rainforests?
A. Heavy rains.
B. Big trees.
C. Small plants.
D. Forest animals.
6.Why do the leaves and branches of different trees avoid touching each other?
A. For more sunlight.
B. For more growing space.
C. For self-protection.
D. For the detection of insects.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Life-Giving Rainforests
B. The Law of the Jungle
C. Animals in the Amazon
D. Weather in Rainforests
答案:
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了热带雨林的诸多益处。
4.D [细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Rainforests are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals ... a single bush(灌木丛) in the Amazon may have more species of ants than the whole of Britain!(热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。亚马孙热带雨林里的一处灌木丛里的蚂蚁种类可能比整个英国的蚂蚁种类都多！)”可知，热带雨林有丰富的野生动植物，故选D.]
5.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy(树冠层)of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat from the sun and strong winds.( 热带雨林有自己完美的生存体系，高大的树本用枝干和树叶组成树冠层保护树木本身、小植物，动物们免受大雨，来自太阳的强烈干热和强风带来的伤害。)”可知，大树最有益于热带雨林生存，故选B.]
6.C[推理判断题。根据第三段中的＂Scientists think this is the plants' way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like caterpillars.(科学家们认为这是植物阻止任何树木疾病扩散和让食用树叶的昆虫比如毛毛虫难以生存的方式。)”可以判断出，不同树木的树叶和树枝避免彼此触碰是为了寻求自我保护，故选C.]
7.A [标趣判断题。本文首先讲述了热带雨林蕴藏了丰富的药用植物、食物以及乌禽猛兽。其次，热带雨林就是地球的肺－－它假纳了大量的二氧化碳，并制造了全球氧气的很大部分。并且，雨林可以自我形成所需降雨的75%,面庞大的热带雨林湿气则可以形成雨云，这些雨云则可以飘往那些缺雨水的国家。由此可以判断出本文最佳标题是“给予生命的热带雨林”，故选A.]

七选五
(2022·重庆实验外国语学校高三摸底考试)Floods can strike quickly and with little warning in many parts of the world. Surviving a flood is a combination of preparation and appropriate action as soon as the disaster begins. 1
1.Make a flood survival plan.
2 Pick several meeting spots in case you need to leave home, such as a friend's home in a safe town or as helter in your area. Make sure everyone in the family knows where these locations are and how to get there through high ground.
2.Escape flood waters.
When emergency services tell you to leave, listen to their instructions. You may have only a short time to escape, so act quickly, using your planned route.
Move to higher ground away from water. Whether you are on foot or have to abandon your car, higher ground is your best option. If you're stuck at home, head for the roof if you can do so safely.
Avoid crossing through water. Water up to your ankles is enough to be dangerous. When you're in doubt about the water depth, don't risk it. 3 Use it to measure the water's depth and feel for stable ground.
3.Follow news and warning.
Flooding information can be found on your local news or weather station's TV channel or website. 4 Or, listen to local radio stations for regular updates.
4. 5
On the way home, watch out for damaged areas. Stay off bridges. The soil under usual routes will be muddy and less able to support the weight of vehicles. Find alternate routes over high ground or wait for the authorities to indicate which roads are safe.
A. Return home after a flood.
B. Protect your home during a flood.
C. If you have to go through water, bring a stick.
D. Sit down with your family to establish a plan of action.
E. You should tune in to monitor changes in the weather.
F. If your car gets stuck in water, open or break the windows.
G. Here are some tips to help you and your family survive a flood.
1.__________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________
答案:
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种帮助你和你的家人在洪水中生存的建议。
1.G [根据上文“Surviving a flood is a combination of preparation and appropriate action as soon as the disaster begins.(在洪水中生存是准备工作和灾难－开始就采取适当行动的结合。)”并结合下文的小标题可知，设空处应总起下文，说明下文讲的是在洪水中生存的方法。G项(这里有一些帮助你和你的家人在洪水中生存的建议。)符合题意。故选G.]
2.D [根据本段小标题“Make a flood survival plan.(制定一个洪水求生计划。)”可知，设空处讲述的是与制定求生计划有关。D项(和你的家人坐下来制定一个行动计划。)符合题意。故选D.]
3.C [根据下文“Use it to measure the water's depth and feel for stable ground.(用它来测量水的深度，并感觉地面是否稳定。)”可知，C项(如果你必须穿过水，带一根棍子。)符合题意。故选C.]
4.E [根据本段小标题“Follow news and warning.(关注新闻和警告。)”可知，本段讲述的方法是要关注天气方面的新闻报道。E项(你应该收看天气预报。)符合题意。故选E.]
5.A [根据下文“On the way home, watch out for damaged areas.(在回家的路上，注意受损区域。)”可知，本段是讲述洪水过后回家要注意的点。A项(洪水过后回家。)适合作本段小标题。故选A.]

第二步 精深学习
阅读
A
(2021·新高考I卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)。
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J. N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System-a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A. Loss of wetlands.
B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers.
D. Arrival of other wild animals.
2.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire.
B. Export.
C. Destroy.
D. Distribute.
3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?
A. The stamp price has gone down.
B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting.
D. The government has collected money.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
答案:
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国联邦鸭票计划的相关信息。
1.A [细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Millions of waterfowl(水禽)were killed ... market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried ...greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)，”可知，商业狩猎和户外运动爱好者的打猎是导致水禽数量下降的一个原因；另外一个是，由于湿地的流失，水禽的栖息地随之减少，从而造成水禽数量下降。故选A.]
2.C [词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely,”可知，北美的土著居民把这些自然资源保护得很好。而画线词所在句用Unfortunately 开头，与上文形成转折，说明移民者破坏了这些资源。故选C.]
3.D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund'可知，联邦政府将出售美国联邦鸭票的收入直接投入候乌保护基金，用来保护湿地和野生动物栖息地。由此可推知，该法案的直接结果是政府筹集到了资金。故选D
4.A [标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要从开展美国联邦鴨票计划的缘由，鸭票计划的实施，以及实施成效三方面介绍了鴨票计划的相关信息。故选A.]

B
(2021·北京高考)Early fifth-century philosopher St. Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked him. Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies depending on where you measure it. Today's state-of-the-art atomic(原子的)clocks have proven Einstein right. Even advanced physics can't decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question you're asking.
Forget about time as an absolute. What if, instead of considering time in terms of astronomy, we related time to ecology? What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo (节奏) of human life? We're increasingly aware of the fact that we can't control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate(调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance. What if our definition of time reflected that?
Recently, I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that's connected to circumstances on our planet, conditions that might change as a result of global warming. We're now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes. We've programmed it to match an atomic clock if the waterways continue to flow at their present rate. If the rivers run faster in the future on average, the clock will get ahead of standard time. If they run slower, you'll see the opposite effect.
The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics. It's a sort of observatory that reveals how the rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame(时间框架)，and allows us to witness those changes on our smart watches or phones. Anyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will live in harmony with the planet. Anyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a major imbalance and may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies.
Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars, early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena. In pre-Classical Greece, for instance, people “corrected" official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season. Temporal connection to the environment was vital to their survival. Likewise, river time and other timekeeping systems we're developing may encourage environmental awareness.
When St. Augustine admitted his inability to define time, he highlighted one of time's most noticeable qualities: Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context. Any timekeeping system is valid, and each is as praiseworthy as its purpose.
5. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A. Timekeeping is increasingly related to nature.
B. Everyone can define time on their own terms.
C. The qualities of time vary with how you measure it.
D. Time is a major concern of philosophers and scientists.
6.The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to
A. present an assumption
B. evaluate an argument
C. highlight an experiment
D. introduce an approach
7.What can we learn from this passage?
A. Those who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced life.
B. New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems.
C. Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower.
D. Modern technology may help to shape the rivers' temporal frame.
8.What can we infer from this passage?
A. It is crucial to improve the definition of time.
B. A fixed frame will make time meaningless.
C. We should live in harmony with nature.
D. History is a mirror reflecting reality.
答案:
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过讨论时间的定义，论述了人们应该和大自然和谐相处，保护环境。5.B [段落大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Even advanced physics can't decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question you're asking.(即使是先进的物理学也不能明确地告诉我们时间是什么，因为答案取决于你要问的问题。)”以及上文列举的哲学家St. Augustine(圣·奥古斯丁)和Albert Einstein(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)对于时间的定义可知，第一段主要讲述每个人都可以用自己的方式来定义时间。故选B.]
6.D [推理判断题。作者在第二段提出三个问题，紧接着第三段首句写道“Recently, I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that's connected to circumstances on our planet, conditions that might change as a result of global warming.(最近，我提出了一种新的计时方法，它与我们星球上的环境有关，与由于全球变暖而可能发生变化的环境有关。)”。由此可推知，第二段提出的三个问题是为了引出一种计时方法。故选D.]
7.C [细节理解题。根据第三段最后四句“We've now building a clock ... If they run slower, you'll see the opposite effect.(我们现在在安克·雷奇博物馆建造一个时钟，它反映了阿拉斯加几条主要河流的总流量，这些河流对当地环境以及全球环境的变化颇为敏感。我们给时钟编了程序，如果河流继续以现在的速度流动的话，那么就让它与原子钟相匹配。如果未来河流平均流速加快，时钟就比标准时间走得快。如果河流流速变慢，你就会看到相反的结果。)”可知，如果河流运行速度较慢，原子时间将超过河流时间。故选C.]
8.C [推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“We're increasingly aware of the fact... that we need to moderate (调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance.(我们越来越意识到，我们不能只是用工程来控制地球系统，意识到如果我们希望保持平衡，我们就需要调节我们的行为。)”和倒数第二段最后两句“Temporal connection to the environment was vital to ... may encourage environmental awareness.(时间与环境的暂时联系对它们的生存至关重要。同样，河流时间和我们正在开发的其他时间保护系统也可能会鼓励人们提高环保意识。)”可推知，我们应该与自然和谐共处，保护环境。故选C.]

七选五
(2022·山东省青岛市第五十八中学高三期中考试)Failure is probably the most exhausting experience one ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult. 1
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first. 2 Using my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order and I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.
3 Its difficulties appear so great that we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can and then let the unconscious take over. When planning Encyclopedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents. Nothing like this had ever been done before so that my fatigue became almost unbearable. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. 4 An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind and proved correct at every step.
5 Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing. Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
A. Feeling relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
B. Hard as I worked as before, I felt no fatigue.
C. This feeling finally weighed me down.
D. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
E. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.
F. I racked my brains day and night and wrote the essays desperately.
G.I once was asked to write quite a lot of essays on some famous authors.
1.__________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________
答案:
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。失败可能是人一生中最令人疲惫的经历，文章介绍了通过两种方式体验这种疲惫：启动疲惫和性能疲惫，表达了人们需要通过努力获得成功的观点。
1.E [根据上文“We experience this tiredness in two ways: start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.(我们通过两种方式体验这种疲惫：启动疲惫和性能疲惫。在前一种情况下，我们总是推迟任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难。)”可知，推迟
任务会使人感到疲惫。E项(我们拖得越久，就越累。)承接上文，符合题意。故选E.]
2.G [根据下文“Using my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order and I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing.(根据我自己的规则，我决定按照字母顺序把它们写下来，我总是以论文写作这一艰巨的任务开始一天的工作。)”可知，此处应举例说明最先处理困难工作的方法。G项(我曾经被要求写很多关于一些著名作家的文章。)符合题意。故选G.]
3.D [根据下文“Its difficulties appear so great that we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can and then let the unconscious take over.(它的困难显得如此之大，以至于我们一次又一次地失败。在这种情况下，我尽我所能努力工作，然后让潜意识占据上风。)”可知，此处应提出另一种体验疲惫的方法性能疲惫。D项(性能疲惫更难处理。)符合题意。故选D.]
4.A [根据下文“An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind and proved correct at every step.(一个小时后，我突然醒来，我的潜意识里出现了解决方案，并证明每一步都是正确的。)”可知，作者改变想法后去休息了。A项(我感到如释重负，靠在一张安乐椅上睡着了。符合题
意。故选A.]
5.B[根据下文“Success, then, means never feeling tired.(因此，成功意味着永不疲倦。)”可知，此处表达了作者成功摆脱了疲惫后的感悟。B项(虽然我和以前一样努力工作，但我并不感到疲惫。)符合题意。故选B.]

在语篇中提升
1.appoint vt. __________(A篇第二段)
→appointment n. __________ →appointed adj. __________.
appoint sb as/to be... __________

appoint


make/have an appointment with sb__________



keep/break an appointment__________


by appointment__________

appointment



appointment as/to be__________



(1)单句语法填空
①All consultations are__________ appointment only.
②Qualified investors can now make an appointment__________ brokerages to apply for BSE trading access.
③I've got an appointment__________ (see) Ms Edwards at two o'clock.
④I must arrive at his office at the__________ time because I have had an__________ with him, but suddenly I was__________ to pick up a guest of our company at the airport. (appoint)
(2)翻译
We must appoint someone to act as secretary.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2.available adj. ____________________ (A篇最后一段)
→availably adv. __________ →availability n. __________
be available for__________


be available to do sth__________

available



be available to sb__________



(1)单句语法填空
①The trend, then, was towards the “penny paper"-a term referring to papers made widely available__________ the public.
②Go to the government website to learn about programmes and online tools available__________ (help) people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
③Replacement cards will be available__________ you to collect seven working days after making the request.
(2)翻译
The director was not available for comments.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3.advanced adj. __________ (B篇第一段)
→advance n. ____________________vt.& vi. __________
make an advance/advances in__________


in advance (=ahead of time) __________

advance



in advance of__________



(1)单句语法填空
①She decided to go back to college__________ (advance) her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.
②Hainan is in urgent need of international experts with global vision and__________ (advance) management experience.
③Galileo's ideas were well__________ advance of the age in which he lived.
④With the help of the__________ technology, we are sure to complete the task in__________ (advance)
(2)翻译
Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4.exhausting adj. __________ (七选五第一段)
→exhaust v. __________ n. __________→exhausted adj. ____________________
翻译
There's no need to exhaust yourself clearing up-we'll do it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1.任命，委任；约定，指定，确定 约会，预约；任命，委任；职务 约定的，指定的 指定／任命某人为与某人有约 守／失约按约定，按事先确定的时间 任命为··
(1)单句语法填空
①by ②with ③to see ④appointed; appointment appointment; appointed
(2)翻译
我们得指定一个人当秘书。
2.可获得的，可找到的；有空的 有效地；可获得地 可用性；有效性；实用性 对······有用；有效 可用于做某事 对某人来说是可利用的／可获得的
(1)单句语法填空
①to ②to help ③for
(2)翻译
主管没有时间发表意见。
3.高级的；先进的 进步，进展；前进，行进 发展，进步 在某方面有进步／发展 提前 在······之前；(发展上)超前
(1)单句语法填空
①to advance ②advanced ③in ④advanced; advance
(2)翻译
下次你去拜访鲍勃的时候，记得提前给他打个电话。
4.令人筋疲力尽的 使筋疲力尽；耗尽 废气；排气管，排气装置筋疲力尽的；耗尽的，枯竭的
翻译
你不必筋疲力尽地收拾－我们会做的。