中考英语情态动词和虚拟语气考点击破及50道精选试题训练

这是一份中考英语情态动词和虚拟语气考点击破及50道精选试题训练，共17页。试卷主要包含了can/culd的用法，may/ might的用法，must的用法，will/wuld的用法，$hall的用法， shuld的用法，need的用法， had better的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考英语情态动词和虚拟语气考点击破
——50道精选试题训练
考点一、can/could的用法
1.表示能力,意为“能,会”。 could是can的过去式。
Jim can speak English, but he can't speek Chinese.
吉姆会说英语,但是他不会说汉语。
No one could answer this question
没有人能回答这个问题。
注意
can与 be able to的区别
(1)can只用于一般现在时和一般过去时中，be able to可用于各种时态。
(2)在过去时态的句子中,could仅表示具备能力,不说明是否实施了能力;而 be able to侧重有能力
且经过努力而成功做成了某事。

2.表示推测意为“可能”常用于否定句和疑问句中。 could既可以表示过去的可能性,又可以表示现在的可能性,其语气更弱一些。
That man can't be my English teacher. He has gone to
Canada.那个男子不可能是我的英语老师。他已经去加拿大了。
He looks so young. He couldn 't be over fifty.
他看起来这么年轻,不可能50多岁了。
3表示请求或允许,多用于口语中。 could表示委婉的请求或看法,但是答语只能用can。
Can you bring your football to school?
你可以带你的足球来学校吗?
—Could you help me work out the problem？
你能帮我做出这道题吗?
—Yes,Ican.是的,可以。
4.can还可表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况,常用于肯定句中,意为“有时会”。
The climate in the south can be pretty cold in winter.
南方的天气在冬天有时也会很冷。
Jim can be very annoying吉姆有时会很烦人
5.can的习惯用法有:
can' t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事
can' t help but do sth.不得不做某事
can but do sth.只好做某事
can't...... too/enough无论怎么……也不为过
When I try to speak English, I cant help making many mistakes.当我试图开口说英语时,我总是不由自主地犯许多错误。
We can but wait until Mary comes.我们只好等到玛丽来。
You can't be too careful to cross the road.过马路时,怎么小心也不为过。

考点二、may/ might的用法
1.表示把握性不大的推测,意为“或许;大概”,可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测,常用于肯定句中。 might表示的可能性低于may。
We might go to Australia.我们可能去澳大利亚。
—Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?
你们决定去哪里过暑假了吗?
—Not yet. We may go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation.
还没有。我们可能去青岛。那是度假的好地方。
2.表示许可或征求对方的意见。给予许可时可用may,但不能用 might.
May I ask you to help us raise the money？
我可以让你帮我们筹钱吗?
Might I have a word with you?我可以和你谈谈吗？
3.may还可以用于祈使句中,表示祝愿。
May all your dreams come true.祝你梦想成真。
May you have a pleasant journey.祝你旅途愉快。
注意
may be是“情态动词+系动词be"结构,意为“可能是”,否定式为 may not be。 maybe是副词,意为“可能，大概”。

考点三、must的用法
1.mus表示义务,意为“必须”,多指现在或将来的情况,强调说话人的主观意志。
It's getting late. I really must go.时间不早了。我真的必须走了。
We must be careful when were walking across the road.There' re too many cars now.我们过马路时一定要当心。现在路上有很多汽车。
注意
haye to强调客观的需要,意为“必须,不得不”;must表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须”。 have to有人称、数和时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。
I have to leave early tomorrow morning.
明天早上我必须要早点动身。
You don 't have to tell him the truth
你没有必要告诉他真相。

2.must表示推测时,指有根据、有把握的推测,只能用于肯定句。可以对现在、过去或将来的情况进行推测。
You must be a middle school student.
你一定是一名中学生。
Then you must be the person we are looking for.
那么你一定就是我们正在找的那个人了。
3.must的否定形式 mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。表示否定推测时用can't,意为“不可能”。若表示“不必,没必要”之意时,应该用needn't或don't have to。
You mustn' t do any cleaning on the first day of the Chinese New Year在中国新年的第一天你不许打扫任何东西。
You mustn't park your car on the busy street.
不许把车停在这条繁忙的街道上。
—Must I learn all these words by heart?
我必须要记住这些单词吗?
—No you needn 't. It'll be fine if you copy them in your exercise books.
不用，你在练习本上抄几遍就可以了。
考点四、will/would的用法
1.表示意愿,可用于各种人称。 would是will的过去式,用于过去的情况。
—Can someone help me?有人能帮我一下吗?
—I will.我来帮你。
Mary said she would do everything for him.
玛丽说她愿意为他做任何事情。
2.表示征求意见或提出请求,多用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中。 would的语气比较委婉。
Will you close the window? It s very cold
请你把窗户关上好吗?太冷了。
Would you help me with my English?
请你帮我学英语好吗?
3.表示习惯或特性带有主观性,意为“总是”。will示现在的习惯, would表示过去的习惯。
In Canada, many people will not give big gifts to someone
lse.在加拿大,许多人不给其他人送大件的礼物。
He would go to the park as soon as he was free.
过去他一有空就去公园。
注意
used to和 would的用法区别
used to表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态且现在已经结束,只能用于一般过去时,含有较强的“今昔对比”的意味。 would通常表示过去经常反复发生的习惯性动作,不含有对比意味。
I used to study in a nearby primary school
我过去在附近的一所小学上学。
When he was a child, he would often go skiing.
小时候他经常去滑雪。

考点五、$hall的用法
1.shall表示征求对方意见时,主要用于第一、三人称的疑问句中。
What time shall we leave in the morning?
我们早上什么时候离开?
Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow
明天汤姆和我一起去那里吗?
2.用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中表示说话人给对方的许诺命令、警告等。
You shall have it back next week.
你下周一定要把它还回来。
No one shall bring phones in the exam.
考试中任何人不准带手机。
3.用于第三人称作主语的陈述句中表示条约规定等中的义务或责任,意为“应当,应该”。
According to the contract, the work shall be finished on time.
按照合同规定,这项工作应该按时完成。
All payments shall be made in cash.
所有款项都必须用现金支付。

考点六、 should的用法
1.表示义务、责任或劝告等,意为“应该”,可用于各种人称。
You should complete your test on time.
你应该按时完成测试。
We should protect the environment.
我们应该保护环境。
2.表示按照一定的根据进行的推测,常意为“按道理说应该”。
He should be in my house now.
他现在应该在我家里。
Dinner should be ready by now.
现在晚饭应该做好了。
3.表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊情感。
Can you imagine a smart man like him should make such a stupid mistake?
你能想象出像他这样聪明的一个人竟然能犯如此愚蠢的错误吗?
How should I know it?我怎么会知道这件事?

考点七、need的用法
1.need作情态动词时无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,多用于否定句和疑问句中。
There's enough time for you to go to the airport. You needn't hurry up.
你有足够的时间赶去机场,没有必要着急。
I needn't go to school today.我今天不必去上学。
2.由need引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或have to,否定回答常用 needn't.
—Need I answer the question?
我需要回答这个问题吗?
-Yes, you must /Yes,you have to.
是的,你必须回答。/是的,你得回答。
No, you needn't.不,不必了
3.need作实义动词时,主要用于肯定句中,有人称和数的变化,后接带to的不定式。其否定式和疑问式都要借助助动词do.
He needs some money to buy school things
他需要一些钱买学习用品。
You don 't need to do it yourself.
你不必亲自做这件事情。

考点八、 had better的用法
1.had better表示最好……,用来表示劝告或建议,后接动词原形。
You look quite tired. You'd better stop to have a good rest.
你看起来相当累。你最好停下来好好休息一下。
You' d better go to hospital at once.
你最好立即去医院看病
2.其否定形式是将not直接放在 had better 的后面。
You had better not miss the last bus.
你最好不要错过末班车。

考点九、情态动词+have+过去分词
1.“ might+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生行为的推测,把握性较小。意为“想必,也许,可能已经”,否定形式含有“可能不会”之意。
The children might have arrived there by now.
孩子们现在可能已经到达那儿了。
He might not have settled the problem
他可能尚未解决这个问题。
2.“ must+have+过去分词”表示对过去或者已发生行为的肯定推测,只用于肯定句中意为“一定,准是”。
The students are playing on the playground now. They must have finished their homework
学生们正在操场上玩,他们一定是做完作业了。
The street is wet. It must have rained
街道是湿的,一定下雨了。
3.“can/ could+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生行为的怀疑或不肯定只用于否定句和疑问句中。
They can't have finished the work that soon.
他们不可能那么快就做完工作了。
4.“ should+have+过去分词”表示“过去该做而实际上没有做的事,意为“本应该”;其否定形式表示“不应该发生却发生了的行为”,意为“本不该"。
You should have come here earlier.
你本应该早点来的。
You shouldn't have gone to see the film last night. You will take an exam this afternoon.
昨晚你本不该去看电影的,今天下午还要参加考试。
5.“ needn't+have+过去分词”表示“过去本不必做而实际上已经做了的事”。
We needn' t have waited for him.我们本不必等他的。
考点十、虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示说话人的某种愿望、假设怀疑、猜测和建议等,常用于纯属假设或实现的可能性不大的情况。
情况
if从句
主句
与现在事实相反
动词过去式(be动词用were)
would/could/should/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反
had+过去分词
would/could/should/might+have done
与将来事实相反
动词过去式should+动词原形; were to+动词原形
would/could/should/might+动词原形

1.表示与现在事实相反,if从句用一般过去时,主句用 would/could/ should/ might+动词原形。
What would you do if you had a million dollars?
如果你有100万美元,你会做什么?
2.表示与过去事实相反,从句用had+过去分词,主句用would/could/ should/ might+have+过去分词。
If it had been fine yesterday, we could have watched that air show.如果昨天天气好的话,我们可能就去看那个航空展览了。
3表示与将来事实相反,从句用一般过去时、“ were to+动词原形”或“ should+动词原形”,主句用woud/ could/should/ might+动词原形。
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.
如果明天下雪,他们就不出去了。
【方法技巧】
1. —Must I finish my homework right now?
—No, you .
A. needn’t B. may not C. mustn' t D.can’t
解题技巧:A句意:“我必须现在完成我的家庭作业吗?”“不,你不必。”以must提问的一般疑问句,若表示“没有必要”时,用needn't或don' t have to回答;若表示“不可能”时,用can’t回答。由本题句意可知选A项。mstn’t意为“禁止,不许”。
命题规律:解答有关情态动词的题目时,首先要对勺意进行正确理解,其次要牢记各个情态动词所表达的具体含义及其特殊用法。本题对以must开头的一般疑问句的回答不是直接在must后面加not,而是要根据具体的句意来选择用needn't还是can't进行考查。
2.—Who's that man? Is it Mr Brown?
—That be mr Brown. He never walks that way.
A.can’t B. mustn' t C.must D. can
解题技巧:A句意:“那个人是谁?是布朗先生吗?”“不可能是布朗先生。他从不那样走路。”can't意为“不可能”,是对现有情况有根据的否定推测,由“ He never walks that way”可知,本题选A项。
命题规律:can可以表达两方面含义,一是侧重能力的“可以;能够”;一是表示推测的“可能”;其对应的否定回答是can't“不能;不可能”,是对现有情况的有根据的否定推测,而mustn't意为“禁止,不许”,不能用来表示推测。中考英语常将can't与must't混合一起进行考查,考生要注意区分两者之间的差别。
专项训练
1. —Must I water the flowers now, mum?
       —No, you       . You        do it later.
A. mustn’t; must    B. mustn’t; may    C. needn’t; may    D. needn’t; must
 2.— _____ I know by what time you want the project to be done?
—By the day after tomorrow. _______ you finish it on time?
A. May; Can    B. Must; Need    C. Could; Must      D. Need; Would
 3. —Who’s singing in the garden?
      —It ______ be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time.
     A. must              B. can’t              C. need
 4.I ______ follow you. Would you please repeat it?
A. can’t         B. mustn’t       C. needn’t        D. shouldn’t
 5. —Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith?
        —No, you _______.
        A. can’t         B. shouldn’t     C. wouldn’t       D. needn’t
 6. —Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer?
       —Sorry. You ________ return it today.
        A. must      B. mustn’t       C. can         D. can’t
 7.—Is the man over there Mr. Brown?
     —It ______ him. He has gone to  Brazil to watch the 2014 FIFA World Cup.
        A. may not       B. can’t be         C. shouldn’t       D. mustn’t
 8.Children _______ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous.
A. need       B. needn’t       C. must       D. mustn’t
 9. —I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours?
       —Yes, you ______.
A. can           B. must           C. could       D. should
 10.The man is feeling much better now, so you ______ call a doctor.
A. needn’t        B. can’t        C. mustn’t      D.  shouldn’t
 11.If you _____ smoke, please go outside .
       A. can       B. may           C. must         D. might
 12.After you read the article “Why fast food is slowly killing you”, you _____ stop
eating fast food.
A. can          B. may          C. have to       D. should
 13.Look at the “No parking” sign. You _____park your car here.
A. should        B. must                C. needn’t       D. mustn’t
 14.We ______ pay to get into the concert. It's free.
A. can’t         B. mustn’t      C. might not     D. don’t have to
 15.—May I take this magazine out of the reading room?
—No, you _______. You read it in here.
A. mightn’t       B. won’t      C. needn’t       D. mustn’t
 16.—_______ you leave now? You only arrived here an hour ago.
—Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.
A. May          B. Must      C. Can          D. Might
 17.—Must I go to law school and be a lawyer like you, dad?
       —No, you _______, son. You’re free to make your own decision.
          A. can’t       B. mustn’t       C. shouldn’t       D. needn’t
 18.Here is my phone number. You _______ call me anytime you like.
         A. must       B. can          C. should         D. need
 19.—Let’s go climbing, shall we?
      —You _______ be joking! Don’t you know I’m afraid of high places?
         A. may           B. can       C. must          D. should
 20.—Are you interested in shopping online?
       —Not so much. We _______ see real products but pictures.
       A. shouldn’t       B. can’t        C. mustn’t        D. needn’t
 21.—Could you please have a walk with me?
      —Sorry, I _______. I have something important to do now.xkb1.com
        A. mustn’t        B. needn’t       C. can’t          D. may not
 22.—Bob, where is Linda?
       —She _______ be in the library, but I am not sure.
       A. must          B. may         C. need          D. has to
 23.—Must we take out the trash now?
      —_______. You can do it after class.
      A. Yes, you must     B. No, you can’t  
C. Yes, you may      D. No, you needn’t
 24.—Lingling, can I use your e-dictionary?
      —Sure. But you _______ return it after class.
        A. must          B. can           C. may        D. would
 25.—Look, someone left a book.
  —Oh, yeah… This book _______ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of books.
        A. can            B. must         C. may         D. might
 26.—Is the long-haired man Bruce?
     —No, it _______ be him. He’s in New York now.
        A. can’t           B. mustn’t      C. needn’t         D. may not
 27.People _______ wait until the traffic becomes green. That’s the traffic rule.
       A. must           B. can         C. need           D. may
28. -Is Lucy knocking at the door?
-No. It ________ be Lucy. She is in Japan now.
A. needn't       B. must           C. can't
29.We hope that as many people as possible ________ join us for the charity show tomorrow.
A. need         B. can            C. must             D. should
30. -Let's go to the concert tonight, Michael!
-Sorry, I _______. I have to help my mother with the housework
A. mustn't       B. may not        C. needn't           D. can't
 31. -Our class won the English speaking contest.
-Congratulations! You _______ be very proud of it.
A. can          B. need           C. would           D. must
32.If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It's very dangerous.
A. don't         B. mustn't        C. needn't          D. wouldn't
33.-The sports shoes must be Linda's.
-No, they ________ be. They're too small for her.
A. mustn't        B. can't          C. may not          D. might not
 34.-I have spent too much time playing computer games these days.
-I think so. You _____ stop, for your study and your health.
A. will           B. must          C. can              D. may
35.We ________ fight against pollution.
A. may           B. should         C. mustn't           D. needn't
36.We _______ careful when we are walking across the road. There are too many vehicles now.
A. can be          B. may be        C. must be
37.-Is Mr. Brown driving here?
-I'm not sure. He _______ come by train.
A. may            B. shall          C. need             D. must
38. -_________ you speak Japanese?
-No, I can't.
A. Can            B. Must          C. May             D. Should
39. -Dad, must I finish my homework today?
-No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow.
A. needn't         B. mustn't        C. don't             D. won't
40.Thomas, please be quiet. The others _______ hear very well.
A. can't           B. mustn't        C. shouldn't         D. needn't
41. -You mean this CD ________ belong to Victor?
-Yes, it has his name on it.
A. must           B. may          C. might            D. can
42.-I can't give up smoking, doctor.
-For your health, I'm afraid you ________.
A. may            B. can           C. have to           D. must
43.-Another cup of coffee?
-No, thanks. I _____ be off. Mary is waiting for me.
A. can           B. may            C. must            D. might
44. -I'm a little tired. Let's go to the zoo by taxi.
-We          take a taxi. It's not far from here.
A. can't                B. mustn't           C. couldn't                D. needn't
45. -Let's go to the West Hill Park by taxi.
-Oh, it is not far away from here. We _______take a taxi.
A. couldn't        B. mustn't         C. needn't          D. can't
46.-Must I finish watering the flowers now?
-No, you________.
A. must          B. won't           C. needn't          D. can't
47. -Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.
-It ______ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.
A. must          B. might           C. can't            D. shouldn't
48.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _______ be rather cold sometimes.
A. must          B. can             C. should           D. would
49. -Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall?
-No, it        be him. He has gone to Japan.
A. needn't          B. may not               C. mustn't               D. can't
50. -Can you play the piano?
-Yes, I _______. I often practice it on weekends.
A. needn't       B. need            C. can't             D. can
参考答案
 1.【答案】C 2.【答案】A 3.【答案】A 4.【答案】A 5.【答案】D
6.【答案】A 7.【答案】B 8.【答案】D 9. 【答案】A 10.【答案】A
11.【答案】C 12.【答案】B 13.【答案】D 14.【答案】D 15.【答案】D
 16.【答案】B 17.【答案】 D 18.【答案】B 19.【答案】C 20.【答案】B
21.【答案】C 22.【答案】B 23.【答案】D 24.【答案】A 25.【答案】B
26.【答案】A 27.【答案】A
28.【解析】选C。考查情态动词can't表示推测的用法。can't表示否定的推测；must表示肯定的推测。由题意"不可能是露西，她现在在日本"可知应选C。
29.【解析】选B。考查情态动词can的用法。as many people as possible can意为"尽可能多的人"。
30.【解析】选D。考查情态动词can't的用法。由答语"我必须帮助我的母亲做家务"知"我不能去参加音乐会"，故选D。
31.【解析】选D
32.【解析】选B。考查情态动词mustn't的用法。mustn't意为"一定不能"，由"很危险"可知用mustn't，故选B。
33.【解析】选B
34.【解析】选B。考查情态动词的must的用法。结合题中的关键信息"for your study and your health"可排除A、C、D三项，故正确答案为B。
35.【解析】选B。考查情态动词should的用法。由常识可知"我们应该与污染作斗争"，故选B。
36.【解析】选C
37.【解析】选A
38.【解析】选A
39.【解析】选A。对于以情态动词must提问的疑问句，否定回答要用"No, 主语+needn't"，故由问句中的must和答句中的No可选A。
40.【解析】选A
41.【解析】选B
42.【解析】选C。考查情态动词have to的用法。may意为"可能、或许"，can意为"能、会"，have to意为"必须、不得不"，表客观要求，而must 表主观愿望。根据题意"为了健康，你必须戒烟"可选C。
43.【解析】选C。考查情态动词must的用法。结合关键信息"Mary is waiting for me."可知题意为"我必须离开了"，故排除A、B、D三项，选C。
44.【解析】选D。四个选项都是情态动词的否定式，结合关键信息"It's not far from here."可知"我们不必乘出租车"，故排除A、B、C三项，选D。
45.【解析】选C
46.【解析】选C。考查对must开头的一般疑问句的回答。以must开头的一般疑问句，作否定回答时用情态动词needn't，故正确答案为C。
47.【解析】选A。考查情态动词must表示肯定的推测。结合关键信息"I never even dream about it."可知题意为"它肯定是非常贵的"，故排除B、C、D三项，选A。
48.【解析】选B
49.【解析】选D。本题考查can't表示否定的推测。四个选项都是情态动词的否定形式，分别意为"不能；不可能"、"千万不能"、"应该"、"可以；可能"。结合关键信息"He has gone to Japan."可知"他不可能是约翰教授"应选D。
50.【解析】选D。以can 引导的一般疑问句再作肯定回答时还是用can。