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云南省卷三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读单选&阅读判断&阅读还原
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这是一份云南省卷三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读单选&阅读判断&阅读还原，共19页。试卷主要包含了D．10等内容，欢迎下载使用。
云南省卷三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
03阅读单选&阅读判断&阅读还原
一、 阅读单选
（2022·云南）We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).
1． When did the erhu become a popular instrument?
A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty.
C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In recent years.
2． To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.
A．play the most famous erhu pieces B．listen to different kinds of folk music
C．get help from ancient paintings D．read some books about ethnic minorities
3． Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.
4． You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.
A．culture B．business C．health D．nature
5． The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the forms of folk music B．the history of the erhu
C．the rise of different dynasties D．the development of Chinese instruments
（2022·云南）Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from?
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
6． What is the Wukong satellite used for?
A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B．Finding the difference between good and evil.
C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
7． The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记
8． The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________.
A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel
C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West
9． Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously?
A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth.
C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space.
10． Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star
C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey
（2021·云南）There was a young man who was in trouble. He went bankrupt (破产) and his wife went away from him. From then on, failure was all that he had seen. Struggling (斗争) with this, he went into the forest alone. There, he met an old man who had lived there for a long time. He shared his story with the old man and asked “Can you give me one good reason not to give up?”
“Look,” the old man said, “Do you see that fern (蕨类植物) and bamboo there?”
“Yes.” the man answered.
“When I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern quickly grew from the land,” the old man went on.
“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land. Within six months, the tree grew a hundred feet tall.”
“The little bamboo tree had been growing underground in the past four years, developing a root strong enough for its ground growth (生长) in the fifth year. If it hadn’t done this, it would not be so strong. So you know, all the time you were struggling, you were actually growing strong roots.” the old man said. Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.
11． What happened to the young man?
A．He was seriously ill. B．He was badly hurt.
C．He went bankrupt and his wife left him. D．He went to a bank with his wife.
12． The difference between the fern and the bamboo mentioned in the passage is their ________ .
A．weight B．growth C．looks D．colors
13． The underlined word “sprout” in Paragraph 5 means “________” in Chinese.
A．发芽 B．开花 C．枯萎 D．结果
14． The young man felt ________ after hearing what the old man said to him.
A．sad B．disappointed C．hopeful D．nervous
15． Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Practice makes perfect B．The early bird catches the worm
C．Learn to share with others D．Never lose hope when in trouble
（2021·云南）When you and your family go out for dinner, do you notice how many dishes you usually order? It’s OK if you finish all of them. But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.
Last year, China’s top legislature (立法机关) reviewed (审议) a draft law (法律草案) for stopping food waste for the first time. In general, a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews it three times.
According to the draft law, restaurants should tell customers not to order too much. If customers leave too much food uneaten, restaurants can charge (收费) them for food waste. The law also bans (禁止) waiters from encouraging people to order too much food. Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes, which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way.
The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste. It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking. Producers of such programs will face a fine of up to 100,000 yuan.
Food waste happens in many places and has long been a big problem around the world. We need to obey the law and refuse to waste food.
16． If customers waste too much food, they ________ .
A．need to pay some money for it B．need to say sorry about it
C．can’t enter the restaurant again D．can leave the restaurant for free
17． According to the “N-1” mode, if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant, they need to order ________ dishes.
A．7 B．8 C．9. D．10
18． Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Students should avoid food waste at school.
B．Programs about overeating will be allowed on TV.
C．Food waste has been a big problem all over the world.
D．Waiters can’t encourage people to order too much food.
19． You may read the passage in ________ .
A．a storybook B．a guidebook C．an advertisement D．a newspaper
20． What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Harm of food waste. B．Importance of healthy food.
C．Law to stop food waste. D．Advantages of stopping food waste.
（2020·云南）Yesterday I went to buy a little tree for my father. When I was talking with the cashier(收银员), he asked what I would be doing with this little tree. I explained that it was for my Dad, because he no longer lived at home.
The cashier just stopped and looked at me with the kindest look. He shared with me that his grandfather couldn’t live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症). So I shared with him that my Dad was on the same journey. We talked about the difficulties because of the illness, not only for those who are ill, but also for their families.
When I was paying for the tree, he said, “Because this is for your Dad, let me see what I can do for you.” He took some coupons(优惠券) from a drawer and reduced my cost by over 60%.
I thanked him for his kindness. We wished each other Merry Christmas and the best hopes for our loved family members.
On the way home I kept thinking of the kindness he offered me. It was truly a moment of “kindness given, kindness received”. I made Dad’s tree more beautiful as soon as I got home. So thankful. So blessed.
21． What’s wrong with the writer’s father?
A．He had a bad cold. B．He had a backache.
C．He had Alzheimer’s disease. D．He had a heart problem.
22． When did the story probably happen?
A．Before Christmas. B．After Christmas.
C．On the writer’s father’s birthday. D．On the cashier’s grandfather’s birthday.
23． The writer felt ________ when the cashier offered him his kindness.
A．relaxed B．angry C．nervous D．thankful
24． The underlined word “reduced” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．增加 B．减少 C．支付 D．给予
25． What is the best title for the passage?
A．My Great Dad B．A Christmas Gift for Dad
C．Sharing Is Important D．Face Difficulties Bravely
（2020·云南）It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health.
First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain（劳损）, headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect（影响） how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours.
26． The blue light from your screens can cause ________.
A．eyestrain B．headaches C．dry eyes D．all of the above
27． According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________.
A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter
C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64
28． Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes.
B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth.
C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited.
D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics.
29． You may read the passage in ________.
A．a science magazine B．a travel diary C．a guide book D．a novel
30． What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much.
C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens.
二、 阅读判断
（2022·云南）根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T”，错误“F”）。
Every Saturday, Wang Fokun travels 40 minutes to “watch” a movie with his friends. He became blind in his early 50s. However, he can still enjoy movies in a “talking movie” club-Xin Deng Theater. The club is in Kunming, Yunnan. A group of volunteers there describe movies to blind people.
“I listened to a movie for the first time in the summer of 2019, and it was amazing. The volunteers did a great job.” said Wang.
Describing movies to blind people can be challenging (有挑战性的). The volunteers must watch a movie three or four times to know everything in the movie. This way, they can describe the movie very clearly.
Zhou Quan started the club in 2017. “Movies are for everybody,” said Zhou. “Xin Deng Theater hopes to share movies with blind people and help to light up their lives.” Thanks to the special club, many blind people go out of their homes and their lives are more interesting.
Now many blind people come to Xin Deng Theater to “watch” movies every week. “They can enjoy the movies here. I’m so glad that I bring enjoyment to them.” said Zhou.
“It’s meaningful for us to spend our free time volunteering.” said one volunteer.
31． Wang Fokun goes to Xin Deng Theater three or four times a week.
32． The volunteers in the club describe movies to blind people.
33． Xin Deng Theater was set up in 2019.
34． Both blind people and the volunteers enjoy spending time in the club.
35． The passage mainly talks about a movie.
（2021·云南）根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T”，错误“F”），并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
I am an Inuit boy named Kayla. Inuit are the people who live in cold Arctic (北极的) lands. In my language, Inuit means “the people”. Some people used to call my people Eskimos. We wish to be called Inuit.
I live with my mother, father and two brothers. We live at the most northern part of the world. It is made up of the Arctic Ocean and the land all around it. For months the sea is covered with thick ice. The land is covered with snow and ice most of the year, too.
Winter is long and very cold. It lasts from October to March. It is dark twenty-four hours a day. The sun does not come up to warm the water and land. When the north winds blow, it is even colder. There are days when the temperature is 50°F below zero. My family is prepared. We wear watertight (防水鞋). We put on many layers (层) of clothes. Outside we always wear a thick warm jacket that has fur inside. I’m not afraid of the cold winters. I guess I’m just used to them.
My family and I look forward to each summer. So much happens in a short time. The temperature usually stays around 50°F. During the summer the sun shines all day and night. This is why the Arctic is called the “land of the midnight sun”.
36． Kayla is a boy who lives in cold Arctic lands, the most northern part of the world.
37． There are four people in Kayla’s family.
38． In Kayla’s hometown, winter lasts from October to March without sunshine.
39． Kayla is afraid of the cold winters when the temperature is 50°F below zero.
40． The passage mainly tells us something about Kayla’s family life.
（2020·云南）In China, there are 24 solar terms（节气）in a year. And there are six of them in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice（冬至）, lesser cold(小寒）and greater cold.
Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. After beginning of winter, most parts of the country can start to expect cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.
Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather yet. People often start counting “nine cold periods” starting from winter solstice. Every cold period has nine days. People believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.
Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start.
41． From the passage, we know that there are six solar terms in winter.
42． People in northern China usually have dumplings and mutton soup on beginning of winter.
43． Heavy snow comes before light snow.
44． All Chinese are ready to celebrate the Spring Festival after greater cold.
45． The passage tells us how people celebrate the Spring Festival.
三、 阅读还原7选5
（2022·云南）Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don’t worry. ____46____
Find the common interests between you and your parents. For example, if you and your dad both like playing basketball, you can watch one game together and talk about it. ____47____
Try to start a dinnertime talk with your parents. Ask your parents about their day, and they will open up to you easily. Don’t forget that you have to open up to them, too. ____48____ Besides, it’s also a good idea to share something about the latest movies. Soon all of you will have a good conversation.
____49____ Eye contact (交流) is necessary. Don’t be bored, or they will probably stop talking and walk away. ____50____ If you listen patiently, they’ll be interested in talking to you. As a result, there will be a warm conversation between you and your parents.
In a word, it’s easy to get along well with your parents if you see them as your friends.
A．Let them know you’re listening.
B．Tell them what happened at school.
C．It’s important to have a healthy diet.
D．Look at your parents when you talk.
E．Get some training at a parents’ school.
F．You can find the conversation will come easily.
G．Here is some advice about how to talk to your parents.
（2021·云南）People didn’t pay much attention to their health in the past, but now more and more people try to make sure that they are healthy. ___51___
Do exercise every day. There are many ways to do exercise in daily life. ___52___ Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house is helpful. Other people think that doing exercise such as running or playing ball games is good.
Eat healthy food. It is good for your health to eat healthy food. You should eat more vegetables and fruits but less junk food every day. __53___
___54 __ Today many people have stress (压力) in their life, but we should try to relax ourselves. In fact, you can never keep yourself away from stress in life. ___55___ So you need to know the reason for the stress and find ways to feel better. Thinking about things in an active way can also reduce stress. Try to live for now, and don’t worry about the future.
A．Pick up a hobby.
B．It is always with you.
C．Learn to relax yourself.
D．It’s bad for your health to sit for a long time.
E．Now let me tell you some ways to keep healthy.
F．People have different ideas about ways to exercise.
G．Healthy food plays an important role in a strong body.
（2020·云南）根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
Our earth is in trouble. Our drinking water is becoming dirtier, and the air is not as clean as before. People and factories are polluting the air, rivers, lakes and seas. You may think there is nothing you can do to help. That’s not true. ____56____
Cars burn oil. ____57____ Some people believe that too much CO2 is making the earth warmer than ever. ____58____ This can save some oil and produce less CO2.
____59____ So turn off the air conditioner(空调) when you don’t need to use it. Use lights that save energy. Use fewer things that cannot be used again. When you buy something, consider those made from things that can be used again first.
A lot of water is needed for a shower. So take shorter showers. ____60____
Every small action can make a big difference to our earth. Let’s take action to protect it.
A．This can cut the use of water.
B．Air pollution is very serious.
C．This will make a lot of CO2 into the air.
D．So try to walk, ride a bike or take a bus.
E．Nobody can play a role in protecting the earth.
F．There are many things you can do to save the earth.
G．The biggest energy use at home is for keeping warm or cool.
参考答案：
1． B
2． C
3． D
4． A
5． B
【导语】本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展。
1． 细节理解题。根据“In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument”可知，到了宋朝，它成为一种相当流行的乐器，故选B。
2． 细节理解题。根据“To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings”可知，为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学家通常会研究古代绘画，故选C。
3． 推理判断题。根据“t present, it is used in both traditional and modern music”可知，二胡现在在传统音乐和现代音乐中都有使用，D表述正确，故选D。
4． 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，属于文化类，故选A。
5． 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，故选B。
6． C
7． B
8． A
9． D
10． A
【导语】本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
6． 细节理解题。根据“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space”可知，它用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的暗物质，故选C。
7． 词义猜测题。根据“In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di”可知，天帝是中国的神话传说，所以myths表示“神话”，故选B。
8． 细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天问》，故选A。
9． 细节理解题。根据“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously”可知，中国人民有着长久以来的太空梦。 因此，中国太空计划的命名受到了非常认真的对待，故选D。
10． 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。
11． C
12． B
13． A
14． C
15． D
【分析】文章讲述了一个男人破产了，妻子也离开了他，在他绝望的时候，他走进一片森林，看到了一个老人，通过一个老人给他讲了蕨类植物和竹子的生长的故事，告诉他不应该放弃，应该继续努力并坚持下去。
11． 细节理解题。根据“He went bankrupt (破产) and his wife went away from him.”可知，他破产了，妻子也离开了他，故选C。
12． 细节理解题。根据“When I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern quickly grew from the land”以及“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land.”可知，竹子和蕨类植物的生长不一样，故选B。
13． 词义猜测题。根据“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land.”可知，竹子种子一直没有……直到第五年的时候，一个小 ……从土里钻出来了，所以此处的“sprout”指的是“发芽”，故选A。
14． 细节理解题。根据“Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.”可知，年轻人听了老人的话，对生活充满了希望，故选C。
15． 最佳标题题。根据“Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是通过老人给男子讲的故事，告诉我们：遇到困难时千万不要失去希望，要坚持下去，故选D。
16． A
17． B
18． B
19． D
20． C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律。
16． 细节理解题。根据“But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.”可知，但是如果你浪费了太多的食物，你需要为它买单。故选A。
17． 推理判断题。根据“Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes”可知，一些餐厅可能会使用“N-1”模式让人们点餐，“N”代表一桌的人数，所以如果你的桌子上有6个人，你应该只点5道菜。所以9个人吃饭点8道菜，故选B。
18． 推理判断题。根据“It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.”可知，禁止播放有关暴饮暴食的电视节目。故选B。
19． 推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，所以最有可能在报纸上看到。故选D。
20． 主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，故选C。
21． C
22． A
23． D
24． B
25． B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为父亲买圣诞礼物时发生的事。
21． 题意：作者的父亲怎么了？
推理判断题。根据原文He shared with me that his grandfather couldn’t live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症). So I shared with him that my Dad was on the same journey可推断，作者的父亲与收银员的祖父得了同样的病，即阿尔茨海默症。C选项He had Alzheimer’s disease“他得了阿尔茨海默症”符合题意，故选C。
22． 题意：这个故事可能发生在什么时候？
推理判断题。根据原文We wished each other Merry Christmas and the best hopes for our loved family members可知，作者和收银员互祝圣诞快乐，由此可推断这个故事发生在圣诞节前。A选项Before Christmas“圣诞节前”符合题意，故选A。
23． 题意：当收银员给了作者好意的帮助后，作者感到________。
细节理解题。根据原文I thanked him for his kindness可知，作者很感激收银员的好意。D选项thankful“感激的”符合题意，故选D。
24． 题意：第3段中画线单词“reduced”的中文意思是________。
词句猜测题。根据原文He took some coupons(优惠券) from a drawer可知，优惠券是用来减少付款金额的。故此处“reduced”有“减少”之意。故选B。
25． 题意：本文的最佳标题是什么？
最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为父亲买圣诞礼物时发生的事。B选项A Christmas Gift for Dad“给父亲的圣诞节礼物”符合题意，故选B。
26． D
27． C
28． D
29． A
30． B
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的三点危害。
26． 细节理解题。根据第二段“Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain, headaches and dry eyes”可知长时间看手机会引起眼劳损、头痛和干眼症。故选D。
27． 细节理解题。根据第四段“using screens too much will affect your sleep”可知睡觉之前看屏幕太多会影响睡眠。故选C。
28． 推理判断题。根据“it is bad for your eyes”可知A选项表述正确；根据“screen use can do harm to children’s brains”可知B选项表述正确；根据“the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed”可知C选项表述正确。根据“it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens”可知D选项“People of all ages”表述错误。故选D。
29． 推理判断题。a science magazine一本科学杂志；a travel diary一个旅行日记；a guide book一本指南；a novel一本小说。文章主要讲述使用手机时间过长对人的危害，可知文章来自科学杂志。故选A。
30． 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的危害，可概括为The harm of using screens too much。故选B。
31． F
32． T
33． F
34． T
35． F
【导语】本文主要介绍了云南的一个专门向盲人描述电影的俱乐部。
31． 细节理解题。根据“Every Saturday, Wang Fokun travels 40 minutes to “watch” a movie with his friends”可知，他一周去一次，此句表述错误，故填F。
32． 细节理解题。根据“A group of volunteers there describe movies to blind people”可知，那里的一群志愿者向盲人描述电影，此句表述正确，故填T。
33． 细节理解题。根据“Zhou Quan started the club in 2017”可知，这个俱乐部是在2017年创办的，此句表述错误，故填F。
34． 细节理解题。根据“They can enjoy the movies here. I’m so glad that I bring enjoyment to them”及“It’s meaningful for us to spend our free time volunteering”可知，盲人和志愿者都愿意待在俱乐部，此句表述正确，故填T。
35． 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了云南的一个专门向盲人描述电影的俱乐部，此句表述错误，故填F。
36． T
37． F
38． T
39． F
40． F
【分析】作者在文中介绍了因纽特人在北极的生活。
36． 细节理解题。根据“I am an Inuit boy named Kayla. Inuit are the people who live in cold Arctic lands. ... We live at the most northern part of the world.”可知Kayla是一个生活在世界最北部寒冷的北极地区的男孩。题干中陈述正确。故填T。
37． 细节理解题。根据“I live with my mother, father and two brothers.”可知Kayla家一共5口人。题干中陈述错误。故填F。
38． 细节理解题。根据“Winter is long and very cold. It lasts from October to March. It is dark twenty-four hours a day. The sun does not come up to warm the water and land.”可知Kayla家乡的冬天从十月持续到三月，没有阳光。题干中陈述正确。故填T。
39． 细节理解题。根据“ There are days when the temperature is 50°F below zero. ... I’m not afraid of the cold winters.”可知Kayla不害怕零下50°F的寒冷冬天。题干中陈述错误。故填F。
40． 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了因纽特人在北极的生活，并不是介绍Kayla的家庭生活的。题干中陈述错误。故填F。
41． T
42． T
43． F
44． T
45． F
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍冬季的六个节气。
41． 题意：从文中得出，冬天有六个节气。
根据第一段“there are 24 solar terms in a year. And there are six of them in winter.”可知有六个节气在冬季。句子表述正确。故答案为T。
42． 题意:中国南方的人通常在冬天开始的时候吃饺子和羊肉汤。
根据第二段“People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day”可知人们通常在冬季开始的时候吃饺子和羊肉汤，句子表述正确。故答案为T。
43． 题意：大雪在小雪之前。
根据第三段“Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th”可知小雪在大雪之前，句子表述错误。故答案为F。
44． 题意：所有的中国人都准备好在大寒之后庆祝春节。
根据第四段“Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it”可知大寒之后人们准备庆祝春节，句子表述准确。故答案为T。
45． 题意：这篇文章主要讲述人们怎样庆祝春节。
这篇文章主要讲述的是冬季的节气，句子表述错误，故答案为F。
46． G
47． F
48． B
49． D
50． A
【导语】本文就如何和父母良好地沟通提出了一些建议。
46． 根据“Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don’t worry”及下文内容的介绍可知，此处有一些帮助你如何和父母沟通的建议，G选项“这里有一些关于如何与父母交谈的建议”符合，故选G。
47． 根据“Find the common interests between you and your parents”可知，寻找和父母之间的共同兴趣，让对话变得更容易，F选项“你会发现对话来得很容易”符合，故选F。
48． 根据“Don’t forget that you have to open up to them, too”可知，也要跟他们谈一谈自己发生的事情，B选项“告诉他们学校发生的事”符合，故选B。
49． 根据“Eye contact (交流) is necessary. Don’t be bored, or they will probably stop talking and walk away. ”可知，此处说的是注意眼神交流，D选项“说话的时候看着你的父母”符合，故选D。
50． 根据“If you listen patiently, they’ll be interested in talking to you”可知，此处介绍聆听的重要性，A选项“让他们知道你在倾听”符合，故选A。
51． E
52． F
53． G
54． C
55． B
【分析】文中主要介绍了一些保持健康的方法。
51． 下文三段中都在讲保持健康的方法，此处是总结句。E项“现在让我告诉你一些保持健康的方法。”符合语境。故选E。
52． 根据“ Some people think ... Other people think ...”可知人们的想法不一样。F项“人们对锻炼的方式有不同的想法。”符合语境。故选F。
53． 根据“Eat healthy food.”可知此段讲吃健康的食物相关的内容。G项“健康的食物在强壮的身体中起着重要的作用。”符合语境。故选G。
54． 根据“but we should try to relax ourselves”及整段内容可知这一段讲放松自己。C项“学会放松自己。”符合语境。故选C。
55． 根据“In fact, you can never keep yourself away from stress in life.”可知永远逃离不了生活中的压力。B项“它总是与你同在。”符合语境。故选B。
56． F
57． C
58． D
59． G
60． A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些保护环境的方法。
56． 根据上文You may think there is nothing you can do to help. That’s not true可知，作者不认为普通人无法参与环保，相反每个人都可以做一些小事来保护环境。F选项There are many things you can do to save the earth“你可以做很多事情来拯救地球”符合语境，故选F。
57． 结合前后文Cars burn oil和Some people believe that too much CO2is making the earth warmer than ever可知，此处说的与汽车排放二氧化碳有关。C选项This will make a lot of CO2into the air“这会造成许多二氧化碳排入空气中”符合语境，故选C。
58． 根据下文This can save some oil and produce less CO2可知，此处应该是建议采用低碳的出行方式。D选项So try to walk, ride a bike or take a bus“所以试着走路、骑自行车或乘公共汽车”符合语境，故选D。
59． 根据下文So turn off the air conditioner(空调) when you don’t need to use it可知，此处应该与使用能源有关。G选项The biggest energy use at home is for keeping warm or cool“家里最大的能源消耗是用来保暖或降温的”符合语境，故选G。
60． 根据上文A lot of water is needed for a shower. So take shorter showers可知，此处应该与节约用水有关。A选项This can cut the use of water“这样可以减少用水”符合语境，故选A。
云南省卷三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
03阅读单选&阅读判断&阅读还原
一、 阅读单选
（2022·云南）We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).
1． When did the erhu become a popular instrument?
A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty.
C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In recent years.
2． To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.
A．play the most famous erhu pieces B．listen to different kinds of folk music
C．get help from ancient paintings D．read some books about ethnic minorities
3． Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.
4． You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.
A．culture B．business C．health D．nature
5． The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the forms of folk music B．the history of the erhu
C．the rise of different dynasties D．the development of Chinese instruments
（2022·云南）Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from?
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
6． What is the Wukong satellite used for?
A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B．Finding the difference between good and evil.
C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
7． The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记
8． The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________.
A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel
C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West
9． Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously?
A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth.
C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space.
10． Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star
C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey
（2021·云南）There was a young man who was in trouble. He went bankrupt (破产) and his wife went away from him. From then on, failure was all that he had seen. Struggling (斗争) with this, he went into the forest alone. There, he met an old man who had lived there for a long time. He shared his story with the old man and asked “Can you give me one good reason not to give up?”
“Look,” the old man said, “Do you see that fern (蕨类植物) and bamboo there?”
“Yes.” the man answered.
“When I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern quickly grew from the land,” the old man went on.
“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land. Within six months, the tree grew a hundred feet tall.”
“The little bamboo tree had been growing underground in the past four years, developing a root strong enough for its ground growth (生长) in the fifth year. If it hadn’t done this, it would not be so strong. So you know, all the time you were struggling, you were actually growing strong roots.” the old man said. Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.
11． What happened to the young man?
A．He was seriously ill. B．He was badly hurt.
C．He went bankrupt and his wife left him. D．He went to a bank with his wife.
12． The difference between the fern and the bamboo mentioned in the passage is their ________ .
A．weight B．growth C．looks D．colors
13． The underlined word “sprout” in Paragraph 5 means “________” in Chinese.
A．发芽 B．开花 C．枯萎 D．结果
14． The young man felt ________ after hearing what the old man said to him.
A．sad B．disappointed C．hopeful D．nervous
15． Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Practice makes perfect B．The early bird catches the worm
C．Learn to share with others D．Never lose hope when in trouble
（2021·云南）When you and your family go out for dinner, do you notice how many dishes you usually order? It’s OK if you finish all of them. But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.
Last year, China’s top legislature (立法机关) reviewed (审议) a draft law (法律草案) for stopping food waste for the first time. In general, a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews it three times.
According to the draft law, restaurants should tell customers not to order too much. If customers leave too much food uneaten, restaurants can charge (收费) them for food waste. The law also bans (禁止) waiters from encouraging people to order too much food. Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes, which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way.
The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste. It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking. Producers of such programs will face a fine of up to 100,000 yuan.
Food waste happens in many places and has long been a big problem around the world. We need to obey the law and refuse to waste food.
16． If customers waste too much food, they ________ .
A．need to pay some money for it B．need to say sorry about it
C．can’t enter the restaurant again D．can leave the restaurant for free
17． According to the “N-1” mode, if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant, they need to order ________ dishes.
A．7 B．8 C．9. D．10
18． Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Students should avoid food waste at school.
B．Programs about overeating will be allowed on TV.
C．Food waste has been a big problem all over the world.
D．Waiters can’t encourage people to order too much food.
19． You may read the passage in ________ .
A．a storybook B．a guidebook C．an advertisement D．a newspaper
20． What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Harm of food waste. B．Importance of healthy food.
C．Law to stop food waste. D．Advantages of stopping food waste.
（2020·云南）Yesterday I went to buy a little tree for my father. When I was talking with the cashier(收银员), he asked what I would be doing with this little tree. I explained that it was for my Dad, because he no longer lived at home.
The cashier just stopped and looked at me with the kindest look. He shared with me that his grandfather couldn’t live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症). So I shared with him that my Dad was on the same journey. We talked about the difficulties because of the illness, not only for those who are ill, but also for their families.
When I was paying for the tree, he said, “Because this is for your Dad, let me see what I can do for you.” He took some coupons(优惠券) from a drawer and reduced my cost by over 60%.
I thanked him for his kindness. We wished each other Merry Christmas and the best hopes for our loved family members.
On the way home I kept thinking of the kindness he offered me. It was truly a moment of “kindness given, kindness received”. I made Dad’s tree more beautiful as soon as I got home. So thankful. So blessed.
21． What’s wrong with the writer’s father?
A．He had a bad cold. B．He had a backache.
C．He had Alzheimer’s disease. D．He had a heart problem.
22． When did the story probably happen?
A．Before Christmas. B．After Christmas.
C．On the writer’s father’s birthday. D．On the cashier’s grandfather’s birthday.
23． The writer felt ________ when the cashier offered him his kindness.
A．relaxed B．angry C．nervous D．thankful
24． The underlined word “reduced” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．增加 B．减少 C．支付 D．给予
25． What is the best title for the passage?
A．My Great Dad B．A Christmas Gift for Dad
C．Sharing Is Important D．Face Difficulties Bravely
（2020·云南）It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health.
First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain（劳损）, headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect（影响） how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours.
26． The blue light from your screens can cause ________.
A．eyestrain B．headaches C．dry eyes D．all of the above
27． According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________.
A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter
C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64
28． Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes.
B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth.
C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited.
D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics.
29． You may read the passage in ________.
A．a science magazine B．a travel diary C．a guide book D．a novel
30． What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much.
C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens.
二、 阅读判断
（2022·云南）根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T”，错误“F”）。
Every Saturday, Wang Fokun travels 40 minutes to “watch” a movie with his friends. He became blind in his early 50s. However, he can still enjoy movies in a “talking movie” club-Xin Deng Theater. The club is in Kunming, Yunnan. A group of volunteers there describe movies to blind people.
“I listened to a movie for the first time in the summer of 2019, and it was amazing. The volunteers did a great job.” said Wang.
Describing movies to blind people can be challenging (有挑战性的). The volunteers must watch a movie three or four times to know everything in the movie. This way, they can describe the movie very clearly.
Zhou Quan started the club in 2017. “Movies are for everybody,” said Zhou. “Xin Deng Theater hopes to share movies with blind people and help to light up their lives.” Thanks to the special club, many blind people go out of their homes and their lives are more interesting.
Now many blind people come to Xin Deng Theater to “watch” movies every week. “They can enjoy the movies here. I’m so glad that I bring enjoyment to them.” said Zhou.
“It’s meaningful for us to spend our free time volunteering.” said one volunteer.
31． Wang Fokun goes to Xin Deng Theater three or four times a week.
32． The volunteers in the club describe movies to blind people.
33． Xin Deng Theater was set up in 2019.
34． Both blind people and the volunteers enjoy spending time in the club.
35． The passage mainly talks about a movie.
（2021·云南）根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T”，错误“F”），并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
I am an Inuit boy named Kayla. Inuit are the people who live in cold Arctic (北极的) lands. In my language, Inuit means “the people”. Some people used to call my people Eskimos. We wish to be called Inuit.
I live with my mother, father and two brothers. We live at the most northern part of the world. It is made up of the Arctic Ocean and the land all around it. For months the sea is covered with thick ice. The land is covered with snow and ice most of the year, too.
Winter is long and very cold. It lasts from October to March. It is dark twenty-four hours a day. The sun does not come up to warm the water and land. When the north winds blow, it is even colder. There are days when the temperature is 50°F below zero. My family is prepared. We wear watertight (防水鞋). We put on many layers (层) of clothes. Outside we always wear a thick warm jacket that has fur inside. I’m not afraid of the cold winters. I guess I’m just used to them.
My family and I look forward to each summer. So much happens in a short time. The temperature usually stays around 50°F. During the summer the sun shines all day and night. This is why the Arctic is called the “land of the midnight sun”.
36． Kayla is a boy who lives in cold Arctic lands, the most northern part of the world.
37． There are four people in Kayla’s family.
38． In Kayla’s hometown, winter lasts from October to March without sunshine.
39． Kayla is afraid of the cold winters when the temperature is 50°F below zero.
40． The passage mainly tells us something about Kayla’s family life.
（2020·云南）In China, there are 24 solar terms（节气）in a year. And there are six of them in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice（冬至）, lesser cold(小寒）and greater cold.
Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. After beginning of winter, most parts of the country can start to expect cold weather. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.
Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather yet. People often start counting “nine cold periods” starting from winter solstice. Every cold period has nine days. People believe that after 81 cold days, spring will come.
Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start.
41． From the passage, we know that there are six solar terms in winter.
42． People in northern China usually have dumplings and mutton soup on beginning of winter.
43． Heavy snow comes before light snow.
44． All Chinese are ready to celebrate the Spring Festival after greater cold.
45． The passage tells us how people celebrate the Spring Festival.
三、 阅读还原7选5
（2022·云南）Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don’t worry. ____46____
Find the common interests between you and your parents. For example, if you and your dad both like playing basketball, you can watch one game together and talk about it. ____47____
Try to start a dinnertime talk with your parents. Ask your parents about their day, and they will open up to you easily. Don’t forget that you have to open up to them, too. ____48____ Besides, it’s also a good idea to share something about the latest movies. Soon all of you will have a good conversation.
____49____ Eye contact (交流) is necessary. Don’t be bored, or they will probably stop talking and walk away. ____50____ If you listen patiently, they’ll be interested in talking to you. As a result, there will be a warm conversation between you and your parents.
In a word, it’s easy to get along well with your parents if you see them as your friends.
A．Let them know you’re listening.
B．Tell them what happened at school.
C．It’s important to have a healthy diet.
D．Look at your parents when you talk.
E．Get some training at a parents’ school.
F．You can find the conversation will come easily.
G．Here is some advice about how to talk to your parents.
（2021·云南）People didn’t pay much attention to their health in the past, but now more and more people try to make sure that they are healthy. ___51___
Do exercise every day. There are many ways to do exercise in daily life. ___52___ Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house is helpful. Other people think that doing exercise such as running or playing ball games is good.
Eat healthy food. It is good for your health to eat healthy food. You should eat more vegetables and fruits but less junk food every day. __53___
___54 __ Today many people have stress (压力) in their life, but we should try to relax ourselves. In fact, you can never keep yourself away from stress in life. ___55___ So you need to know the reason for the stress and find ways to feel better. Thinking about things in an active way can also reduce stress. Try to live for now, and don’t worry about the future.
A．Pick up a hobby.
B．It is always with you.
C．Learn to relax yourself.
D．It’s bad for your health to sit for a long time.
E．Now let me tell you some ways to keep healthy.
F．People have different ideas about ways to exercise.
G．Healthy food plays an important role in a strong body.
（2020·云南）根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
Our earth is in trouble. Our drinking water is becoming dirtier, and the air is not as clean as before. People and factories are polluting the air, rivers, lakes and seas. You may think there is nothing you can do to help. That’s not true. ____56____
Cars burn oil. ____57____ Some people believe that too much CO2 is making the earth warmer than ever. ____58____ This can save some oil and produce less CO2.
____59____ So turn off the air conditioner(空调) when you don’t need to use it. Use lights that save energy. Use fewer things that cannot be used again. When you buy something, consider those made from things that can be used again first.
A lot of water is needed for a shower. So take shorter showers. ____60____
Every small action can make a big difference to our earth. Let’s take action to protect it.
A．This can cut the use of water.
B．Air pollution is very serious.
C．This will make a lot of CO2 into the air.
D．So try to walk, ride a bike or take a bus.
E．Nobody can play a role in protecting the earth.
F．There are many things you can do to save the earth.
G．The biggest energy use at home is for keeping warm or cool.
参考答案：
1． B
2． C
3． D
4． A
5． B
【导语】本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展。
1． 细节理解题。根据“In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument”可知，到了宋朝，它成为一种相当流行的乐器，故选B。
2． 细节理解题。根据“To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings”可知，为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学家通常会研究古代绘画，故选C。
3． 推理判断题。根据“t present, it is used in both traditional and modern music”可知，二胡现在在传统音乐和现代音乐中都有使用，D表述正确，故选D。
4． 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，属于文化类，故选A。
5． 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，故选B。
6． C
7． B
8． A
9． D
10． A
【导语】本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
6． 细节理解题。根据“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space”可知，它用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的暗物质，故选C。
7． 词义猜测题。根据“In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di”可知，天帝是中国的神话传说，所以myths表示“神话”，故选B。
8． 细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天问》，故选A。
9． 细节理解题。根据“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously”可知，中国人民有着长久以来的太空梦。 因此，中国太空计划的命名受到了非常认真的对待，故选D。
10． 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。
11． C
12． B
13． A
14． C
15． D
【分析】文章讲述了一个男人破产了，妻子也离开了他，在他绝望的时候，他走进一片森林，看到了一个老人，通过一个老人给他讲了蕨类植物和竹子的生长的故事，告诉他不应该放弃，应该继续努力并坚持下去。
11． 细节理解题。根据“He went bankrupt (破产) and his wife went away from him.”可知，他破产了，妻子也离开了他，故选C。
12． 细节理解题。根据“When I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern quickly grew from the land”以及“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land.”可知，竹子和蕨类植物的生长不一样，故选B。
13． 词义猜测题。根据“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land.”可知，竹子种子一直没有……直到第五年的时候，一个小 ……从土里钻出来了，所以此处的“sprout”指的是“发芽”，故选A。
14． 细节理解题。根据“Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.”可知，年轻人听了老人的话，对生活充满了希望，故选C。
15． 最佳标题题。根据“Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是通过老人给男子讲的故事，告诉我们：遇到困难时千万不要失去希望，要坚持下去，故选D。
16． A
17． B
18． B
19． D
20． C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律。
16． 细节理解题。根据“But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.”可知，但是如果你浪费了太多的食物，你需要为它买单。故选A。
17． 推理判断题。根据“Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes”可知，一些餐厅可能会使用“N-1”模式让人们点餐，“N”代表一桌的人数，所以如果你的桌子上有6个人，你应该只点5道菜。所以9个人吃饭点8道菜，故选B。
18． 推理判断题。根据“It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.”可知，禁止播放有关暴饮暴食的电视节目。故选B。
19． 推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，所以最有可能在报纸上看到。故选D。
20． 主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，故选C。
21． C
22． A
23． D
24． B
25． B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为父亲买圣诞礼物时发生的事。
21． 题意：作者的父亲怎么了？
推理判断题。根据原文He shared with me that his grandfather couldn’t live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症). So I shared with him that my Dad was on the same journey可推断，作者的父亲与收银员的祖父得了同样的病，即阿尔茨海默症。C选项He had Alzheimer’s disease“他得了阿尔茨海默症”符合题意，故选C。
22． 题意：这个故事可能发生在什么时候？
推理判断题。根据原文We wished each other Merry Christmas and the best hopes for our loved family members可知，作者和收银员互祝圣诞快乐，由此可推断这个故事发生在圣诞节前。A选项Before Christmas“圣诞节前”符合题意，故选A。
23． 题意：当收银员给了作者好意的帮助后，作者感到________。
细节理解题。根据原文I thanked him for his kindness可知，作者很感激收银员的好意。D选项thankful“感激的”符合题意，故选D。
24． 题意：第3段中画线单词“reduced”的中文意思是________。
词句猜测题。根据原文He took some coupons(优惠券) from a drawer可知，优惠券是用来减少付款金额的。故此处“reduced”有“减少”之意。故选B。
25． 题意：本文的最佳标题是什么？
最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为父亲买圣诞礼物时发生的事。B选项A Christmas Gift for Dad“给父亲的圣诞节礼物”符合题意，故选B。
26． D
27． C
28． D
29． A
30． B
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的三点危害。
26． 细节理解题。根据第二段“Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain, headaches and dry eyes”可知长时间看手机会引起眼劳损、头痛和干眼症。故选D。
27． 细节理解题。根据第四段“using screens too much will affect your sleep”可知睡觉之前看屏幕太多会影响睡眠。故选C。
28． 推理判断题。根据“it is bad for your eyes”可知A选项表述正确；根据“screen use can do harm to children’s brains”可知B选项表述正确；根据“the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed”可知C选项表述正确。根据“it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens”可知D选项“People of all ages”表述错误。故选D。
29． 推理判断题。a science magazine一本科学杂志；a travel diary一个旅行日记；a guide book一本指南；a novel一本小说。文章主要讲述使用手机时间过长对人的危害，可知文章来自科学杂志。故选A。
30． 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的危害，可概括为The harm of using screens too much。故选B。
31． F
32． T
33． F
34． T
35． F
【导语】本文主要介绍了云南的一个专门向盲人描述电影的俱乐部。
31． 细节理解题。根据“Every Saturday, Wang Fokun travels 40 minutes to “watch” a movie with his friends”可知，他一周去一次，此句表述错误，故填F。
32． 细节理解题。根据“A group of volunteers there describe movies to blind people”可知，那里的一群志愿者向盲人描述电影，此句表述正确，故填T。
33． 细节理解题。根据“Zhou Quan started the club in 2017”可知，这个俱乐部是在2017年创办的，此句表述错误，故填F。
34． 细节理解题。根据“They can enjoy the movies here. I’m so glad that I bring enjoyment to them”及“It’s meaningful for us to spend our free time volunteering”可知，盲人和志愿者都愿意待在俱乐部，此句表述正确，故填T。
35． 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了云南的一个专门向盲人描述电影的俱乐部，此句表述错误，故填F。
36． T
37． F
38． T
39． F
40． F
【分析】作者在文中介绍了因纽特人在北极的生活。
36． 细节理解题。根据“I am an Inuit boy named Kayla. Inuit are the people who live in cold Arctic lands. ... We live at the most northern part of the world.”可知Kayla是一个生活在世界最北部寒冷的北极地区的男孩。题干中陈述正确。故填T。
37． 细节理解题。根据“I live with my mother, father and two brothers.”可知Kayla家一共5口人。题干中陈述错误。故填F。
38． 细节理解题。根据“Winter is long and very cold. It lasts from October to March. It is dark twenty-four hours a day. The sun does not come up to warm the water and land.”可知Kayla家乡的冬天从十月持续到三月，没有阳光。题干中陈述正确。故填T。
39． 细节理解题。根据“ There are days when the temperature is 50°F below zero. ... I’m not afraid of the cold winters.”可知Kayla不害怕零下50°F的寒冷冬天。题干中陈述错误。故填F。
40． 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了因纽特人在北极的生活，并不是介绍Kayla的家庭生活的。题干中陈述错误。故填F。
41． T
42． T
43． F
44． T
45． F
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍冬季的六个节气。
41． 题意：从文中得出，冬天有六个节气。
根据第一段“there are 24 solar terms in a year. And there are six of them in winter.”可知有六个节气在冬季。句子表述正确。故答案为T。
42． 题意:中国南方的人通常在冬天开始的时候吃饺子和羊肉汤。
根据第二段“People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day”可知人们通常在冬季开始的时候吃饺子和羊肉汤，句子表述正确。故答案为T。
43． 题意：大雪在小雪之前。
根据第三段“Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th”可知小雪在大雪之前，句子表述错误。故答案为F。
44． 题意：所有的中国人都准备好在大寒之后庆祝春节。
根据第四段“Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it”可知大寒之后人们准备庆祝春节，句子表述准确。故答案为T。
45． 题意：这篇文章主要讲述人们怎样庆祝春节。
这篇文章主要讲述的是冬季的节气，句子表述错误，故答案为F。
46． G
47． F
48． B
49． D
50． A
【导语】本文就如何和父母良好地沟通提出了一些建议。
46． 根据“Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don’t worry”及下文内容的介绍可知，此处有一些帮助你如何和父母沟通的建议，G选项“这里有一些关于如何与父母交谈的建议”符合，故选G。
47． 根据“Find the common interests between you and your parents”可知，寻找和父母之间的共同兴趣，让对话变得更容易，F选项“你会发现对话来得很容易”符合，故选F。
48． 根据“Don’t forget that you have to open up to them, too”可知，也要跟他们谈一谈自己发生的事情，B选项“告诉他们学校发生的事”符合，故选B。
49． 根据“Eye contact (交流) is necessary. Don’t be bored, or they will probably stop talking and walk away. ”可知，此处说的是注意眼神交流，D选项“说话的时候看着你的父母”符合，故选D。
50． 根据“If you listen patiently, they’ll be interested in talking to you”可知，此处介绍聆听的重要性，A选项“让他们知道你在倾听”符合，故选A。
51． E
52． F
53． G
54． C
55． B
【分析】文中主要介绍了一些保持健康的方法。
51． 下文三段中都在讲保持健康的方法，此处是总结句。E项“现在让我告诉你一些保持健康的方法。”符合语境。故选E。
52． 根据“ Some people think ... Other people think ...”可知人们的想法不一样。F项“人们对锻炼的方式有不同的想法。”符合语境。故选F。
53． 根据“Eat healthy food.”可知此段讲吃健康的食物相关的内容。G项“健康的食物在强壮的身体中起着重要的作用。”符合语境。故选G。
54． 根据“but we should try to relax ourselves”及整段内容可知这一段讲放松自己。C项“学会放松自己。”符合语境。故选C。
55． 根据“In fact, you can never keep yourself away from stress in life.”可知永远逃离不了生活中的压力。B项“它总是与你同在。”符合语境。故选B。
56． F
57． C
58． D
59． G
60． A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些保护环境的方法。
56． 根据上文You may think there is nothing you can do to help. That’s not true可知，作者不认为普通人无法参与环保，相反每个人都可以做一些小事来保护环境。F选项There are many things you can do to save the earth“你可以做很多事情来拯救地球”符合语境，故选F。
57． 结合前后文Cars burn oil和Some people believe that too much CO2is making the earth warmer than ever可知，此处说的与汽车排放二氧化碳有关。C选项This will make a lot of CO2into the air“这会造成许多二氧化碳排入空气中”符合语境，故选C。
58． 根据下文This can save some oil and produce less CO2可知，此处应该是建议采用低碳的出行方式。D选项So try to walk, ride a bike or take a bus“所以试着走路、骑自行车或乘公共汽车”符合语境，故选D。
59． 根据下文So turn off the air conditioner(空调) when you don’t need to use it可知，此处应该与使用能源有关。G选项The biggest energy use at home is for keeping warm or cool“家里最大的能源消耗是用来保暖或降温的”符合语境，故选G。
60． 根据上文A lot of water is needed for a shower. So take shorter showers可知，此处应该与节约用水有关。A选项This can cut the use of water“这样可以减少用水”符合语境，故选A。
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