山东省潍坊市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-02阅读单选&阅读还原

山东省潍坊市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编

02阅读单选&阅读还原

一、阅读单选

（2022·山东潍坊）

Miss Bradley: Debbie? The people at Sunny Bank—you know, the home for old people—want someone to give a talk. Could you do it?

Debbie: Me? Stand up and talk? I can’t do that.

Miss B: Debbie, it’s not a big deal.

Jess: Why not, Debbie? I mean, the old people aren’t going to laugh or be nasty.

Debbie: No, I know. But…oh, I don’t know. I’m just not brave enough, that’s all. I can’t do it, and that’s that.

Jess: Here she comes. Go on, Pete.

Pete: OK. Well, look—it’s yellow Debbie. The school chicken.

Debbie: I beg your pardon?

Pete: I hear you won’t give a talk at Sunny Bank. Ooh, all those scary old people! It’s a bit pathetic, eh, Debbie?

Debbie: Chicken? Pathetic? No one calls me that!

Debbie: Miss Bradley? I’ve changed my mind. I want to do the talk after all.

Miss B: Good for you, Debbie. How about Friday, around 5 o’clock?

Jess: It worked! Well done, Pete.

Pete: Thanks. But I don’t think I can ever talk to Debbie again!

1．Miss Bradley asks Debbie to_________.

A．give a speech B．go to a bank

C．stand up and talk D．look after old people

2．What does the underlined word chicken in Picture 3 probably mean in Chinese?

A．小鸡 B．勇士 C．胆小鬼 D．大明星

3．By saying such words, Jess and Pete’s real purpose is to __________.

A．talk to Debbie   B．encourage Debbie    C．laugh at Debbie     D．make Debbie angry

（2022·山东潍坊）Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.

“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.

“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.

From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.

Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second-highest medical officer in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section（剖宫产）in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.

4．Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor?

A．General Miranda. B．Her uncle James Barry.

C．A soldier in the British Army. D．A professor from Edinburgh University.

5．What does the underlined word disguise in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Change one’s clothes. B．Dress like a doctor.

C．Change one’s appearance. D．Dress like a gentleman.

6．Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in his job?

A．Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.

B．Graduating from the most famous medical university.

C．Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.

D．Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully.

7．What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years?

A．James Barry left much money. B．Dr. James Barry was a woman.

C．Margaret died in her twenties. D．General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.

（2022·山东潍坊）

What do three hearts, eight arms and one huge brain add up to? An octopus, a creature that can do amazing things. Octopuses are very clever. As they don’t have teeth or sharp claws to defend themselves, they have ever learnt a few tricks to get out of dangerous situations. Do you know how they do that?

They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor. Some octopuses like to stay in more shallow water where there are rocks. Because octopuses have very soft bodies, they can hide themselves into small spaces between the rocks to get rid of enemies.

The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand. This color change happens in less than a minute.

Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink. It can shoot ink into the water. The ink forms a cloud to blind its enemies. It's like a magician doing a disappearing act.

If an octopus is being attacked, it can make itself look like a sea snake. It will bury itself in the sand except two arms. It will change the color of those arms to match a sea snake.

But what if there’s no time to escape? It can break off one of its arms. The arm will then change colors and move around the water. As the enemy starts chasing after the arm, the octopus can swim away quickly. Don’t worry, though. The octopus’ arm will grow back soon.

8．How many tricks are mentioned in the text?

A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.

9．Why is an octopus like a chameleon?

A．It has three hearts.     B．It has eight arms.

C．It can make itself look like a snake. D．It can change the color of its skin.

10．What does an octopus do in time of great danger?

A．Run after its enemy. B．Break off one arm.

C．Fight with sharp teeth. D．Move around the water.

11．What is the best title for this text?

A．Adventures in water B．Magician of the sea

C．Soft bodies between rocks D．Enemy behind the cloud

（2021·山东潍坊）

12．The underlined word “weird” in Picture 2 has the similar meaning to _________.

A．awful B．strange C．fantastic D．interesting

13．In Alex’s opinion, _________.

A．Dave is different B．ballet is only for girls

C．football is only for boys D．Tony is worried about his feet

14．The three boys are mainly talking about _________.

A．dances B．sports C．hobbies D．classes

（2021·山东潍坊）

The 6-year-old girl, Ruby, lived in New Orleans, Louisiana. She was supposed to go to school close to her home. But all the students in that school were white. Ruby was black. School leaders didn’t want to accept her, so they made Ruby take a hard exam and hoped she would fail. But Ruby was so smart that she passed the test easily and was finally allowed to go to the school.

Ruby was excited about her new school. But when she and her mom arrived on her first day, she saw a crowd of angry people shouting very cruel things at the gate. They did not want a black child to attend the school. “I had no idea what was happening,” remembered Ruby. She thought the crowd was celebrating something.

Each day, Ruby went to school with four police officers who worked for the national government to protect her. The sight of this small girl with her big bodyguards moved the artist Norman Rockwell. He created a painting of Ruby. He called it“The Problem We All Live With”. It became a very famous painting.

Ruby grew up to be a civil rights activist. She worked to protect the rights given to all citizens by the government. She even went to the White House to meet President Barack Obama. They looked at Mr. Rockwell’s painting. It hung outside the Oval Office.

“We should never judge a person by the color of their skin,” Ruby said. “That’s the lesson I learned in first grade.”

15．How could Ruby get the chance to go to the school?

A．By meeting the president. B．By passing a difficult exam.

C．By visiting the school leaders. D．By asking for help from the government.

16．What was the crowd probably shouting at the school gate?

A．No seats for black! B．Congratulations!

C．Let her in! D．Welcome!

17．Why did Mr. Rockwell create the painting?

A．To celebrate Ruby’s success.    B．To present his painting skills.

C．To praise the four police officers.    D．To show the serious social problem in the US.

18．What lesson did Ruby learn in first grade?

A．Fight for your rights. 

B．Intelligence (智商) is valuable.

C．Treat people of different colors equally (平等地). 

D．Get help from the police when in trouble.

（2021·山东潍坊）

Everything is made of something. Nothing is made of nothing.

Chemistry is about the smallest things that other bigger things are made of, and what happens when they change. The word chemistry comes from chemical, which is an example of one type of the very small things that other bigger things are made of. The words you are reading now are made of a dark liquid called ink (墨水), which is written on paper. The paper itself is made out of the chemicals that wood is made out of. Both the ink and the paper were made by different chemical processes. A chemical process is what happens when chemicals come together to make other chemicals, and therefore other things.

Cooking makes chemical changes. Your different ingredients are made of different chemicals, and when you put them together and make them hot and cook them, the chemicals change into new chemicals and the different ingredients make something new. That tomato sauce you’re making is made of tomatoes, onions, garlic, salt and pepper. Those ingredients each have their own chemicals and their own flavors, but now with your sauce you’ve made something different, something that has its own flavor, all the ingredients mixed together, all the chemicals mixed together, something new.

You can smell the chemical changes, too, as they go up into your nose, especially when you forget about your sauce and it doesn’t just cook but burns and becomes black and has a really bad flavor. You can’t make it better, either, because once chemicals change, they can’t be changed back again.

19．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Chemistry. B．Chemical.

C．The smallest things. D．The bigger things.

20．What is a chemical process?

A．Ink is written on paper. B．Paper is made out of wood.

C．Everything is made of something. D．Things mixed together produce something new.

21．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．How to make tomato sauce. B．What to use to form new things.

C．Ingredients and their own flavors. D．Chemical changes in cooking food.

22．Which might be the best title for the text?

A．What chemistry is like.     B．Chemistry changes everything.

C．Where the word chemistry comes from.   D．A chemical process is called chemistry.

（2020·山东潍坊）

①Amy: Bye, Lucy. I have to bounce!

Lucy: What?

Amy: I have to bounce. You know—I have to go. We say that a lot in San Francisco.

②Lucy: That's cool! What other things do you and your friends say?

Amy: Well, for example, we say someone is 'sketchy' if we think they aren't very nice.

Lucy: Sketchy? All right I like it.

③Amy: What about things you say here in Britain?

Lucy: Well, if I say ‘He's tasty’, do you know what it means?

Amy: Beats me!

Lucy: It means he's good-looking.

④Amy: Look, there's Dave. He's quite tasty, isn't he?

Lucy: Well, he's a bit sketchy sometimes—but I like him!

Dave: Hi! What are you two laughing about?

Amy: I can't tell you now—I have to bounce!

Dave: Huh?

23．The two girls are mainly talking about ________.

A．the boy B．the language C．their friends D．their hometowns

24．The three characters are making a conversation in ________ according to the picture.

A．a school yard B．a supermarket C．a library D．a cinema

25．When they say "A girl is tasty" in Britain, it means she is ________.

A．kind B．smart C．pretty D．happy

（2020·山东潍坊）A neighbor called 911 at 11:09 a.m. after seeing smoke coming from a house in the 165 block of 54th Street Southeast.

The man who lives in the home was able to get his older child and the family dog out of the house on fire. Just then Monroe police officers arrived. The father said his younger child was still on the upper level of the house but he didn't know where.

Officers did a quick search of the house but couldn't find the girl. One of them closed the door to the master bedroom, where the fire started, controlling it and slowing its spread. Firefighters arrived and after searching the closet and narrow beds in another bedroom, one firefighter noticed the closed toy box at the foot of the bed.

"She wasn't making sounds," later the firefighter said of the girl, whose exact age he didn't know. "I opened it up and saw her. She was lying in the toy box just balled up."

Firefighters got the girl outside, where she was examined by doctors and found to be fine. The fire was quickly put out. The police officer who managed to shut the master bedroom door was highly praised. And the girl's father was so thankful to firefighters.

26．How did the police officers know a child was still missing?

A．The neighbor called. B．The father told them.

C．The family dog jumped wildly. D．The child was making much noise.

27．Why did the officer try to shut the master bedroom door?

A．To protect the toy box.  B．To slow the fire's spreading.

C．To clear the way for firefighters.  D．To keep fire from entering the master bedroom.

28．Where was the girl found finally?

A．In a closet. B．Inside a toy box.   C．Behind a door.   D．Under a narrow bed.

29．What can be the best title for the text?

A．Calling 911 B．A house on fire   C．Saving a girl out of fire  D．A thankful father

（2020·山东潍坊）Shameem was born in a small village in Pakistan. In her village, it was a tradition to keep girls inside their homes. They were not allowed to get an education.

Fortunately, Shameem's uncle, a university teacher, wanted to give her a chance to see the world. He offered Shameem a chance to attend school. So she became the only girl student in her class.

However, Shameem struggled to complete her schooling. To get permission for college, she went on three-day- hunger strike(抗议). After graduating from college, Shameem got a position in non-profit organization(非营利性组织)working to help women in rural(农村的)areas.

There, she saw a Pakistan that she didn't know. Until then, she thought she had a difficult life. But there, she saw what women in other parts of Pakistan were experiencing. Some women had 11 children, but nothing to feed them. They would walk three hours every day to get water.

Shameem found that the position was more than just a job for her. She discovered her power. By setting an example, her experience could encourage more people to understand the importance of education and send their daughters to school.

Now, Shameem teaches in a rural school in her hometown. "The first day I walked into the school," she said, "I saw all these little Shameems staring at me with dreams in their eyes, the same dream of freedom which I had in my childhood."

Today, there is not a single girl in her village who doesn't go to school.

30．Who played an important role in sending Shameem to school?

A．Her uncle. B．Her parents. C．A workmate. D．A university student.

31．Why did Shameem work for a non-profit organization?

A．To make much money.      B．To finish her education.

C．To discover her power as an example.      D．To help poor women in the countryside.

32．What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A．Shameem walked three hours to get water.  

B．Shameem used to know her homeland well.

C．Women and children were short of food.  

D．Women's situation was more awful than expected.

33．What's the influence of Shameem's effort?

A．Girls have the same dream. 

B．No girl is allowed to attend school.

C．All girls in the school are named Shameem. 

D．The idea of girls' education in her village has changed.

二、阅读还原5选4

（2022·山东潍坊）Are you suffering from insomnia（失眠）now? It’s true that many people are deeply bothered by insomnia. ___34___ Sleep expert Michael Grandner offers top three tips.

Make a plan and stick to it.

Melatonin（褪黑素）is produced by the body to control when you get sleepy and when you wake up. As night falls, the levels of melatonin rise, becoming a signal to the body that it’s time for bed. And the levels naturally fall as daylight comes near, getting you ready to greet the day.

 ___35___ So if your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day, your body doesn’t know how to react. So it’s important to have a regular bedtime and wake-up time, even on weekends.

 ___36___

In fact, this tip is so powerful that it can even beat sleep medicine. “Whenever you’ve been awake for 20 or 30 minutes, either the beginning or the middle of the night, get up. Maybe you just need five minutes to get sleepy, or maybe an hour, but don’t spend that time in bed,” says Grandner.

Change your attitude about sleep.

Many people see sleeping as the final thing they have to do in a busy day, worth delaying to catch up on housework, schoolwork or others. ___37___   “See your sleep as the amount of time you need in order to set yourself up for a productive tomorrow. It may sound like a small change, but it’s an important one,” Grandner adds.

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。

A．Don’t lie in bed awake.

B．Take some medicine if you need.

C．That thought needs to be changed.

D．In fact, we can train our brain to fall asleep.

E．The release（释放）of melatonin needs to be at regular times.

（2021·山东潍坊）

Every time you’re online, you are bombarded(如炮轰) by pictures, articles, links and videos trying to tell their story. ___38___.

Read these tips, and don’t get fooled by fake news!

1. Check the source(来源)

___39___. Does it look real? Is the text well written? Fake news websites often use addresses that sound like real newspapers, but don’t have many real stories about other topics.

2. Watch out for fake photos

Many fake news stories use images(图像) that are photoshopped or taken from an unrelated site. Sometimes, if you just look closely at an image, you can see if it has been changed. Or use a tool like Google Reverse Image search.

3. ___40___

Look to see if the story you are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust. If you do find it on many other sites, then it probably isn’t fake (although there are some exceptions).

4. Look for other signs

There are other methods that fake news uses. These include using ALL CAPS(全大写) and lots of ads that come out when you click on a link. ___41___. If the news story makes you angry, it’s probably designed to make you angry.

If you know these things about online news, and can use them in your everyday life, then you have the control over what to read and what to believe. If you find a news story that you know is fake, the most important advice is: don’t share it!

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。

A．Check the story in other places

B．Unluckily, not all of these stories are true

C．Fake news stories often spread much faster

D．Also, think about how the story makes you feel

E．Look at the website where the story comes from

（2020·山东潍坊）How can we protect the Earth? One problem to solve is climate(气候)change. You might wonder about climate change. What is it, exactly?

Gases surround the Earth. ___42___ Sunlight passes down through the gases. The gases trap(储存)the sun's heat and act like blanket. Without these gases, the Earth would be very cold. The trouble comes when humans add too many gases to the atmosphere. The gases build up and trap even more heat. This causes changes in climate. The Earth becomes too warm.

___43___ There's another gas causing climate change. No one talks about it as much. It is nitrous oxide(氧化亚氮). Many call it laughing gas. Dentists may give patients nitrous oxide so they will not feel pain. The atmosphere has small amounts of nitrous oxide. But nitrous oxide can stay in the atmosphere more than 100 years which can change the climate a lot.

Nitrous oxide forms naturally. ___44___ Bacteria are living organisms(生物)made of single cells. Farmers use nitrogen fertilizer(氮肥)to help grow bigger crops. The bacteria in the soil take the nitrogen from the fertilizer and make more nitrous oxide with it.

So how can we help? "Number one is to not waste food," Wagner Riddle, a scientist from Canada, said. ___45___ That number comes from a U. S. university study. "There is a lot that goes into making food", Wagner Riddle says. "So then if it's wasted, it's for nothing."

A．That's the reason for climate change.

B．It comes from bacteria(细菌)that live in the dirt.

C．Carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)is one gas that traps heat.

D．More than one-third of all food created in the U. S. is wasted.

E．These gases reach high into the sky and are called the atmosphere(大气层).

参考答案：

1．A    

2．C    

3．B

【导语】本文讲述了Bradley老师想让Debbie在老人院演讲，她起初不同意，后来在同学的刺激下决定去试一试。

1．细节理解题。根据“The people at Sunny Bank—you know, the home for old people—want someone to give a talk”可知，Bradley老师想让Debbie在老人院演讲，故选A。

2．词义猜测题。根据“I hear you won’t give a talk at Sunny Bank. Ooh, all those scary old people! It’s a bit pathetic”可知，嘲笑Debbie不敢去老人院做演讲，是一个胆小鬼，所以chicken表示“胆小鬼”，故选C。

3．推理判断题。根据“It worked! Well done, Pete”可知，他们说这些的目的是为了鼓励Debbie勇敢去老人院演讲，故选B。

4．A    

5．C    

6．C    

7．B

【导语】本文主要讲述了Margaret Ann Bulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。

4．细节理解题。根据“And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him”及“‘Yes, you can!’ said General Miranda. ‘All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.’ ”可知，是叔叔的朋友General Miranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。

5．词义猜测题。根据“So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes”可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，所以disguise与Change one’s appearance同义，故选C。

6．细节理解题。根据“Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选C。

7．推理判断题。根据“Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。

8．C    

9．D    

10．B    

11．B

【导语】本文主要介绍了章鱼的相关信息，包括了它的外观，逃生的技能等。

8．细节理解题。根据“They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor”“The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand”“Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink”“If an octopus is being attacked, it can make itself look like a sea snake”及“It can break off one of its arms”可知，文中一共提到了5种技巧，故选C。

9．细节理解题。根据“The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand”可知，因为它可以改变皮肤的颜色来匹配沙子，故选D。

10．细节理解题。根据“But what if there’s no time to escape? It can break off one of its arms”可知，它可以折断一只手臂，故选B。

11．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了章鱼的几种逃生技能，就像“海洋魔术师”一样，故选B。

12．B    

13．B    

14．C

【分析】本文是一则对话，对话中Alex对于Tony去练习芭蕾的事情感到惊讶，而Tony认为自己喜欢芭蕾，别人喜不喜欢那不关他的事。

12．词义猜测题。根据“Yeah, that’s weird! A boy! Doing ballet!”可知，Alex对于一个男孩子学芭蕾感到很奇怪，所以weird与strange同义，故选B。

13．细节理解题。根据“Yeah, that's weird! A boy! Doing ballet!”可知，Alex认为芭蕾是女孩子学习的舞蹈，男孩不应该学。故选B。

14．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文虽然围绕“芭蕾舞”展开讨论，但是背后讨论的是男孩和女孩的爱好是否应该有区别，以及男孩能否学习一些女孩常见的爱好。故选C。

15．B    

16．A    

17．D    

18．C

【分析】本文主要讲述了Ruby想通过自己的经历，告诉大家不要种族歧视，不要根据皮肤的颜色来评判一个人。

15．细节理解题。根据“But Ruby was so smart that she passed the test easily and was finally allowed to go to the school”可知，她通过一场困难的考试而得到了上学的机会，故选B。

16．推理判断题。根据“she saw a crowd of angry people shouting very cruel things at the gate. They did not want a black child to attend the school”可推断，这些人在学校门口喊着不要让黑人来上学的话语，A选项“No seats for black”符合，故选A。

17．推理判断题。根据“The sight of this small girl with her big bodyguards moved the artist Norman Rockwell. He created a painting of Ruby”可知，通过Ruby受到的种族歧视让这位画家产生了灵感，所以这幅画是为了展示美国严重的社会问题，故选D。

18．细节理解题。根据““We should never judge a person by the color of their skin,” Ruby said. “That’s the lesson I learned in first grade.””可知，她得到的教训是要平等对待不同肤色的人，故选C。

19．C    

20．B    

21．D    

22．D

【分析】本文介绍了化学变化会产生新的东西。并举例说明什么是化学变化。

19．词义猜测题。根据“Chemistry is about the smallest things that other bigger things are made of, and what happens when they change.”化学是关于其他更大的东西所组成的最小的东西，以及当它们改变时会发生什么。可知，此处的复数的代词they指代上文的the smallest things。故选C。

20．细节理解题。根据“Both the ink and the paper were made by different chemical processes.”可知墨水和纸张都是由不同的化学过程制成的，需要注意A选项的“Ink is written on paper.”，墨水写在纸上和化学变化无关。故选B。

21．段落大意题。根据“Cooking makes chemical changes.”及下文的介绍可知，本段介绍了烹饪食物中的化学变化。故选D。

22．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了chemistry一词的来历以及相关知识。第二段介绍什么是化学变化以及常见例子；第三段介绍烹饪也会导致化学物质变化；第四段介绍人们可以闻到化学物质变化。整篇文章都和化学变化相关。因此D选项适合做标题。故选D。

23．B    

24．A    

25．C

【分析】对话大意：这是Lucy和Amy在谈论英国和美国存在的一些常用语，之后Dave也加入其中。

23．推理判断题。根据文中“I have to bounce. You know—I have to go. ”“Well, for example, we say someone is 'sketchy' if we think they aren't very nice.”“Well, if I say ‘He's tasty’, ... It means he's good-looking.”提到了一些常用语及其意思，由此可推出两个女孩主要是在谈论语言。故选B。

24．细节理解题。根据图片中“PARK SCHOOL”的标志，可知对话发生在校园里。故选A。

25．句意猜测题。kind善良的；smart聪明的；pretty漂亮的；happy高兴的。根据文中“Well, if I say ‘He's tasty’, ... It means he's good-looking.”可知tasty在形容人时，意思是好看的，由此可推出在英国说“A girl is tasty”就是说她是漂亮的。故选C。

26．B    

27．B    

28．B    

29．C

【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲一栋房子着火，父亲把大点的孩子和狗狗救出去后，告诉警察他的小孩子还在楼上不知哪里，详细讲述了警察和消防员是如何救出小女孩的。

26．细节理解题。根据第2段中“The father said his younger child was still on the upper level of the house but he didn't know where.”可知是父亲告诉警察还有个小孩没找到。故选B。

27．细节理解题。根据第3段中“One of them closed the door to the master bedroom, where the fire started, controlling it and slowing its spread. ”可知关闭主卧的门是为了控制火势，减缓火的传播速度。故选B。

28．细节理解题。根据倒数第2段中“She was lying in the toy box just balled up.”可知小女孩最终是在一个玩具盒里被找到的。故选B。

29．标题归纳题。本文主要讲一场大火中警察和消防员救出一个小女孩的过程，用“Saving a girl out of fire”做标题最合适。故选C。

30．A    

31．D    

32．D    

33．D

【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍巴基斯坦的女孩不允许受教育，Shameem在叔叔的帮助下得到上学的机会，完成大学学业之后，参加非营利性组织帮助农村的女性。发现巴基斯坦的女性比她想象中情况要糟糕得多，于是她鼓励更多的人意识到教育的重要性让他们送自己的女儿去上学。现在她村子里的女孩都受到了教育。

30．细节理解题。根据第二段“Fortunately, Shameem's uncle, a university teacher, wanted to give her a chance to see the world. He offered Shameem a chance to attend school”可知Shameem 的叔叔帮助她去上学。故选A。

31．细节理解题。根据第三段“Shameem got a position in non-profit organization(非营利性组织)working to help women in rural(农村的)areas”可知她加入组织是为了帮助农村地区的女性。故选D。

32．主旨大意题。根据“There, she saw a Pakistan that she didn't know…But there, she saw what women in other parts of Pakistan were experiencing”可知第四段主要讲述的是女性的状况比想象得要更加糟糕。故选D。

33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today, there is not a single girl in her village who doesn't go to school”可知她村子里的女孩子都受到教育，女性教育状况发生了改变。故选D。

34．D    

35．E    

36．A    

37．C

【导语】本文介绍了预防失眠的方法。

34．根据“It’s true that many people are deeply bothered by insomnia”及“Sleep expert Michael Grandner offers top three tips”可知，事实我们可以改变这种情况，D选项“事实上，我们可以训练我们的大脑入睡”符合语境，故选D。

35．根据“So if your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day, your body doesn’t know how to react”可知，此处提到了“有规律的时间”，E选项“褪黑激素的释放需要定期进行”符合语境，故选E。

36．根据“but don’t spend that time in bed”可知，本段的建议是醒着的时候不要躺在床上，A选项“别躺在床上而不入睡”符合语境，故选A。

37．根据“Change your attitude about sleep”可知，要改变自己的某些想法，C选项“那个想法需要改变 ”符合语境，故选C。

38．B    

39．E    

40．A    

41．D

【分析】本文主要是就如何不被网上虚假的信息所愚弄而提供了一些建议。

38．根据“Read these tips, and don’t get fooled by fake news”可知，并不是所有的信息都是真实的，所以建议人们不要被这些虚假的信息所欺骗，B选项“不幸的是，并非所有这些故事都是真的”符合，故选B。

39．根据本段标题“Check the source”可知，要检查这些信息来自哪里，E选项“看看这个故事来自的网站”符合，故选E。

40．根据“Look to see if the story you are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust”可知，看看是否在其他的地方看到同样的故事，A选项“看看这个在其他地方的故事”符合，故选A。

41．根据“ If the news story makes you angry, it’s probably designed to make you angry”可知，此处应描述这个故事给你带来的感觉，D选项“同时，想想这个故事给你的感觉”符合，故选D。

42．E    

43．C    

44．B    

45．D

【分析】本文介绍了什么是气候变化，引起气候变化的原因以及我们如何做能减少氧化亚氮的产生。

42．根据Gases surround the Earth“大气环绕着地球”及Sunlight passes down through the gases“阳光通过大气照射下来”，可知，此空讲述与这些大气有关的内容。结合所给选项，此空填E选项，表示“这些大气升到高空，并叫作大气层”。故选E。

43．根据There's another gas causing climate change“这是另一个引起气候改变的气体”，可知，此空介绍另一种气体。结合所给选项，此空填C选项，表示“二氧化碳是一种储存热量的气体”。故选C。

44．根据Bacteria are living organisms(生物)made of single cells“细菌是由单细胞组成的生物”，可知，此空是讲述与细菌有关的内容。结合所给选项，此空填B选项，表示“它来自生活在泥土里的细菌”。故选B。

45．根据So how can we help? "Number one is to not waste food,"“所以我们如何可以帮忙？第一件事情就是不要浪费食物”，可知，此空是讲述与浪费食物有关的内容。结合所给选项，此空填D选项，表示“美国生产的食物中有超过三分之一被浪费了”。故选D。