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山东师大附中2019级2021-2022学年秋季开学考试
英语学科试题
本试卷分Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ两部分，共 10 页，满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 第Ⅱ卷必须用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其他笔。
第I卷 （共95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节 ( 共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分 )
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man most probably doing?
A. Carrying a box. B. Writing a book. C. Studying.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The long flights the team took.
B. The seasonal result of the team.
C. The number of the games the team played.
3. How many people will be employed?
A. 8. B. 16. C. 30.
4. What did they plan to do together?
A. Watch a football game. B. Buy a mobile phone. C. See a film.
5. What does the man dislike?
A. Traveling. B. Smoking. C. Flying.
第二节 ( 共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分 )
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What did the man do wrong?
A. He drove too fast.
B. He didn't drive straight.
C. He turned to the wrong direction.
7. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. To ask a policeman for help.
B. To drive back right now.
C. To turn right at once.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What did the man think of collecting stamps?
A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Amazing.
9. How did the woman get stamps?
A. From her friends.
B. From post offices.
C. From other collectors.
10. What does the woman collect now?
A. Foreign stamps only.
B. All beautiful stamps.
C. Stamps on one topic.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What do we know about the weather last night?
A. It rained heavily.
B. It was a snowy night.
C. There was only a gentle wind.
12. What was the weather like this spring?
A. It snowed very heavily.
B. It rained quite a lot.
C. It hardly rained.
13. What will they do after the conversation?
A. Go back home.
B. Do some cleaning.
C. Go for a walk in the park.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. Where does the dialogue take place?
A. In the street. B. In a restaurant. C. At their home.
15. What food do the two speakers like?
A. French food. B. Chinese food. C. American food.
16. When did the woman stay in China?
A. Two months ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago.
17. Where is the hotpot restaurant?
A. It is near the World Trade Center.
B. It is near the central supermarket.
C. It is near the Science Museum.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What are the students encouraged to do before graduating?
A. Get high marks.
B. Help one poor student.
C. Do some volunteer work.
19. Who are needed for the program “One on One”?
A. College teachers.
B. Excellent high school students.
C. Students majoring in math or chemistry.
20. What is the purpose of taking part in the program?
A. To gain some experience.
B. To make some pocket money.
C. To make some friends.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Have you ever had trouble choosing suitable books for your children? Here we introduce three books that will make your children look forward to bedtime.
Alone
One day Maddie decides to stay at her grandparents’ empty apartment alone without telling her parents. However, an unexpected middle-of-the-night evacuation (撤离) leaves her completely alone in Colorado town, without power or any way to communicate with her loved ones. With only the neighbor’s dog by her side, Maddie spends the next three years fighting against bad weather, hunger, wild dogs and loneliness. (Ages 10-up)
Time for Kenny
It describes a day in a kid’s life. Painted in the artist’s characteristically loose, rounded line, brown-skinned Kenny is first seen playing thoughtfully with a large toy bus. “It’s time for Kenny to get dressed for the day,” the narrator announces. Can Kenny wear his father’s shirt or his mother’s shoes? No. His parents smile as he tries them on, and admire him once he’s properly dresses. Such a small, everyday event conveys that Kenny is an innocent child cherished by his family. (Ages 4-up)
The Animal Rescue Agency #1: Case File: Little Claws
In the story, Esquire, a fox, and Mr. Pepper, an elderly rooster, set out to save Little Claws，a young polar bear. Because a villainous (邪恶的) fur-wearing animal dealer planned to sell the baby bear to a Florida zoo. Living up to their motto — “To each animal, it has the right to live its natural life”, the team prevented the dealer’s plan and took the risk of setting all the Arctic animals in a house free. It provides a light-hearted read with environmental conservation at its core. (Ages 8-12)
1. What has Maddie struggled with in the Colorado town for three years?
A. Caring for her dog.
B. Surviving on her own.
C. Hiding from her parents.
D. Rescuing people in need.
2. What kind of kid is Kenny?
A. He is the apple of his family’s eye.
B. He is a child with many ideas.
C. He has a good sense of humor.
D. He often upsets his parents.
3. Which of the following can best describe Esquire and Mr. Pepper?
A. Funny and clever.
B. Honest and sincere.
C. Kind and courageous.
D. Confident and cautious.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三本适合儿童睡前阅读的书籍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Alone中“With only the neighbor’s dog by her side, Maddie spends the next three years fighting against bad weather, hunger, wild dogs and loneliness.( 在邻居的狗的陪伴下，Maddie在接下来的三年里与恶劣天气、饥饿、野狗和孤独作斗争。)”可知，Maddie在科罗拉多镇挣扎着独自生存了三年。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Time for Kenny中最后一句“Such a small, everyday event conveys that Kenny is an innocent child cherished by his family.( 这样一个小小的日常事件表明Kenny是一个被家人珍视的天真的孩子。)”可知，Kenny是全家的掌上明珠。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the story, Esquire, a fox, and Mr. Pepper, an elderly rooster, set out to save Little Claws，a young polar bear.( 故事中，狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生出发去救小北极熊Little Claws。”可知，因为狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生出发去救小北极熊Little Claws，所以狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper善良；再结合“the team prevented the dealer’s plan and took the risk of setting all the Arctic animals in a house free. (该小组阻止了经销商的计划，冒着风险把所有被关在放在一间房子里北极动物释放。)”可知，狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生冒险救了被关北极动物，所以它们是勇敢的；由此可知，狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生既善良又勇敢。故选C。
B
I had just delivered a memorable speech, and I was about to learn how the judges decided my performance. The audience leaned forward and a period of silence fell across the room. I felt the drum rolled in my heart.
The third-place winner was announced. The name was not mine. Then the second-place winner, still not me. At last, the moment of truth came. I was about to either enjoy the warmth of victory or regret the months’ preparation. My heart felt closer to the latter.
Losing is a part of life, and I have dealt with it on more than one occasion. However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group. After Lincoln lost the 1858 Illinois Senate race, he said, “I felt like the 12-year-old boy who kicked his toe. I was too big to cry and it hurt too bad to laugh.” Oh yeah, I could relate.
I had spent many hours in front of a computer and in libraries doing research for the Lincoln Bicentennial Speech Contest. After not placing in the first year of the contest, I really wanted to compete again. Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest! I reworked my speech for the following year, but again I did not place.
I couldn’t accept the fact that I failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.
4. How did the author feel after finishing his speech?
A. Delighted. B. Annoyed. C. Thrilled. D. Nervous.
5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. He was regretful about his not being fully prepared.
B. He felt upset for getting up early on a chilly morning.
C. He once kicked and hurt his toe when he was 12 years old.
D. He turned out to be the last one of his group in the contest.
6. Why did the author decide to enter the second contest?
A. He was eager to prove himself to be the best contestant.
B. He was inspired by the never-give-up spirit of Lincoln.
C. He was willing to enjoy the warmth and joy of victory.
D. He was determined to win the prize money and praise.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A memorable hero in my life B. Never mind others’ judgments
C. Losing is an indescribable feeling D. Stand up from where we tripped over
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加演讲比赛失败了，但在林肯的鼓舞下，决定参加第二届比赛，虽然还是没有得到好的名次，但是通过学习关于林肯的故事，作者发现自己可以成功地失败。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I felt the drum rolled in my heart.(我感到心里在打鼓)”可知，作者结束演讲后感觉紧张。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group.(然而，这是一种难以形容的感觉，开了200英里的往返路程，在一个寒冷的周六早晨起得很早，但仍然在四名参赛者中名列第四)”可推知，结果他是他组的最后一名。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest!(林肯失败过很多次，但他从不让失败打败他的精神和雄心，所以我不会放弃第二次比赛！)”可知，作者决定参加第二届比赛是因为他被林肯永不放弃的精神所鼓舞。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I couldn’t accept the fact that I failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.(我无法接受在我如此努力的事情上失败了两次的事实，直到我想到了我的英雄。尽管失去了奖金和赞扬，但通过学习关于林肯的故事，我发现我可以成功地失败)”结合文章主要讲述了作者参加演讲比赛失败了，但在林肯的鼓舞下，决定参加第二届比赛，虽然还是没有得到好的名次，但是通过学习关于林肯的故事，作者发现自己可以成功地失败。可知，D选项“从我们绊倒的地方站起来”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
In November 2020, US climber Emily Harrington, 34, took on EI Captain—a 3,000 foot (917 meters) rock formation (岩层) in Yosemite National Park, US. She accomplished her feat (壮举) within a day and became the first woman to free-climb the Golden Gate route.
It used to take weeks for rock climbers to reach the top of EI Captain, even with the help of a partner and climbing aids. In recent years, only three people—all me—had free-climbed the Golden Gate route on EI Captain in under 24 hours, according to CNN.
The number of female climbers has been rising in recent years. Even in the pandemic, many of them have made great achievements and pushed human limits. “I had never expected to earn my place to a Yosemite climber. But throughout this experience I have learned that there is no formula to achievement up there,” she said.
The rising number of female climbing enthusiasts should come as no surprise. According to the website Climbing.com, “Climbing is one of the few sports where it’s possible to level the playing field. Women’s superior strength-to-weight ratio (比例）helps offset (弥补) anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes.”
Legendary Austrian climber Angela Eiter is another strong female figure in the climbing world. In 2020 Eiter made news as she climbed the unknown face she calls Madame Ching in her home country.
According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Eiter had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself. Worse still, the rock there is really fragile and some holds had to be fixed with glue. But after intensive indoor training to visualize the route and build up the strength, Eiter, who stands 154cm high and weighs 46kg, made it.
“I am not the strongest woman and I am very small, and I am happy that I can show other women that they can also do it,” she told the reporter.
8. What did Emily Harrington accomplish?
A. She reached the top of EI Captain in less than a day.
B. She free-climbed the Golden Gate route within weeks.
C. She was the first person to take on EI Captain successfully.
D. She free-climbed the Golden Gate route without climbing aids.
9. What does the underlined phrase “level the playing field” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Give a sense of belonging.
B. Give someone an advantage.
C. Make a situation more balanced.
D. Allow someone to prove themselves.
10. What difficulty did Angela Eiter meet with when climbing Madame Ching?
A. There were no holds to use.
B. There were no beaten path to follow.
C. There was a lack of necessities like glue.
D. Her prediction about the route was wrong.
11. What can we learn from Harrington and Eiter?
A. Always battle others.
B. Find where you belong.
C. Work hard to be a role model.
D. Be brave and pursue your goal.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了杰出女性攀岩者艾米丽·哈林顿成功攀爬3000英尺岩层，创造纪录的故事，并借此引申报道了女性近年来在攀岩运动中的亮眼成就。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章首段的介绍“In November 2020, US climber Emily Harrington, 34, took on El Capitan--a 3000 foot(917 meters) rock formation(岩层) in Yosemite National Park, US. She accomplished her feat(壮举) within a day and became the first woman to free-climb the Golden Gate route（2020年11月，34岁的美国攀岩者艾米丽·哈林顿登顶了酋长巨石——美国约塞米蒂国家公园的一个3000英尺高，约合917米的岩层。她在一天之内完成了这一壮举并成为第一个徒手攀爬金门路线的女性徒手攀岩者）”可知，她在一天之内就登顶了酋长巨石，A选项符合原文，故选择A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“Women’s superior strength-to-weight ratio (比例）helps offset (弥补) anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes（女性优越的力量与体重比有助于抵消我们身体力量上的不足，弥合了两性之间的差别）”结合句中的offset (弥补)及bridging可知，上文表达的是，攀岩这项活动是少数能够让男女公平竞争的运动之一，A. Give a sense of belonging.感觉到归属感；B. Give someone an advantage.给某人一个优势；C. Make a situation more balanced.使情况能够平衡；D. Allow someone to prove themselves.让某人能证明自己。C项“Make a situation more balanced.使情况能够平衡”与“level the playing field创造公平竞争的环境”意思相近，故选择C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段首句中“According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Eiter had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself . （根据纽约邮报报道，这一路上没有前人探索出来的路径。也就是意味了Eiter必须自己寻找支撑点，并预测这些行动将如何进行）”可知， Eiter面临的困难是无迹可寻。故选择B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求得出我们可以从这两位主人公身上学到什么，实质上是要求判断两位主人公的品质。纵观全文，Harrington和Eiter的身份都是female climbers（女性攀岩者），且文中使用了great（伟大的）和legendary（传奇的）等词进行修饰，攀岩运动是一项极限运动，作为杰出的现代女性，对其发起挑战，这体现了她们的勇敢（brave）；同时，文中分别讲述了她们经过长时间的练习和准备，对高难度岩层发起挑战，并取得成功的故事，且全文最后一句“Women have decided to follow their hearts.”（女性决定依心而行），表明她们会追逐心中的目标（pursue your goal），综上，故选择D项。
D
AI, 5G, cloud computing and other digital technologies are not only changing our lives but shaping the economy as well.
China’s six major commercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts to provide new drive for the e-CNY (数字人民币) trials in the country, as reported by Shanghai Securities News on March 23.
“The functions and properties of the-CNY are exactly the same as those of the paper currency, except that the form is digital,” said Mu Changchun, head of the People’s Bank of China’s Digital Currency Research Institute.
Many people are puzzled by e-CNY and electronic payments. “Digital currency has the characteristics of both paper money and electronic payment,” said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. “In theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.”
Compared with Alipay and WeChat payments, e-CNY features anonymity (匿名性) and security. E-commerce platforms that accept payments via e-CNY will not have access to user’s personal information. E-CNY users can open an anonymous digital wallet by registering a mobile phone number, and telecom operators cannot disclose (泄露) customer information to the central bank or any third-party institutions. Mu noted that e-CNY user’s privacy protection is at the highest level among all the existing payment tools.
Similar to Alipay and WeChat payments, using e-CNY requires an account. After obtaining the other party’s account number, users can enter the amount of digital money to transfer (转钱) and then enter the payment password to complete the transaction (交易). However, the process behind these transfers are different. For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferred money only when they withdraw money from banks. But e-CNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to complete a transaction. Therefore, it guarantees risk-free payments, according to Wu.
In simple terms, e-CNY can be considered “money”, while electronic payments are like “wallets”.
12. What can we know about e-CNY?
A. It is issued by six major commercial banks.
B. It combines paper money and electronic payment.
C. It is designed to replace Alipay and WeChat payments.
D. It has exactly the same function as other payment tools.
13. How does e-CNY protect user’s privacy?
A. By limiting access to personal information.
B. By storing personal data in the central bank.
C. By opening a unique digital wallet for each user.
D. By linking telecom operators to a mobile phone number.
14. What can be concluded from Paragraph 6?
A. E-NCY transfers require to go through a third party.
B. E-NCY is more convenient than other electronic payments.
C. E-NCY can be transferred without the receiver’s information.
D E-NCY and electronic payments ensure security in the same way.
15. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To promote the use of e-NCY.
B. To inform readers of digital RMB.
C. To compare different types of payments.
D. To describe the impact of digital technologies.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人工智能、5G、云计算和其他数字技术不仅在改变我们的生活，也在塑造经济。由此讲述了e-CNY（数字人民币）的功能，性质和特点等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many people are puzzled by e-CNY and electronic payments. “Digital currency has the characteristics of both paper money and electronic payment,” said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. “In theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.（很多人对e-CNY和电子支付感到困惑。北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院教授吴倩红表示：“数字货币兼具纸币和电子支付的特点。”“从理论上讲，数字货币可以取代纸币、支付宝和微信支付。”）”由此可知 e-CNY结合了纸币和电子支付。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Compared with Alipay and WeChat payments, e-CNY features anonymity (匿名性) and security. E-commerce platforms that accept payments via e-CNY will not have access to user’s personal information. （与支付宝和微信支付相比，e-CNY具有匿名性和安全性。接受e-CNY支付的电子商务平台不会获取用户的个人信息）”由此可知通过限制获取用户的个人信息来保护e-CNY使用者的隐私，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferred money only when they withdraw money from banks. But e-CNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to complete a transaction. Therefore, it guarantees risk-free payments, according to Wu.（如果采用电子支付方式，则需要通过第三方进行转账，接收者从银行取钱时才能得到转账的资金。但是e-CNY转账只需要一个支付者和一个接收者来完成交易。因此，它保证了无风险支付。）”这样，e-CNY要比其他支付方式方便并且无风险。由此可推断，e-CNY比其他电子支付方式更方便，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“China’s six major commercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts to provide new drive for the e-CNY (数字人民币) trials in the country, as reported by Shanghai Securities News on March 23. （据《上海证券报》3月23日报道，我国六大商业银行正在加大电子钱包的力度，为国内试点人民币提供新的动力。）”以及下文对e-CNY (数字人民币)功能、性质和特点等的介绍，可知本篇文章目的就是要告诉读者关于e-CNY (数字人民币)的相关信息，故选B。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force. ___16___. These tests can help evaluate how a person thinks and best understand what areas of interest a person may want to go after.
___17___. They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiple-choice or true/false questions. These are often used so that the results of the test can be determined through computer analysis of answers. Take 123 Career Test for an example. 123 Career Test is a five-to-ten minute assessment of your career personality. You look at pictures of people who are doing work-related task and choose “yes” or “no” in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task. ___18___, the computer will soon tell you what work environments and occupations best suit your career personality.
123 Career Test shows how wonderful career aptitude test can be. You may now be eager to try one. ___19___.
Some career aptitude tests may only focus on analyzing the types of skills or strengths and weaknesses a person may have. The results of such tests may not always match what a person wants to do. Someone could be very strong at critical thinking and analysis, which may indicate he or she has an aptitude for becoming a scientist. If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue. ___20___.
A. It is relatively easy to carry out
B. It indicates what tests are more suitable for them
C. It determines what career might be the best choice for them
D. After you finish the tasks related to choosing “yes” or “no”
E. But before you do that, there’s something you’d better know
F. The results only show a career which he or she may be good at
G. There are many ways in which a career aptitude test can be prepared
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了职业能力测试方式，以及测试结果的参考价值。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force.（职业能力测试通常被用来帮助那些有兴趣进入职场的人）”可知，本段主要讲述的是职业能力测试的用途，C选项“它决定了什么职业可能是他们的最佳选择”选项中的it指代的就是上文中的“A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test”，符合题意，故选择C项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiple-choice or true/false questions.（它们通常会由许多多项选择题或者是判断正误题的问题组成）”可知，这里说的是测试题的表现形式，G项“职业能力测试的呈现方式有很多”符合题意，故选择G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“You look at pictures of people who are doing work-related task, and choose “yes” or “no” in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task.（你看那些正在做与工作相关的任务的照片，然后回答是或者不是，来判断你是否能够看到自己在享受这项任务）”可知，这里说的是123职业测试的方式，D项“在你完成了选择是还是否的相关任务后”由after引导承接上文内容，符合题意，其中“yes” or “no”与上文一致，故选择D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“You may now be eager to try one.（你现在可能就想去试一下）”可知，说的是想去进行职业能力测试，E项“但是在你去做之前，有一些事情你最好了解”中的But表示转折关系，承接上文的想要去做测试，并引出下文，说明做之前还有一些事情要了解，句中“that”指的就是上文提到的“去试一下”，故选择E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue.（然而，如果这个人对科学没有特别的兴趣，那么这种测试的结果并不一定表明他或者是她可以从事什么职业）”可知，这里说的是有关职业测试结果的内容，F项“结果就只能表明他或者是她可能擅长的职业”，“the results”以及“he or she”是上文内容的复现，符合题意，故选择F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company. Each one was ___21___ separately by a committee of three people. Each applicant ___22___ the questions and tried their best to ___23___ the interviewers.
However, one ___24___ proved to be set them apart, which was, “What is the ___25___ of being yourself?”
The first one said:“Be spontaneous (自发的) and don’t ___26___ as people expect you to.”The second one said:“Show your ___27___ to reflect your strong personality.”
The third person presented the following insight: “Be honest and don’t ___28___ in order to impress people.”
The committee wasn’t ___29___ with their answers and decided to invite five other ___30___ to interview for the job.
___31___, the committee asked a simple question that ___32___ the candidates’ way of thinking. The phrase “be yourself” seems to carry a(n) ___33___ meaning, but how one ___34___ it can reveal a lot about him or her.
This expression encourages people to ignore outside influences and think ___35___. Only by doing so can we define our ambitions, address our weaknesses and achieve our goals in our own way.
21. A. recommended B. interviewed C. informed D. received
22. A. answered B. raised C. chose D. predicted
23. A. impress B. greet C. attract D. please
24. A. incident B. action C. choice D. question
25. A. benefit B. purpose C. meaning D. result
26. A. work B. complain C. refuse D. behave
27. A. kindness B. confidence C. responsibility D. honesty
28. A. change B. lie C. praise D. challenge
29. A. annoyed B. delighted C. relieved D. content
30. A. interviewers B. employees C. applicants D. officials
31. A. In turn B. In return C. In truth D. In total
32. A. improves B. reflects C. determines D. includes
33. A. important B. familiar C. shallow D. different
34. A. believes B. practices C. accepts D. explains
35. A. carefully B. independently C. positively D. deeply
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要通过讲述三个应聘者的故事，来阐明“做自己”的真正意义。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三位面试者单独由三位成员组成的委员会来进行面试。A. recommended推荐；B. interviewed面试；C. informed通知；D. received收到。根据上文“Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company.（三名申请人正在一家大公司面试人力资源经理的工作）”可知，三个人是在接受面试，故选择B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个申请人都会回答一些问题，并尽力给面试官留下深刻印象。A. answered回答；B. raised举起；C. chose选择；D. predicted预测。根据上文中的“interviewing”及下文中的“questions”可知，是在面试过程中回答问题，故选择A项。
【23题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：同上。A. impress给…深刻印象；B. greet问候；C. attract吸引；D. please使…高兴。根据上文“Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company.（三名申请人正在一家大公司面试人力资源经理的工作）”可知，说的是申请者尽可能给面试官留下深刻印象，impress“给…深刻印象”符合句意，故选择A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个问题把他们区分开来，问题是“做自己的意义是什么？”A. incident事件；B. action行动；C. choice选择；D. question问题。根据上文“ Each applicant answered the questions（每个申请人都要回答一些问题）”可知，这里说的是其中的一个问题，故选择D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. benefit利益；B. purpose目的；C. meaning意义；D. result结果。根据下文申请人的回答“The first one said:“Be spontaneous (自发的) and don’t behave as people expect you to.”（第一个申请人回答说，要自发的，而不是像人们期望的那样去表现）”可知，上文问的是做自己的意义，故选择C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一个申请人回答说，要自发的，而不是像人们期望的那样去表现。A. work工作；B. complain抱怨；C. refuse拒绝；D. behave表现。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”可知，这里回答的是做自己就是要自发的，不是像别人期望的那样去表现，故选择D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个人回答：“展示你的自信，来反应你强烈的个性。”A. kindness仁慈，善行；B. confidence自信；C. responsibility责任；D. honesty诚实。根据上文“being yourself（做自己）”及下文“reflect your strong personality（反应你强烈的个性）”可知，这里说的是展示自信，故选择B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个人陈述了他的领悟：“要诚实，不要为了给别人留下深刻印象而撒谎。”A. change改变；B. lie撒谎；C. praise赞美；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Be honest（要诚实）”可知，下文说的是不要撒谎，故选择B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：委员会对于他们的答案并不满意，并决定邀请其他的申请者来面试这份工作。A. annoyed生气的；B. delighted高兴的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. content满意的。根据下文“decided to invite five other applicants to interview for the job.（决定邀请其他的申请者来面试这份工作）”可知，委员会对于这三位申请人的回答是不满意的，故选择D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interviewers面试者；B. employees雇员；C. applicants申请人；D. officials官员。根据上文“The committee wasn’t content with their answers（委员会对于他们的回答并不满意）”可知，要邀请其他的申请人来面试，故选择C项。
【31题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，委员会提出了一个反应候选人思维方式的简单问题。A. In turn依次；B. In return作为回报； C. In truth事实上；D. In total总计。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”可知，这实际上是一个反应人的思维方式的问题，In truth“事实上”符合句意，故选择C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. improves改善；B. reflects反应；C. determines决心；D. includes包括。根据下文“The phrase “be yourself” seems to carry a shallow meaning, but how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（短语“做自己”似乎意义浅显，但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示出许多关于他或者是她的事情）”可知，这个问题可以反应候选人的思维方式，故选择B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意短语“做自己”似乎意义浅显，但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示处许多关于他或者是她的事情：A. important重要的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. shallow浅显的；D. different不同的。根据下文“but how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示处许多关于他或者是她的事情）”结合句中“but”转折可知，上文应该说的是意义浅显，但可以反应出很多事情，故选择C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. believes相信；B. practices练习；C. accepts接受；D. explains解释。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”及三个申请人的回答可知，这里说的是一个人对于“做自己”的理解，explains“解释”符合句意，故选择D项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个表达主要是鼓励人们忽视外部的影响，独立思考。A. carefully小心地；B. independently独立地；C. positively积极地；D. deeply深深地。根据上文“ ignore outside influences（忽视外部影响）”可知，这里说的是要独立思考，故选择B项。
第Ⅱ卷 (共 55 分)
第三部分 英语知识运用
第二节 语篇填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
___36___ (doubt), Earth is becoming warmer and there is strong evidence of ___37___ causes the dramatic change in the global climate. Actually, the “greenhouse effect” is ___38___ (blame). The rise in temperature has ___39___ (lead) to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only ___40___ (cause) serious damage, but also costing human lives. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, governments need to consider making policies and ___41___ (take) appropriate actions and measures while we as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyle produce.
China ___42___ (make) great progress in space programme in recent years, including Yang Liwei’s successfully orbiting Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft in 2003 and Chang’e 4’s exploring the surface of the far side of the moon to make ___43___ (measure) and observations.
The future of space exploration remains bright. ___44___ the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enables us ____45____ (understand) how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.
【答案】36. Undoubtedly
37. what 38. to blame
39. led 40. causing
41. taking 42. has made
43. measurements
44. Despite
45. to understand
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。以及近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，有强有力的证据表明是什么导致了全球气候的剧烈变化。修饰后文整个句子应用副词，表示“毫无疑问”应用undoubtedly，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Undoubtedly。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，有强有力的证据表明是什么导致了全球气候的剧烈变化。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”应用what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：事实上，“温室效应”是罪魁祸首。结合句意表示“应被责备”可知短语为be to blame。故填to blame。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。根据上文“The rise in temperature has”可知为现在完成时，空处应用过去分词。故填led。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语extreme weather and natural disasters构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填causing。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减少温室气体排放，政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施，而我们作为个人也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。结合句意表示“考虑做某事”可知短语为consider doing sth.。故填taking。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。根据后文“in recent years”可知应用现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has made。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。空处作宾语，表示“测量”应用名词measurement，结合后文observations可知应用复数。故填measurements。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存下去。结合句意表示“尽管”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Despite。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存下去。结合句意表示“使某人能做某事”短语为enable sb. to do sth.。故填to understand。
第四部分 写作
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，正就读于英国某所高中，你受邀将在学校文化节期间发言。请给活动负责人Michael写一封邮件, 内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 告知发言内容；
3. 说明理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右（称呼和落款已给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Michael,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Michael,
Thanks for asking me to make a speech during the school cultural festival. And I’m writing to tell you about my plan. I’d like to speak about traditional Chinese festivals and how Chinese people celebrate them. As is known, traditional Chinese culture is becoming more and more popular in the world. As the important part of it, traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration have been attracting more foreigners.
I hope my speech can help more people have a better understanding of Chinese culture. I’m looking forward to the school cultural festival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作，你受邀在即将到来的学校文化节上发言，要求给活动负责人Michael写一封信（邮件），对邀请表示感谢，并告知发言内容和说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
众所周知：as we all know→as is known
吸引：appeal→attract
对……有更好的理解：understand…better→have a better understanding of
期待：expect→look forward to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As the important part of it, traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration have been attracting more foreigners.
拓展句：Traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration, which are the important part of traditional Chinese culture, have been attracting more foreigners.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As is known, traditional Chinese culture is becoming more and more popular in the world.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，as is known“众所周知”)
[高分句型2] I hope my speech can help more people have a better understanding of Chinese culture.(I hope+that引导的宾语从句，此处省略了连接词that)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Paula is a 55-year-old woman living in New Jersey. She lives a happy life without concern for financial or social problems and she constantly shares laughs with her family and friends. About ten years ago, her husband Michael gave her a gold ring with a diamond in it on their 20th wedding anniversary. She cherished it very much and wore it every day.
Having been married for almost 30 years, Paula had everything set for herself, and knew that her life in New Jersey was a thrilling one. One day, Paula was in the bathroom cleaning everything up, from the sink to the floor. She wanted to keep her house clean and beautiful. As soon as Paula finished washing the bathtub, she moved on to the part she feared most: the toilet. Wanting to get it out of the way, she quickly cleaned the inside of the toilet with a brush, and flushed (冲走) the soap away. After finishing, she felt there was something wrong, but she couldn’t think of what it was.
Paula’s heart skipped a beat when she noticed that her left ring finger felt a bit lighter. She slowly looked down at her ring finger, hoping that her treasured anniversary gift was still on it. She was frightened to see that it was lost. She didn’t notice that she flushed it down the toilet.
Paula said, “I must have flushed it down. It had been a little big on my finger, because it was winter time and my hands were smaller. I felt so bad about it. Sad and embarrassed.”
She couldn’t believe that she just let thousands of dollars go down the drain (下水道)，literally. She searched the bathroom and even the house, hoping that she just dropped it somewhere and forgot about it. She even took apart the toilet and searched the inside pipes with a flashlight, but in vain. Paula had no idea how to explain this to her husband. To buy the ring, Michael worked extra hard before the anniversary, so to tell him the bad news was unimaginable for Paula.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She softly knocked on the door to their bedroom.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After finishing her explanation, Paula wiped away her tears and waited for Michael to say something.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
She softly knocked on the door to their bedroom. When she came in, she saw Michael reading his favorite book on the bed. Visibly sweaty and nervous, Paula said that she had bad news to tell him. Michael was worried, but listened. With her eyes looking away from embarrassment, Paula cried and told her husband the ring was flushed down the toilet. Paula had mentally prepared herself for what could possibly be the toughest conversation with her husband ever. But Michael was quiet through the entire explanation, and this put Paula off.
Paragraph 2:
After finishing her explanation, Paula wiped away her tears and waited for Michael to say something. She thought he would get mad at her. However, Michael’s face didn’t show any anger. Suddenly, he interrupted the silence by giving her a hug. Paula was completely shocked by Michael’s reaction to the situation. After all, she lost the ring he gave her to celebrate their anniversary. Michael told Paula that he would buy her another ring, exactly like the one she lost. Paula felt greatly moved.
【解析】
【详解】【分析】本文以丢失戒指为线索展开，讲述了一位55岁的女士Paula在打扫卫生间时不慎将戒指丢失的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她轻轻地敲他们卧室的门。”可知，第一段可描写Paula走进他们卧室，向丈夫解释她丢失戒指的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“在Paula向丈夫解释她丢失戒指的经过后，她擦去泪水，等待丈夫Michael说点什么。”可知，第二段可描写Michael对这件事情的反应。
2.续写线索：
敲门进卧室——解释——等待反应——重新买一个——感动
3.词汇激活
行类
①轻敲：softly knock on / lightly knock at
②.使平静下来：cool down/ calm down
③.生气：show any anger /become angry
情绪类
①.感到吃惊： be completely shocked by /be very surprised at
②.感动的： moved/ touched
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. With her eyes looking away from embarrassment, Paula cried and told her husband the ring was flushed down the toilet.（With的复合结构作状语）
[高分句型2]. Paula had mentally prepared herself for what could possibly be the toughest conversation with her husband ever.（what引导的宾语从句）
山东师大附中2019级2021-2022学年秋季开学考试
英语学科试题
本试卷分Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ两部分，共 10 页，满分为150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 第Ⅱ卷必须用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其他笔。
第I卷 （共95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节 ( 共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分 )
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man most probably doing?
A. Carrying a box. B. Writing a book. C. Studying.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The long flights the team took.
B. The seasonal result of the team.
C. The number of the games the team played.
3. How many people will be employed?
A. 8. B. 16. C. 30.
4. What did they plan to do together?
A. Watch a football game. B. Buy a mobile phone. C. See a film.
5. What does the man dislike?
A. Traveling. B. Smoking. C. Flying.
第二节 ( 共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分 )
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What did the man do wrong?
A. He drove too fast.
B. He didn't drive straight.
C. He turned to the wrong direction.
7. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. To ask a policeman for help.
B. To drive back right now.
C. To turn right at once.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What did the man think of collecting stamps?
A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Amazing.
9. How did the woman get stamps?
A. From her friends.
B. From post offices.
C. From other collectors.
10. What does the woman collect now?
A. Foreign stamps only.
B. All beautiful stamps.
C. Stamps on one topic.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What do we know about the weather last night?
A. It rained heavily.
B. It was a snowy night.
C. There was only a gentle wind.
12. What was the weather like this spring?
A. It snowed very heavily.
B. It rained quite a lot.
C. It hardly rained.
13. What will they do after the conversation?
A. Go back home.
B. Do some cleaning.
C. Go for a walk in the park.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. Where does the dialogue take place?
A. In the street. B. In a restaurant. C. At their home.
15. What food do the two speakers like?
A. French food. B. Chinese food. C. American food.
16. When did the woman stay in China?
A. Two months ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago.
17. Where is the hotpot restaurant?
A. It is near the World Trade Center.
B. It is near the central supermarket.
C. It is near the Science Museum.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What are the students encouraged to do before graduating?
A. Get high marks.
B. Help one poor student.
C. Do some volunteer work.
19. Who are needed for the program “One on One”?
A. College teachers.
B. Excellent high school students.
C. Students majoring in math or chemistry.
20. What is the purpose of taking part in the program?
A. To gain some experience.
B. To make some pocket money.
C. To make some friends.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Have you ever had trouble choosing suitable books for your children? Here we introduce three books that will make your children look forward to bedtime.
Alone
One day Maddie decides to stay at her grandparents’ empty apartment alone without telling her parents. However, an unexpected middle-of-the-night evacuation (撤离) leaves her completely alone in Colorado town, without power or any way to communicate with her loved ones. With only the neighbor’s dog by her side, Maddie spends the next three years fighting against bad weather, hunger, wild dogs and loneliness. (Ages 10-up)
Time for Kenny
It describes a day in a kid’s life. Painted in the artist’s characteristically loose, rounded line, brown-skinned Kenny is first seen playing thoughtfully with a large toy bus. “It’s time for Kenny to get dressed for the day,” the narrator announces. Can Kenny wear his father’s shirt or his mother’s shoes? No. His parents smile as he tries them on, and admire him once he’s properly dresses. Such a small, everyday event conveys that Kenny is an innocent child cherished by his family. (Ages 4-up)
The Animal Rescue Agency #1: Case File: Little Claws
In the story, Esquire, a fox, and Mr. Pepper, an elderly rooster, set out to save Little Claws，a young polar bear. Because a villainous (邪恶的) fur-wearing animal dealer planned to sell the baby bear to a Florida zoo. Living up to their motto — “To each animal, it has the right to live its natural life”, the team prevented the dealer’s plan and took the risk of setting all the Arctic animals in a house free. It provides a light-hearted read with environmental conservation at its core. (Ages 8-12)
1. What has Maddie struggled with in the Colorado town for three years?
A. Caring for her dog.
B. Surviving on her own.
C. Hiding from her parents.
D. Rescuing people in need.
2. What kind of kid is Kenny?
A. He is the apple of his family’s eye.
B. He is a child with many ideas.
C. He has a good sense of humor.
D. He often upsets his parents.
3. Which of the following can best describe Esquire and Mr. Pepper?
A. Funny and clever.
B. Honest and sincere.
C. Kind and courageous.
D. Confident and cautious.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三本适合儿童睡前阅读的书籍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Alone中“With only the neighbor’s dog by her side, Maddie spends the next three years fighting against bad weather, hunger, wild dogs and loneliness.( 在邻居的狗的陪伴下，Maddie在接下来的三年里与恶劣天气、饥饿、野狗和孤独作斗争。)”可知，Maddie在科罗拉多镇挣扎着独自生存了三年。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Time for Kenny中最后一句“Such a small, everyday event conveys that Kenny is an innocent child cherished by his family.( 这样一个小小的日常事件表明Kenny是一个被家人珍视的天真的孩子。)”可知，Kenny是全家的掌上明珠。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the story, Esquire, a fox, and Mr. Pepper, an elderly rooster, set out to save Little Claws，a young polar bear.( 故事中，狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生出发去救小北极熊Little Claws。”可知，因为狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生出发去救小北极熊Little Claws，所以狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper善良；再结合“the team prevented the dealer’s plan and took the risk of setting all the Arctic animals in a house free. (该小组阻止了经销商的计划，冒着风险把所有被关在放在一间房子里北极动物释放。)”可知，狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生冒险救了被关北极动物，所以它们是勇敢的；由此可知，狐狸Esquire和老公鸡Pepper先生既善良又勇敢。故选C。
B
I had just delivered a memorable speech, and I was about to learn how the judges decided my performance. The audience leaned forward and a period of silence fell across the room. I felt the drum rolled in my heart.
The third-place winner was announced. The name was not mine. Then the second-place winner, still not me. At last, the moment of truth came. I was about to either enjoy the warmth of victory or regret the months’ preparation. My heart felt closer to the latter.
Losing is a part of life, and I have dealt with it on more than one occasion. However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group. After Lincoln lost the 1858 Illinois Senate race, he said, “I felt like the 12-year-old boy who kicked his toe. I was too big to cry and it hurt too bad to laugh.” Oh yeah, I could relate.
I had spent many hours in front of a computer and in libraries doing research for the Lincoln Bicentennial Speech Contest. After not placing in the first year of the contest, I really wanted to compete again. Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest! I reworked my speech for the following year, but again I did not place.
I couldn’t accept the fact that I failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.
4. How did the author feel after finishing his speech?
A. Delighted. B. Annoyed. C. Thrilled. D. Nervous.
5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. He was regretful about his not being fully prepared.
B. He felt upset for getting up early on a chilly morning.
C. He once kicked and hurt his toe when he was 12 years old.
D. He turned out to be the last one of his group in the contest.
6. Why did the author decide to enter the second contest?
A. He was eager to prove himself to be the best contestant.
B. He was inspired by the never-give-up spirit of Lincoln.
C. He was willing to enjoy the warmth and joy of victory.
D. He was determined to win the prize money and praise.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A memorable hero in my life B. Never mind others’ judgments
C. Losing is an indescribable feeling D. Stand up from where we tripped over
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加演讲比赛失败了，但在林肯的鼓舞下，决定参加第二届比赛，虽然还是没有得到好的名次，但是通过学习关于林肯的故事，作者发现自己可以成功地失败。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I felt the drum rolled in my heart.(我感到心里在打鼓)”可知，作者结束演讲后感觉紧张。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group.(然而，这是一种难以形容的感觉，开了200英里的往返路程，在一个寒冷的周六早晨起得很早，但仍然在四名参赛者中名列第四)”可推知，结果他是他组的最后一名。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest!(林肯失败过很多次，但他从不让失败打败他的精神和雄心，所以我不会放弃第二次比赛！)”可知，作者决定参加第二届比赛是因为他被林肯永不放弃的精神所鼓舞。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I couldn’t accept the fact that I failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.(我无法接受在我如此努力的事情上失败了两次的事实，直到我想到了我的英雄。尽管失去了奖金和赞扬，但通过学习关于林肯的故事，我发现我可以成功地失败)”结合文章主要讲述了作者参加演讲比赛失败了，但在林肯的鼓舞下，决定参加第二届比赛，虽然还是没有得到好的名次，但是通过学习关于林肯的故事，作者发现自己可以成功地失败。可知，D选项“从我们绊倒的地方站起来”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
In November 2020, US climber Emily Harrington, 34, took on EI Captain—a 3,000 foot (917 meters) rock formation (岩层) in Yosemite National Park, US. She accomplished her feat (壮举) within a day and became the first woman to free-climb the Golden Gate route.
It used to take weeks for rock climbers to reach the top of EI Captain, even with the help of a partner and climbing aids. In recent years, only three people—all me—had free-climbed the Golden Gate route on EI Captain in under 24 hours, according to CNN.
The number of female climbers has been rising in recent years. Even in the pandemic, many of them have made great achievements and pushed human limits. “I had never expected to earn my place to a Yosemite climber. But throughout this experience I have learned that there is no formula to achievement up there,” she said.
The rising number of female climbing enthusiasts should come as no surprise. According to the website Climbing.com, “Climbing is one of the few sports where it’s possible to level the playing field. Women’s superior strength-to-weight ratio (比例）helps offset (弥补) anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes.”
Legendary Austrian climber Angela Eiter is another strong female figure in the climbing world. In 2020 Eiter made news as she climbed the unknown face she calls Madame Ching in her home country.
According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Eiter had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself. Worse still, the rock there is really fragile and some holds had to be fixed with glue. But after intensive indoor training to visualize the route and build up the strength, Eiter, who stands 154cm high and weighs 46kg, made it.
“I am not the strongest woman and I am very small, and I am happy that I can show other women that they can also do it,” she told the reporter.
8. What did Emily Harrington accomplish?
A. She reached the top of EI Captain in less than a day.
B. She free-climbed the Golden Gate route within weeks.
C. She was the first person to take on EI Captain successfully.
D. She free-climbed the Golden Gate route without climbing aids.
9. What does the underlined phrase “level the playing field” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Give a sense of belonging.
B. Give someone an advantage.
C. Make a situation more balanced.
D. Allow someone to prove themselves.
10. What difficulty did Angela Eiter meet with when climbing Madame Ching?
A. There were no holds to use.
B. There were no beaten path to follow.
C. There was a lack of necessities like glue.
D. Her prediction about the route was wrong.
11. What can we learn from Harrington and Eiter?
A. Always battle others.
B. Find where you belong.
C. Work hard to be a role model.
D. Be brave and pursue your goal.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了杰出女性攀岩者艾米丽·哈林顿成功攀爬3000英尺岩层，创造纪录的故事，并借此引申报道了女性近年来在攀岩运动中的亮眼成就。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章首段的介绍“In November 2020, US climber Emily Harrington, 34, took on El Capitan--a 3000 foot(917 meters) rock formation(岩层) in Yosemite National Park, US. She accomplished her feat(壮举) within a day and became the first woman to free-climb the Golden Gate route（2020年11月，34岁的美国攀岩者艾米丽·哈林顿登顶了酋长巨石——美国约塞米蒂国家公园的一个3000英尺高，约合917米的岩层。她在一天之内完成了这一壮举并成为第一个徒手攀爬金门路线的女性徒手攀岩者）”可知，她在一天之内就登顶了酋长巨石，A选项符合原文，故选择A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“Women’s superior strength-to-weight ratio (比例）helps offset (弥补) anything we may lack in power or reach, bridging the gap between the sexes（女性优越的力量与体重比有助于抵消我们身体力量上的不足，弥合了两性之间的差别）”结合句中的offset (弥补)及bridging可知，上文表达的是，攀岩这项活动是少数能够让男女公平竞争的运动之一，A. Give a sense of belonging.感觉到归属感；B. Give someone an advantage.给某人一个优势；C. Make a situation more balanced.使情况能够平衡；D. Allow someone to prove themselves.让某人能证明自己。C项“Make a situation more balanced.使情况能够平衡”与“level the playing field创造公平竞争的环境”意思相近，故选择C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段首句中“According to New York Post, the route was free of traces. That means Eiter had to search for the holds and predict how the moves were going to play out by herself . （根据纽约邮报报道，这一路上没有前人探索出来的路径。也就是意味了Eiter必须自己寻找支撑点，并预测这些行动将如何进行）”可知， Eiter面临的困难是无迹可寻。故选择B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。本题要求得出我们可以从这两位主人公身上学到什么，实质上是要求判断两位主人公的品质。纵观全文，Harrington和Eiter的身份都是female climbers（女性攀岩者），且文中使用了great（伟大的）和legendary（传奇的）等词进行修饰，攀岩运动是一项极限运动，作为杰出的现代女性，对其发起挑战，这体现了她们的勇敢（brave）；同时，文中分别讲述了她们经过长时间的练习和准备，对高难度岩层发起挑战，并取得成功的故事，且全文最后一句“Women have decided to follow their hearts.”（女性决定依心而行），表明她们会追逐心中的目标（pursue your goal），综上，故选择D项。
D
AI, 5G, cloud computing and other digital technologies are not only changing our lives but shaping the economy as well.
China’s six major commercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts to provide new drive for the e-CNY (数字人民币) trials in the country, as reported by Shanghai Securities News on March 23.
“The functions and properties of the-CNY are exactly the same as those of the paper currency, except that the form is digital,” said Mu Changchun, head of the People’s Bank of China’s Digital Currency Research Institute.
Many people are puzzled by e-CNY and electronic payments. “Digital currency has the characteristics of both paper money and electronic payment,” said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. “In theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.”
Compared with Alipay and WeChat payments, e-CNY features anonymity (匿名性) and security. E-commerce platforms that accept payments via e-CNY will not have access to user’s personal information. E-CNY users can open an anonymous digital wallet by registering a mobile phone number, and telecom operators cannot disclose (泄露) customer information to the central bank or any third-party institutions. Mu noted that e-CNY user’s privacy protection is at the highest level among all the existing payment tools.
Similar to Alipay and WeChat payments, using e-CNY requires an account. After obtaining the other party’s account number, users can enter the amount of digital money to transfer (转钱) and then enter the payment password to complete the transaction (交易). However, the process behind these transfers are different. For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferred money only when they withdraw money from banks. But e-CNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to complete a transaction. Therefore, it guarantees risk-free payments, according to Wu.
In simple terms, e-CNY can be considered “money”, while electronic payments are like “wallets”.
12. What can we know about e-CNY?
A. It is issued by six major commercial banks.
B. It combines paper money and electronic payment.
C. It is designed to replace Alipay and WeChat payments.
D. It has exactly the same function as other payment tools.
13. How does e-CNY protect user’s privacy?
A. By limiting access to personal information.
B. By storing personal data in the central bank.
C. By opening a unique digital wallet for each user.
D. By linking telecom operators to a mobile phone number.
14. What can be concluded from Paragraph 6?
A. E-NCY transfers require to go through a third party.
B. E-NCY is more convenient than other electronic payments.
C. E-NCY can be transferred without the receiver’s information.
D E-NCY and electronic payments ensure security in the same way.
15. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To promote the use of e-NCY.
B. To inform readers of digital RMB.
C. To compare different types of payments.
D. To describe the impact of digital technologies.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。人工智能、5G、云计算和其他数字技术不仅在改变我们的生活，也在塑造经济。由此讲述了e-CNY（数字人民币）的功能，性质和特点等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Many people are puzzled by e-CNY and electronic payments. “Digital currency has the characteristics of both paper money and electronic payment,” said Wu Qianhong, a professor at the School Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University. “In theory, digital currency can replace paper money, Alipay and WeChat payments.（很多人对e-CNY和电子支付感到困惑。北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院教授吴倩红表示：“数字货币兼具纸币和电子支付的特点。”“从理论上讲，数字货币可以取代纸币、支付宝和微信支付。”）”由此可知 e-CNY结合了纸币和电子支付。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Compared with Alipay and WeChat payments, e-CNY features anonymity (匿名性) and security. E-commerce platforms that accept payments via e-CNY will not have access to user’s personal information. （与支付宝和微信支付相比，e-CNY具有匿名性和安全性。接受e-CNY支付的电子商务平台不会获取用户的个人信息）”由此可知通过限制获取用户的个人信息来保护e-CNY使用者的隐私，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“For electronic payments, the transfer has to go through a third party, and the receivers will get the transferred money only when they withdraw money from banks. But e-CNY transfers only need a payer and a receiver to complete a transaction. Therefore, it guarantees risk-free payments, according to Wu.（如果采用电子支付方式，则需要通过第三方进行转账，接收者从银行取钱时才能得到转账的资金。但是e-CNY转账只需要一个支付者和一个接收者来完成交易。因此，它保证了无风险支付。）”这样，e-CNY要比其他支付方式方便并且无风险。由此可推断，e-CNY比其他电子支付方式更方便，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“China’s six major commercial banks are stepping up digital wallet efforts to provide new drive for the e-CNY (数字人民币) trials in the country, as reported by Shanghai Securities News on March 23. （据《上海证券报》3月23日报道，我国六大商业银行正在加大电子钱包的力度，为国内试点人民币提供新的动力。）”以及下文对e-CNY (数字人民币)功能、性质和特点等的介绍，可知本篇文章目的就是要告诉读者关于e-CNY (数字人民币)的相关信息，故选B。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force. ___16___. These tests can help evaluate how a person thinks and best understand what areas of interest a person may want to go after.
___17___. They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiple-choice or true/false questions. These are often used so that the results of the test can be determined through computer analysis of answers. Take 123 Career Test for an example. 123 Career Test is a five-to-ten minute assessment of your career personality. You look at pictures of people who are doing work-related task and choose “yes” or “no” in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task. ___18___, the computer will soon tell you what work environments and occupations best suit your career personality.
123 Career Test shows how wonderful career aptitude test can be. You may now be eager to try one. ___19___.
Some career aptitude tests may only focus on analyzing the types of skills or strengths and weaknesses a person may have. The results of such tests may not always match what a person wants to do. Someone could be very strong at critical thinking and analysis, which may indicate he or she has an aptitude for becoming a scientist. If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue. ___20___.
A. It is relatively easy to carry out
B. It indicates what tests are more suitable for them
C. It determines what career might be the best choice for them
D. After you finish the tasks related to choosing “yes” or “no”
E. But before you do that, there’s something you’d better know
F. The results only show a career which he or she may be good at
G. There are many ways in which a career aptitude test can be prepared
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了职业能力测试方式，以及测试结果的参考价值。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force.（职业能力测试通常被用来帮助那些有兴趣进入职场的人）”可知，本段主要讲述的是职业能力测试的用途，C选项“它决定了什么职业可能是他们的最佳选择”选项中的it指代的就是上文中的“A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test”，符合题意，故选择C项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiple-choice or true/false questions.（它们通常会由许多多项选择题或者是判断正误题的问题组成）”可知，这里说的是测试题的表现形式，G项“职业能力测试的呈现方式有很多”符合题意，故选择G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“You look at pictures of people who are doing work-related task, and choose “yes” or “no” in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task.（你看那些正在做与工作相关的任务的照片，然后回答是或者不是，来判断你是否能够看到自己在享受这项任务）”可知，这里说的是123职业测试的方式，D项“在你完成了选择是还是否的相关任务后”由after引导承接上文内容，符合题意，其中“yes” or “no”与上文一致，故选择D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“You may now be eager to try one.（你现在可能就想去试一下）”可知，说的是想去进行职业能力测试，E项“但是在你去做之前，有一些事情你最好了解”中的But表示转折关系，承接上文的想要去做测试，并引出下文，说明做之前还有一些事情要了解，句中“that”指的就是上文提到的“去试一下”，故选择E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue.（然而，如果这个人对科学没有特别的兴趣，那么这种测试的结果并不一定表明他或者是她可以从事什么职业）”可知，这里说的是有关职业测试结果的内容，F项“结果就只能表明他或者是她可能擅长的职业”，“the results”以及“he or she”是上文内容的复现，符合题意，故选择F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company. Each one was ___21___ separately by a committee of three people. Each applicant ___22___ the questions and tried their best to ___23___ the interviewers.
However, one ___24___ proved to be set them apart, which was, “What is the ___25___ of being yourself?”
The first one said:“Be spontaneous (自发的) and don’t ___26___ as people expect you to.”The second one said:“Show your ___27___ to reflect your strong personality.”
The third person presented the following insight: “Be honest and don’t ___28___ in order to impress people.”
The committee wasn’t ___29___ with their answers and decided to invite five other ___30___ to interview for the job.
___31___, the committee asked a simple question that ___32___ the candidates’ way of thinking. The phrase “be yourself” seems to carry a(n) ___33___ meaning, but how one ___34___ it can reveal a lot about him or her.
This expression encourages people to ignore outside influences and think ___35___. Only by doing so can we define our ambitions, address our weaknesses and achieve our goals in our own way.
21. A. recommended B. interviewed C. informed D. received
22. A. answered B. raised C. chose D. predicted
23. A. impress B. greet C. attract D. please
24. A. incident B. action C. choice D. question
25. A. benefit B. purpose C. meaning D. result
26. A. work B. complain C. refuse D. behave
27. A. kindness B. confidence C. responsibility D. honesty
28. A. change B. lie C. praise D. challenge
29. A. annoyed B. delighted C. relieved D. content
30. A. interviewers B. employees C. applicants D. officials
31. A. In turn B. In return C. In truth D. In total
32. A. improves B. reflects C. determines D. includes
33. A. important B. familiar C. shallow D. different
34. A. believes B. practices C. accepts D. explains
35. A. carefully B. independently C. positively D. deeply
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要通过讲述三个应聘者的故事，来阐明“做自己”的真正意义。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三位面试者单独由三位成员组成的委员会来进行面试。A. recommended推荐；B. interviewed面试；C. informed通知；D. received收到。根据上文“Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company.（三名申请人正在一家大公司面试人力资源经理的工作）”可知，三个人是在接受面试，故选择B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个申请人都会回答一些问题，并尽力给面试官留下深刻印象。A. answered回答；B. raised举起；C. chose选择；D. predicted预测。根据上文中的“interviewing”及下文中的“questions”可知，是在面试过程中回答问题，故选择A项。
【23题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：同上。A. impress给…深刻印象；B. greet问候；C. attract吸引；D. please使…高兴。根据上文“Three applicants were interviewing for the job of human resource manager at a big company.（三名申请人正在一家大公司面试人力资源经理的工作）”可知，说的是申请者尽可能给面试官留下深刻印象，impress“给…深刻印象”符合句意，故选择A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个问题把他们区分开来，问题是“做自己的意义是什么？”A. incident事件；B. action行动；C. choice选择；D. question问题。根据上文“ Each applicant answered the questions（每个申请人都要回答一些问题）”可知，这里说的是其中的一个问题，故选择D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. benefit利益；B. purpose目的；C. meaning意义；D. result结果。根据下文申请人的回答“The first one said:“Be spontaneous (自发的) and don’t behave as people expect you to.”（第一个申请人回答说，要自发的，而不是像人们期望的那样去表现）”可知，上文问的是做自己的意义，故选择C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一个申请人回答说，要自发的，而不是像人们期望的那样去表现。A. work工作；B. complain抱怨；C. refuse拒绝；D. behave表现。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”可知，这里回答的是做自己就是要自发的，不是像别人期望的那样去表现，故选择D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个人回答：“展示你的自信，来反应你强烈的个性。”A. kindness仁慈，善行；B. confidence自信；C. responsibility责任；D. honesty诚实。根据上文“being yourself（做自己）”及下文“reflect your strong personality（反应你强烈的个性）”可知，这里说的是展示自信，故选择B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个人陈述了他的领悟：“要诚实，不要为了给别人留下深刻印象而撒谎。”A. change改变；B. lie撒谎；C. praise赞美；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Be honest（要诚实）”可知，下文说的是不要撒谎，故选择B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：委员会对于他们的答案并不满意，并决定邀请其他的申请者来面试这份工作。A. annoyed生气的；B. delighted高兴的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. content满意的。根据下文“decided to invite five other applicants to interview for the job.（决定邀请其他的申请者来面试这份工作）”可知，委员会对于这三位申请人的回答是不满意的，故选择D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interviewers面试者；B. employees雇员；C. applicants申请人；D. officials官员。根据上文“The committee wasn’t content with their answers（委员会对于他们的回答并不满意）”可知，要邀请其他的申请人来面试，故选择C项。
【31题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，委员会提出了一个反应候选人思维方式的简单问题。A. In turn依次；B. In return作为回报； C. In truth事实上；D. In total总计。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”可知，这实际上是一个反应人的思维方式的问题，In truth“事实上”符合句意，故选择C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. improves改善；B. reflects反应；C. determines决心；D. includes包括。根据下文“The phrase “be yourself” seems to carry a shallow meaning, but how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（短语“做自己”似乎意义浅显，但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示出许多关于他或者是她的事情）”可知，这个问题可以反应候选人的思维方式，故选择B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意短语“做自己”似乎意义浅显，但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示处许多关于他或者是她的事情：A. important重要的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. shallow浅显的；D. different不同的。根据下文“but how one explains it can reveal a lot about him or her.（但一个人如何解释它却可以揭示处许多关于他或者是她的事情）”结合句中“but”转折可知，上文应该说的是意义浅显，但可以反应出很多事情，故选择C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. believes相信；B. practices练习；C. accepts接受；D. explains解释。根据上文的问题“What is the meaning of being yourself?（做自己的意义是什么）”及三个申请人的回答可知，这里说的是一个人对于“做自己”的理解，explains“解释”符合句意，故选择D项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个表达主要是鼓励人们忽视外部的影响，独立思考。A. carefully小心地；B. independently独立地；C. positively积极地；D. deeply深深地。根据上文“ ignore outside influences（忽视外部影响）”可知，这里说的是要独立思考，故选择B项。
第Ⅱ卷 (共 55 分)
第三部分 英语知识运用
第二节 语篇填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
___36___ (doubt), Earth is becoming warmer and there is strong evidence of ___37___ causes the dramatic change in the global climate. Actually, the “greenhouse effect” is ___38___ (blame). The rise in temperature has ___39___ (lead) to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only ___40___ (cause) serious damage, but also costing human lives. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, governments need to consider making policies and ___41___ (take) appropriate actions and measures while we as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyle produce.
China ___42___ (make) great progress in space programme in recent years, including Yang Liwei’s successfully orbiting Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft in 2003 and Chang’e 4’s exploring the surface of the far side of the moon to make ___43___ (measure) and observations.
The future of space exploration remains bright. ___44___ the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enables us ____45____ (understand) how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.
【答案】36. Undoubtedly
37. what 38. to blame
39. led 40. causing
41. taking 42. has made
43. measurements
44. Despite
45. to understand
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。以及近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，有强有力的证据表明是什么导致了全球气候的剧烈变化。修饰后文整个句子应用副词，表示“毫无疑问”应用undoubtedly，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Undoubtedly。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，有强有力的证据表明是什么导致了全球气候的剧烈变化。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”应用what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：事实上，“温室效应”是罪魁祸首。结合句意表示“应被责备”可知短语为be to blame。故填to blame。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。根据上文“The rise in temperature has”可知为现在完成时，空处应用过去分词。故填led。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语extreme weather and natural disasters构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填causing。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减少温室气体排放，政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施，而我们作为个人也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。结合句意表示“考虑做某事”可知短语为consider doing sth.。故填taking。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。根据后文“in recent years”可知应用现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has made。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。空处作宾语，表示“测量”应用名词measurement，结合后文observations可知应用复数。故填measurements。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存下去。结合句意表示“尽管”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Despite。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存下去。结合句意表示“使某人能做某事”短语为enable sb. to do sth.。故填to understand。
第四部分 写作
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，正就读于英国某所高中，你受邀将在学校文化节期间发言。请给活动负责人Michael写一封邮件, 内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 告知发言内容；
3. 说明理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右（称呼和落款已给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Michael,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Michael,
Thanks for asking me to make a speech during the school cultural festival. And I’m writing to tell you about my plan. I’d like to speak about traditional Chinese festivals and how Chinese people celebrate them. As is known, traditional Chinese culture is becoming more and more popular in the world. As the important part of it, traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration have been attracting more foreigners.
I hope my speech can help more people have a better understanding of Chinese culture. I’m looking forward to the school cultural festival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作，你受邀在即将到来的学校文化节上发言，要求给活动负责人Michael写一封信（邮件），对邀请表示感谢，并告知发言内容和说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
众所周知：as we all know→as is known
吸引：appeal→attract
对……有更好的理解：understand…better→have a better understanding of
期待：expect→look forward to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As the important part of it, traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration have been attracting more foreigners.
拓展句：Traditional Chinese festivals and their ways of celebration, which are the important part of traditional Chinese culture, have been attracting more foreigners.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As is known, traditional Chinese culture is becoming more and more popular in the world.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，as is known“众所周知”)
[高分句型2] I hope my speech can help more people have a better understanding of Chinese culture.(I hope+that引导的宾语从句，此处省略了连接词that)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Paula is a 55-year-old woman living in New Jersey. She lives a happy life without concern for financial or social problems and she constantly shares laughs with her family and friends. About ten years ago, her husband Michael gave her a gold ring with a diamond in it on their 20th wedding anniversary. She cherished it very much and wore it every day.
Having been married for almost 30 years, Paula had everything set for herself, and knew that her life in New Jersey was a thrilling one. One day, Paula was in the bathroom cleaning everything up, from the sink to the floor. She wanted to keep her house clean and beautiful. As soon as Paula finished washing the bathtub, she moved on to the part she feared most: the toilet. Wanting to get it out of the way, she quickly cleaned the inside of the toilet with a brush, and flushed (冲走) the soap away. After finishing, she felt there was something wrong, but she couldn’t think of what it was.
Paula’s heart skipped a beat when she noticed that her left ring finger felt a bit lighter. She slowly looked down at her ring finger, hoping that her treasured anniversary gift was still on it. She was frightened to see that it was lost. She didn’t notice that she flushed it down the toilet.
Paula said, “I must have flushed it down. It had been a little big on my finger, because it was winter time and my hands were smaller. I felt so bad about it. Sad and embarrassed.”
She couldn’t believe that she just let thousands of dollars go down the drain (下水道)，literally. She searched the bathroom and even the house, hoping that she just dropped it somewhere and forgot about it. She even took apart the toilet and searched the inside pipes with a flashlight, but in vain. Paula had no idea how to explain this to her husband. To buy the ring, Michael worked extra hard before the anniversary, so to tell him the bad news was unimaginable for Paula.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She softly knocked on the door to their bedroom.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After finishing her explanation, Paula wiped away her tears and waited for Michael to say something.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
She softly knocked on the door to their bedroom. When she came in, she saw Michael reading his favorite book on the bed. Visibly sweaty and nervous, Paula said that she had bad news to tell him. Michael was worried, but listened. With her eyes looking away from embarrassment, Paula cried and told her husband the ring was flushed down the toilet. Paula had mentally prepared herself for what could possibly be the toughest conversation with her husband ever. But Michael was quiet through the entire explanation, and this put Paula off.
Paragraph 2:
After finishing her explanation, Paula wiped away her tears and waited for Michael to say something. She thought he would get mad at her. However, Michael’s face didn’t show any anger. Suddenly, he interrupted the silence by giving her a hug. Paula was completely shocked by Michael’s reaction to the situation. After all, she lost the ring he gave her to celebrate their anniversary. Michael told Paula that he would buy her another ring, exactly like the one she lost. Paula felt greatly moved.
【解析】
【详解】【分析】本文以丢失戒指为线索展开，讲述了一位55岁的女士Paula在打扫卫生间时不慎将戒指丢失的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她轻轻地敲他们卧室的门。”可知，第一段可描写Paula走进他们卧室，向丈夫解释她丢失戒指的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“在Paula向丈夫解释她丢失戒指的经过后，她擦去泪水，等待丈夫Michael说点什么。”可知，第二段可描写Michael对这件事情的反应。
2.续写线索：
敲门进卧室——解释——等待反应——重新买一个——感动
3.词汇激活
行类
①轻敲：softly knock on / lightly knock at
②.使平静下来：cool down/ calm down
③.生气：show any anger /become angry
情绪类
①.感到吃惊： be completely shocked by /be very surprised at
②.感动的： moved/ touched
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. With her eyes looking away from embarrassment, Paula cried and told her husband the ring was flushed down the toilet.（With的复合结构作状语）
[高分句型2]. Paula had mentally prepared herself for what could possibly be the toughest conversation with her husband ever.（what引导的宾语从句）
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