北师大版高中英语一轮复习选择性必修第二册导学案+PPT课件

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UNIT 5　EDUCATION
基础回顾·自主排查
►核心词汇——写其形1．______________ vt. 启迪；指导，教导2．______________ adj. 引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的3．_______________adj. 固执的，执拗的；倔强的4．_______________adj. 极好的，卓越的5．_______________n. 视力6．_______________adj. 简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的7．_______________ n. 玩偶8．_______________ n. 水流9．________________n. 液体10．_______________adj. 宝贵的
enlighten　
troublesome　
stubborn　
superb
eyesight　
straightforward　
doll　
stream
liquid　
precious
►阅读词汇——知其意1．grasp vt. ______________2．vocabulary n. __________3．ray n. ________________4．abstract adj. ___________5．concept n. _____________6．breakthrough n. ________________7．necklace n. ________8．forehead n. _________9．vivid adj. ________________10．exceptionally adv. ___________exceptional adj. ________________
理解，领会
词汇量
(太阳或月亮的)光线
抽象的
概念；想法
突破；重大进展
项链
额，前额
生动的，逼真的
极其，非常
非常好的/罕见的
►拓展词汇——通其变1．initial adj. 最初的→________ adv.起初2．significance n．重要性，意义→________ adj. 重要的3．value n 价值 vt. 重视→________ vt. 评估，评价4．tend v. 走向，趋向→________ n. 倾向5．philosophy n. 哲学→___________ n. 哲学家6．gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的→________ adv. 逐渐的7．excite v. 使兴奋→________ n. 兴奋，激动8．bear v. 忍受，容忍→________ adj. 可忍受的；可容忍的→________ adj. 难以忍受的；承受不住的9．expand vi. & vt. (使)扩大；增加→________ n. 膨胀，扩张，扩大→________ n. 一大片，广阔，宽广10．analyse vt. 分析，剖析→________ n. 分析→_______ n. 分析师；分析者，化验员
initially　
significant　
evaluate　
tendency
philosopher　
gradually　
excitement
bearable　
unbearable　
expansion　
expanse
analysis　
analyst
►高频短语——记得牢1．________________ 人类2．________________ adv. 不管；不顾3．________________ adj. 多面的，全面的4．________________ 最后5．________________ 换句话说6．________________ 提出；将……提前7．________________ 以……为基础或根据8．________________ 总是；随时；永远
fellow man
regardless (of)
well-rounded
in conclusion
in other words
put forward
(be) based on
at all times
►典型句式——懂其用1．insist＋宾语从句Well, for example, the first great educational philosopher of modern times, Comenius, ___________ when teaching, the subject matter ________________ learners' interests...嗯，例如，现代第一位伟大的教育哲学家夸美纽斯坚持在教学时，要根据学习者的兴趣来调整教学内容……2．it作形式主语__________________ education match the learners' interests and meet their needs.使教育符合学习者的兴趣并满足他们的需要是重要的。
insisted that
should be adapted to
It's important to make
3．not...but...句型Well, I think it means that education is ______________ passing on knowledge and skills necessary for a future life, ____________ a rich experience of living while learning to use that knowledge and those skills to solve real­world problems.好吧，我认为这意味着教育不仅仅是传授未来生活所需的知识和技能，而是提供丰富的生活经 验，同时学会运用那些知识和技能解决现实世界的问题。4．That's why... 句型___________ students need to have clear learning goals for themselves and to learn how to analyse, compare and evaluate what is taught.这就是为什么学生需要有明确的学习目标，并学会如何分析、比较和评估所教的内容。
not simply about
but to provide
That's why
核心考点·互动探究
►第一版块|重点单词1．significance n．重要性，意义　be of great/much significance 重要的，有重大意义的be of no/little significance 无关紧要的have great/no significance (for...) (对……)很重要/不重要attach (great) significance to... (非常)重视……significant adj. 有重大意义的，显著的significantly adv. 显著地，明显地a highly significant discovery 有重大意义的发现It is significant that... ……很重要/很明显a significant achievement 重大成就change/increase/improve significantly 显著改变/增加/提高significantly better/greater 明显更好/更大be of significance＝be significant 有重大意义的
◎单句语法填空①I think his research on renewable (可再生的) energy sources is _____ great significance.②Most students think it ________ to join the English corner, though a few haven't realized the __________ of it. (significance)③Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a ________ (significant) greater sense of belonging, a bond with others.
of　
significant　
significance　
significantly
2．promote vt.促进，增进　promoter n．促进者，发起人promote sb. to... 将某人提升为……get promoted 得到晋升promote economic growth 促进经济增长promote peace 促进和平promote better communication and understanding 促进更好的沟通与理解fail to get promoted 没有得到晋升a meeting to promote trade between China and the UK 中英两国贸易促进会议
◎单句语法填空①I hear they've promoted Tom, but he didn't mention ________________ (promote) when we talked on the phone.②He got ________ (promote) for his significant contribution to the company.③The ________ (promote) marked a turning point in her career.◎完成句子④While waiting for the opportunity to ___________ (得到提升), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
having been promoted
promoted
promotion
get promoted
3.evaluate vt.评估，评价　evaluation n．评估，评价；估价evaluate the costs of... 评估……的成本evaluate one's ability 评估某人的能力evaluate the value/quality of... 评估……的价值/质量evaluate the service of the hotel 评价旅馆的服务an evaluation of the health care system 对医疗保健制度的评价◎单句语法填空①The effects of the drug on patients' behaviour are extremely difficult ________ (evaluate).②We need to carry out a proper ________ (evaluate) of the new system.◎完成句子③I can't _______________________ (评估那位制片人的能力) without seeing his work.
to evaluate
evaluation
evaluate the producer's ability
4．stress n．压力，紧张；强调；重音　vt.强调；重读reduce/relieve stress 减轻/缓解压力suffer from stress 承受压力deal with stress 应对压力lay/place/put stress on 强调；着重于under the stress of 为……所迫be under stress 处于压力之下stress sth. 强调……stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
◎单句语法填空①What I want ________ (stress) is that our group is looking for new members right now.②Unemployment and his wife's health put the philosopher ________ great stress.③This term, our English teacher lays great stress ____ composition and reading.④The English teacher stressed the importance ____ reading aloud.⑤I still intend to have fun when I have a career or else life would become too ________ (stress).
to stress
under　
on　
of　
stressful
5．restriction n．限制，规定，约束　restrict vt.限制，约束　restricted adj.受限制的；有限的　restrictive adj.限制性的；约束的remove restrictions 解除限制relax restrictions 放宽限制without restriction 没有限制地restrict oneself to 限制自己be restricted to 局限于……
◎单句语法填空①We should place a ________ (restrict) on the speed of cars.②On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted ____ dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.③The tournament is ________ (restrict) to players under the age of 23.④The school restricts the number of students per class ____ 50.⑤Membership of the club is ________ (restrict) to women only.
restriction
to　
restricted
to　
restricted
6．unbearable adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的unbearably adv. 难以忍受地；承受不住地bearable adj. 可忍受的；支持得住的bear v. 忍受，承受；经得起can't bear to do sth. 不能忍受做某事can't bear (sb.) doing sth. 不能忍受(某人)做某事◎单句语法填空①I would rather live without these ________ (bear) tensions.②He can't bear people ________ (smoke) while he is eating.③To tell you the truth, I really ________________ (觉得……难以忍受) to work with such a terrible man who has no sympathy at all.
unbearable　
smoking　
find it unbearable
7.behaviour n．行为；举止；态度(＝behavior)　behave vi.表现vi.&vt.表现得体；有礼貌good/bad behaviour 良好/恶劣行为social behaviour 社会行为one's behaviour towards... 某人对待……的态度behaviour problems 行为问题change one's behaviour 改变某人的行为influence one's behaviour 影响某人的行为
◎单句语法填空①Knowing these causes can make us examine our ________ (behave) and correct bad habits.②Multiple genes behaved ________ (different), relying on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.③I saw that Mrs Fairfax approved of my humorous ________ (behave), and I knew that she respected me for it.④Parents should educate their children to behave _____ (good).
behaviour　
differently　
behaviour　
well
8.relate vi.理解；相联系；认同　vt.&vi.(使)有联系a related issue/question 相关的议题/问题a stress­related illness 压力导致的疾病(be) related to 与……有关系(be) closely/strongly related to 与……密切相关(be) directly related to 与……有直接关系be related to other products 与其他产品有关be related to the other members of this family 与这个家庭的其他成员相关in relation to 关于……；与……相比relatively speaking 相对来说
◎单句语法填空①I love technology and try to keep up with it, so I can relate _____ my students.②The study tries to relate the rise in crime ____ an increase in unemployment.③I can't relate him ___ the famous philosopher. He looks so ordinary.④The topic you choose must ________ (relate) to your studies.◎完成句子⑤Our product needs an image that people can _________ (理解).⑥The “new four great inventions”___________________ (与……相关) China's high­tech innovation.
to　
to　
to　
be related
relate to
are related to/relate to
9.excitement n．兴奋，激动　excite vt.使兴奋　excited adj.兴奋的　exciting adj.令人兴奋的to one's excitement 令某人兴奋的是in/with excitement 兴奋地a sense of excitement 兴奋感be full of/filled with excitement 满怀激动
◎单句语法填空①The news caused great ________ (excite) among her friends.②No wonder the children are ________ (excite)! This is the first time they've been abroad.③The end of the movie was much more ______(excite) than I'd expected.◎完成句子④He __________________________________ (满怀激动) when he heard the news that his son won the national scholarship.⑤___________________ (令他大为兴奋的是), his dream of becoming a musician has come true.
excitement　
excited　
exciting　
was full of excitement/was filled with excitement
Much to his excitement
10.gently adv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地　gentle adj.温柔的，温和的be gentle with 对……温柔a quiet and gentle man 一位温文尔雅的男士a gentle voice/laugh/touch 温柔的声音/笑声/触摸gentle nature/smile/music 温和的性情/温柔的微笑/柔和的音乐a gentle breeze 和风a little gentle exercise 少量温和的运动
◎单句语法填空①The waves ________ (gentle) lap against the shore.②She ______ (gentle) folded the baby in a blanket.③The professor patted the troublesome boy ______(gentle) and comforted him.④He is ________ (gentle) man I have ever encountered.⑤He slowly sat next to me and touched my face ______ (gentle), as a mother would stroke a baby.
gently　
gently　
gently　
the gentlest
gently
11．gain v．&n.　v．获得，赢得，取得；受益　n．[C]好处；利益[C，U]增加gain the/one's attention 赢得(某人的)关注gain independence 赢得独立gain experience 获得经验gain one's respect/trust 获得某人的尊重/信任gain (sth.) from/by 从……中获得(某物)gain a reputation 获得声望gain speed 加快速度gain time 赢得时间gain weight 体重增加，长胖
◎单句语法填空①There is nothing to be gained ______ delaying the decision.②The thieves _______ (gain) entrance through an upstairs window that was left open.◎完成句子③He _____________________ (获得了好名声) by helping some poor children have access to education in the remote area.④You will never ___________ (取得成功) unless you are fully devoted to your work.
from　
gained　
has gained a good reputation
gain success
12.expose　vt.使接触，使体验　vt.暴露，显露，露出；使面临，使遭受(危险或不快)　vt.揭露，揭穿expose...to... 使……遭受……，使……暴露于……；向……显露……be exposed to... 遭受……，暴露于……expose sb./sth. (as...) 揭露某人/某物(为……)expose sb./oneself to 使某人/自己暴露于……；使某人/自己接触……expose sb./sth.to sb./sth. 暴露某人/某事物给某人/某事物be exposed to... 暴露于……
◎单句语法填空①We should expose our children _____ difficult situations from time to time and such ________ (expose) will make them handle challenges better.◎完成句子②Don't ____________________ (把土豆暴露于阳光下). They will go green.③It's important for children to ________________ (接触名著).◎句型转换④If you expose yourself to sunlight for a long time, you will get sunburned.→__________sunlight for a long time, you will get sunburned.→______________ sunlight for a long time will make you sunburned.
to
exposure
expose potatoes to sunlight
be exposed to classics
Exposed to
Being exposed to
13．responsibility n．责任　responsible adj.有责任，负责　responsibly adv.认真负责地have responsibility for (doing) sth. 有(做)某事的责任take responsibility for (doing) sth. 承担(做)某事的责任take responsibility for what you said 对你说的话负责take full responsibility for the damage 对这次损失承担全部责任it's one's responsibility to do sth. 某人有责任做某事the responsibility to protect the earth 保护地球的责任a sense of responsibility 责任感
◎单句语法填空①They have responsibility _____ ensuring that the rules are carried out.②I do think we have the ____________ (responsible) to help the unfortunate out.③Parents need to inspire a sense of ____________ (responsible) in their children.◎完成句子④My intention is to convince him _______________________ (承担……的责任) his child's education.⑤居民有责任保持他们的房间、厨房和淋浴间干净整洁。Citizens _________________ keeping their rooms, kitchens and shower rooms clean and tidy.
for　
responsibility　
responsibility　
to take the responsibility for
are responsible for
14．demonstrate vt.展示；说明　　demonstrate how to do sth. 演示如何做某事demonstrate an ability to do sth. 展示做某事的能力demonstrate sth. with sth. 用……来演示某物demonstrate sth. to sb. 演示某物给某人看/向某人证明某事it is demonstrated that... 据证明……
◎单句语法填空①We were given a brief ____________ (demonstrate) of the computer's functions.②We want ____________ (demonstrate) our commitment to human rights.③It _____________________________ (demonstrate) that only by expanding our vocabulary can we improve our reading ability.
demonstration　
to demonstrate
is demonstrated/has been demonstrated
◎完成句子④_______________________ (已经证实) he can gain his objective by his own effort.⑤他们将演示如何操控现代化的高性能汽车。They'll demonstrate _______ handle modern, high performance cars.⑥你得向我们演示一下如何使用这台计算机。You have to _______________ how to grasp the use of the computer.
It has been demonstrated that
how to
demonstrate to us
15.finance n．金融；财政；资金　vt.为……提供资金　financial adj.财务的；财政的　financially adv.经济上地；财政地　　raise finance/money for 为……筹资national finance 国家财政the company's finances 公司财务状况personal finances 个人财务状况large finances 雄厚的资金gain more financial aid 获得更多助学金because of financial problems 因为财务问题lead to financial difficulties 导致财务困难relieve financial pressure 缓解财政压力
◎单句语法填空①His ________ (finance) were in bad shape after he lost his job.②The government ________ (finance) the construction of the road.③He lost a lot of money ____ the ________ (financially) crisis.④She is a ________ (finance) expert. It means that she is an expert in finance.⑤However, these plans were abandoned because of ________ (finance) problems.⑥The fact that college students are ________ (financial) dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.
finances　
finances　
in　
financial　
financial
financial　
financially
16．urge vt.强烈要求；敦促 n．冲动　urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的，迫切的　urgency n．紧急，紧迫，迫切urgent adj. 紧急的it is urgent that... ……是紧急的urgency n. 紧急an urgent matter 紧急的事情urgent action 紧急行动in urgent need of... 急需……a matter of great urgency 极为迫切的问题a sense of urgency 紧迫感
◎单句语法填空①The report urged that all children ______________ (teach) to swim.②I never felt an urge _______(learn) any sign language before.③Because of all this extra time, there was no sense of ________ (urgent) to do my school work immediately.④The father urges his daughter ____ (be) enthusiastic about what she is doing.⑤Under no circumstances can we ignore the ________ (urge) of protecting the environment.⑥I have a sudden urge ______(ring) him up.⑦Dr King's office responds to all emergencies and _______ (urge) calls.
(should) be taught
to learn
urgency
to be
urgency　
to ring　
urgent　
◎完成句子⑧My father urged that I _______________ (申请) a job rather than sit around doing nothing.⑨Parents should actively urge their children ________________ (利用) the opportunity to participate in the after­class activities.
(should) apply for
to take advantage of
17.assumption n．假定，假设　assume vt.认为；假设make assumptions/an assumption 作出假设be based on an assumption 基于假设Let us/Let's assume (that)... 咱们假设……It is reasonable to assume (that)... 认为……是有道理的。It is generally/usually assumed that... 普遍/通常认为……assuming (that)... 假定……
◎单句语法填空①My calculations were based on the ________ (assume) that house prices would remain stable.②Where unemployment and crime are high, it can ________ (assume) that the latter is due to the former.③The man assumed himself _______ a producer and cheated a lot of those who wanted to be actors and actresses.
assumption　
be assumed
to be/as
◎完成句子④We must _____________________ (假定他是清白的) until he is proved guilty.⑤We can ___________________ (假设) the girl was abandoned by her parents.⑥Let us ___________ (假定) one million people come to visit this city each year.⑦______________________ stress is caused by too much work.(普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。)
assume him to be innocent
make an assumption that
assume that
It is generally assumed that
18．routine n．惯例，常规；例行公事　adj.例行公事的；常规的　routinely adv.常规地，例行地routine tests 常规检查a routine job/life 平淡乏味的工作/生活break up a dull routine 打破沉闷的常规routine questions/tests 常规问题/检查daily routine 日常事务establish/break a routine 建立/打破常规a routine report 例行报告
◎单句语法填空①Visitors are ________ (routine) checked as they are entitled to enter the building.◎完成句子②When you want to break out of the comfort zone, first you _____________________ (不得不打破常规).③______________ (例行报告) is sent to our director every day.④The players had to ___________________ (改变他们的日常常规) and lifestyle.
routinely　
have to break the routine　
A routine report
change their daily routine
19．arrange v．排列，整理，布置；安排，筹备　arrangement n．安排，筹划arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事arrange for sth. 安排某事arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事make arrangements/an arrangement for 为……做好安排arrive at/come to an arrangement (with sb.) (与某人)谈妥，达成协议the wedding arrangements 婚礼安排an arrangement between the school and the parents 学校和家长的一项协议
◎单句语法填空①Have you arranged ________ (meet) him?②He arranged _____ me to search for a collection of rare stamps.③She was busy ________ (arrange) information when I came in.◎完成句子④The local government ________________________________ (已经安排人去调查) who will take responsibility for the case.
to meet
for　
arranging　
has arranged for someone to investigate
20.range n．山脉；一系列；范围，界限　v．(在一定的范围内)变化，变动；(按一定位置或顺序)排列a mountain range 山脉a range of services 一系列服务a wide/whole/full range of 各种各样的……the age/price range 年龄/价格范围in/within range of 在……的范围内out of/beyond range of 超出……的范围range from...to...＝range between...and... 在……范围内变化
◎单句语法填空①The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _______(range) from butterflies to elephants.◎完成句子②As a result, mankind developed _________ (一系列) character types that still exists today.③But our funds were limited, and none of the houses ________________ (在我们的价格范围内) seemed satisfactory.
ranging　
a range of
in our price range
21．affordable adj.买得起的，负担得起的　afford vt.买得起；抽得出(时间)；承担得起(后果)afford sth. 买得起某物afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事(的费用)；承担得起做某事afford time/money to do sth. 抽得出时间/出得起钱做某事
◎单句语法填空①We cannot afford a new car.＝We cannot afford ______ (buy) a new car.＝we cannot ______ (affordable) the money to buy a new car.②I just want an ________ (afford) place to live.③More and more people are able ________ (afford) to travel abroad.◎完成句子④我指导读者在买不起书的时候去当地图书馆。I enlighten readers to go to their local library when they can't ______________ a book. 
to buy
afford
affordable
to afford
afford to purchase
►第二版块|重点短语1. pass on传递pass on to 转交；传给，递给pass away 亡故；消失pass through 路过，经过pass by (从旁边)通过，经过
◎完成句子①他花了很长时间才把成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能传给她。It took him a long time to ___________ the skills that she needed to be an excellent dancer.②他们给我们传授宝贵经验来了。They have come to us to __________________________．③这项传统艺术形式一代又一代地传下来。The traditional art form has been ___________ from generation to generation.④我经过他房间的时候看到他正在画画。I saw him drawing when I _________________．
pass on to her
pass on their valuable experience
passed down
passed by his room
◎单句语法填空⑤That taught me a valuable lesson and I pass it on ___ the people who work in the market.⑥Folk music has been passed ______ from one generation to another.
to
down
2.connect...with...把……与……联系起来(抽象含义)connect...to/with/and... 把……与……连接起来(具体含义)in connection with 与……有关(或相关)have connection with 与……有联系◎单句语法填空①The breakdown of this computer was connected _____ some software.②We often connect his name _____ the significant invention.③Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a ________ (connect).④The computer is connected ____ the Internet.⑤He made a connection ________ the two wires.
with　
with　
connection
to　
between
3.tie in with...(指材料、事实)与……一致/有关tie sth. up 系住，拴住(船等)tie sb. up 捆绑某人tie oneself/sb. down to sth. 使自己/某人受……约束tie sth. on 系上，系牢tie up one's shoe­laces 系上鞋带tie one's hair into a bun 把头发挽成个髻tie on a label 系上标签tie a knot in a piece of rope 在绳子上打个结tie (sb.)/ (with sb.) for sth. 与(另一参赛者)得分相同
◎单句语法填空①We tied the boat _____ alongside the quay.②Children do tie you ______， don't they?③All these things tie in ________ what I am told.④The thieves left the night watchman _____ (tie) up and gagged.⑤This team is tied _____ that team for the first place.
up　
down　
with　
tied　
with
4．hold up举起，抬起；支撑，支持；耽搁，耽误；保持良好、强壮hold the line 别挂断，等会儿keep hold of... 抓住……不放get a hold of sth. 控制……get hold of sb. 找某人，联系某人hold up 举起，抬起；支撑，支持；耽搁，耽误；保持良好、强壮hold on 等一下；别挂电话；坚持；抓住hold back 阻挡；犹豫；抑制；隐瞒hold down 使保持低水平；压制；控制hold off 推迟；延迟；克服hold on to sth. 保留某物；抓住某物hold out 伸出；坚持hold over 搁置；推迟hold together (使)保持团结
◎完成句子①To show this, she ________ (举起) one doll, representing one person.◎单句语法填空②Hold ____ a minute! Isn't that your brother's superb car over there?③If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold _____ a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.
held up
on　
back
5．be eager to do...渴望做某事in one's eagerness to do sth. 渴望做某事，急于做某事with eagerness 热切地hide one's eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物eager crowds outside the stadium 体育场外急不可耐的人群
◎单句语法填空①Some of us were exceptionally confident and eager ______ (take) part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.②I wasn't able to hide my ________ (eager) when I asked，“What do you wish me to obtain now？”③We were eager ____ the game to start.④He is eager for ________(succeed).⑤He tried to hide his ________ (eager).⑥I have failed several times in my exams, so I'm ____ my eagerness to succeed in an exam.
to take
eagerness　
for　
success　
eagerness　
in
6.regardless (of)不管；不顾regard vt. 看作；认为；看待n. 注意；尊重；问候，致意(常用复数)regard sb./sth. as... 将某人/某物看作……in/with regard to sb./sth.＝as regards sb./sth.＝regarding sb./sth. 关于某人/某事in that/this regard 在这一点上；在这方面
◎单句语法填空①Our club is open to everyone regardless ____ age, sex or educational background.②In spite ____ being exposed to such bad surroundings, he has grown into a responsible man.③Despite ________ (apply) for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.④Stop regarding yourself ____ the victim.⑤Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________ (regard) as one of the best all­round forms of exercise.◎完成句子⑥We arrived at the station on time ________________________ (不管) the severe typhoon.
of　
of　
applying　
as　
is regarded
regardless of/in spite of/despite
7．be used to习惯于， to是介词be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做某事)(强调状态)become/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做某事)(强调动作)be used to taking regular exercise 习惯于经常锻炼I used to play football on the playground, but now I am used to reading in the library and the knowledge I get can be used to equip myself.我过去常常在操场上踢足球，但现在我习惯于在图书馆里看书，所获取的知识可以用来武装自己。
◎完成句子①我们过去认为昆虫是最小的生物，没有任何生物生活在六百米深的地方。We _________ think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters.②《早安英国》的苏珊娜·里德习惯每天早上在沙发上追问嘉宾……Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid __________grilling guests on the sofa every morning...③“这里曾经是市中心，”他说。“现在这个地区主要是办公楼和仓库。”“This ________ be the centre of town，”he said.“Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”④玉米的一个重要作用是用来喂鸡、猪、牛。A vital part of the corn _________ feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
used to
is used to
used to
is used to
8．put forward 提出put aside 不考虑；储存put away 把……收拾起来put on 穿上；上演put down 放下；写下；镇压put out 熄灭；扑灭put up 举起；建起；张贴put up with 忍受；容忍put off 推迟，延期
◎单句语法填空①Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put ________ almost every word her teacher says.②We will put _____ the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.③The workers will go on strike if the demands they put ________ are turned down.④To make your argument more convinced, you should put ________ more supporting information.
down　
off　
forward　
forward　
◎完成句子⑤John Snow __________________ (提出一个建议) that people should not be exposed to polluted water.⑥Not everyone attending the meeting agreed with the suggestion ______________________ (主席提出的).⑦To enjoy these jobs, they are willing to __________ (忍受) many of the disadvantages of the city life such as heavy traffic and pollution.⑧They ___________ (正在建) several new office blocks in the centre of the town.
put forward a suggestion
put forward by the chairman
put up with
are putting up
9.in other words换句话说＝that is to say，在句中作插入语by word of mouth 口头上；经口述word for word 逐字地；一字不差地eat one's words 收回前言；承认说错without a word 一声没吭word gets out/around 消息传开；人们听说beyond words 无法用言语表达in a word 总之，简言之break one's word 食言keep one's word 遵守诺言
◎完成句子①I live in a suburb. ____________ (换句话说), it's not convenient for me to go to the city centre.②____________ (换句话说), whether you're pursuing life­long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you've got to move forward.③The journalist ____________ (遵守诺言), and this is the first time that the incident has been reported.④______________ (消息传来) our Volleyball team won again.
In other words
In other words
kept his word
Word came that
10．go through通过，穿过；经受，经历；检查go through the forest 穿过森林go through a difficult time 经历一段艰难时期go through a stage 经历某一阶段go through my emails 查看我的电子邮件look through 快速查看，游览see through 看穿，识破get through 通过(考试等)；做完；(用电话)接通break through 冲破，突破
◎完成句子①I myself ___________ (经历) this searching process and found something that has changed my experience at college for the better...②The respected comedian has been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; he can't seem to ___________ (打通).
went through
get through
11．in most cases在大多数情况下(通常位于句首，作状语)　in case 以防万一，以防；假使，如果in no case 决不(位于句首要用部分倒装)in any case 无论如何，不管怎样in case of 假使，如果in this/that case 既然这样/那样；假使这样/那样的话It is often the case that... 通常情况下……as is often the case (with...) (对……)是常有的事
◎单句语法填空①It is often the case _____ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.②There is no simple answer, ____ is often the case in science.③He may win the competition, ____ which case he is likely to get into the national team.④Today, we'll discuss a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.⑤I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.⑥In case ____ fire, ring the alarm bell.
that
as　
in　
where　
where　
of
◎完成句子⑦I'll be out for some time. _______ (如果) anything important happens, call me up immediately.⑧I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just _______ (以防万一).⑨____________ (在大多数情况下), we may feel embarrassed when found falling in public.
In case
in case
In most cases
12.stay organised保持有条理/保持井然有序stay friends 保持朋友关系stay open 保持开着(状态)stay healthy 保持健康stay in the room 待在室内stay organised 保持井然有序stay out 待在外面stay in 待在室内a highly organised person 很有条理的人a well­organised office 工作效率高的办事处a badly organised event 组织的不好的事情organised crime 有组织的犯罪活动
◎单句语法填空①No matter how busy she is, she always stay ________ (organise).②You'd better stay ____ bed, as the operation is just done on your left leg.③He is a _______ (high) organised person; he does everything in order.④This is an ________ (organise) crime.
organised　
in　
highly　
organised
13．be blind to sth.对某事视而不见blind date 彼此未见过面的男女约会blind sb. with science 炫耀科技知识使某人摸不着头脑blind sb. to sth. 使人丧失思考力、判断力或良好感觉◎单句语法填空①You mustn't be blind ____ your mistakes in your homework.②Her love for him blinded her ____ her faults.③He is as blind as a bat ________ his glasses.④The manager turns a blind eye ____ the workers who are late for work.
to
to
without　
to
►第三版块|典型句式1．insist＋宾语从句[教材原句]Well, for example, the first great educational philosopher of modern times, Comenius, insisted that when teaching, the subject matter should be adapted to learners' interests...嗯，例如，现代第一位伟大的教育哲学家夸美纽斯坚持在教学时，要根据学习者的兴趣来调整教学内容……[句式分析]insist作“坚持要求”讲，从句的谓语用虚拟语气(should＋动词原形，should可省略)。作“坚持认为”讲，从句用陈述语气，根据需要选择各种时态。
[归纳拓展]insist意为“坚持认为；坚持说”时，其后常接介词on/upon。在一坚持(insist)，二命令(order，command)，三建议(suggest，propose，advise)，四要求(demand，require，request，ask)等后的宾语从句中，含这些词的派生词的其他主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句，以及It is strange/natural/necessary/important that...从句中常省略should。She insisted that the man had stolen her wallet and that he (should) be sent to the police station.她坚持说那个人偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送到警察局。
I insist that the project (should) be carried out on schedule.我坚决要求这个工程按计划开展。The philosopher insisted that the identity of a person couldn't be changed.这位哲学家坚持认为，一个人的身份是不能改变的。If you insist on leaving now, please go ahead.如果你现在一定要走，那就请便吧。There is no chance of doing business if you insist on that offer.如果你们坚持那个报价，生意就不可能做成。
[基础练习]翻译句子①他建议我们不要改变主意。_______________________________________________________②他坚持要到南方去工作。_______________________________________________________③他的沉默说明了他同意我的决定。________________________________________________________④我建议你尽可能多地练习说英语。________________________________________________________
He suggested that we (should) not change our mind.
He insisted that he (should) go to work in the south.
His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.
I advise that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible.
2.while＋doing[教材原句]．..but to provide a rich experience of living while learning to use that knowledge and those skills to solve real­world problems.……而是提供丰富的生活经验，同时学会运用这些知识和技能解决现实世界的问题。[句式分析]句中while learning为省略结构，补全后为while they are learning。(1)省略条件：从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句谓语含有be动词的某种形式(2)省略成分：从句主语/it及be动词(3)适用从句：时间、地点、让步、条件、方式状语从句
(4)省略后从句的形式：连词＋分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/副词/形容词While (I was) at college, I began to collect stamps.上大学时，我开始集邮了。You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave.你应该待在你现在所在的地方，除非有人让你离开。He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) a little dull.他是个好人，尽管有时有点儿无聊。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①If ______ (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.②Once ________ (begin), the research is hard to stop.[能力提升]标出句子可省略的部分③If it is possible, come and see me tomorrow.________④I'll come to help if it is necessary.__________
asked
begun　
省略it is
省略it is
3．without虚拟条件句[教材原句]Without love you would not be happy or want to play.没有爱，你就不会快乐，也不会想玩耍。[句式分析]本句中without love为隐含的虚拟条件句，相当于if there were no love。在虚拟语气中，有时并没有明显的表示条件的句子，而是通过句子的逻辑关系或一些词、短语等暗示出来。如：but for, without等。
Without air, there wouldn't be living things in the world.没有空气，世界上就没有生物。Without your help, I couldn't have worked out such a complex maths problem.没有你的帮助，我不可能解出这么复杂的数学题。But for your help, I would have been disappointed at the result of my final exam.如果没有你的帮助，我对期末考试的结果会感到失望。He was very busy yesterday. Otherwise, he would have come to the party.他昨天很忙，要不然他就来参加聚会了。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①Without you, he would ________ (take) risks to go there alone.②Without your help, we would ________ (run) out of petrol halfway.③He worked very hard. Otherwise, he wouldn't ________ (make) such a great breakthrough in scientific research.[能力提升]完成句子④Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ___________________ (就不会写出) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.⑤_____________________ (要是没有电), there would be no modern industry.
have taken
have run
have made
wouldn't have written
But for/Without electricity
4.now that引导原因状语从句　其他引导原因状语从句的连词　表示原因的其他词语[教材原句]Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.由于海伦理解语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能多地运用它。[句式分析]now that引导原因状语从句的用法：now that引导原因状语从句时，意为“既然，由于”，它引导的从句通常表示显而易见的原因，语气较弱，从句通常位于主句之前。从意义和功能上看，now that与since(既然，由于)相似。在口语中that可以省去，now仍表示“既然；由于”。
[归纳拓展]because因为(语气较强，常用于回答why提出的问题)since因为，既然，由于as因为，由于(语气较弱)for因为(并列连词)due to/owing to/on account of由于，因为because of因为thanks to由于，多亏Now (that) it is raining, let's stay in the cabin for a break.既然下雨了，我们在小屋里休息一下吧。
[基础练习]一句多译由于暴风雪，这个航班被推迟了。①The flight was put off ________________ there was a snowstorm.②The flight was put off ___________________the snowstorm.③The flight was put off _____________ the snowstorm.④_________ there was a snowstorm, the flight was put off.
because/as/since/for
because of/due to/owing to
on account of
Now that
5．unless引导的条件状语从句[教材原句]“...Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.”“……她的话令我非常困惑，因为以往我只有触碰到实际物体，才能理解它的意思。”[句式分析]本句为主从复合句。because在此引导原因状语从句，其中包含一个unless引导的条件状语从句。unless引导的条件状语从句(1)unless意为“除非；如果不”。若主句为一般将来时，那么unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表将来。即遵循“主将从现”的原则。(2)unless引导的条件状语从句可与if...not引导的条件状语从句进行互换。
(3)unless引导的条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句的谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，则可省略从句的主语和be动词。Unless it snows heavily, we will go to school as usual.我们会照常去学校，除非下大雪。You will miss the train unless you get up early.你如果不早点起床，就赶不上火车了。I sleep with the window open unless it's really cold.除非天气真的很冷，我总开着窗户睡觉。He cannot see clearly unless he wears glasses.＝He cannot see clearly if he doesn't wear glasses.他不戴眼镜就看不清楚。Unless (the machine is) repaired, the machine will be of no use.如果不修理，这台机器将毫无用处。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①Unless extra money is found, the factory ________________ (close).②Unless the weather _____ (get) better, I will stay at home.③He will not be delighted with the article ______ you have it polished.[能力提升]完成句子④You will never gain success ________________________ (除非全身心地投入工作).
will close/will be closed
gets　
unless
unless fully devoted to your work
6.过去分词(短语)作定语[教材原句]Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to them, a woman named Anne Sullivan.海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀教师。[句子分析]named Anne Sullivan是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词woman。[归纳拓展]a broken vase一只打碎的花瓶(被动、动作已完成)a retired teacher一位退休教师(动作已完成)the guests invited (＝who had been invited) to the party受邀参加聚会的那些客人
[基础练习]单句语法填空①The most hopeful data ______(share) in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.②Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ (spend) with his students.③To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study ________ (conduct) in Australia in 2012.④It participates in our daily events, extending our intelligence, comprehending our feelings, and ________ (expand) the range of social activities.
shared　
spent　
conducted　
expanding
7.whether...or...结构[教材原句]It helps you to understand what is wrong and what is right, explore the truth and develop cognition, regardless of whether it's easy or what others' opinions are...它帮助你理解什么是错的，什么是对的，探索真理和发展认知，不管它是否简单以及别人的看法是什么……[句式分析]短语介词regardless of后跟whether...or...引导的宾语从句。注意if引导名词性从句时，只能引导动词的宾语从句，不能引导介词的宾语从句，所以这里用whether...or...。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤到她的感情。Whether he will come is not known.他是否来还不知道。
The question is whether we should go on with the work.问题是我们是否应该继续进行这项工作。It's not a question whether he is rude.这不是他是否粗鲁的问题。He wondered whether to wait for them or (to) leave immediately.他想知道是等他们还是马上离开。I'll write to you whether or not I can come.不管能不能来，我都将写信告诉你。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.②The main question is _______ you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag.③When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, wondering ______ to stay or leave.[能力提升]完成句子④当我30多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的斗争，而与竞争无关，也和我是否擅长运动无关。When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or ____________ I was athletic.
whether/if
whether
whether
whether or not
8．“That's why...”句型[教材原句]That's why students need to have clear learning goals for themselves and to learn how to analyse, compare and evaluate what is taught.那就是为什么学生需要有明确的学习目标，并学会如何分析、比较和评估所教的内容。[句式分析]That's why...意为“那是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，后接结果。[基础练习]单句语法填空①The spring here is famous. That's ________ I come here.②I come here. That's ________ the spring here is famous.③She was ill yesterday. That's _____ she didn't come to school.④She didn't come to school yesterday. That's ________ she was ill.
why　
because　
why　
because
9.suggest that sb. (should) do...[教材原句]However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon (1561—1626) suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day.然而，在17世纪，当弗朗西斯·培根(1561—1626)提出这种思考方式是获取知识的途径时，他(的观点)却与当时的观点背道而驰。[分式分析]suggest表“建议”后接从句时，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。有此用法(虚拟语气)的动词还有：坚持：insist命令：order, command建议：advise, propose, recommend要求：request, require, demand, desire, urge等。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①She suggested that we ___________ (write) letters to our mothers every month.②His angry face suggested that he _____ (be) not satisfied with our doings.③He insisted that I ___________ (take) him to the zoo.④He insisted that he _____ (be) right and needn't apologize to her.
(should) write
was　
(should) take
was
10．be＋adj.＋enough to do sth.足够……做某事[教材原句]We owe so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to step out from the shadows of conventional thought in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today's civilisation is built upon.我们对世界的认识和理解，很大程度上要归功于像培根和伽利莱这样的人，他们足够勇敢走出传统思想的阴影，为了寻找当今文明以之为基础的知识王国。
[句子分析]be＋adj.＋enough＋to do sth.意为“(某人或某物)足够……做某事”，常用来表述某人或某物的能力或特征。在此句型中，当不定式的逻辑主语与句子主语不同时，常用for引出不定式的逻辑主语。You are old enough to go to school alone.＝You are so old that you can go to school alone.你年龄够大了，可以独自去上学了。Their performances were humorous enough to be copied by other bands.＝Their performances were so humorous that other bands began to copy them.他们的表演足够幽默，以至于其他的乐队也开始模仿。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _______ (cool) the house during the hot day.②If the citizen is lucky enough ______ (land) such an accommodation, be sure he is 100 percent on time.③If the candidate is fortunate enough ______ (have) success, he should put something back.[能力提升]句型转换④The student works so hard at his lessons that he has passed all his exams by now.→The student works hard ________ to __________ (pass) all his exams by now.
to cool
to land
to have
enough
have passed
跟踪演练·强化提升
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The new drug has great ________ (重要性) for the fellow men's treatment of the disease.2．The scientists insist that we should ________ (促进，增进) the development of new energy resources and renewable energy sources.3．All these results are ________ (一贯的，一致的) with predictions put forward by the well­known philosopher.4．There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was ________ (显而易见的) in those that gave the most.5．The grandpa told his grandson to hold the tree tightly not to fall into the rapidly flowing ________ (水流).
significance
promote
consistent
apparent
stream　
6．“This medal was very ________ (宝贵的) to my parents. Only on special occasions (场合) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands，” Adeline says.7．He was a man of forceful character, with considerable ________ (洞察力) and brilliant mind.8．I was not only educated academically, but I was also taught how to be a person with strong ________ (诚实，正直).9．Citizens' education is an important means to enhance citizens' quality ________ (道德上).
precious　
insight　
integrity　
morally
Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Remember, even world champion athletes practise their skills on a ________ (consist) basis.2．Well, it functions by ________ (analyse) the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves.3．First, you need ________ (evaluate) yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, etc.4．As far as I am concerned, I don't think this plan is perfect _____ a way.5．The sky grew dark ____ a flash and the rain came pouring down all of a sudden.
consistent
analysing　
to evaluate
in　
in　
6．The old lady has a tendency ______ (help) when she sees people in trouble.7．There are no significant differences between the main objectives of ________ (educate).8．Children's language ________ (acquire) is an extremely complex process.9．He was awarded a prize for his ________ (contribute) to improving living surroundings.10．An ________ (efficiency) transport system is vital to the long­term future of the city.
to help
education　
acquisition　
contribution　
efficient
Ⅲ.单句写作1．从汤姆说的这一切来看，幸好她不在那儿。________________________________________________________2．在经济上不依赖父母，这对我很重要。_________________________________________________________3．他觉得这个公寓唯一的缺点就是太小了。_________________________________________________________4．打造新产品是一个漫长而艰辛的过程。_________________________________________________________
Judging from everything told by Tom, it was just as well she wasn't there.
It is important for me to be financially independent of my parents.
He felt the apartment's only drawback was that it was too small.
It has been a long and difficult process of building a new product.
5．无论你和谁谈话，你都有说不的权利。________________________________________________________6．玛丽上课不认真听讲。那就是她考试不及格的原因。________________________________________________________7．随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。________________________________________________________
You have the right to say no no matter who you are talking to.
Mary didn't listen carefully in class. That was why she didn't pass the exam.
With exams approaching, it is a good idea to review your class notes.
8．她最后变成了一个优秀的作家，这并不令人惊讶。________________________________________________________9．你长大了，能自己坐火车旅行了。_________________________________________________________10．她的头发正在变白，这让她有点担心。________________________________________________________
It is not surprising that she finally turned out to be an excellent writer.
You're old enough to travel on the train by yourself.
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.