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Module 2 Unit 1知识点详解--2022--2023学年外研版九年级英语上册
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外研版九(上)Module 2 Public holidays知识点详解重点知识总览Unit 1单词名词:flag旗;旗帜;vacation假期;假日;season度假旺季;节期;kid小孩;band乐队;UK英国;动词:found创立;创建; 副词:off不上课;休息;不工作;介词:until直到……为止; 连词:until直到……为止。短语public holiday公共假期;May Day/ Labour Day五一劳动节;National Day国庆节;be founded被创建;since then自从那时候起;national flags国旗;a three-day holiday一个三天的假期;have ...plans for... 为……制定计划;Independence Day独立日;have one day off休一天假;on that day在那一天;all kinds of各种各样的;holiday activities假期活动;vacation season假期季;take a vacation度假;something special一些特殊的事情;have a picnic野炊;somewhere nice某些好玩的地方;have (great) fun玩得开心;watch sb. do sth.看见某人做某事;as soon as一……就。句子1. The First of October is China’s National Day, isn’t it, Lingling? 玲玲,10月1日是中国的国庆节,对吗?2. The People’s Republic of China was founded on 1st October 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。3. There are flowers and national flags everywhere, and we have a three-day holiday. (国庆节时)到处都有鲜花和国旗,我们休假3天。4. While we’re staying with our friends, we’re going to spend one day in Qingdao. 和朋友们在一起期间,我们会去青岛玩一天。5. We usually have a picnic somewhere nice. 我们通常会去一些好地方野餐。6. We also watch bands play music in public parks. 我们也可以在公园里观看乐队演奏乐曲。7. And my family always go somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday begins. 假期一开始,我们一家就会去某个好玩的地方。Unit 2单词名词:speech演说;演讲;pioneer开拓者;先驱者;corn谷物;玉米;dish盘,碟;parade(庆祝)游行;数词:forth第四;sixth第六;seventh第七;eighth第八;ninth第九;tenth第十;twelfth第十二;twentieth第二十;动词:grow种植;栽培(植物);lay (laid, laid)摆放(餐桌); 代词:ourselves我们自己;形容词:following接着的;接下来的;over完了的;结束的; 介词:among在……之中。短语make short speeches做简短的演讲;give thanks for...为……而感谢;worse than比……更差/更糟;the following year第二年;lay the table摆放餐桌;too much太多;once a year一年一次;a lot……得多;as well也;come together聚集在一起;plenty of丰富的,充足的;start doing sth.开始做某事;enjoy oneself玩得高兴,过得愉快;at the beginning在开始的时候,起初。句子1. It is a time for a special dinner among family and friends. 它是家人和朋友共进特殊晚餐的时刻。2. People make short speeches and give thanks for their food. 人们发表简短的致辞,为食物而感恩。3. The following year they celebrated together by eating a dinner of the new food. 第二年,他们聚在一起品尝新收获的食物,一起欢庆丰收。4. When it is all over, everyone helps wash the dishes. 当这些都结束后,所有人都帮着洗餐具。5. During the festival, there are plenty of other things to see and do. 在节日期间还有很多其他可看可做的事情。6. Football is also important at Thanksgiving, with many teams playing games. 足球在感恩节也是重要的,因为有许多球队进行比赛。Unit 3短语make a lot of progress取得很大进步;get back回来;think about考虑,认为;get out of bed起床;in different ways 以/用不同的方式;fall asleep入睡,睡着;count down倒计时,倒数;like doing sth.喜欢做某事;depend on依靠,依赖,取决于;apart from除……以外(别无);除……外,此外。句子They do not know that it is their parents who put the presents at the end of their beds while they are sleeping. 他们不知道是他们的父母在他们睡觉时把礼物放在他们床尾的。模块语法状语从句(1):时间状语从句(详见模块语法详解)写作写节日的短文并描述人们如何庆祝它(详见模块主题写作)Unit 1 My family always go somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday begins.★(A2).【知识点再现】The First of October is China’s National Day, isn’t it, Lingling? 玲玲,10月1日是中国的国庆节,对吗?【知识点1】the First of October 意为“十月一号”。英语年月日的表达“在英国英语中,通常可有两种表达法。以“1988年5月2日”为例:表达法①:写法:(the) 2 (nd) May, 1988;读法:the second of May, nineteen eighty-eight;表达法②:写法:May (the) 2 (nd), 1988;读法:May the second, nineteen eighty-eight。如:I was born on March 6th, 1990. 我出生于1990年3 月6日。读成:I was born on March the sixth, nineteen ninety. 或I was born on the sixth of March, nineteen ninety.【拓展】①写法中,日期与月份之间不可加逗号;②写法中,年份前的逗号可以省略;③写法中,代表日期的序数词词尾(-st,-nd,-rd或-th)均可省略;④写法中,序数词前的定冠词the,一般可省略(尤其是以序数词开头的场合);但在读法中,该定冠词则不省略。【知识点2】本句是反意疑问句。在陈述句之后,附加上一个简短问句,对陈述句所述的事情提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫作反意疑问句。反意疑问句由“陈述句+附加疑问句”两部分构成。反意疑问句的结构有两种:前肯后否;前否后肯。后简短问句由“助动词/情态动词/be(或者是他们的否定形式)+与主语相对应的代词”,助动/情态动词/be在时态上要与前面的陈述句保持一致,在人称和数上与后面的代词(主语)保持一致。如:He is late, isn’t he? 他迟到了,不是吗?// He didn’t have lunch, did he? 他没有吃午饭,对吗?【拓展】在回答反意疑问句的时候,如果是前肯后否的句子,思维和中国人相同;如果是前否后肯的句子,思维正好同中国人相反,坚持“Yes+肯定的简短回答”或“No+否定的简短回答”。答语中的yes翻译成“不”, 答语中的no翻译成“是”。(巧记:肯否交叉,二谓一致;不管问法,事实回答。)如:---- He is a student, isn’t he? 他是个学生,不是吗?---- Yes, he is. 是的,他是学生。// ---- No, he isn’t. 不是,他不是学生。---- I am not a teacher, am I? 我不是一名老师,是吗?---- Yes, I am. 不,我是一名老师。// ---- No, I am not. 是,我不是一名老师。★(A2).【知识点再现】The People’s Republic of China was founded on 1st October 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。【知识点3】found意为“创立,创建”,后可接学校、城堡、医院、公司、机构、组织、国家等名词或代词作宾语。它的过去式和过去分词都加-ed。found还是find的过去式和过去分词,意为“找到”。如:The town was founded in 1610. 这个镇建于1610年。I found a wallet on the ground. 我在地上发现一个钱包。【辨析】found,build,put up与set up的用法辨析:①found意为“创立,创建”,指创立一个组织、机构、国家等。如:They founded (=built) a school for the blind. 他们创办了一亿盲人学校。The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于是1949年。②build意为“建筑、建造”指施工建筑,如房屋、桥梁、道路等的建造,也可用于广义。如:We are building socialism with China’s style. 我们正在建设具有中国特色的社会主义。③put up 和set up 人含义很多,但他们在表示“搭起、竖起、挂起”以及表建筑物“建起”的意思时,可以通用。只不过put up 比set up 要常见些。但set up 在表示“建起、成立”某一机构团体时,不能用put up 替换。如:The boys put up (set up) their tents in the woods. 孩子们在树林里搭起了帐篷。They have put up (set up) several cattle sheds for the team. 他们为队里建造了几个牛棚。The factory set up a night school last month. 这个工厂上月成立了一所夜校。【知识点4】【辨析】in,on与at表示时间的用法辨析:①on用在具体的某一天(如星期、日期或节日)或者某一天的上午、下午或晚上前。如:on Monday;on the morning of June 1st;on a cold day;on Monday;on July 1st;on Sunday morning 等。②in用在世纪,季节,年,月,周或某一日中的上午、下午、晚上前。如:in summer;in 2013;in May;in winter;in the morning;in the afternoon;in the evening;in three days等。③at用在某个时刻(几点钟)或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前。如:at 7:00;at dawn;at noon;at dusk;at midnight等。【拓展】this, that, last, next, every, yesterday, tomorrow等词用在morning, afternoon, night及星期的七个词前一律不能加介词。如:I went to Hangzhou last Sunday. 我上周去了杭州。★(A2).【知识点再现】People have celebrated the National Day since then. 从那时开始,中国人(每年)都庆祝国庆节。【知识点5】since then意为“从那以后”。是现在完成时的标志。since作介词或连词,意为“自从;自……以来”,后面接表示时间的词或短语,引导时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,而且谓语动词须是延续性动词。如:We have been friends since childhood. 我们从小就一直是朋友。He has lived in Beijing since then. 从那以后他就一直住在北京。Since we came here, we have lived in the house. 自从我们来这儿,我们就住在这座房子里。【拓展】since还可以意为“既然……”,引导原因状语从句,表示原因是对方已知的,相当于now that,语气比because弱。如:Since the rain has stopped, let’s go for a walk. 既然雨停了,我们出去散散步吧。★(A2).【知识点再现】There are flowers and national flags everywhere, and we have a three-day holiday. (国庆节时)到处都有鲜花和国旗,我们休假3天。【知识点6】have a three-day holiday意为“休假3天”。three-day 是一个合成形容词,它有两个特点:中间必须有“-”;后面的名词必须用单数。它相当于形容词,可作定语修饰名词。如:Tom has just finished writing a 900-word article. 汤姆刚刚写完了一篇900字的文章。【拓展】类似的合成形容词还有:“数词+连字符+单数名词+连字符+形容词”或“数词+连字符+名词+-ed”。如: 50-year-old 50岁的;10-metre-long 10米长的;5-metre-tall 5米高的;one-eyed 一只眼的。★(A2).【知识点再现】Do you have any plans for the holiday this year? 这个国庆假期你有什么计划吗?【知识点7】have/make plans for意为“为……制定计划”。如: Do you have/make any plans for tomorrow’s tour? 你为明天的旅行制定计划了吗?★(A2).【知识点再现】My parents and I are going to visit some friends in Shandong Province and will stay there until the end of the holiday. 我和爸爸妈妈准备去山东省拜访一些朋友。我们会一直待在那里,直至假期结束。【知识点8】until 作介词或连词,意为“到……为止,直到”,表示动作或状态一直持续到某一时刻。其用法如下:①until 作介词或连词,意为“到……为止,直到”,until引导时间状语或时间状语从句时,主句中的谓语动词必须用延续性动词,如果主句用将来时态或祈使句,until引导的从句必须用一般现在时表将来。如:I’ll wait until they arrive. 我会一直等到他们来。(until引导时间状语从句,为连词)He waited until his mother came back. 他一直等到他母亲回来。(until引导时间状语从句,为连词)Sometimes I do my homework until 10 at night. 有时我做作业直到晚上10点。(until引导时间状语,为介词)②not...until... 意为“直到……才……”。表示主语的动作在某一时间或某一动作之前没有发生,其中until可以用till代替。在not...until...结构中,主句的谓语动词是终止性动词。如: They didn’t leave until/till I arrived. 直到我到达,他们才离开。I didn’t wake up until/till I heard the alarm clock. 直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。★(A2).【知识点再现】While we’re staying with our friends, we’re going to spend one day in Qingdao. 和朋友们在一起期间,我们会去青岛玩一天。【知识点9】【辨析】while,when与as的用法辨析:①while作连词,意为“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,强调某一段时间内主从句动作同时发生,或主句动作在从句持续过程中的某一时刻发生,且从句的谓语动词应该是延续性动词或表示状态的词;while还可用作并列连词,意为“而,然而”,表示对比(照)。如:While she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep. 她听着收音机睡着了。She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper. 她在看报的时候睡着了。My father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我在玩电脑游戏时,爸爸正在洗车。I am fond of English while he likes maths. 我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。Some people waste food while others haven’t enough to eat. 有些人浪费食物,然而有些人却吃不饱。②when作连词,意为“当……的时候,从……时候起”,引导时间状语从句,可接“时间点”和“时间段”,从句中的谓语动词既可是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词。当主句用一般将来时态时,从句用一般现在时。如:When I got home, my family were already having dinner. 我到家的时候,全家已在吃晚饭。(when表示点时间)When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. 当他们还在说笑的时候,老师进来了。(when表示段时间)I’m going to be a teacher when I grow up. 当长大的时候,我想当一名教师。(主将从现)③as作连词,意为“当……的时候”,可接“时间点”和“时间段”,从句中的谓语动词既可是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,但不能用be动词或表示“感觉、理解、知道等”这类动词。如:As I left the house I remembered the key. 当我离开房间的时候,我想起了钥匙。★(A2).【知识点再现】It’s a public holiday, but we only have one day off. 独立日是一个公共假日,但我们只放一天假。【知识点10】have one day off意为“放一天假”。“have/take+一段时间+off”,意为“放多长时间的假;请多长时间的假;休假一段时间”。day off 意为“休息日,休假日”,通常指工作日时候的请假。如:I’m going to have some time off. 我准备休一段时间假。I’m taking a week off over Christmas. 圣诞节期间我会休假一星期。★(A2).【知识点再现】On that day, there are all kinds of holiday activities. 那一天有各种各样的节日活动【知识点11】all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”。kind是可数名词,意为“种类”,相当于type或者sort。与kind有关的短语:many kinds of许多种类的;a kind of 一种;different kinds of 不同种类的;of a kind同一种类的。如:There are all kinds of animals in the zoo. 动物园里有各种各样的动物。You can taste all kinds of delicious food. 你能品尝各种各样美味的食物。【拓展】kind of意为“有点”,其后常常跟形容词。如:I’m kind of hungry. Could you give me some food? 我有点饿了。你能给我一些食物吗?★(A2).【知识点再现】It’s the start of the vacation season and most people take a vacation sometime in July or August. 这个时间是休假季节的开始,大多数人都会在七月或八月的某段时间休假。【知识点12】take a vacation 意为“去度假”,相当于have a vacation,其中vacation是名词,意为“假期,假日”。如:He will take a vacation next week. 他下周将去度假。Watertown is a great place for families to take/have a vocation. 水城是一个举家度假的好地方。【辨析】vocation,holiday,festival与leave的用法辨析:①vocation意为“假期”,指正式规定的假期或指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息。至于寒、暑假,英国人喜欢用summer/winter holidays,美国人喜欢用summer/winter vocation,区别不大。如:My dad is now on holiday/vocation in Beijing. 我爸爸现在在北京度假。We spent our summer holidays/vocation in the countryside this year. 今年我们在乡下度过暑假。②holiday意为“假日,休息日”,指国家法定的或因风俗习惯而形成的节假日,一般表示时间可长可短的假期,为可数名词,与季节连用时多用复数,与数词连用时表示次数。如:New Year’s Day is a national holiday in China. 在中国,元旦是全国性的假日。We have had three holidays since the beginning of the year. 从今年开始,我们已经过了三个假期。③festival意为“节日”,指具有悠久历史的传统节日或持续一段时间的文娱活动。如:I go to Beijing at Spring Festival every year. 每年春节我都去北京。 This city has a music festival every summer. 这座城市每年夏季举行一次音乐节。④leave意为“请假”,被批准后离开自己的工作的一段时间。如:He stays at home on sick leave. 他请了病假呆在家里。He asked for a six months’ leave. 他请了6个月的假。【知识点13】【辨析】sometimes,sometime,some times和some time的用法辨析:①sometimes是副词,意为“有时候,间或”,用来描述现在或过去常发生的事情。如:Lucy goes to school on foot, but sometimes by bike. 露西走路上学,但是有时骑自行车去。②sometime意为“某时”,指某一不明确的时间,可用于过去时或将来时。如:Kate will be back sometime in February. 凯特将在2月份的某个时间回来。③some times意为“几次,几倍”,是名词短语。如:Our school is some times larger than theirs. 我们学校比他们学校大几倍。④some time意为“一段时间”,是名词短语,也可表达sometime的意义。如:I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。【拓展】请记住下面口诀:分开是“一段”,相连为“某时”。分开s是“倍、次”,相连s是“有时”。★(A3).【知识点再现】We usually have a picnic somewhere nice. 我们通常会去一些好地方野餐。【知识点14】have a picnic意为“去野餐”,此短语中,have表示“进行(某项活动)”,类似的短语还有:have a look/walk/sleep/talk/think看一看/去散步/睡觉/谈一谈/想一想。have a picnic同义短语为go for/on a picnic。如: Mary and Lili are having a picnic. 玛丽和莉莉正在野餐。【知识点15】somewhere nice意为“好地方”,用形容词修饰由some-构成的副词时,形容词要放在some-构成的副词的后面。如:He wants to go somewhere warm. 他想去某个暖和的地方。I want to find somewhere quiet to study. Here is too noisy. 我想找安静的地方学习,这里太吵了。★(A3).【知识点再现】We also watch bands play music in public parks. 我们也可以在公园里观看乐队演奏乐曲。【知识点16】【辨析】watch sb. do sth.与watch sb. doing sth.的用法辨析:①watch sb. do sth. 意为“观看某人做某事”。强调观看了事情的全过程,动作已经结束,或“观看某人经常做某事”,是省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。类似用法的有see/hear/notice sb. do sth.等。如:I heard her sing. 我听见她唱了歌。I saw him get on the bus. 我看见他上了公共汽车。It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. 观看别人展示他们的天赋总是很有趣。②watch sb. doing sth. 意为“观看某人正在做某事”。强调观看的动作正在进行,此处是现在分词作宾语补足语。类似用法的有see/hear/notice sb. doing sth.等。如:I’m watching them playing football. 我正在观看他们踢足球。I saw him getting on the bus. 我看见他正在上公共汽车。// I heard her singing. 我听见她正在唱歌。【拓展】英语中有些动词跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,这类动词可用下列口诀记忆:不定式,作宾补,下列词后省略to;一感、二听、三让、四看,半帮助;若是宾补变主补,to字一定要回府。“一感”指feel;“二听”指hear, listen to;“三让”指have, let, make;“四看”指see, watch, notice和look at;“半帮助”指动词不定式作help的宾语补足语时to可要也可不要。在原宾语补足语变主语补足语时,要把to补回来。★(A3).【知识点再现】Kids have great fun. 孩子们玩得可开心了。【知识点17】have fun=enjoy oneself=have a wonderful/great/good time意为“玩的开心,玩的愉快”,fun为不可数名词,前面不加冠词。短语:have great fun (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事很开心”。如:We enjoyed ourselves in the park yesterday. 昨天我们在公园里玩得高兴。Did you have great fun on my birthday party? 你在我的生日聚会上玩的开心吗?The kids are having great fun playing in the park now. 孩子们现在在公园里玩得很开心。★(A3).【知识点再现】And my family always go somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday begins. 假期一开始,我们一家就会去某个好玩的地方。【知识点18】as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,强调两个动作接连发生,从句中的谓语动词常为短暂性动词;as soon as引导从句时,如果主句用将来时态或祈使句,从句常用一般现在时表将来。如:Please call me as soon as you get to the hotel. 你一回到酒店就给我打电话。If it doesn’t rain, we will have a picnic tomorrow. 明天如果不下雨,我们就去野炊。We’ll go back to school as soon as the May Day holiday is over. 五一假期一结束,我们就回学校。As soon as his father went out, the boy ran to the cinema. 爸爸刚出门,那男孩就跑向电影院。★(A3).【知识点再现】序数词的构成及用法【知识点19】序数词构成巧记:序数词很好记,基数词后再加th;8少t 9去e,面目全非1/2/3;ve结尾5和2(12),换成f须仔细;若是几十几的数,前半基来后半序;遇到ty结尾词,把y变ie再加th。如:one→first, two→second, three→third, five→fifth, eight→eighth, nine→ninth, twelve→twelfth, twenty→twentieth;thirty-one→thirty-first为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。【知识点20】序数词的用法:序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词the;但序数词前有物主代词或名词所有格时,前面不要加定冠词the;用于最高级前;用于表达分数的分母(子基母序),分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于“1”,分母则加“s”;如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,表示“又一,再一”;在编号时,序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词表示;年月日的表示:年用基数词,日用序数词;带分数的词组作句子的主语时,谓语动词的单复数与分数后的名词保持一致。如:The eighth of March is Women’s Day. 三月八号是妇女节。(主语) Mother was my first teacher in my life. 妈妈是我生命中的第一个老师。Three sevenths of the pear is eaten. 这个梨子被吃了七分之三。Three sevenths of the pears are yellow. 梨子的七分之三是黄色的。We have tried it four times. Must we try it a fifth time? 我们已经试过了四次,我们还必须再试一次吗?
