Module 8 模块语法详解与训练--2022--2023学年外研版九年级英语上册

外研版英语九（上）Module 8模块语法详解与训练模块语法详解被动语态（2）一般过去时的被动语态一、含义：一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间或过去经常性或习惯性的被动动作。二、一般过去时的被动语态的结构：被动语态的动词形式为：be+及物动词的过去分词，其中be为助动词，根据不同的人称和时态有形式的变化。因此，一般过去时的被动语态的结构为：“主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+by+动作执行者”构成，无需说明动作执行者时可省去“by+动作执行者”。如：Our school was built in 1998.  我们的学校在1998年建造。The classroom was cleaned by the students. 教室被学生们打扫了。These cakes were made by my mother last night. 这些蛋糕是我妈妈昨天晚上做的。三、基本句式：1. 肯定句：主语+was/were+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者). 如：The letter was written by Jim. 这封信是由吉姆写的。I was invited to Li Lei’s birthday party last night. 昨晚我被邀请参加李磊的生日聚会。2. 否定句：主语+was/were not+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者). 如：The letter wasn’t written by Jim. 这封信不是由吉姆写的。I wasn’t invited to Li Lei’s birthday party last night. 昨晚我没有被邀请参加李磊的生日聚会。The books weren’t sent to us. 这些书没有被送给我们。3. 一般疑问句及其简略答语：Was/Were+主语+动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Yes, 主语+was/were. // No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t. 如：Was the letter written by Jim? 这封信是由吉姆写的吗？Yes, it was. 是的，它是。// No, it wasn’t. 不，它不是。Were you was invited to Li Lei’s birthday party last night. 昨晚你被邀请参加李磊的生日聚会？ No, I was. 是的，我是。// No, I wasn’t. 不，我不是。4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? 如：When was the letter written by Jim? 这封信是什么时候由吉姆写的？Who was invited to Li Lei’s birthday party last night. 昨晚谁被邀请参加李磊的生日聚会。四、被动语态的几种特殊形式：1. 带双宾语的动词的主动语态变被动语态：一种情况是把间接宾语(指人)变为主语，直接宾语(指物)不变。另一种情况是把直接宾语(指物)变为主语，间接宾语(指人) 用介词 to 或 for 引导。常跟to搭配的动词有give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave(留给), hand(交给), tell, return, write, throw, promise, refuse等；常跟for搭配的动词有make, buy, do, get, play(演奏), order(命令), sing, pay, draw等。如：My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. 我叔叔在我生日时给了我一份礼物。→I was given a present by my uncle on my birthday. 在我生日时我被我叔叔给了一份礼物。→A present was given to me by my uncle on my birthday. 在我生日时一份礼物被我叔叔给了我。2. 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态：宾语加上宾语补足语构成复合宾语，变为被动语态时直接把宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语仍留在原处，作为主语补足语。如：They chose Tom captain. 他们选汤姆为队长。→Tom was chosen captain. 汤姆被选为队长。I found him lying on the floor. 我发现他躺在地板上。→He was found lying on the floor. 他被发现躺在地板上。3. 变被动语态后作宾语补足语的动词不定式要还原不定式符号to：主动语态中，在使役动词make, let, have等，以及感官动词hear, see, watch和notice等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中，to不可省略。如：People saw him enter the building. 人们看见他走进大楼。→He was seen to enter the building. 有人看见他走进大楼。4. 短语动词在变为被动语态时，短语中的介词或副词不能省去。常见的这类短语动词有：take care of, look after, take off, look at, send for, look up, think of, work out, laugh at等。如：We can’t laugh at him. 我们不能嘲笑他。→He can’t be laugh at by us. 他不能被我们嘲笑。John turned on the radio. 约翰打开了收音机。→The radio was turned on. 收音机被约翰打开了。模块语法即学即练一、单项选择。(    ) 1. The Olympic Games          in China in 2008.A. will hold        B. is held         C. were held        D. held(    ) 2. The basketball player          by his coach to train every day.A. was compared    B. advised         C. compared        D. was advised(    ) 3. Mr Li          to work for the new computer company.A. was chosen      B. was noticed      C. set up           D. held(    ) 4. Everybody          deeply after they heard the story. A. moves          B. was moved       C. moved         D. is moved(    ) 5. ---- Who’s the little girl in the photo?  ---- It’s me. The photo          10 years ago.A. took            B. is taken         C. has taken        D. was taken(    ) 6. Personal computers          in 1976. It has changed the whole world.A. have been invented   B. are invented      C. were invented   D. invented(    ) 7. Annie          to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A. was invited       B. invites          C. is invited         D. has invited(    ) 8. Flowers          along the road last year.A. plant            B. planted          C. are planted      D. were planted(    ) 9. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it         .A. invents          B. was invented      C. invented        D. is invented(    ) 10. ---- Who designed this game?  ---- It          by Tom in 1999.A. is designed       B. designs          C. was designed    D. designed(    ) 11. Our team lost! We          by the other team.A. noticed          B. were beaten      C. won            D. were encouraged(    ) 12. Luckily, the old lady          to hospital immediately after she fell down to the ground.    A. was sent         B. sent            C. is sent           D. sends(    ) 13. ----- The school has a long history.  ---- Yes. It          more than one hundred years ago.A. built            B. is built          C. was built         D. were built(    ) 14. ---- The skirt looks different from others and it is nice.  ---- Thanks. It          by my mother last month.A. made            B. was made       C. is made          D. has been made(    ) 15. ---- Chinese tea is popular around the world. ---- I agree. It       to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. A. brings           B. brought         C. is brought        D. was brought二、句型转换。1. A special programme helped Liu Xiang. (改为被动语态）Liu Xiang                   by a special programme. 2. We bought that coat in the supermarket. (改为被动语态）That coat                   in the supermarket. 3. The boy didn’t throw the stone just now. (改为被动语态）The stone                   by the boy just now.4. Did he do his homework last night? (改为被动语态）       his homework         by him last night?5. Someone turned down the television just now. (改为被动语态）The television                           by someone just now.6. His ability in hurdling was noticed by his coach Sun Haiping.（改为主动语态）His coach Sun Haiping              his ability in hurdling.外研版英语九（上）Module 8模块语法即学即练答案一、单项选择。1—5 CDABD  6—10 CADBC  11—15 BACBD二、句型转换。1. was helped  2. was bought 3. wasn’t thrown 4. Was; done  5. was turned down  6. noticed