Module 11 模块语法详解与训练--2022--2023学年外研版九年级英语上册
展开外研版英语九（上）Module 11模块语法详解与训练
模块语法详解
which和who引导的定语从句
1. which引导的定语从句
如果先行词是物，那么定语从句的引导词可以用which。which在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可以省略。多数情况下，which和that 可以互换。如：
This is a book which/that interests me. 这是一本让我感兴趣的书。（作主语）
The book (which/that) he bought yesterday is lost. 他昨天买的那本书丢了。(作宾语)
2. who引导的定语从句
如果先行词指人，那么定语从句的引导词可以用who。who在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时也可以用宾格whom。如：
The girl who is talking to the boy is my sister. 正在跟那个男孩谈话的女孩是我的妹妹。（作主语）
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。（作主语）
Is that the actor who/whom you talked about last week? 那是上周你们谈论的那个演员吗？ (作宾语)
注意：如果引导词紧接在介词之后，只能用whom，不能用who。很多情况下who可以用that替换。如：
The person to whom you should write is Mr Smith. 你应该给他写信的人是史密斯先生。
Is this the girl with whom you talked for a long time last night. 这就是你昨天晚上跟她谈了很久的那个女孩吗？
Do you know Mr Zhang who/whom/that they like very much? 你认识他们非常喜欢的张先生吗？
3. 定语从句中引导词的省略
不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物，如果引导词that, who/whom, which在从句中作宾语，通常可以省略，但是如果引导词在从句中作主语时或紧紧跟在介词后作宾语则不能省略。如：
Is that the car (that/which) you bought last month? 那是你上个月买的车吗？(作宾语，可省略)
A friend is a person (that/who/whom) you know very well and like. 朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。(作宾语，可省略)
The train which/that has just left is for Shanghai. 刚刚开走的火车是开往上海的。(作主语，可省略)
注意：引导词作宾语时可以省略是因为省略后的从句仍然有主语和谓语，仍然可以分辨出哪部分是定语从句。但是，引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略，否则会造成结构混乱。以下两句中的引导词 who 和 that 在从句中作主语，不能省略。此外，需要注意的是，虽然在定语从句中作宾语的引导词在口语中往往被省略，但在正式文体中则常常被保留。如：
I’d like to have a teacher who is good at speaking. 我想拥有一位擅长演讲的老师。
He can make lessons that are usually boring interesting. 他能把枯燥乏味的课讲得生动有趣。
4. 只用which而不用that的情况：
（1）先行词由指示代词that修饰时或先行词本身就是that。如：
I don’t like that which he did. 我不喜欢他做的那件事。
I want that book which is on your right. 我想要你右边那本书。
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才天空中一闪而过的是什么东西？
（2）引导词（又叫关系代词）前有介词且指事物时。如：
This is the book for which you ask. 这是你要的那本书。
The classroom in which we study is bright. 我们学习的教室很明亮。
The pen with which you are writing is Tom’s. 你正在用来写字的那支笔是汤姆的。
The house in which I used to live has become a clothes shop. 我过去住的房子现在变成了服装店。
（3）引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。如：
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍了。
China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 成立于1949的中国，正变得越来越强大。
模块语法即学即练
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. The house Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
A. which B. that C. in which D. there
( ) 2. I like the writers are popular among teenagers.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
( ) 3. Do you know the man saved five people in the fire?
A. who B. it C. when D. whom
( ) 4. Look! That’s the woman I met yesterday.
A. what B. who C. where D. when
( ) 5. I am one of the boys never late for school.
A. that is B. who is C. who am D. who are
( ) 6. The girl an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing
( ) 7. There will be a flower show in the park we visited last week.
A. who B. when C. what D. which
( ) 8. Please pass me the cartoon book has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. which
( ) 9. ---- Look! That is the woman I met yesterday. ---- Oh? She’s my aunt.
A. what B. who C. where D. when
( ) 10. Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut has ever traveled in space.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
( ) 11. We all like the story about the teacher happened in our school last week.
A. what B. who C. whom D. which
( ) 12. Yesterday was my birthday. My friend sent me a CD is made by Han Geng.
A. who B. what C. which D. whom
( ) 13. ---- I wanted to see a movie called Coming Home was directed by Zhang Yimou.
A. who B. when C. which D. whom
( ) 14. WeChat (微信) is an invention can help people talk to friends and share photos, ideas and feelings freely.
A. which B. who C. whose D. how
( ) 15. After Mandela was free in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people wanted to kill him.
A. whose B. who C. which D. /
二、用which，who或whom完成句子。
1. Is that the girl you talked to just now?
2. This is the room in my grandma was born.
3. Someone comes from Anhui is waiting for you outside.
4. Do you know the man is standing under the apple tree?
5. Mum and Dad were talking about the house they had bought in the countryside.
三、根据汉语提示，用定语从句完成下列句子。
1. I respect people ____________________ (诚实的).
2. Do you know the boy ____________________________ (在池中游泳的)?
3. Hangzhou is a city __________________________________ (以西湖而闻名的).
4. There are a few guests ______________________________________ (我想向你介绍的).
5. Ted likes the bike _________________________________________ (他妈妈送他作生日礼物的) very much.
四、将下列句子合并为含有which或who引导的定语从句的复合句。
1. That’s the woman. She agreed to pay for your college education.
→That’s the woman .
2. We enjoyed talking about the things. We did them when we were children.
→We enjoyed talking about the things .
3. I know a man. The man entered a medical college at the age of 70.
→I know a man .
4. The people were very friendly to them. They met the people at the party.
→The people were very friendly to them.
5. The things are so ordinary sometimes. They interest us. →The things are so ordinary sometimes.
外研版英语九（上）Module 11模块语法即学即练答案
一、单项选择。1—5 CAABD 6—10 ADDBC 11—15 DCCAB
二、用which，who或whom完成句子。1. who/whom 2. which 3. who 4. who 5. which
三、根据汉语提示，用定语从句完成下列句子。
1. who / that are honest 2. who/that is swimming in the pool 3. which / that is famous for the West Lake 4. who / that / whom I want to introduce to you 5. which / that his mother gave him as a birthday present
四、将下列句子合并为含有which或who引导的定语从句的复合句。
1. who agreed to pay for your college education 2. which we did them when we were children
3. who entered a medical college at the age of 70 4. who they met at the party
5. which interest us
