第02讲 Welcome Unit-Discovering Useful Structures - 2022-2023学年高一英语同步精品讲义（人教2019必修第一册）

02 Discovering useful structures【核心词汇】1. forward词性：____________  意思：_____________move forward 向前移动step forward 向前迈步put forward 提出backward adv. 向后地 adj. 向后的afterward adv. 然后；后来upward adv. 向上；往上downward adv. 向下地；下降地outward adv. 向外地；在外 adj. 外面的inward adv. 向内地；内部地 adj. 向内的；内部的练习：Slow down and think what can help you _______________.2. look forward to意思：_____________look forward to 表示“盼望，期待”，该结构中to为介词，故其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不接动词不定式。但look forward作“向前看”讲时，后可接动词不定式作目的状语。练习：We are _______________________ your early reply. 含look的常用短语：look after 照料look back on 回顾look into 调查look through 浏览look out for 注意，当心，留意look up to 仰慕，尊敬look ahead 向前看；为将来打算look down on/upon 瞧不起，看不起look on…as… 把……看作……look around 环视look up 查找带介词to的常用短语：stick to 坚持lead to 导致；通向object to 反对refer to 参考；涉及；提到belong to 属于be used to 习惯于devote… to 致力于／奉献于pay attention to 注意be accustomed to 习惯于3. come true意思：_____________切记：come true不用于被动语态。May all your dreams come true! 祝你所有的梦想都成真！realize 和come true 均可以表示“实现”。realize为及物动词，后可跟宾语；而come true为不及物动词短语，后不可跟宾语。come true相当于be realized.come about 发生come along 快点；一道去；进展come back 回来；折回come down 下来；下降come from 来自；出身于练习：His dream of taking part in the Olympics ____________ at last.【语法解析】1. Look at these sentences and find out the basic components of the sentences.What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentences? 1.1 A boy read a book.1.2 She is my sister.1.3 Mr. Wang is a teacher.Information: _________________________________________________________________小结1：____________________________________________________________________2.1 A fish can swim.2.2 A tiger eats meat.2.3 He doesn't like fruit.Information: _________________________________________________________________小结2：____________________________________________________________________3.1 Lions eat meat.3.2 I like it.3.3 He called Tom.Information: _________________________________________________________________小结3：____________________________________________________________________4.1 He looks fine.4.2 You are happy.4.3 He became a teacher.Information: _________________________________________________________________小结4：____________________________________________________________________5.1 He lives in Shenzhen.5.2 You go to school by bus.5.3 We like English very much.Information: _________________________________________________________________小结5：____________________________________________________________________6.1 He gave me a pen.6.2 We bought him a gift.6. 3 He wrote me a letter.Information: _________________________________________________________________小结6：____________________________________________________________________7.1 The war made him a hero.7.2 The fire left him homeless.7.3 He found his glasses broken. Information: _________________________________________________________________小结7：____________________________________________________________________2. Basic components of a sentenceS (subject)  V (verb)  O (object)  P (predicative)  A (adverbial)   DO (direct object)  IO (indirect object)  C (object complement) 3. Read the sentences and analyze the structuresSentence structureSentence The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city. We must act. The maths homework looks easy. The teacher found the classroom empty. My mum bought me a new dictionary. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. There is an English Corner at our school. We had chemistry in the newly built lab.　写出下列句子中画线部分所作的成分。1．The question is that no one knows the location of the new hospital． __________2．To be or not to be is a question. __________3．His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully． __________4．The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday. __________5．Is he the man who wants to see you？ __________6．This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends． __________7．I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul． __________8．What you explained just now didn't satisfy me. __________9．We must get together again some day． __________10．If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. __________用给出的句子结构翻译下列句子。1．现在这种活动在中学里变得很受欢迎。(主语＋系动词＋表语)_______________________________________________________________________________________2．我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(主语＋谓语＋宾语)_______________________________________________________________________________________3．奶奶昨晚送给我一个非常漂亮的玩具娃娃。(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)_______________________________________________________________________________________4．每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5.早睡早起是个好习惯。(主语＋系动词＋表语，动名词作主语)_______________________________________________________________________________________6.美国的历史开始于此。(主语＋谓语＋状语)_______________________________________________________________________________________7.你会发现英语容易学。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语)_______________________________________________________________________________________8.我认为一切都会好起来。(主语＋系动词＋表语)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 阅读下面短文，分析并写出画线部分的句型结构。1．My parents love me very much．However，they like making almost all decisions for me.They choose schools and subjects for me.Sometimes even the daily timetables have to be decided by them.In my opinion，2.deciding everything for children does not help them but harm them in many ways．Firstly，3.it will make children less confident，4.which is useless to their development．Secondly，in many cases parents don't care about children's personal ideas and interests，5.which will influence their growth greatly．As a result, 6.a lot of children are complaining！I do believe to grow to be independent is a natural way for everybody.7.Parents should give us chances to make our decisions．They may help us make choices instead of replacing us to make choices.After all，8.there are a lot of things for us to explore by ourselves．