第09讲 Unit2 Travelling Around-Reading and Thinking- 2022-2023学年高一英语同步精品讲义（人教2019必修第一册）

09 Reading and Thinking【核心词汇】1．narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄(教材p.26)PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：狭长、干燥、平坦的沿海地区，安第斯山脉及亚马孙热带雨林。(1)a narrow escape　　　　　　　 九死一生a narrow view 狭隘的观点narrow the generation gap 缩小代沟(2)narrowly adv. 勉强地，差点[佳句]　In my opinion, you have a narrow view of the brighter future.在我看来，你对于更光明的未来有狭隘的观点。2．take control of 控制；接管(教材p.26)Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.西班牙于16世纪开始掌控秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。 beyond one's control　　 某人无法控制lose control of 对……失去控制in control of 控制；支配in the control of 由……控制out of control 失去控制under control 受控制under the control of 在……控制下[佳句]　While you can't turn back the clock, you can take control of your life.尽管你不能让时间倒流，但你可以掌控你的生活。3．recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可(教材p.26)Recognise text type识别文本类型 (1)recognise sb/sb's voice　　 认出某人/听出某人的声音be recognised to be/as ... 被认为是……It is recognised that ... 人们公认……be recognised by 被……识别出(2)recognition n. 认出；认识beyond (all) recognition 认不出来[佳句]　It is recognised that the environment pollution has become more and more serious.人们公认环境污染已变得越来越严重了。4．other than 除……以外(教材p.26)Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。more than　　　　　　　 超过；非常；不仅仅no more than 仅仅；只不过not more than 至多；不超过rather than 不愿；而不是[佳句]　I have no ambitions other then to have a happy life and be free.我没有雄心大志，只求自由自在地过幸福生活。 [点津]　rather than连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于前面主语的单复数。5．admire vt.钦佩；赞赏(教材p.27)Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、观赏建筑物，享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地集市购物。(1)admire sb for sth　　　　　 因某事而钦佩某人(2)admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕with admiration 钦佩地[佳句]　My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.同桌非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常被他的赞美所鼓舞。6．contact vt.联络；联系n.联系；接触(教材p.27)For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, contact us at tourinfo@travelperu.org.如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请发电子邮件至tourinfo@ travelperu.org与我们联系。(1)in contact with　　　　　 接触；与……有联系(表状态)keep/stay in contact with 与……保持联系(2)lose contact with 与……失去联系be out of contact with 与……失去联系(表状态)[佳句]　Please contact me by e­mail if you are interested.如果你感兴趣，请发电子邮件与我联系。7．make up 构成；形成(教材p.27)These Inca roads were made up of two north­south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west.这些印加公路由两条南北走向的高速公路和许多贯穿山脉东西方向的小路组成。(1)make up a team　　　　　　　　 组建一个队make up for sth 弥补(2)be made up of 由……组成[佳句]　Our class is made up of 50 lively boys and girls, and Mr Liu is strict with each of us.我们班由50名活泼的男孩和女孩组成，刘老师对我们每个人都很严格。【核心句型】1．[句型公式]　It is/was ...that ...强调句型(教材p.26)It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分。强调句型需要注意以下几点：(1)该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。(2)强调句型中的it 本身没有词义， 但不能用其他词代替。(3)被强调部分指人时用that/who均可， 其他情况一律用that。[佳句]　It's her friendliness and the sense of responsibility that make me admire her.正是她的友善和责任感让我钦佩她。[练透]　单句语法填空/句型转换I met Mary on my way to school yesterday.→It was Mary that/who I met on my way to school yesterday.(强调宾语)→It was on my way to school that I met Mary yesterday.(强调地点状语)→It was yesterday that I met Mary on my way to school.(强调时间状语)2．[句型公式]　完全倒装结构(教材p.26)Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building.特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 完全倒装结构的用法：(1)作表语的分词短语、形容词提到系动词前面时，句子用完全倒装结构，即“分词/形容词＋系动词＋主语”结构；(2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装结构；(3)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装结构；(4)out、 in、 down、 up、 here、 there、 now、 then、 away等表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装结构。[佳句]　Into the dark apartment walked my friend, who was quite surprised when everyone shouted Happy Birthday.我朋友走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊生日快乐时，他感到很惊讶。Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves. 接下来是我让他们自己试一试的时候。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．We drove too fast in the street and ______ (narrow) missed hitting the car in the other direction.2．Yao Ming is recognised ______ one of the best basketball players in China.3．The new hospital will be______ (official) opened on Tuesday.4．He often provides accommodations ______ the poor for free.5．Everybody admires him ______ his sense of humour.6．This problem is not unique ______ learners of English.7．The ancient China was a very ______(power) country in the world.8．The city changed so greatly that it is totally beyond ______(recognise)．9．It is said the ______(fly) will take about 3 hours.10．There ______ (be) three tall trees in front of our house. Ⅱ.完成句子1．You can ______ ______ ______ ______ the beautiful Lijiang with a local guide.你可以在当地导游的带领下花一周时间游览美丽的漓江。2．He set off early ______ ______ ______ ______ the first bus.他很早就出发了，因此赶上了第一班车。 Ⅲ.句型转换1．It was the_culture,_rather_than_the_language， that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.→①________________________________________________________________________(改为一般疑问句)→②________________________________________________________________________(对画线部分提问) 2．Our new teacher stands in the front of the classroom.(改为完全倒装句)→________________________________________________________________________ 3．A young man with a book in his hand is sitting by the window.(改为完全倒装句)→________________________________________________________________________ “五一”那天，我收拾(pack)了一些衣服去北京旅游了。一到北京，我径直去了颐和园，它被认为(recognise)是中国最大、保存最好的皇家公园。那儿的风景极其(extremely)漂亮，以至(so that)我不愿意离开。然而，天黑了，我必须寻找住处(accommodation)。________________________________________________________________________Ⅰ.阅读理解Good afternoon, and welcome to England.We hope that your visit here will be a pleasant one.Today, I would like to draw your attention to a few of our laws.The first one is about drinking.Now, you may not buy alcohol(酒) in this country if you are under 18 years of age, nor may your friends buy it for you.Secondly, noise.Enjoy yourselves by all means, but please don’t make unnecessary noise, particularly at night.We ask you to respect other people who may wish to be quiet.Thirdly, crossing the road.Be careful! The traffic moves on the left side of the road in this country.Use pedestrian crossings(人行横道)and do not take any chances when crossing the road.My next point is about litter (throwing away waste material in a public place)．It is an offence(违法行为)to drop litter in the street.When you have something to throw away, please put it in your pocket and take it home, or put it in a litter bin.Finally, as regards something, it is against the law to buy cigarettes or tobacco(烟草) if you are under 16 years of age.I’d like to finish by saying that if you require any sort of help or assistance, you should contact your local police station, who will be pleased to help you.Now, are there any questions?(　　)1.The main purpose of this speech would be to________.A．prepare people for international travelB．declare the laws of different kindsC．inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD．give advice to travellers to the country(　　)2.How many laws are there discussed in the speech?A．Three. B．Four.C．Five. D．Six.(　　)3.The underlined word “contact” in the seventh paragraph means________.A．keep in touch with B．joinC．report D．get in touch with(　　)4.From the speech we learn that________.A．in this country, if you are under 18 years of age, you may not buy alcohol, but your friend can buy it for youB．you may not buy cigarettes or tobacco unless you are above 16 years of ageC．because the traffic moves on the left side of the road, you must use pedestrian crossings when crossing the roadD．you can’t make noise except at night Ⅱ.七选五Winter is a really fun time of the year—it’s great to have snowball fights and build snowmen.__1__ When it’s cold outside and you’re not prepared, you can feel uncomfortable.Lucky for you, learning how to stay safe is not difficult.● __2__ Wearing thick clothes is the best way to stay warm in cold.Depending on where you live and how cold it is, some kids may need more clothes, some less.● Take the hat.You maybe wear a large overcoat and ready to go, but are you forgetting something? __3__ You’ll stay much warmer with a hat than without one—tons of body heat escapes right from your head.● Drink up.Some like advice for hot weather, not cold weather, right? __4__ When you’re outside in the cold and breathing hard, your body loses a lot of water through your breath.And the best way to get that water back is to drink up!● Take it easy.Sometimes if you’re out having fun, it’s easy to forget to pay attention to your body.But if your body temperature drops even 4 or 5 degrees while you’re outside, it can make you feel terrible.__5__ And if you ever feel weak, those are signs that you have to take it easy indoors for a while.A．Love those clothes.B．Have a snowball fight.C．Pull a hat onto your head.D．That’s why you need to be careful with your body’s signals.E．Well, the truth is that it’s good advice for both kinds of weather.F．But you have to know how to be safe while you’re out having fun.G．You can stay outside as long as possible to fully enjoy your snow days. Ⅲ.语法填空No trip would be complete without experiencing the local food culture.Actually, China has various kinds of delicious food, including a wide variety of local snacks.For most of the foreigners I contacted, and myself 1.______(include), Peking Duck, Mongolian Hot Pot are the favourite Chinese dishes.China is a place 2.______ the food is not only delicious, but the 3.______(cheap) I’ve ever found.4.______ my last night in Beijing before 5.______ (return) to the States, I went to a Peking Duck restaurant that had been suggested for me to try.What a beautiful place! Splendid woodblock prints on the walls, fresh flowers in the vases, 6.______(attract) silverware(银餐具)and beautiful chopsticks.I was handed 7.______ menu and found most of the prices were especially low for the high quality of the food.Anyway, I ordered a whole duck, thinking I’d just take the rest back to my hotel 8.______(eat) later if I couldn’t finish it.9.______(believable), none of the whole duck 10.______(leave) on the plate in the end.