专题39 选择性必修四Unit3基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020）

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专题39 选择性必修四Unit3基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020） 选择性必修四Unit3基础知识复习：  单词词组搭配  短语  读后续写句法-定语从句的使用  练习 单词变形词组搭配mock adj. 假的，模拟的  vt. & vi. 嘲弄，嘲笑，模仿 mock at sb 嘲笑某人passionn. 激情，极度喜爱，酷爱 passionate  adj. 有激情的have passion for sth 对.........有激情salary  n. 薪水，薪金，工资salary一般指脑力劳动者的月薪或年俸wage多指体力劳动者按天或按周领取的工钱 attain  vt. & vi.  获得，取得，达到attainable   adj. 可获得的attain the goal 达到目标anticipatevt. 预料，预见，预计anticipation   n. 推测It is anticipated that..............据推测..........superioradj. 更好的，占优势的，上级的  n. 上级，长官，上司superiority  n.优势；优先感be superior to sb  (地位或级别)在某人之上的consultant    n. 顾问，咨询者，会诊医生consult   v. 咨询；请教consultant fee  咨询费receptionist    n.  接待员，前台小姐 receive    v. 接受reception  n. 接受 hirevt. & vi. 租用，雇用，聘用 n. 租用，雇用，租借，租金反义词：fire  v. 解雇hire sb 录用某人commercialadj. 商业的，贸易的，营利性的，商业性的commercially   adv.商业性地 budgetn. 预算，专项经费   vi. & vt. 编制预算  balance the budget 平衡预算within one’s budget   在预算之内proportionn. 比例，份额vt.  使成比例，使均衡 in proportion of… 按……的比例qualificationn. 资格，达到标准，资历，限制，合格，证书合格，学历qualify  v.有资历，有资格qualify sb for sth使某人某方面有资格qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事swing   n. 秋千，摆动，改变vi. & vt. 使摇摆，摆动 be in full swing  在热烈进行中，处于兴盛阶段 candidaten. 候选人，求职者，报考者，应试者，被认定合适者 candidate for sth   某职务候选人， 某岗位求职者 applicantn. 申请人，申请者apply  v.申请; 应用application  n.申请；应用apply for sth 申请...........apply to sth应用到............refreshedadj. 精力充沛的，恢复活力的，恢复精神的refresh  v. 恢复精力 delayn. 推迟，延缓，耽搁vi. & vt. 推迟，使延期同义词：postpone / put offwithout delay 毫不犹豫delay doing推迟做某事relevantadj.  相关的，切题的，有重大关系的，有意义的，有价值的反义词：irrelevant  adj.无关的同义词：related   adj. 有关的be relevant to.........与.........有关convey  vt. 表达，传达，传送，运输，转移 convey my feelings传达我的情感temporaryadj. 临时的，短暂的，昙花一现的，短时间的 temporarily  adv. 暂时地 endeavour/endeavor   n. 努力，尝试  vi. 尽力，努力 endeavour to do sth  努力做某事，尝试做某事 prejudice  n. 偏见，成见，反感，伤害 have prejudice against…  对……有偏见respective  adj. 各自的，分别的respectively  adv. 各自地 criterion  n. 标准，准则(pl. criteria) 标准 concisely  adv. 简明地，简洁地，简要地concise  adj.简明的；简要的 initiative  n. 主动权，倡议，进取心，首创性，主动性  adj. 开始的，主动的 一带一路  The Belt and Road Initiative 短语：1.earn a/one’s living=make one’s/a living_(谋生)2.pop up_(突然出现，冒出来)3.be fond of…_(喜欢……，喜爱……)4.status quo_(现状，原来的状况)5.have prejudice against…_(对……有偏见)6.under sb’s leadership_(在某人任领导期间，在某人领导之下)7.put/lay sth on the line__(把某事置于危险之中)8.detective work_(调查工作，研究工作)9.swing into action_(迅速采取行动，马上大干起来)10.gain the upper hand_(占上风，处于有利地位，有优势)11.prior to…_(在……之前)12.for the duration__(在此期间，在整个期间，直到结束)13.put one’s best foot forward(全力以赴，把自己最好的一面展现出来)14.not least(尤其，特别)15.last but not least_(最后不能不提，最后但同样重要，最后也同样重要)16.ripe old age(成熟老年，高龄)1.follow up_(跟进，采取后续行动，接着做)18.be drawn to…_(被……吸引) 读后续写句法-定语从句的使用成分，用关系代词that/which/who/whom/whose (指代物，用which/that)I am absorbed in the book which/that is on the desk.(指代人，做主语，用who/that) I admired the girl who/that is in a red dress.(指代人，作宾语，用whom/that)I am fond of the girl whom/that I saw yesterday.(谁的)Our classroom, whose window is very beautiful, is small.Our classroom, the window of which is very beautiful, is small.Our classroom, the window of which is very beautiful, is small.不缺成分，用关系代词when/where/why/介词+whichI miss the days when I had a happy time. I want to the place where I have many friends.I want to the reason why you are late.辨析：（1）I want to the reason why you are late.（1）The reason that/which you gave(缺成分，宾语) me is very boring. 单元练习根据首字母及句境暗示完成单词填空1. His money comes mainly from s______.     (salary)2. The car has four forward gears and one reverse _____.     (gear)3. The country a______ its independence in 1972.    (attained/achieved)4. Please make every e______ to arrive punctually.      (endeavour/effort)5. A new law has been brought in to discourage racial p______.   (prejudice)6. The large box in his room can s______ as a desk too.      (serve)7. The three men were given work according to their r______ abilities.    (respective)8. Mr. Smith is a r______ teacher and I am r______ to him. (respectable/respected, (respectful)9. Only by being sincere and respectful towards others can we earn their r______.    (respect)10. I’d like to see Europe as a nuclear-free z_____.     (zone)11. If a lawyer has plenty of c______, he grows rich.   (clients)12. Constant practice is the groundwork for success in _____ the piano.     (playing)13. We should not only know the theory but also how to a_____ it to practice.  (apply)14. Practice is the sole c______ for testing truth.    (criterion)15. Writing c______ means cutting anything that adds nothing to your meaning.  (concisely/clearly)16. Her new dress is the latest m_____ in this season.   (mode)17. No argument can j_____ a war.    (justify)18. If he is guilty, then by i______ so is his wife.     (inference) 19. A g_____ friend will not desert you in time of adversity.   (genuine/good)20. Before he could run away, she s_____ him by the collar.   (seized)21. It is innovation plus i______ that has kept it thriving.   (initiative)22. If you receive no response after you send your application, you can follow it ____ with a phone call.   (up) 应用文写作假设你是苏华，正在筹划一个校园美食节，写一封电子邮件给你校的外国交换生，介绍这个将举行的美食节并邀请他们参加。字数90—100。【答案】Dear international students,  I am excited to tell you that there will be a food festival in the dining-hall in our school this Sunday afternoon. I would be happy to have you here with us.    The food festival will start at 3:30 pm this Sunday afternoon. During the activity, you can enjoy various kinds of traditional Chinese food, for example, hot pot. At the same time, you can also participate in making the delicious Chinese food, to be specific, making dumplings with our volunteers. What a fantastic activity! I am sure you also think so.    If you are interested and willing to join, please call me. My phone number is 87787777. I do hope you can come. Looking forward to your reply!                                                                             Yours sincerely,                                                                             Su Hua 读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。I stood with my friends in a line. My heart was hammering like anything, my hands cold and wet, my head buzzing with excitement and nervousness at the same time. I earnestly listened but in my heart, I wanted it to end because then the head girl would be announced. I so wanted it to be me.I had made countless posters, badges and bracelets for the campaigning. Instead of having lunch during the lunch time, I had gone from person to person, asking them to vote for me. I had shouted at the top of my lungs the slogan, “East or West, Maryam is the best! Vote for her and your year will be best.”I had tried my hardest to convince people to vote for me, now all I had left was hope.“Guess who the head girl for the year is？” teased the announcer.A heavy silence fell, one that was full of hope and expectation, of fear and of nervousness.The announcer teased for a minute or two before finally announcing the name of the head girl.I felt confused as my friends pushed me out of the line. As I looked at the huge crowd clapping for me, I could not believe that I was the head girl of the school. The head of the council body. The student that was respected and liked by everybody.From then on, I enjoyed the respect I got in and out of school. At home, my family members praised me and at school everyone looked up to me. They thought I was an inspiration as well as someone they could get motivated by. I had power. I could talk to the school principal and convince her to do anything. I could order around other council members and ask them to do anything.But as days passed, I realized that with power comes responsibility.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。I was given countless responsibilities along with my studies. ___________________________________The principal listened attentively, her concern clearly written on her face. _____________________【答案】I was given countless responsibilities along with my studies. I had to check students’ uniforms, keep an alert eye on bullies, and maintain order when students queue up for meals. My energy and the excitement ran out as I realized that with a position comes a burden. As a result, my marks dropped dramatically and I eventually broke down. One day, I found myself in the principal’s office, telling her with deep sorrow that I could no longer be the head girl.The principal listened attentively, her concern clearly written on her face. She put her hand on my shoulder and expressed her understanding. She suggested I turn to the former head girl and find some assistants. I was doubtful at first, but my doubts vanished as the suggestions proved very helpful. Now I feel I can be able to do this and at the same time do well in my studies. When you ask for power, you should be prepared to accept the responsibilities that come with it too.