专题43 选修一Unit1基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020）

这是一份专题43 选修一Unit1基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020），共8页。
专题43 选修一Unit1基础知识复习-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020） 选修一Unit1基础知识复习：  单词词组搭配  短语  读后续写技巧-动作描写  练习 单词变形词组搭配probe  n. (不载人)空间探测器；探究；探测仪probe  vt.&vi. 调查; 打探，探究a space probe 宇宙探测器，太空探测器a corruption probe对腐败行为的彻底调查probe into 探究；详尽调查formation n. 组成物，形成物；组成，形成；编队，队形form   v.（使）形成，（使）产生  n. 外形(貌)，形状; 表格;a rock formation  一块岩石的结构take form  开始形成（发展）filter v. 过滤; 筛选 filter sth out 把某物过滤掉evolve vi. & vt. 进化，演化；（使）逐渐形成，逐渐演变evolvement  n.发展,进化,演化,演变evolution  n.发展；演变；演化evolve (from sth) (into sth) 从......进化成.........capture  vt. 俘获，捕获；用武力夺取；夺得，赢得 capture sb's imagination / attention    引起某人的想象/吸引某人的注意capture sb's heart  赢得某人的心scarce adj. 缺乏的，稀少的scarce resources  紧缺的资源scarcely  adv.  几乎不句型：scarcely…when…= hardly…when… = no sooner…than…一….....就........solely  adv.唯一；单独地sole  adj. 仅有的；独有的 await vt. 将发生在，将降临到（某人头上）；等候，等待 await sb 等待某人leap  n.跳跃，跳高；骤变，激增vt.&vi. 跳，跳跃；猛冲，突然做（某事）；骤增过去式：leapt过去分词：leaptleap at the opportunity急忙抓住机会Look before you leap.  三思而后行alter vt.&vi. （使）改变，更改；修改（衣服使更合身）alternative  adj.可供选择的           n.可供替代的物alter a dress改衣服thrive vi. 茁壮成长，蓬勃发展thriving adj.兴盛的，蓬勃的thrive on sth. 乐意做〔别人觉得难做或不乐意做的事〕;〔在其他人看来不利的环境中〕成功enlightening adj. 让人受启发的enlighten  v.启发，启迪；开导enlightenment  n. 领悟; 开导an enlightening lecture 启发性的演讲  短语：  advance our understanding of the universe提高我们对宇宙的认识  It is estimated that........据估计...........  Take a close look beneath the waves仔细地观察海底  in equal measure 在同等程度上  be facinated by........对........着迷  Sth remain to be expored 有待探索  pave the way for.......为......铺平道路  spare no efort in........不遗余力做.......  with regard to=with respect to  有关To put it simply, .............简言之。。。It is widely that........人们普遍认为............have a profound impact on...........对..............有深远的影响obtain new sights into........获得对..........新的认识 读后续写技巧-动作描写 通过分解动作使之更具有画面感①He thanked the man, took over the reins and led the pony in my direction. ②Seeing this, Mr. Rowe came up to him, crouched down and asked in a tone of tender solicitude, “What’s up?”③With a pang of nervousness seizing his heart tightly, he stood in front of the door, wondering about the old man’s reaction to being disturbed a second time. Finally, he summoned up all his courage and knocked at the door.  情景1：碰到难题，苦思冥想。What a complicated and difficult math problem! One second, Little John rested his chin in his hand and fiddled with the pencil. The next, he fidgeted in his seat and scratched his head over and over again, not having the faintest idea how to work it out.情景2：成功爬上山顶。The magnificent landscape unfolding in front of me, a sense of refreshment spread through me. Involuntarily, I stretched out my arms, tilted my head and exclaimed in delight at the top of my voice, feeling the crisp breeze on my face. 鉴赏案例1：请根据所给句子内容，结合原文，续写后面的句子。句子①：Suddenly, a boy ran around the corner and crashed into me before I could jumped out of the way.[习作展示和赏析]学生句子1: As result, we fell down and the gift box dropped to the ground.学生句子2: We fell hard to the ground, and my gift box flew from my hands and landed on the street with a thump.【解析】句子1只停留在发生了什么，属于叙述。而句子2我们重重的摔在地上，礼物随之飞出去砰的一声落在地上，则是通过fell, flew from, landed on这三个动作来描写杯子掉落的场景。这个句子不仅讲述了事件发生的经过，还给句子加上了声音“with thump”!要使一个平淡  的叙述句子转换成一个生动形象的描写句子可以通过分解动作或给句子加上声音，来使描写更具有画面感。  添加符合情境的细节描写使之更具有画面感。在人物动作描写之外添加其心理、神态等，有时也可以辅以适当的环境描写。给动作“涂脂抹粉” ①With his head drooping, John reluctantly turned around, and slowly inched his way to his room. ②In a sobbing voice, he admitted and regretted having cheated in the test. ③Without a momentary hesitation, I elbowed my way through the crowd in the direction of Lego section and all the way kept calling my brother’s name, a note of uneasiness in my voice.  情景3：发现一只受伤的小鸟。On the grass ahead lay a swallow with an outstretched wing that was obviously broken. Seeing this, Little Betty walked swiftly beside the poor little creature, stooped down, and lifted it in her cupped hands gently and carefully as if holding a precious and fragile treasure. 给动作“配上声音” 给动作“加上表情”Taking a deep breath, he summoned up all his remaining courage and gently knocked at the door. With a flicker of anger in his eyes, the old man opened the door and snapped in a cold voice, “Why come again?!” Timidly, the boy stretched out his hands and stuffed his dog figurine into the old man’s palm. “For me?” asked the man, confusion registering on his face. The boy nodded, “I hope you’ll like it.” Eyes lingering on the figurine, the man’s face softened, and, much to the boy’s astonishment, it creased into a faint smile. “Thank you,” uttered the old man, his eyes red-rimmed with tears.  情景4：久别之后回到家。The familiar sight came into view. Involuntarily, he clutched the handle of the luggage more firmly and quickened his pace towards his home, his mind drifting to the surprised and delighted expression on his mother’s face. Reaching the doorstep, he paused to compose himself, pushed open the door and exclaimed in delight, “Mum, I’m home,” with his eyes sparkling with anticipation. 给动作“融入心理”①But I, consumed with intense anger at her sudden appearance in my doorway, just cast her an indifferent glance, ignored her pleading look and uttered no word. ②Torn between the overwhelming yearning for the delicate boots and the melancholy for our depressing Christmas, I came to a halt halfway to the shoe store.  情景5：憧憬假期。With his chin in his cupped hand, he sat there motionlessly, all his mind on where to spend the long-anticipated holiday. Actually, all these days he had been racking his brains to figure out a plan. Then all of a sudden, he had an idea — how about going to the beach for relaxation? “Yes, that’s it!” he whispered to himself, his lips curving into a beaming smile. 给动作“添上环境” ①Anxiously straining my eyes, I scanned the toy store, but he was nowhere to be found. Outside, thunder and lightning continued; inside, chaotic noise rang in my ears. Deep anxiety dominating me, I was on the verge of tears and stood rooted in blackness, hopeless and helpless. ②Worse still, when the fire died down, the whole wilderness was enveloped in pitch darkness, with no one in sight. What kept us company was the chill wind that ruthlessly whipped my face, gradually devouring the last bit of the remaining hope in my heart.  情景6：得知被心仪的大学录取。The Admission Letter clutched tightly in my hand, I jumped up and down with undisguised excitement. Tired, I lay down on the grass and hummed my little tune along with the birds’ twittering. The breeze, though a bit cool, blew into my heart, dispelling the anxiety that had haunted me for a long time.  鉴赏案例2：请比较以下两句话，哪句话更符合例1中的情境。   1: When we got to the apartment, we plopped down on chairs. The air felt warmer, and the room seemed brighter.2: When we got to the apartment, we plopped down on chairs. The air froze, and the room seemed darker than it supposed to be at dusk.【解析】句2更符合。解析：回到家后，我和Aide生气的坐在椅子上。此刻，我们的心情应该是沉重的。仔细阅读句子1、2,不难发现，句子2更符合当时的情景。我们俩因为心爱的礼物被撞碎了，又伤心又难过。此时空气犹如凝固了一般，整个家看起来比往日显得更加沉闷了。可见，添加符合情境的环境描写能使描写更具画面感。 写作案例3：请用描写的方式将下句话中的省略部分补充完整。"It isn't fair! Why did that happen？" Aiden cried. His lower lip trembled…____________________________________________________________________【答案】"It isn't fair! Why did that happen? "Aiden cried. His lower lip trembled, his eyes were filled with tears and his hands shook.【解析】 Aiden哭了，后面一串省略号可以添加符合情境的人物细节描写来凸显一个哭泣、伤心的人。比如说他的下嘴唇颤抖着，他的眼里充满泪水，他的双手颤抖，他的心如死水等，从而构建了一个立体的画面感。 单元练习单词拼写1 .Some fish have both male and female organs to increase the chances of r                .2. Fish are so s                at these depths that it can be difficult for them to find a mate.3. Because of excessive human destruction, natural disasters, such as                   （地质的）events like earthquakes, tsunamis or mud-rock flows are threatening our homes.4.If we want to find exciting new life forms as well as  unusual life                   （组成,构造）, the ocean is where we should also be looking.5.They cannot rely               （只，仅仅） on their eyesight to survive and have evolved fascinating survival characteristics.6.Who knows what wonders still a              us in the future.7.Similarly, tidal records l         down in ancient mouths also reveal different lengths of days and years of past.8.Surely, a study of the inside of our planet would lead to exciting and                     （让人受启发的）discoveries.9.Tom and Mike have been best                 (伙伴) since they moved to this city.10.They drifted on the lake, fishing and catching             (虾) to get by. 【答案】  reproduction     2.scarce       3.geological       4.formation     5.solely     6.await             7.laid          8.enlighting      9.companies      10.shrimps