2022年全国甲卷英语阅读理解高频词块及易错考点解析讲义

2022年全国甲卷高考英语阅读理解高频词块及易错考点解析 阅读理解A篇高频词组（一）原文:St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff’s entertainment centre.【点睛】very非常；很Everyone was so friendly and like-minded that it was very easy to feel at home.每个人都如此友好、志趣相投，以至于很容易有家的感觉。注意：very可修饰形容词或副词原级，不能直接修饰动词，依照“a(n)+very+形容词+中心名词”顺序排列如:He made a very boring after-dinner speech.他在晚宴后的讲话很枯燥。（二）原文:It presents live entertainment.【点睛】present展示One day the emperor called all great artists to come and present their finest work.一天，皇帝把所有伟大的画家都请来，让他们展示自己最好的作品。      常见考点①　present vt.vt.提出Your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns.对手提出你的担忧，并讨论与这些担忧相关的感受和问题。②　at present 目前,现在 She is in Beijing at present.③　for the present 日前,暂时=now but not necessarily in the future : That will do for the present.④　in the presence of 在…在场的情况下The talks took place in the presence of a diplomatic observer.（三）原文：It presents live entertainment.【点睛】live现场直播的Live show 实况转播；现场表演We watched a live television show.我们观看了一场电视现场直播的表演。      常见考点①　live through 度过 The old man lived through two world wars.②　live up to 遵守,实践(诺言,原则); The teacher hopes that his students will live up to his expectations.（四）原文：Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.【点睛】the rest of  其余的，剩下的The rest of the men had the day off.其余的人放假一天。      常见考点rest on/upon(=depend on) 取决于The long-term future of the country rests on how we teach our children.这个国家的长期未来取决于我们如何教育我们的孩子。（五）原文：Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.【点睛】be sure to do 肯定做摸事Be sure to do the sowing in good time.确保适时播种。      常见考点①　for sure/certain (certainly, definitely) 肯定地，有把握地We'll win for sure. 我们肯定会获胜。②　make sure弄清, 弄确实Make sure he writes it down.  阅读理解A篇语法考点（一） 原文：It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here.【点睛】双重否定You cannot fail to obey it. 你不能不服从它。　No one can avoid being tempted by the beauty of Shangri-la. 没有人能避免受到香格里拉美景的诱惑。In physics class, he failed to understand what Professor Wang was talking about.物理课上，他没听懂王教授所讲的内容。A humorous friend can never fail to help us to see the sunny side, especially when we feel frustrated and depressed.一个幽默的朋友总能帮助我们看到阳光灿烂的一面，尤其是当我们感到沮丧和沮丧的时候。（二）原文：The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years.【点睛】现在完成时：　　1.构成：have / has + 过去分词　　2.功能：　　(1)表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与yet, just, before, recently, lately(最近), ever, never等表时间的副词搭配使用。　　He hasn't seen her lately.　　I haven't finished the book yet.　　(2)表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：so far(迄今为止), up till now(直到现在), since, for a long time(很长时间), up to present(直到现在), in the past / in the last few years(在过去的几年里), these days(目前)……　　He has worked here for 15 years.　　I have studied English since I came here.　　The foreigner has been away from China for a long time.　　So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother.　　(3)某些非延续性动词(即：动作开始便终止的动词)，在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。　　黄金要点：　　I.常见的非延续动词：die, arrive(到达), join(加入), leave(离开), go, refuse(拒 绝), fail(失败), finish, buy, marry, divorce(离婚), awake(醒), buy, borrow, lend ... (背三遍!)　　II.这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。　　III.但若是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。　　She has gone away for a month.(误)　　She has been away for a month (正)　　The man has died for two years.(误)　　The man has been dead for two years.(正)　　How long have youbought the book?(误)　　How long have you got the book.(正)　　(4)注意 since的用法：　　They haven't had any trouble since they came here.　　It has been ten years since we met last time.　　He has been here since 1980.　　He has been here since ten years ago.　　几组对比：　　He has gone to Shanghai. 他到上海去了。　　He has been to Shanghai. 他去过上海。　　She has gone. 她已走了。　　She is gone. 她缺席了。(或者她死了。)　　The door has been closed. 门关上了。(动作)The door is closed. 门是关着的。(状态) 阅读理解B篇高频词组（一）原文：Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. 【点睛】shape 形状      常见考点①　N.in the shape of  呈...形状,以...的形式 a cake in the shape of a heart②　vt.塑造The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture.  这辆车塑造了美国文化中一些最持久的方面。（二）原文：The birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from.【点睛】choose from从.....中选择There are plenty of restaurants to choose from.有许多餐馆可供选择。（三）原文：It will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 【点睛】do the same with 也这样做The site suggests you should do the same with your career—find out what jobs are available and what your options are.这个网站建议你在职业生涯中也这样做——弄清有哪些工作可供选择，以及你的选择是什么。（四）原文： In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition .【点睛】in most cases 大部分情况下In most cases, we only need a few but not all.在大部分情况下，我们只需要几个而不是全部。         常见考点①　in no case 无论如何不,决不 In no case shall we surrender(投降).②　in case of  假如,如果发生;防备  In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. （五）原文：The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索)alone.【点睛】according to  按照,根据 According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow.据电台报道，明天会下雨。（六）原文：The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索)alone.【点睛】rely on 依赖；信赖We're relying on you to find a solution to this problem. 我们要依靠你去找到这个问题的解决方法。 阅读理解B篇重点语法考点      原文：In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 【点睛】before的用法before在英语中是一个比较常用的虚词，它既可作介词或副词用，也可作从属连词用。在近几年的高考试题中常常出现考查其从属连词用法的题目。下面就把其作为从属连词的用法归纳如下：1. 表示“在……之前就……”。Mary had finished her homework before her mother returned.2. 表示“过了多久后才……，动作进行到什么程度才……”。The man almost knocked me down before he saw me.They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.3. 表示“来不及；尚未……就……”。Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.She left the company before I could have a word with her.4. 表示“刚…就…”I had hardly sat down before the bell rang.5. 表示“不知不觉就……；还没弄清就……”Time passed quickly and three months went by before Aqiao knew it.6. 表示“宁愿……，决不……，与其……，毋宁……”常与will或would连用。I would die before I would tell. I would / will die before I surrender .7. 表示“否则；以免”Do it now before you forget.I will write it down before I forget it .8. 用于句型“it was +时间段+ before …”表示 “过了多久才…”It was three days before he came back.9. 用于句型“it was not long +时间段+ before …”意为“不久就……”It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position .10. 用于句型“it will be(not )+时间段+ before…”表示“要过多久/ 不久…才…”It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.It will be not long before you find you are wrong .      原文：This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.【点睛】强调句的考查要点1.使用助动词do，does和did对谓语动词进行强调。First impressions really do count.2.运用强调句型来强调除谓语动词以外的其他句子成分。强调句型的基本句型结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。可用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语、表语、同位语等成分。在复习强调句型时，要注意以下几个方面：(1)强调句型中的主谓一致在强调句型中，当对陈述句中的主语进行强调时，无论被强调的主语是单数还是复数，主句中的谓语动词都要用单数形式It is/was...，同时，that从句中的谓语动词要与被强调的主语在人称和数方面保持一致。It is my parents that/who often help me get out of trouble.(2)当对地点状语、时间状语或其他状语从句进行强调时，只能用连接词that，而不能用where，when，why或how等。It was on August 8,2008 that the 29th Summer Olympic Games were opened in Beijing.(3)强调句型的疑问句在强调句中，无论被强调部分是什么句子成分，变为一般疑问句时，都须将主句改为疑问语序，即将“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”改为“Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分？”或“疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他成分？”结构。Was it her failing her exam that made her parents unhappy？When was it that she changed her mind？(4)在对not...until...结构中的until时间状语或时间状语从句进行强调时，要将句中的not移至until之前，构成：It is/was not until...that...。注意that从句中的谓语动词要变成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒装语序。I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.＝It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 阅读理解C篇高频词组（一）原文：As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello.【点睛】longing用作不及物动词，以为“可望、极想”。 ①　后接不定式： Parents longed to see their sons return from war。父母渴望儿子从战场归来。 ②　后接介词for，然后再接宾语：  The children are longing for the festival。孩子们渴望着节日的来临。 （二）原文：Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel.【点睛】Ever since 从那时到现在He's been there ever since you left!（三）原文：Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. 【点睛】have a deep love深爱We thought we would have a deep love toward somebody.我们以为我们会对某人有很深的爱。（四）原文：I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous.【点睛】have no idea about不知道I have no idea about it.对此我一点都不知道。（五）原文：I just wanted to do it.【点睛】just adv.只是，仅仅是It looked like a beautiful woven blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.它看起来像一条美丽的编织毯，摊在地上，只是为了我们。          常见考点adv.刚刚，刚好，刚才It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begun. 那是星期一上午，写作课刚刚开始。（六）原文：Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has.【点睛】make (leave) an impression on sb =give sb an impression 给…留下印象He has told me his plans and he's made a good impression on me.         常见考点impress sb with sth 给…留下印象I had a chance to impress her with my efficiency and I muffed it up.  我本来有机会使她对我的办事效率有印象,但是我错过了这个机会。（七）原文：The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans.【点睛】be respected by 受......的尊重He was respected by all who knew him for his kindness.他为人谦和，认识他的人都很尊重他。         常见考点①　be respectful of... 尊重...We were respectful of craft and focused on digginginto the characters we were going to play我们尊重技巧，专注于挖掘我们要扮演的角色。②　with respect to 关于,至于 I am writing with respect to your recent letter.（八）原文：Bring back lost memories【点睛】 bring (sb/sth) back 使回想起，恢复……bring (sb/sth) back 使回想起The old photograph brought back many memories. 这张旧照片引起了很多回忆。         常见考点①　bring (sb/sth) back 使恢复……By bringing the broken down ecosystems back to normal.通过使崩溃的生态系统恢复正常。②　bring about引起，导致The Internet has brought about enormous changes in society.网络带来了巨大的社会变革。③　bring forward =put forward提前，提出建议They decided to bring forward the date of the next meeting. 他们决定将下一次会议的日期提前。④　bring up sb 抚养某人Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生后不久父母双亡，是由姑母抚养大的。⑤　bring up sth 提出 These are matters that you can bring up in committee. 这些问题你可在委员会中提出。⑥　bring...together 使...团结起来，联合起来The advantage is that partners can bring together ideas, talents, and money.好处是合伙人可以集思广益，聚集人才和资金。⑦　bring...close to...使...接近...Sports can not only improve our body and relax our mind, but can also bring us close to nature, and enable us to enjoy our lives fully. 体育运动不仅提高我们的体质，轻松大脑，而且可以让我们更接近生命的真谛，让我们能够充分享受生活。⑧　bring in 赚得、挣How much does she bring in now?她现在挣多少钱? （九）原文：Stick to a promise.【点睛】Stick to忠于,信守Stick to忠于,信守to stick to one's plans         常见考点Stick to坚持、维持Sticking to doing exercise every day is good for health.每天坚持锻炼对身体有好处。（十） 原文：It should be easily accessible.【点睛】be accessible to 可接近的Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。 阅读理解D篇高频词组（一）原文：I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.【点睛】back and forth 来回地,反复地  The chair rocked back and forth.          常见考点①　back up  支持,援助  The policeman wouldn't have believed me if you hadn't backed me up. ②　turn one’s back on sb (=close one’s eye to sb) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃 If the world turns its back on you, you turn your back on the world.（二）原文：“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.【点睛】part v. 离开；分离；解散         常见考点      part with...与...分开；离开...He spent so many unforgettable days with them that he was unwilling to part with them.他与他们一起度过那么多难忘的日子，他舍不得离开他们。      part with (=give up, let go of) 舍弃,卖掉She hated to part with her favorite sweater, but it could not be mended and she had to throw it away.她不愿舍弃她心爱的毛衣，可是，又没办法补好，只得把它丢了。（三）原文：We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. 【点睛】make up sb.'s mind 某人拿定主意He couldn't make up his mind about what to do with the money.         常见考点①　bear/keep sb./sth. in mind 记住；牢记We, as students, should always keep in mind that we should use computer in an appropriate way.作为学生，我们应该时刻记住我们应该以适当的方式使用电脑。他拿不定主意该如何处理这笔钱。②　change sb.'s mind 改变主意I was afraid that Mandy would change her mind.我怕曼迪会改变主意。（四）原文：On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. 【点睛】On the other hand 另一方面On the one hand the hotel is near the sea, but on the other hand it costs a lot.好的方面是这旅馆靠海，可是另一方面房租太贵。         常见考点①　hand down 传下来,依给Such knowledge was handed down from father to son.②　hand on 传下来,依次传递 Please read this notice and hand it on.③　hand out 分发,发给 hand out the pencils④　hand over 交出,移交,让与 The thief was handed over to the police.⑤　in hand 撑握 Don't worry, I have the matter well in hand.on hand 在手边,临近,在场 =ready for use or to take part（五）原文：On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.【点睛】at the same time 同时; 然而,不过 He can be very rude, but at the same time I can't help liking her.他可能很粗鲁，但同时我也忍不住喜欢她。         常见考点①　at a time 每次,一次 The people came in two at a time.②　at one time 曾经,一度; 同时 At one time I used to like her, but not any more.③　ahead of time 提前 They arrived ahead of time.（六）原文：Many people say that we lack culture in this country.【点睛】lack 缺乏lack of sth. 没有……；……匮乏；……短缺The report says lack of water may result in several problems.报告提到水资源缺乏会引发很多问题。（七）原文：He looks forward to a new life.【点睛】look forward to期望I now look forward to going back to work as soon as possible.         常见考点①　Look  n. 外观，外表，样子；（用眼睛）看，瞧 By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.通过选择保持房子外部的良好形状，你将有助于改善该地区的外观和感觉。 ①　look up to 尊敬,敬仰 =respectYou're a popular girl, Grace, and a lot of the younger ones look up to you.你是个受欢迎的女孩，格雷丝，许多比你小的女孩都仰慕你。②　look back on 回顾；回忆Such a rich chapter it had been, when one came to look back on it all!当一个人回顾这一切的时候，他会发现这是多么丰富多彩的一章啊！③　Look for寻找The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top.早期登山者所寻找的是通往山顶的最方便的途径。（八）原文：It should speed up its progress.【点睛】speed up加快，加速I had already taken steps to speed up a solution to the problem.我已经采取措施加快解决该问题。（九）原文：Which statement will the author probably agree with?【点睛】agree with  一致；相符合I quite agree with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。         常见考点①　agreed to同意, 允诺She agreed to my idea她同意我的想法。②　agree on  对…意见一致We agree on this count这一点上,我们的意见一致。（十） 原文：Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.【点睛】 at the cost of sth.以牺牲某事物为代价She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life.          常见考点at all costs 不惜任何代价,无论如何We must avoid war, at all costs.（十一）原文：But it is the harbor that makes the city. 【点睛】make 造就但是是港口造就了城市。（十二）原文：He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.【点睛】can’t help doing 某人忍不住（无法抑制）做某事        After winning the championship of men’s 1，500 metres freestyle final， Sun Yang couldn’t help crying. 夺得男子1500米自由泳冠军后，孙杨忍不住哭了。        Netiziens can’t help discussing heatedly when Chen Yibing was ranked second. 陈一冰意外摘银，网友们忍不住热议。