还剩11页未读，
继续阅读
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land巩固练习
展开
这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land巩固练习，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分， 满分37，A 解析，C 解析， D 解析，B22，B3l，【解析】考查名词词义辨析，【解析】考查形容词词义辨析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 5 Working the Land
单元素养评估A卷
第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Venice, a small waterside city in northeast Italy, boils with happiness and excitement once every year. Between February 21 and March 4, carnival (狂欢节) hits the streets.
For most people carnival means large parties and feasting. But in Venice, it also means traditional masks and costumes.
These costumes were originally meant to hide personal identities. Then, different social classes could mix in a sea of happiness. Along the waterway, people greeted each other with “Good morning, Mrs. Mask！”
Today, people in Venice still dress up in the strangest ways — as armed soldiers, butchers and fishermen, for example.
Bars and cafes are filled with partygoers who come to show off their fancy costumes. Their designs and creations are made by special studios. Readymade costumes are not acceptable.
“In the months before the carnival we work overtime to meet the demand，” said a maskmaker. “Many kilometers of silk and lace are made into costumes. For shopkeepers, carnival is the best time of year.”
The Venice carnival dates back to the Middle Ages. At that time, the city was one of the wealthiest in Europe.
The tradition of celebrating with masks and costumes is thought to have been started by the “Stocking Companies”. These were groups of young men who organized parties and festivals and wore colorful stockings to distinguish_themselves.
By the 18th century，the carnival had reached its peak. It all came to an end when Napoleon conquered (征服) Venice in 1797.But in 1979, local people brought the old tradition back to life.
Now the Venice carnival attracts huge crowds from all over the world. This year, about 700,000 people are taking part in. Hotels were fully booked months in advance, bars and restaurants overflow every day.
The city certainly benefits — a whole industry has been built up around the carnival's masks and costumes. “The Venice carnival is a magical time! It's such a great experience，” said one French tourist.
1．During the carnival ________.
A．students of all ages also join in the activities
B．people want to be dressed in the most beautiful clothes
C．people in the costumes and masks want to make others think they are rich
D．people dressed in the strangest ways don't want to be recognized
2．That people at the carnival were greeted “Mrs. Mask！” shows that ________.
A．all the people at the carnival were women at one time
B．all the people at the carnival wore masks
C．people weren't able to tell men from women at the carnival
D．people at the carnival don't know each other
3．What does the underlined expression “distinguish themselves” most possibly mean?
A．To make themselves up.
B．To make themselves different.
C．To warm themselves up.
D．To recognize themselves.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了威尼斯狂欢节的特点。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知选D项。其他选项不符合威尼斯狂欢节的特点。
2．B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，狂欢节人们会戴面具，由此可知狂欢节人们认不出面具内的人，就都成了“面具夫人”。
3．B 词义猜测题。该句说年轻人组成的这个团体披挂五颜六色的袜子，组织各种晚会，其目的是为了显示自己的与众不同，所以选B 项。A 项“化妆”不妥，因为他们只是披挂袜子而已；C 项“暖和”之说与喜庆无关；D 项“认出自己”在此也不太准确，尽管distinguish 本身有这个意义。
B
I am proud to be a member of two cultures. Even though I am only ten years old, I have lived in two countries and in two cultures. I have lived in both Mexico and the United States.
I was born in the state of Michoacán. I was born in a small town called Quinceo. Life there was simple and peaceful. There was a small market where we would go on Sundays. There was a corral where we would go and watch rodeos. After school, my friends and I would go for a swim in a creek. My mom did not work; she stayed at home taking care of our family. Life in Quinceo was nice, but money was sometimes not enough to support us.
In 1996, the day came when my dad decided to bring us to the United States. Leaving my town was hard, but it was important that my family stay together. When I left Mexico, I had a lot of special friends and nice teachers.
When I first came to the United States, I started at a new school in Chicago. I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher. She helped me all the time.
My education now is different from the one in Mexico. Here, I am studying in two languages. I feel very happy because I am able to communicate in two languages. In my case, speaking Spanish is an indication of my Mexican heritage. Speaking English is a symbol of my triumph and the struggles that I have as an immigrant in this country. Now that I have been here three years, I am proud to offer my help and support to people who need it.
I urge those who come from Mexico and other countries to learn English and to continue speaking their native language, too. It will help them reach out to others.
4．What does the writer think of Mexico?
A．She doesn’t like it because it’s poor.
B．She was too young to remember it.
C．She loves the country and is proud of it.
D．She wants to get rid of it so she left.
5．Why did the family move to the US?
A．Because they were in need of more money.
B．Because the mother found no peace in Quinceo.
C．Because they wanted to experience a new culture.
D．Because the author could have new friends.
6．Which of the following statements about the author is WRONG?
A．She wants to be a teacher and support people.
B．She enjoyed company of friends at the new school.
C．She enjoyed life in Mexico and also in the USA．
D．Her new school teaches in English and Mexican.
7．The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．explain how the author learns English well as a teen
B．help people to understand American immigrants better
C．introduce the life in her hometown Quinceo in Mexico
D．persuade immigrants not to drop their mother tongue
答案：CAAD
【分析】本文为记叙文。作者出生于墨西哥，后来跟随家人到美国，因受到双重文化的熏陶而受益匪浅。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段I was born in the state of Michoacán. I was born in a small town called Quinceo. Life there was simple and peaceful(我出生在米却肯州。我出生在一个叫昆塞奥的小镇上。那里的生活简单而平静)可知，她热爱这个国家，并为此感到自豪。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段Life in Quinceo was nice, but money was sometimes not enough to support us(在Quinceo的生活很好，但钱有时不足以维持我们的生活)可知，作者全家搬到美国，因为他们需要更多的钱。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher(在学校里，我在西班牙人、我的朋友和老师中找到了关心和陪伴)可知，她喜欢在新学校有朋友作伴，故排除B项；根据 Leaving my town was hard, but it was important that my family stay together. When I left Mexico, I had a lot of special friends and nice teachers(当我离开墨西哥时，我有很多特别的朋友和好老师)和When I first came to the United States, I started at a new school in Chicago. I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher(当我第一次来到美国时，我在芝加哥的一所新学校开始学习。在学校里，我在西班牙人、我的朋友和老师中间找到了关心和陪伴)可知，她喜欢在墨西哥和美国的生活，故排除C项；由Here, I am studying in two languages. I feel very happy because I am able to communicate in two languages(在这里，我用两种语言学习。我感到非常高兴，因为我可以用两种语言交流。)可知，她的新学校用英语和墨西哥语授课，故排除D项。综上，排除B，C和D项。选项A. She wants to be a teacher and support people(她想成为一名教师帮助别人)并未提及，故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段I urge those who come from Mexico and other countries to learn English and to continue speaking their native language, too (我敦促来自墨西哥和其他国家的人们学习英语，并继续说他们的母语。)可知，这篇文章的目的是说服移民不要放弃母语。D。
C
Dear Sir，
There is a plan to build a new supermarket on the edge of the Whitefields housing estate(住宅区), on the land where the local library now is. I live at Whitefields, and I would like to express my concern about this plan. It is not that I am completely against the idea of building a supermarket — I just think that as a community we need to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages before committing ourselves.
It is clear that the library is underused and in poor condition. It is also clear that there are very few shops near here and a supermarket would be a good thing to have. But the people who want to build the supermarket seem to think that no one wants the library any more, and that it isn't a must because of the Internet and so on. Is this necessarily true, especially for elderly people？What about young people who don't have the Internet at home and need to go to the library to do their homework？Where can they study if they have to share a room with a younger brother or sister?
On the other hand, there is an argument that a new supermarket would not only bring more choice of shopping and more convenience for local people, but it would also bring some muchneeded jobs for younger people in the town — and this is a good point. What we need to do is consider the effect a supermarket will have on our quality of life. Certainly local people, including me, will find shopping a lot easier and more convenient. But there will also be extra traffic. In a few years from now, the roads in and around will be full of cars in the daytime and delivery lorries at night, and not only that — we will have got used to it,_too. Are more jobs and more convenience worth such an influence on our daily lives？Perhaps, but this is what we have to ask ourselves.
I believe that all the people of Whitefields, and the authority, need to discuss this question in an openminded way — and I hope that by the time a decision is taken, we will have had a full and fair discussion of the issues involved, and that the local authority will have really listened to everyone's view. Is that too much to ask?
Yours faithfully，
Tom Watkins
8．The supporters of the supermarket probably think ________.
A．the library is no longer needed
B．the library is too poor to be rebuilt
C．the supermarket brings down goods price
D．supermarket increases local workers' income
9．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Shopping convenience.
B．Job opportunity.
C．Life quality.
D．Traffic condition.
10．What is the author's attitude toward the plan?
A．Approving. B．Neutral.
C．Negative. D．Confident.
11．Why is the letter written?
A．To promote effective public reading.
B．To call for concern over an urban project.
C．To discuss ways of improving life quality.
D．To express dissatisfaction with public equipment.
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。作者通过书信的形式向有关部门建议要谨慎考虑把图书馆改建为超市的计划。虽然超市能方便人们的日常生活， 提供就业机会， 但图书馆能丰富没有网络的人的精神世界， 帮助学生完成作业， 这一点是超市无法取代的。因此作者希望有关部门能够慎重考虑。
8．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the people who want to build the supermarket seem to think that no one wants the library any more”可知， 支持建超市的人是因为他们觉得不再有人想要图书馆了。
9．D 词义猜测题。it作代词时， 代表前文已提到过的一件事物。前文中提到“the roads in and around will be full of cars in the daytime and delivery lorries at night(这个住宅区的路白天会塞满车， 晚上有运输卡车)”可知， 此处的it指的是交通情况。
10．C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I would like to express my concern about this plan. It is not that I am completely against…”可知， 作者写这封信的目的是为了表达自己对于这个计划的担心， 而且作者希望有关部门能权衡利弊后再做出决定， 说明作者对这个计划的态度是消极的。
11．B 目的意图题。文中第一段提到社区图书馆将被改建为超市的计划， 作者在信中表达了他的顾虑。根据“I just think that as a community we need to weigh up the advantages…”可知， 作者希望有关部门能够权衡利弊后再做出决定， 故这封信的写作目的是呼吁关注这个项目。
D
Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles.But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology.One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.
One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland.It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm.The robot has four wheels to carry itself through the fields in search of weeds.Computer-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide(除草剂)．Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun.It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles.A farmer can also control the equipment through a smartphone.
The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurélien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods.This is because the system uses exactly the right chemical amount in the exact place required to kill the weeds.Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants.
Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology.The company has a system called “See & Spray”，which it claims was the world’s first smart sprayer.The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow.Ben Chostner, vice president of business development for Blue River Technology，explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition.“The first time the machine saw pigweed, it didn’t know what kind of plant it was.But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it’s an expert in pigweed.”
12．How will AI benefit agriculture？
A．It will fund agriculture research.
B．It contributes to low-cost farming.
C．It can avoid harmful chemicals.
D．It frees all farmers from field work.
13．What do the products of the two companies have in common？
A．They use recognition technology.
B．They are powered by solar energy.
C．They are connected with smartphones.
D．They can help wanted plants grow rapidly.
14．What do Ben Chostner’s words suggest about the robot？
A．It is environmentally friendly.
B．It is good at self-improving.
C．It has the learning ability.
D．It can track various plants.
15．What is mainly talked about in the text？
A．The experiment in farming robots.
B．A new trend in artificial intelligence.
C．Modern See & Spray technology.
D．Artificial intelligence in agriculture.
【语篇解读】：本文是一篇说明文。一些公司正在试验农业方面的人工智能高科技工具，这些工具可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。
12.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.”可知，人工智能可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。故选B。
13.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm.”以及第四段第三句“The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.”可知，两个公司的产品的共同点就是，它们都使用了识别技术。故选A。
14.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it’s an expert in pigweed.”可知，研发人员给这个机器人成千上万的苋的样本来教它，这个机器人现在在识别苋方面是一个专家。由此可推知，Ben Chostner意在表明该机器人有学习能力。故选C。
15. D 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.”可知，农业是研究和开发人工智能(AI)的重要行业之一；然后文章第二至四段介绍了两个公司的人工智能产品是如何帮助农业生产的。由此可知，本文的主旨是介绍人工智能在农业中的应用。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gardening can be a rewarding hobby not only because you can watch your plants grow but because you can take pride in your success.People use more ways to save money these days.__16.__ If you have decided to own a garden then a few beginner gardening tips will help you to get started.
Plant Plants That Grow Easily
__17.__ If you are getting ready to start your first garden then it may be a better idea to choose plants that are strong and easy to grow.
Use Good Soil
As a beginner, if you do not know much about the type of soil that you need, it might be a better idea to buy your soil from a gardening store.You have to consider the type of soil that you have in your yard and what plants you are growing in it as well.__18__
Do Not Over Water
Finally, one of the biggest mistakes that beginners make is over watering their gardens. __19__ So you need to learn how much water each plant needs in your garden.It is also beneficial to water your plants early in the morning to get the best results.
__20__ You can also save money, be healthier, and help protect the environment at the same time.
A．One mistake that many beginners make is trying to grow plants that are hard to grow.
B．With these helpful beginner tips you can grow your own fruit and vegetables.
C．And growing your own fruit and vegetables is one of them.
D．Different plants need different amounts of water.
E．Gardening is many people’s favorite hobby.
F．For this reason buying soil from a store may just be easier.
G．There are many mistakes that you may make when beginning gardening.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章就园艺工作提出了几条建议。
解析：
16．C项one of them承接上句“more ways to save money”； growing...引起下句“gardening”。
17．本段小标题是Plant Plants That Grow Easily，A项One mistake...are hard to grow.与之呼应。
18．F项与本段Use Good Soil一致，且承接上句。
19．D项“不同的植物需要不同量的水。”与小标题一致。
20．这是一个起总结作用的段落，B项呼应第一段“a few beginner gardening tips”。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Last Robot-Proof Job in America？
You can get most food, such as warm cookies or vodka, to your doorstep in minutes. But try getting a red snapper (红鲷鱼). Until recently, if you could obtain it, it would likely have been pre-frozen and shipped in from overseas.
Anew tech startup is aiming to 21 this situation. Based inside the Fulton Fish Market, a seafood wholesale market, the startup, called FultonfishMarket.com, allows customers across the whole country, both restaurants and individuals, to buy from the market. The fish is shipped 22 ，rather than frozen, thanks to an Amazon advanced logistics system.
Mike Spindler, the company's CEO said recently, “I can get a fish to Waren Buffett, that's as fresh as if he'd walked down to the pier(码头) and bought it that morning.”
There is one thing, 23 , that the sophisticated logistics system cannot do: pick out a fish. If Warren Buffett orders a red snapper, the company needs to 24 that his fish is actually red snapper, and not some other. According to the ocean-conservation organization, more than 20% of the seafood in restaurants and grocery stores in America is 25 . For this task, the company has employed Robert DiGregorio, a forty-seven-year veteran of the business, who possesses a blend of judgement and 26 knowledge that, so far, computers have yet to replicate.
“ 27 the food-safety stuff, our business could be any market from the last three thousand years of human history.” Spindler told me.He is experienced in the 28 business. When he arrived at the fish market in 2014, people were cautious. "They thought selling fish on the Internet was 29 ". DiGregorio said, speaking for the fishmongers(鱼贩). “They didn't see how it could possibly work." Five years ago DeGregorio didn't know how to use a computer, but when the Web-site people arrived at the market, he sensed an opportunity. Together, they've created a human-machine fish-buying operation.
By 1 a.m.each night, the company collects 30 from around the country and sends them to DiGregorio. He heads into the market carrying his tablet computer. The company's algorithms(算法) 31 data on their sources and can tell DiGregorio, for example which stall to go to get the best tuna (金枪鱼). The computer is a“learning system," so if DiGregorio makes a choice it didn't 32 ，it asks."Was the fish not available? Was it damaged?" All that information is fed back in for next time.
Then, what can a fishmonger see that a computer can't? DeGregorio showed me his part of the 33 process. “I'm assessing a few things, he said. First, 34 . Fish should have“nice"slime(粘液). Then, smell. He sniffed the air above the box. “when fish goes had, it smells like ammonia." Besides, to get the best stuff, “Fishmongers have to have a relationship with you. To trust you." He added.
ls he ever 35 being replaced by the learning system of computers? DiGregorio shrugged. "By the time they invent a computer that can do what I can do."he said, "I'll be dead."
21. A. maintain B. remedy C.substitute D.recognize
22. A.free B.overseas C.separate D.fresh
23. A.therefore B.otherwise C.however D.thus
24. A.ensure B.propose C. concede D.remind
25. A.overpriced B.misidentified C.displaced D.modified
26. A.computer B.cuisine C.fish D.marketing
27. A.Rather than B.Thanks to C.Except for D.Prior to
28. A.fund-raising B.online-grocery C.fish-selling D.non-profit
29. A.significant B.worthy C.responsible D.Ridiculous
30. A.sales B.orders C.alternatives D.statistics
31. A.analyze B.supply C.prioritize D.feed
32. A.require B.process C.predict D.value
33. A.calculation B.decoding C.correction D.selection
34. A.smash B.touch C.wipe D.roll
35. A.concerned about B.eager for C.delighted with D.capable
本文是说明文，介绍了一家公司是如何用人机结合的方式在网上卖新鲜的活鱼的。
【答案】21.B 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.C 28.B 29.D
30.B 3l.A 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.A
21.【解析】A. maintain，维护B.remedy改进、解决：C.substitute替代：D.recognize认出。上文说你可以在几分钟内让你买的大多数食物，如热饼干或伏特加，送到你家门口。但你买的红侧鱼却不行，在根据空后的介绍可知此处是说一家科技公司正努力解决这个问题，故B项正确。
22.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏亚马逊先进的物流系统，这些鱼不是冷冻的，而是新鲜的。下文中的“fresh”也是提示，故D项正确。
23.【解析】考查副词词义辨析。 然而，有一件事是复杂的物流系统做不到的：挑选一条鱼。 上文介绍了这个物流系统的优点，此处介绍的是弊端，前后是转折关系，故C项正确。
24.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果沃伦巴非特订购了红绸鱼，公司需要确保他的鱼是真正的红绸鱼，而不是其他鱼。上文说这个系统不能挑选出颇客购买的鱼，所以公司需要确保顾客收到的是他购买的那种鱼，故A项正确。
25.【解析】考查动词词义辨析，句意；在美国，餐馆和杂货店超过20%的海鲜被误认。下文说该公司聘请了具有丰富鱼类知识的Robert DiGregorio来识别顾客购买的鱼的品种，因此此处是说餐馆和杂货店超过20%的海鲜被误认，故B项正确。
26.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了完成这项任务，该公司聘用了拥有47年丰富经验的Robert DiGregorio，他具有判断鱼类的知识，迄今为止，电脑尚未复制这些知识。帮助识别鱼类自然是要掌握鱼类知识，故C项正确。
27.【解析】考查介词短语。句意：除了食品安全方面的东西，我们的生意可以是过去三千年人类
历史上的任何市场的东西。A.Rather than而不是：B.Thanksto多亏：C.Exccpt for除了：D.Prior to先于。下文说2014年他进入鱼市时，人们都很谨慎，他们认为在网上卖鱼是荒唐的，他们担心的是鱼的安全问题，因此此处是说“除了食品安全”，故C项正确。
28.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意；他对网上杂货店很有经验。 根据空后的“on the Internet”可知，他干的是网上杂货店生意，故B项正确。
29.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2014年他进入鱼市时。人们都很谨慎，他们认为在网上卖鱼是荒谬的。A.significant重大的：B.worthy值得的；C.responsible负责的：D.ridiculous荒谬的。空前说人们都很谨慎，这说明他们认为在网上卖鱼听起来很荒谬，故D项正确。
30.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天凌晨1点，该公司收集来自全国各地的订单，然后把它们发给Robert DiGregorio，他带着平板电脑进入市场。在网上卖东西自然是要根据订单发货，故B项正确。
31.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司的算法分析数据来源，并可以告诉Robert DiGregorio，例如，哪个摊位可以买到最好的金枪鱼。A.analyze分析；B.supply供应；C.prioritize优先考虑；D.feed喂养。根据空后的“data on their sources”可知此处指“分析数据来源”，故A项正确。
32.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意；所以如果Robert DiGregorio做出了一个它没有预料到的选择，它会问，鱼是不是没有了？是损坏了吗？所有这些信息，都将反馈给下一次。前文说电脑是一个学习系统，所以如果做出了一个它没有预料到的选择，它会问一些问题，故C项正确。
33.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Robert DiGregorio向我展示了他在挑选过程中所扮演的角色。
他负责正确挑出顾客订购的鱼，因此此处指“挑选过程”，故D项正确。
34.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一，触摸，鱼应该有“好”的黏液。空后说鱼应该有“好”的黏液，因此此处指“用手摸鱼”，故B项正确。
35.【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：他担不担心被电脑学习系统取代？故A项正确。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, 7.3 billion people consume 1.6 times 1.________ the earth's natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world's population 2.________(reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without 3.________(expand) the land and water already in use? We can't double the amount of food.4.________(fortunate), we don't have to－we just have to double the amount of food available now instead.5.________ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
In the nearterm, food production is enough to provide for all, but it doesn't reach everyone who needs it. About 1.3 billion tons of food 6.________ (waste) each year—four times the amount 7.________(need) to feed the more than 800 million people who are 8.________ (hunger) .
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption 9.________(pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly 10.________ same amount of land we use now.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章旨在介绍全球食物短缺问题并探讨目前可以解决的办法。
1．what 考查关联词。此处用what引导宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作supply的宾语，表示“所……供应的(食物)”。
2．will reach 考查动词时态。根据时间状语可知，此处表示将来。
3．expanding 考查动名词。without后接动词的ing形式。
4．Fortunately 考查副词。修饰非谓语整个句子用副词。
5．In 考查固定搭配。in short简而言之，是固定短语。
6．are wasted 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。在“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”结构中，“1.3 billion tons”是中心词，故谓语要用复数，这里表示食物被浪费，要用被动语态，且表示一般情况，因此要用一般现在时的被动。
7．needed 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作定语，根据提示可知要用过去分词needed，相当于which is needed。
8．hungry 考查词性转化。此处作表语，故用形容词hungry(饥饿的)。
9．patterns 考查名词复数。此处表示复数意义，因此要用pattern的复数形式。
10．the 考查定冠词。same前要用定冠词the，the same表示“一样”。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校英语辩论社团招收成员,你想申请加入。请你用英语写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)个人简介(性格、特长等);
(2)表达期望。
注意:
(1)词数80左右(格式已给出,不计入总词数);
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a student of Class One, Grade One. I’m 16 years old. Outgoing and warm-hearted, I am able to fit in well with others. I look good, think fast and study hard. Making English speeches is what I am good at. I was once awarded the title of Best Debater in junior high school. It is really a good chance to prepare myself for my dream, to be a great speaker like Abraham Lincoln.
I am looking forwards to joining the club.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in school, I joined an undergraduate program to chat with specific patients and then discuss it with others.But I had no specific training in this, and introducing myself to strangers was not one of my natural talents.
On one special visit, I cautiously entered a darkened room to find an elderly man lying in the bed.There was no one else in the room, and I firstly thought he was sleeping.When I moved a little closer to the bed, I realized that he was very much awake, but also very confused and anxious.He desperately wanted to communicate something to others, but I couldn’t understand what he was saying.He seemed weak, and I couldn’t tell if he was in pain, or just scared.I knew nothing about this man’s life or history, and at that time I felt totally helpless.He obviously didn’t want me to leave, but I felt so lost and uncomfortable that I had to leave the room after only a couple of minutes.
The next time I was at the hospital, I was asked to make follow-up visits with the same list of patients.I expected my time with the confused man to be just as short as the last time if he was even still alive.It seemed pointless to prevent myself from trying to talk with someone who was so weak.
As I arrived at the room, the first thing I noticed was that the lights were on.His daughter was there chatting with him.He was sitting up in the bed and looked a bit better than before.I introduced myself to the daughter and explained to her that I had come by before.Addressing the patient, I then suggested that I was certain he didn’t remember me at all.
Paragraph 1：
To my surprise, he corrected me immediately.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案:
Paragraph 1：
To my surprise, he corrected me immediately. “I remember you.You are the kind man！” he said excitedly. I thought he must be mistaking me for someone else, but he then accurately told me enough details of our first meeting.I was so confused about that.In my first visit to this weak patient, I did absolutely nothing to help this man except show up.Then he explained that my presence last time gave him hope to live.We talked a little more that day and said goodbye.
Paragraph 2：
After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind.I must admit that a stranger in hospital whose name I even didn’t know changed my attitude to the life with a single comment.It reshaped the way I see life, the way I see myself, and the way I see others.It makes me want to offer whatever kindness I can to others, and I try to recognize and appreciate the kindness that others offer to me.Obviously, we couldn’t know the impact our actions, or even just our presence, have on life.
Unit 5 Working the Land
单元素养评估A卷
第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Venice, a small waterside city in northeast Italy, boils with happiness and excitement once every year. Between February 21 and March 4, carnival (狂欢节) hits the streets.
For most people carnival means large parties and feasting. But in Venice, it also means traditional masks and costumes.
These costumes were originally meant to hide personal identities. Then, different social classes could mix in a sea of happiness. Along the waterway, people greeted each other with “Good morning, Mrs. Mask！”
Today, people in Venice still dress up in the strangest ways — as armed soldiers, butchers and fishermen, for example.
Bars and cafes are filled with partygoers who come to show off their fancy costumes. Their designs and creations are made by special studios. Readymade costumes are not acceptable.
“In the months before the carnival we work overtime to meet the demand，” said a maskmaker. “Many kilometers of silk and lace are made into costumes. For shopkeepers, carnival is the best time of year.”
The Venice carnival dates back to the Middle Ages. At that time, the city was one of the wealthiest in Europe.
The tradition of celebrating with masks and costumes is thought to have been started by the “Stocking Companies”. These were groups of young men who organized parties and festivals and wore colorful stockings to distinguish_themselves.
By the 18th century，the carnival had reached its peak. It all came to an end when Napoleon conquered (征服) Venice in 1797.But in 1979, local people brought the old tradition back to life.
Now the Venice carnival attracts huge crowds from all over the world. This year, about 700,000 people are taking part in. Hotels were fully booked months in advance, bars and restaurants overflow every day.
The city certainly benefits — a whole industry has been built up around the carnival's masks and costumes. “The Venice carnival is a magical time! It's such a great experience，” said one French tourist.
1．During the carnival ________.
A．students of all ages also join in the activities
B．people want to be dressed in the most beautiful clothes
C．people in the costumes and masks want to make others think they are rich
D．people dressed in the strangest ways don't want to be recognized
2．That people at the carnival were greeted “Mrs. Mask！” shows that ________.
A．all the people at the carnival were women at one time
B．all the people at the carnival wore masks
C．people weren't able to tell men from women at the carnival
D．people at the carnival don't know each other
3．What does the underlined expression “distinguish themselves” most possibly mean?
A．To make themselves up.
B．To make themselves different.
C．To warm themselves up.
D．To recognize themselves.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了威尼斯狂欢节的特点。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知选D项。其他选项不符合威尼斯狂欢节的特点。
2．B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，狂欢节人们会戴面具，由此可知狂欢节人们认不出面具内的人，就都成了“面具夫人”。
3．B 词义猜测题。该句说年轻人组成的这个团体披挂五颜六色的袜子，组织各种晚会，其目的是为了显示自己的与众不同，所以选B 项。A 项“化妆”不妥，因为他们只是披挂袜子而已；C 项“暖和”之说与喜庆无关；D 项“认出自己”在此也不太准确，尽管distinguish 本身有这个意义。
B
I am proud to be a member of two cultures. Even though I am only ten years old, I have lived in two countries and in two cultures. I have lived in both Mexico and the United States.
I was born in the state of Michoacán. I was born in a small town called Quinceo. Life there was simple and peaceful. There was a small market where we would go on Sundays. There was a corral where we would go and watch rodeos. After school, my friends and I would go for a swim in a creek. My mom did not work; she stayed at home taking care of our family. Life in Quinceo was nice, but money was sometimes not enough to support us.
In 1996, the day came when my dad decided to bring us to the United States. Leaving my town was hard, but it was important that my family stay together. When I left Mexico, I had a lot of special friends and nice teachers.
When I first came to the United States, I started at a new school in Chicago. I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher. She helped me all the time.
My education now is different from the one in Mexico. Here, I am studying in two languages. I feel very happy because I am able to communicate in two languages. In my case, speaking Spanish is an indication of my Mexican heritage. Speaking English is a symbol of my triumph and the struggles that I have as an immigrant in this country. Now that I have been here three years, I am proud to offer my help and support to people who need it.
I urge those who come from Mexico and other countries to learn English and to continue speaking their native language, too. It will help them reach out to others.
4．What does the writer think of Mexico?
A．She doesn’t like it because it’s poor.
B．She was too young to remember it.
C．She loves the country and is proud of it.
D．She wants to get rid of it so she left.
5．Why did the family move to the US?
A．Because they were in need of more money.
B．Because the mother found no peace in Quinceo.
C．Because they wanted to experience a new culture.
D．Because the author could have new friends.
6．Which of the following statements about the author is WRONG?
A．She wants to be a teacher and support people.
B．She enjoyed company of friends at the new school.
C．She enjoyed life in Mexico and also in the USA．
D．Her new school teaches in English and Mexican.
7．The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．explain how the author learns English well as a teen
B．help people to understand American immigrants better
C．introduce the life in her hometown Quinceo in Mexico
D．persuade immigrants not to drop their mother tongue
答案：CAAD
【分析】本文为记叙文。作者出生于墨西哥，后来跟随家人到美国，因受到双重文化的熏陶而受益匪浅。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段I was born in the state of Michoacán. I was born in a small town called Quinceo. Life there was simple and peaceful(我出生在米却肯州。我出生在一个叫昆塞奥的小镇上。那里的生活简单而平静)可知，她热爱这个国家，并为此感到自豪。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段Life in Quinceo was nice, but money was sometimes not enough to support us(在Quinceo的生活很好，但钱有时不足以维持我们的生活)可知，作者全家搬到美国，因为他们需要更多的钱。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher(在学校里，我在西班牙人、我的朋友和老师中找到了关心和陪伴)可知，她喜欢在新学校有朋友作伴，故排除B项；根据 Leaving my town was hard, but it was important that my family stay together. When I left Mexico, I had a lot of special friends and nice teachers(当我离开墨西哥时，我有很多特别的朋友和好老师)和When I first came to the United States, I started at a new school in Chicago. I found care and company at the school, among Hispanic people, my friends, and my teacher(当我第一次来到美国时，我在芝加哥的一所新学校开始学习。在学校里，我在西班牙人、我的朋友和老师中间找到了关心和陪伴)可知，她喜欢在墨西哥和美国的生活，故排除C项；由Here, I am studying in two languages. I feel very happy because I am able to communicate in two languages(在这里，我用两种语言学习。我感到非常高兴，因为我可以用两种语言交流。)可知，她的新学校用英语和墨西哥语授课，故排除D项。综上，排除B，C和D项。选项A. She wants to be a teacher and support people(她想成为一名教师帮助别人)并未提及，故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段I urge those who come from Mexico and other countries to learn English and to continue speaking their native language, too (我敦促来自墨西哥和其他国家的人们学习英语，并继续说他们的母语。)可知，这篇文章的目的是说服移民不要放弃母语。D。
C
Dear Sir，
There is a plan to build a new supermarket on the edge of the Whitefields housing estate(住宅区), on the land where the local library now is. I live at Whitefields, and I would like to express my concern about this plan. It is not that I am completely against the idea of building a supermarket — I just think that as a community we need to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages before committing ourselves.
It is clear that the library is underused and in poor condition. It is also clear that there are very few shops near here and a supermarket would be a good thing to have. But the people who want to build the supermarket seem to think that no one wants the library any more, and that it isn't a must because of the Internet and so on. Is this necessarily true, especially for elderly people？What about young people who don't have the Internet at home and need to go to the library to do their homework？Where can they study if they have to share a room with a younger brother or sister?
On the other hand, there is an argument that a new supermarket would not only bring more choice of shopping and more convenience for local people, but it would also bring some muchneeded jobs for younger people in the town — and this is a good point. What we need to do is consider the effect a supermarket will have on our quality of life. Certainly local people, including me, will find shopping a lot easier and more convenient. But there will also be extra traffic. In a few years from now, the roads in and around will be full of cars in the daytime and delivery lorries at night, and not only that — we will have got used to it,_too. Are more jobs and more convenience worth such an influence on our daily lives？Perhaps, but this is what we have to ask ourselves.
I believe that all the people of Whitefields, and the authority, need to discuss this question in an openminded way — and I hope that by the time a decision is taken, we will have had a full and fair discussion of the issues involved, and that the local authority will have really listened to everyone's view. Is that too much to ask?
Yours faithfully，
Tom Watkins
8．The supporters of the supermarket probably think ________.
A．the library is no longer needed
B．the library is too poor to be rebuilt
C．the supermarket brings down goods price
D．supermarket increases local workers' income
9．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Shopping convenience.
B．Job opportunity.
C．Life quality.
D．Traffic condition.
10．What is the author's attitude toward the plan?
A．Approving. B．Neutral.
C．Negative. D．Confident.
11．Why is the letter written?
A．To promote effective public reading.
B．To call for concern over an urban project.
C．To discuss ways of improving life quality.
D．To express dissatisfaction with public equipment.
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。作者通过书信的形式向有关部门建议要谨慎考虑把图书馆改建为超市的计划。虽然超市能方便人们的日常生活， 提供就业机会， 但图书馆能丰富没有网络的人的精神世界， 帮助学生完成作业， 这一点是超市无法取代的。因此作者希望有关部门能够慎重考虑。
8．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the people who want to build the supermarket seem to think that no one wants the library any more”可知， 支持建超市的人是因为他们觉得不再有人想要图书馆了。
9．D 词义猜测题。it作代词时， 代表前文已提到过的一件事物。前文中提到“the roads in and around will be full of cars in the daytime and delivery lorries at night(这个住宅区的路白天会塞满车， 晚上有运输卡车)”可知， 此处的it指的是交通情况。
10．C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I would like to express my concern about this plan. It is not that I am completely against…”可知， 作者写这封信的目的是为了表达自己对于这个计划的担心， 而且作者希望有关部门能权衡利弊后再做出决定， 说明作者对这个计划的态度是消极的。
11．B 目的意图题。文中第一段提到社区图书馆将被改建为超市的计划， 作者在信中表达了他的顾虑。根据“I just think that as a community we need to weigh up the advantages…”可知， 作者希望有关部门能够权衡利弊后再做出决定， 故这封信的写作目的是呼吁关注这个项目。
D
Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles.But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology.One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.
One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland.It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm.The robot has four wheels to carry itself through the fields in search of weeds.Computer-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide(除草剂)．Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun.It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles.A farmer can also control the equipment through a smartphone.
The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurélien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods.This is because the system uses exactly the right chemical amount in the exact place required to kill the weeds.Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants.
Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology.The company has a system called “See & Spray”，which it claims was the world’s first smart sprayer.The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow.Ben Chostner, vice president of business development for Blue River Technology，explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition.“The first time the machine saw pigweed, it didn’t know what kind of plant it was.But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it’s an expert in pigweed.”
12．How will AI benefit agriculture？
A．It will fund agriculture research.
B．It contributes to low-cost farming.
C．It can avoid harmful chemicals.
D．It frees all farmers from field work.
13．What do the products of the two companies have in common？
A．They use recognition technology.
B．They are powered by solar energy.
C．They are connected with smartphones.
D．They can help wanted plants grow rapidly.
14．What do Ben Chostner’s words suggest about the robot？
A．It is environmentally friendly.
B．It is good at self-improving.
C．It has the learning ability.
D．It can track various plants.
15．What is mainly talked about in the text？
A．The experiment in farming robots.
B．A new trend in artificial intelligence.
C．Modern See & Spray technology.
D．Artificial intelligence in agriculture.
【语篇解读】：本文是一篇说明文。一些公司正在试验农业方面的人工智能高科技工具，这些工具可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。
12.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.”可知，人工智能可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。故选B。
13.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm.”以及第四段第三句“The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.”可知，两个公司的产品的共同点就是，它们都使用了识别技术。故选A。
14.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it’s an expert in pigweed.”可知，研发人员给这个机器人成千上万的苋的样本来教它，这个机器人现在在识别苋方面是一个专家。由此可推知，Ben Chostner意在表明该机器人有学习能力。故选C。
15. D 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.”可知，农业是研究和开发人工智能(AI)的重要行业之一；然后文章第二至四段介绍了两个公司的人工智能产品是如何帮助农业生产的。由此可知，本文的主旨是介绍人工智能在农业中的应用。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gardening can be a rewarding hobby not only because you can watch your plants grow but because you can take pride in your success.People use more ways to save money these days.__16.__ If you have decided to own a garden then a few beginner gardening tips will help you to get started.
Plant Plants That Grow Easily
__17.__ If you are getting ready to start your first garden then it may be a better idea to choose plants that are strong and easy to grow.
Use Good Soil
As a beginner, if you do not know much about the type of soil that you need, it might be a better idea to buy your soil from a gardening store.You have to consider the type of soil that you have in your yard and what plants you are growing in it as well.__18__
Do Not Over Water
Finally, one of the biggest mistakes that beginners make is over watering their gardens. __19__ So you need to learn how much water each plant needs in your garden.It is also beneficial to water your plants early in the morning to get the best results.
__20__ You can also save money, be healthier, and help protect the environment at the same time.
A．One mistake that many beginners make is trying to grow plants that are hard to grow.
B．With these helpful beginner tips you can grow your own fruit and vegetables.
C．And growing your own fruit and vegetables is one of them.
D．Different plants need different amounts of water.
E．Gardening is many people’s favorite hobby.
F．For this reason buying soil from a store may just be easier.
G．There are many mistakes that you may make when beginning gardening.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章就园艺工作提出了几条建议。
解析：
16．C项one of them承接上句“more ways to save money”； growing...引起下句“gardening”。
17．本段小标题是Plant Plants That Grow Easily，A项One mistake...are hard to grow.与之呼应。
18．F项与本段Use Good Soil一致，且承接上句。
19．D项“不同的植物需要不同量的水。”与小标题一致。
20．这是一个起总结作用的段落，B项呼应第一段“a few beginner gardening tips”。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Last Robot-Proof Job in America？
You can get most food, such as warm cookies or vodka, to your doorstep in minutes. But try getting a red snapper (红鲷鱼). Until recently, if you could obtain it, it would likely have been pre-frozen and shipped in from overseas.
Anew tech startup is aiming to 21 this situation. Based inside the Fulton Fish Market, a seafood wholesale market, the startup, called FultonfishMarket.com, allows customers across the whole country, both restaurants and individuals, to buy from the market. The fish is shipped 22 ，rather than frozen, thanks to an Amazon advanced logistics system.
Mike Spindler, the company's CEO said recently, “I can get a fish to Waren Buffett, that's as fresh as if he'd walked down to the pier(码头) and bought it that morning.”
There is one thing, 23 , that the sophisticated logistics system cannot do: pick out a fish. If Warren Buffett orders a red snapper, the company needs to 24 that his fish is actually red snapper, and not some other. According to the ocean-conservation organization, more than 20% of the seafood in restaurants and grocery stores in America is 25 . For this task, the company has employed Robert DiGregorio, a forty-seven-year veteran of the business, who possesses a blend of judgement and 26 knowledge that, so far, computers have yet to replicate.
“ 27 the food-safety stuff, our business could be any market from the last three thousand years of human history.” Spindler told me.He is experienced in the 28 business. When he arrived at the fish market in 2014, people were cautious. "They thought selling fish on the Internet was 29 ". DiGregorio said, speaking for the fishmongers(鱼贩). “They didn't see how it could possibly work." Five years ago DeGregorio didn't know how to use a computer, but when the Web-site people arrived at the market, he sensed an opportunity. Together, they've created a human-machine fish-buying operation.
By 1 a.m.each night, the company collects 30 from around the country and sends them to DiGregorio. He heads into the market carrying his tablet computer. The company's algorithms(算法) 31 data on their sources and can tell DiGregorio, for example which stall to go to get the best tuna (金枪鱼). The computer is a“learning system," so if DiGregorio makes a choice it didn't 32 ，it asks."Was the fish not available? Was it damaged?" All that information is fed back in for next time.
Then, what can a fishmonger see that a computer can't? DeGregorio showed me his part of the 33 process. “I'm assessing a few things, he said. First, 34 . Fish should have“nice"slime(粘液). Then, smell. He sniffed the air above the box. “when fish goes had, it smells like ammonia." Besides, to get the best stuff, “Fishmongers have to have a relationship with you. To trust you." He added.
ls he ever 35 being replaced by the learning system of computers? DiGregorio shrugged. "By the time they invent a computer that can do what I can do."he said, "I'll be dead."
21. A. maintain B. remedy C.substitute D.recognize
22. A.free B.overseas C.separate D.fresh
23. A.therefore B.otherwise C.however D.thus
24. A.ensure B.propose C. concede D.remind
25. A.overpriced B.misidentified C.displaced D.modified
26. A.computer B.cuisine C.fish D.marketing
27. A.Rather than B.Thanks to C.Except for D.Prior to
28. A.fund-raising B.online-grocery C.fish-selling D.non-profit
29. A.significant B.worthy C.responsible D.Ridiculous
30. A.sales B.orders C.alternatives D.statistics
31. A.analyze B.supply C.prioritize D.feed
32. A.require B.process C.predict D.value
33. A.calculation B.decoding C.correction D.selection
34. A.smash B.touch C.wipe D.roll
35. A.concerned about B.eager for C.delighted with D.capable
本文是说明文，介绍了一家公司是如何用人机结合的方式在网上卖新鲜的活鱼的。
【答案】21.B 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.C 28.B 29.D
30.B 3l.A 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.A
21.【解析】A. maintain，维护B.remedy改进、解决：C.substitute替代：D.recognize认出。上文说你可以在几分钟内让你买的大多数食物，如热饼干或伏特加，送到你家门口。但你买的红侧鱼却不行，在根据空后的介绍可知此处是说一家科技公司正努力解决这个问题，故B项正确。
22.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏亚马逊先进的物流系统，这些鱼不是冷冻的，而是新鲜的。下文中的“fresh”也是提示，故D项正确。
23.【解析】考查副词词义辨析。 然而，有一件事是复杂的物流系统做不到的：挑选一条鱼。 上文介绍了这个物流系统的优点，此处介绍的是弊端，前后是转折关系，故C项正确。
24.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果沃伦巴非特订购了红绸鱼，公司需要确保他的鱼是真正的红绸鱼，而不是其他鱼。上文说这个系统不能挑选出颇客购买的鱼，所以公司需要确保顾客收到的是他购买的那种鱼，故A项正确。
25.【解析】考查动词词义辨析，句意；在美国，餐馆和杂货店超过20%的海鲜被误认。下文说该公司聘请了具有丰富鱼类知识的Robert DiGregorio来识别顾客购买的鱼的品种，因此此处是说餐馆和杂货店超过20%的海鲜被误认，故B项正确。
26.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了完成这项任务，该公司聘用了拥有47年丰富经验的Robert DiGregorio，他具有判断鱼类的知识，迄今为止，电脑尚未复制这些知识。帮助识别鱼类自然是要掌握鱼类知识，故C项正确。
27.【解析】考查介词短语。句意：除了食品安全方面的东西，我们的生意可以是过去三千年人类
历史上的任何市场的东西。A.Rather than而不是：B.Thanksto多亏：C.Exccpt for除了：D.Prior to先于。下文说2014年他进入鱼市时，人们都很谨慎，他们认为在网上卖鱼是荒唐的，他们担心的是鱼的安全问题，因此此处是说“除了食品安全”，故C项正确。
28.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意；他对网上杂货店很有经验。 根据空后的“on the Internet”可知，他干的是网上杂货店生意，故B项正确。
29.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2014年他进入鱼市时。人们都很谨慎，他们认为在网上卖鱼是荒谬的。A.significant重大的：B.worthy值得的；C.responsible负责的：D.ridiculous荒谬的。空前说人们都很谨慎，这说明他们认为在网上卖鱼听起来很荒谬，故D项正确。
30.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天凌晨1点，该公司收集来自全国各地的订单，然后把它们发给Robert DiGregorio，他带着平板电脑进入市场。在网上卖东西自然是要根据订单发货，故B项正确。
31.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司的算法分析数据来源，并可以告诉Robert DiGregorio，例如，哪个摊位可以买到最好的金枪鱼。A.analyze分析；B.supply供应；C.prioritize优先考虑；D.feed喂养。根据空后的“data on their sources”可知此处指“分析数据来源”，故A项正确。
32.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意；所以如果Robert DiGregorio做出了一个它没有预料到的选择，它会问，鱼是不是没有了？是损坏了吗？所有这些信息，都将反馈给下一次。前文说电脑是一个学习系统，所以如果做出了一个它没有预料到的选择，它会问一些问题，故C项正确。
33.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Robert DiGregorio向我展示了他在挑选过程中所扮演的角色。
他负责正确挑出顾客订购的鱼，因此此处指“挑选过程”，故D项正确。
34.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一，触摸，鱼应该有“好”的黏液。空后说鱼应该有“好”的黏液，因此此处指“用手摸鱼”，故B项正确。
35.【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：他担不担心被电脑学习系统取代？故A项正确。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, 7.3 billion people consume 1.6 times 1.________ the earth's natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world's population 2.________(reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without 3.________(expand) the land and water already in use? We can't double the amount of food.4.________(fortunate), we don't have to－we just have to double the amount of food available now instead.5.________ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
In the nearterm, food production is enough to provide for all, but it doesn't reach everyone who needs it. About 1.3 billion tons of food 6.________ (waste) each year—four times the amount 7.________(need) to feed the more than 800 million people who are 8.________ (hunger) .
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption 9.________(pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly 10.________ same amount of land we use now.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章旨在介绍全球食物短缺问题并探讨目前可以解决的办法。
1．what 考查关联词。此处用what引导宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作supply的宾语，表示“所……供应的(食物)”。
2．will reach 考查动词时态。根据时间状语可知，此处表示将来。
3．expanding 考查动名词。without后接动词的ing形式。
4．Fortunately 考查副词。修饰非谓语整个句子用副词。
5．In 考查固定搭配。in short简而言之，是固定短语。
6．are wasted 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。在“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”结构中，“1.3 billion tons”是中心词，故谓语要用复数，这里表示食物被浪费，要用被动语态，且表示一般情况，因此要用一般现在时的被动。
7．needed 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作定语，根据提示可知要用过去分词needed，相当于which is needed。
8．hungry 考查词性转化。此处作表语，故用形容词hungry(饥饿的)。
9．patterns 考查名词复数。此处表示复数意义，因此要用pattern的复数形式。
10．the 考查定冠词。same前要用定冠词the，the same表示“一样”。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校英语辩论社团招收成员,你想申请加入。请你用英语写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)个人简介(性格、特长等);
(2)表达期望。
注意:
(1)词数80左右(格式已给出,不计入总词数);
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a student of Class One, Grade One. I’m 16 years old. Outgoing and warm-hearted, I am able to fit in well with others. I look good, think fast and study hard. Making English speeches is what I am good at. I was once awarded the title of Best Debater in junior high school. It is really a good chance to prepare myself for my dream, to be a great speaker like Abraham Lincoln.
I am looking forwards to joining the club.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in school, I joined an undergraduate program to chat with specific patients and then discuss it with others.But I had no specific training in this, and introducing myself to strangers was not one of my natural talents.
On one special visit, I cautiously entered a darkened room to find an elderly man lying in the bed.There was no one else in the room, and I firstly thought he was sleeping.When I moved a little closer to the bed, I realized that he was very much awake, but also very confused and anxious.He desperately wanted to communicate something to others, but I couldn’t understand what he was saying.He seemed weak, and I couldn’t tell if he was in pain, or just scared.I knew nothing about this man’s life or history, and at that time I felt totally helpless.He obviously didn’t want me to leave, but I felt so lost and uncomfortable that I had to leave the room after only a couple of minutes.
The next time I was at the hospital, I was asked to make follow-up visits with the same list of patients.I expected my time with the confused man to be just as short as the last time if he was even still alive.It seemed pointless to prevent myself from trying to talk with someone who was so weak.
As I arrived at the room, the first thing I noticed was that the lights were on.His daughter was there chatting with him.He was sitting up in the bed and looked a bit better than before.I introduced myself to the daughter and explained to her that I had come by before.Addressing the patient, I then suggested that I was certain he didn’t remember me at all.
Paragraph 1：
To my surprise, he corrected me immediately.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案:
Paragraph 1：
To my surprise, he corrected me immediately. “I remember you.You are the kind man！” he said excitedly. I thought he must be mistaking me for someone else, but he then accurately told me enough details of our first meeting.I was so confused about that.In my first visit to this weak patient, I did absolutely nothing to help this man except show up.Then he explained that my presence last time gave him hope to live.We talked a little more that day and said goodbye.
Paragraph 2：
After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind.I must admit that a stranger in hospital whose name I even didn’t know changed my attitude to the life with a single comment.It reshaped the way I see life, the way I see myself, and the way I see others.It makes me want to offer whatever kindness I can to others, and I try to recognize and appreciate the kindness that others offer to me.Obviously, we couldn’t know the impact our actions, or even just our presence, have on life.
相关试卷
人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks课后作业题： 这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks课后作业题，共13页。试卷主要包含了 ADAB， 解析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks随堂练习题： 这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks随堂练习题，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分， 满分37， 解析，解析，其他事项等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高中英语Unit 5 Working the Land同步练习题： 这是一份高中英语Unit 5 Working the Land同步练习题，共17页。试卷主要包含了答案与解析，5分，满分30分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
