英语选择性必修 第四册Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs课时练习

这是一份英语选择性必修 第四册Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs课时练习，共5页。

(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1．The rcket launched tw cmmunicatins ________(卫星)．
2．S__________， new guidelines were issued t all emplyees.
3．________(科学的) research is widely claimed t be the surce f the high standard f living in the U．S.
4．The secnd thing is that the glbal services units have becme ne f ur ________(最重要的) custmers.
5．If an amunt r level is c________， it stays the same ver a particular perid f time.
6．A cuntry’s ________(海军) cnsists f the peple it emplys t fight at sea, and the ships they use.
7．A m__________ is a scientific instrument which makes very small bjects lk bigger s that mre details can be seen.
8．Similarly, every time a ________(生物学家) discvers a new species, there is the pprtunity t hnur smene r smething.
【答案】1．satellites 2．Subsequently 3．Scientific 4．premier 5．cnstant 6．navy 7．micrscpe 8．bilgist
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1．Fur pssible ________(utcme) have been identified.
2．________(subsequently) events cnfirmed ur dubts.
3．The directin f the wind is ________(cnstant) changing.
4．Mars and Earth have ________(rbit) which change with time.
5．Effrts are being made t research it ________(scientific).
6．Yu can f curse help by giving them a ________(dnate) directly.
7．________(micrscpe) examinatin f a cell’s chrmsmes can reveal the sex f the fetus.
8．The gvernment hpes the curt will annunce its ________(finding) befre the end f the mnth.
9．Sme matters f fact we can knw t be true r we think we knw t be true just by ________(perceive) them.
10．Yu just can’t recgnize his accmplishments n the curt withut seeing his kindness and ________(humble) ff it.
【答案】1．utcmes 2．Subsequent 3．cnstantly 4．rbits 5．scientifically 6．dnatin 7．Micrscpic 8．findings 9．perceiving 10．humbleness
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1．__________ peple spke in supprt f the prpsal.
只有几个人表示支持这一提议。
2．There’s ________________ candlelight fr creating a rmantic md.
没有什么比烛光更能营造浪漫氛围了。
3．It wuld be invidius t ________________ any ne persn t thank.
单独感谢任何一个人都易引起反感。
4．Keep yur eye n these jkers. Yu never knw what they _________________.
盯住这些家伙，你永远不知道他们会想出什么来。
5．It tk them abut ne mnth t ________________ hw t start the equipment.
他们用了大约一个月的时间才弄明白如何启动这台设备。
6．Over half the ppulatin f this cuntry ________________________ sprts.
这个国家一半以上的人参加体育运动。
【答案】1．Only a few 2．nthing like 3．single ut
4．will cme up with 5．figure ut 6．participate in
题组B 提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Mdern humans have a hard time cntrlling their desire t eat. Often yu eat nt because yu are hungry, but because yu are affected by many ther things. Hw much yu eat is strngly affected by hw much thse arund yu eat. Peple eating alne eat least. Peple eating with ne ther persn eat 35 percent mre than they d at hme. Peple dining in a party f fur eat 75 percent mre. Eating with verweight friends? Yu’ll eat mre. Is yur waitress verweight？Yu’ll eat mre. Wide variety f fd? Yu’ll eat mre.
Plates can decide hw sweet dessert tastes. If peple ate it ff a paper plate, they’d say, “This is gd. ” If they ate it ff a fancy silver plate, they wuld say, “This is the greatest cake I’ve eaten in my entire life. ”
Yur knwledge abut what makes fd gd r bad als affects hw much yu eat. Yu tend t eat mre when yu think the fd is gd, and less when yu think it is bad. S Grandma’s ckies always taste better than ther ckies. “Gd fd” even has a “health hal(光环) effect”. If we’re eating smething healthy, we feel that everything in that meal is healthy. Due t this, peple ften believe that a cheese cake with a salad has fewer calries than the cheese cake alne. That’s perhaps als why eating rganic (有机的) fd might turn yu int an annying guy. Yur brain may use anything that makes yu feel gd abut yur wn mrality t excuse yur immral behaviur.
Fd and hunger affect yur judgment t. Hungry judges give mre serius sentences. Kids wh dn’t eat breakfast behave wrse than kids wh eat their breakfast. Peple wh have lw bld sugar are mre likely than the average persn t have truble cncentrating and cntrlling their unpleasant emtins.
( )1． What is mentined as a cause f vereating?
A．Suffering frm great lneliness.
B．Being served by a helpful waitress.
C．Being treated t high quality fd.
D．Eating with many friends.
( )2． Accrding t the passage, an annying persn may be ne wh ________.
A．finds any excuse fr eating mre
B．is crazy abut the quality f plates
C．cmpetes with thers in making ckies
D．teaches peple t stick t mrality
( )3． Accrding t the passage, peple are mre likely t make a bad judgment when ________.
A．they dn’t feel hungryB．they aren’t verweight
C．they have lw bld sugarD．they knw little abut fd
( )4． What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．When Can’t We G n a Diet?B．What Affects Eating?
C．Hw t Make Gd FdD．Where t Find Safe Fd
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍影响食量的几个因素。
1．D 推理判断题。根据第一段“Peple eating with ne ther persn eat 35 percent mre than they d at hme. Peple dining in a party f fur eat 75 percent mre. ”和另外一个人一起吃会比在家多吃35%；四个人一起吃会多吃75%，可知过度饮食的一个原因是和很多人一起吃，故选D项。
2．A 推理判断题。根据第三段“That’s perhaps als why eating rganic (有机的) fd might turn yu int an annying guy. Yur brain may use anything that makes yu feel gd abut yur wn mrality t excuse yur immral behavir. ”可推断出，一个令人讨厌的人是一个为自己吃过量找借口的人。故选A项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Peple wh have lw bld sugar are mre likely than the average persn t have truble cncentrating and cntrlling their unpleasant emtins. ”可知，低血糖的人更有可能不专注以及无法控制他们不开心的情绪，因而更有可能做出错误的判断。故选C项。
4．B 主旨大意题。文章第一段便可看出本文大意“Mdern humans have a hard time cntrlling their desire t eat. Often yu eat nt because yu are hungry, but because yu are affected by many ther things. ”现代人很难控制他们的食欲。通常他们吃不是因为他们饿了，而是受到很多因素的影响。下文介绍影响人们过度饮食的因素，故“什么影响吃？”作为本文的标题最合适。故选B项。
Ⅱ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was yung, I always knew my parents had truble with mney. We wuld g t yard sales all the time, buy everyday supplies at Dllarama and wrk and eat at a sup kitchen fur nights a week.
Then, a new man walked int the sup kitchen and asked me what my name was. As I tld him that my name was Angela, my mm handed me the sup spn and hair net(发网) t start getting t wrk. After that, I culdn’t find the strange man again. I searched everywhere fr him and even asked the ther men and wmen in the kitchen if they had seen him. My mm thught I was ging crazy, saying that there was n ne with me when she came t hand me my stuff. She said I had been sitting alne and that it seemed I was talking t myself.
Later that night in the car, my mm was crying. I asked her what was wrng and she tld me that the rent n ur apartment had gne up and that my grandma had died. She didn’t knw hw she was ging t pay fr the funeral and the rent. I guaranteed that I wuld help pick up the dds and ends(杂事) befre she made as much as pssible.
The mment we gt int the apartment building, she asked me t run t the mail rm and grab the mail. I went and the nly thing I culd find was ne single envelpe. A familiar man called me back saying he thught I left smething in ur mailbx. I reached in and pulled ut a huge envelpe but I culdn’t tell what was in it.
I brught the envelpes up t my mm. She pened the first ne and fund ur first super expensive rent bill. She then walked int her rm, saying she culdn’t handle t pen the ther ne.
注意：
1． 续写词数应为150左右：
2． 请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
I lked at the envelpe and saw this: Dear Angela and Family. Lve, Yur Friend. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
I lked at the envelpe and saw this: Dear Angela and Family. Lve, Yur Friend. I brught it t my mm with shaking hands and asked her t pen it. She tre it pen and lked inside, tears streaming dwn her face. She emptied the cntents nt the bed. There befre my eyes were cuntless checks addressed t my mm. I std still, shcked and puzzled.
I had a feeling all f a sudden that I knew wh had sent it. ______________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
I had a feeling all f a sudden that I knew wh had sent it. Smehw I didn’t want t tell my mm, thinking that she wuldn’t believe me. Then an idea came t me. The next night, we went t eat at the sup kitchen, where the strange and familiar man just came int my sight. I tld my mm that he was the very sender and man I had cme acrss that night. Full f gratitude, my mm went up t him.