高中北师大版 (2019)Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction精练

这是一份高中北师大版 (2019)Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction精练，共9页。

(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The heavy rain has brught great ________(破坏) t the rads in this area.
2．The car gt ________(卡住) in the mud and was unable t mve.
3．Betty was much ________(烦恼的) t hear that she had failed in the exam.
4．When he heard the rumurs, ________(怒气) filled him up.
5．In the last tw ________(十年), a lt f factries have been shut dwn in ur city.
【答案】1.destructin 2.stuck 3.annyed 4.anger 5.decades
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．________(cmpare) t their huse, my flat seems t be a palace.
2．The number f students f ur schl ________(be) increasing rapidly these years.
3．Rice prductin has increased ________ 5% this year cmpared t that f last year.
4．________(be) frank, I really dn’t take any interest in playing ftball.
5．It is nt right fr yung students t be addicted t ________(play) cmputer games.
6．Mrs Brwn des almst all the husewrk ________ her husband des nthing f it at all.
7．My difficulty is ________ I really dn’t knw hw t cmmunicate with her.
8．These nises are quite ________(anny) as they keep us awake all night lng.
9．Humans are n the rad t ________(destry) as they d much damage t the earth.
10．I just dn’t knw why she ften returns hme ________(stress) ut.
【答案】1.Cmpared 2.is 3.by 4.T be 5.playing
6．while 7.that 8.annying 9.destructin
10．stressed
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________ ________ d yu make phne calls t yur parents?
你多久给父母打一次电话？
【答案】Hw ften
2．The little by ________ ________ ________ fr his being late.
这个孩子为自己迟到找了一个借口。
【答案】made an excuse
3．Walking can help t ________ ________ ________.
走路可以让你保持健康。
【答案】keep yu fit
4．________ ________ ________ ________，I take n interest in films.
说实话，我对电影不感兴趣。
【答案】T tell the truth
5．Lk, the by ________ ________ ________ the stry.
瞧，这个孩子对这个故事着迷了。
【答案】is addicted t
题组B 提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A new website will allw anyne in the wrld t access millins f wildlife phts taken by camera traps.
Researchers in the field ften use camera traps t phtgraph the lives f animals. These fixed cameras have a sensr(传感器) that is started by heat r mvement, letting researchers mnitr animals withut disturbing them.
The traps can be used fr mnths at a time, smetimes taking hundreds f thusands f pictures. But these images, and the valuable infrmatin they reveal, usually just sit n researchers’ hard drives, unavailable t anyne else, accrding t Jrge Ahumada, a scientist f envirnmental nnprfit Cnservatin Internatinal.
S Ahumada started creating an nline platfrm where researchers culd share their phts. Wildlife Insights was launched in December as the wrld’s largest cameratrap database, hsting ver 4.5 millin images.
As well as making images available t ther researchers, the site uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) designed by Ggle t vercme a key prblem with these kinds f phts: Camera traps prduce lts f images t manually analyze, says Ahumada, many f which are blank images. Manually srting and deleting these phts is a labrius task.
T slve that, after smene uplads images t the Wildlife Insights database, its AI examines if the images were taken frm a camera trap and autmatically remves all blank images. If there is an animal in the image, the AI will identify the species. Nw the AI recgnizes abut 450 animal species, which Ahumada says will increase ver time as mre images are cllected frm all parts f the wrld.
Apart frm cllecting and reviewing the images, the platfrm will prvide analytics (数据分析) that culd shw trends in species’ ppulatin fr different prjects. That infrmatin culd help researchers understand whether a species is increasing its range r if its numbers are falling.
While pen access is key, the platfrm has taken steps t make sure this infrmatin desn’t get int the wrng hands. “Yu will have t ask Wildlife Insights fr permissin t get the lcatins f the images，” said Ahumada. “That is an examinatin prcess that we will manage carefully because we knw that pachers (偷猎者) and ther peple with illegal purpses will use this infrmatin t find endangered species.”
1．What des the underlined wrd “labrius” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．Basic. B．Majr.
C．Tugh. D．Cmplex.
2．What’s the functin f AI n the site?
A．Dwnlad phts frm the platfrm.
B．Identify the lcatin f the images.
C．Mnitr animals thrugh camera traps.
D．Remve blank images.
3．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．The imprtance f using AI.
B．The imprtance f keeping the infrmatin safe.
C．The imprtance f starting an examinatin prcess.
D．The imprtance f prtecting endangered animals.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。本文讲述了一个将允许世界上任何人访问数百万野生动物的新网站，该网站还从事着人工智能删除空白照片和保护照片安全的任务。
1．C 词义猜测题。根据第五段“Camera traps prduce lts f images t manually analyze, says Ahumada, many f which are blank images.”以及“Manually srting and deleting these phts is a labrius task.”可知，手动分类和删除这些空白照片是一项艰巨的任务。tugh是“艰难的”。故选C项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第五段“…the site uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) designed by Ggle t vercme a key prblem with these kinds f phts: Camera traps prduce lts f images t manually analyze, says Ahumada, many f which are blank images. ”可知，网站使用了人工智能以删除这类空白照片。故选D项。
3．B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“While pen access is key, the platfrm has taken steps t make sure this infrmatin desn’t get int the wrng hands.” 可知，最后一段讲述的是确保信息安全的重要性。故选B项。
阅读加油站
labrius 费力的；艰苦的；勤劳的
ver time 久而久之；随着时间的过去
hundreds f thusands f 几十万(的)；无数的
illegal purpse 非法目的
get int the wrng hands 落入不法之手
sit n 扣押(信件等)；延误，耽误； 为……的一员； 为……的成员；压制
As well as making images available t ther researchers, the site uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) designed by Ggle t vercme a key prblem with these kinds f phts: Camera traps prduce lts f images t manually analyze, says Ahumada, many f which are blank images.
除了向其他研究人员提供图像，该网站还使用了谷歌设计的人工智能(AI)，以克服这类照片的一个关键问题：Ahumada说，相机陷阱产生大量图像，需要手工分析，其中许多是空白图像。
Ⅱ.七选五
Yu run int the grcery stre t pick up ne bttle f water. Yu get what yu need, head t the frnt, and chse the line that lks fastest.
Yu chse wrng. Peple wh yu swear gt in ther lines lng after yu are already checked ut and ff t the parking lt. __1__
It turns ut, it’s just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster.
Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay. __2__ Any small interruptin－a price check, a chatty custmer－can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. Think abut the prbability: __3__ S it’s nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.
Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem. Make all custmers stand in ne lng, snaking line－called a serpentine line－and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register. __4__ This is what they d at mst banks and fastfd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn’t unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
__5__ It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can’t affrd the space r manpwer. S wherever yur next wait may be: Gd luck.
A．Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B．S why dn’t mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C．Sme f them may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D．The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E．Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G．But smetimes, as n a Sunday afternn, the system gets particularly busy.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
1．A 下文“It turns ut, it’s just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster.”解释了上文“Yu chse wrng.”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑。故选A项。
2．G 上文“Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay.”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruptin—a price check, a chatty custmer－can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因。故选G项。
3．D 根据上文“If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. ”联系下文“S it’s nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的概率只有三分之一。故选D项。
4．F 根据“上文Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem.”以及下文“This is what they d at mst banks and fastfd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn’t unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne little bit but speed up checkut verall.”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
5．B 结合下文“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can’t affrd the space r manpwer.”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly.”可知，这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
Ⅲ.完形填空
“Yu are being put thusands f dllars int debt t learn things yu will never even use. Wasting 4 years f yur life t be stuck at a paycheck that grws slwer than the rate f inflatin (通货膨胀). Paying $200 fr a $6 textbk.” Wilsn said in his scial netwrk.
His stry has prduced a __1__ debate in the cmments nline. Other yung adults are wndering if __2__ higher educatin is wrth the time and mney.
Wilsn, wh was n an Architectural Engineering undergraduate curse tld BBC Trending that the “cst f inflatin is relatively small cmpared t the cst f cllege ver the last 30 r s years. I mean, it really is ridiculus hw the cst f cllege has __3__.”
He’s supprted by data. Accrding t the US Department f Educatin the average annual increase in cllege tuitin in the United States, between 1980－2014, grew by nearly 260% cmpared t the nearly 120% __4__ in all cnsumer items.
In 1980, the average cst f tuitin, rm and bard, and fees fr a fur­year curse was ver $9,000.That cst nw is mre than $23,000 fr state clleges. If yu want t g __5__ it’s mre than $30,000.
A similar increase in tuitin fees has als been seen in England. In 2012, the gvernment supprted initiatives frm sme universities t __6__ mre than the 9,000 tuitin fee limit.
Wilsn als regarded higher educatin __7__ as a reasn t leave university and enter the wrkplace. Students in the United States are estimated t be in arund ver $1.2 trillin f lan debt with 7 millin brrwers.
Wilsn says that when he first tld his parents that he was leaving university, they were “very __8__” but are nw supprtive f his decisin. His parents finally came rund t his decisin t __9__ his studies. Others, like Blair Brwn, wh agreed with Wilsn als pinted ut that sme prfessins d require a university degree.
“Being an engineer, scientist, r cmputer technician culd be learned rather quickly thrugh apprenticeships, independent study, and hands­n experience. Human nature is t learn by ding, nt __10__ t d. As fr mre prfessinal careers such as medical dctrs and lawyers, university study is __11__ necessary，” Brwn cmmented.
Wilsn, wh tld Trending that he is currently __12__ fr a trade shw sales team and his emplyers did Ggle him and they saw the funny side. He adds that he hpes enugh wrk experience will __13__ him t be emplyed by an architectural engineering team in the future.
He desn’t think university will play any __14__ in that future. “They wuld have t make a __15__ change t the system befre I wuld cnsider that and I dn’t think they’ll d that while I’m still yung enugh t want t g.”
1．A.trublesme B．vigrus
C．penD．reliable
2．A.pursuingB．paying
C．acceptingD．refusing
3．A.stayed upB．paid up
C．gne upD．grwn up
4．A.declineB．imprvement
C．amuntD．increase
5．A.privateB．abrad
C．publicD．ahead
6．A.chargeB．cllect
C．payD．exchange
7．A.qualityB．cnsumptin
C．debtD．quantity
8．A.happyB．upset
C．relievedD．crazy
9．A.fllwB．cntinue
C．selectD．abandn
10．A.cnsumingB．wrking
C．learningD．experiencing
11．A.knwinglyB．admittedly
C．mentallyD．academically
12．A.emplyedB．acknwledged
C．cnfirmedD．apprved
13．A.prmteB．revise
C．mtivateD．allw
14．A.jkeB．impact
C．partD．effect
15．A.mderateB．big
C．slightD．reverse
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。Wilsn在社交网络上指出如今的学生为了去上大学背上了数千美元的债务，浪费了生命中的4年时间，被困在比通货膨胀率还慢的薪水里。他的故事在网上引发了激烈的讨论。
1．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的故事在网上引发了激烈的讨论。A.trublesme麻烦的；B.vigrus激烈的，精力充沛的；C.pen公开的；D.reliable可靠的。结合后文 “debate in the cmments nline. Other yung adults are wndering”可知，Wilsn的故事在网上引发了激烈的讨论。故选B项。
2．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他年轻人则在想，花时间和金钱去追求高等教育是否值得。A.pursuing追求；B.paying支付；C.accepting接受；D.refusing拒绝。结合后文宾语“higher educatin”可知此处指追求高等教育。故选A项。
3．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的意思是，大学费用的上涨实在是太荒谬了。A.stayed up熬夜；B.paid up付清；C.gne up上升；D.grwn up长大。根据下一段中 “the average annual increase in cllege tuitin”可知此处指的是大学费用的上涨。故选C项。
4．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据美国教育部的数据，从1980年到2014年，美国大学学费的年平均涨幅接近260%，而所有消费项目的涨幅接近120%。A.decline下降；B.imprvement改进；C.amunt数量；D.increase增加。对应上文“the average annual increase in cllege tuitin”可知，此处指的是美国大学学费的年平均涨幅接近260%，而所有消费项目的涨幅接近120%。故选D项。
5．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你想去私立学校，它的价格超过3万美元。上文 “That cst nw is mre than $23,000 fr state clleges.”提到了州立大学，即公立大学的学费情况，那么此处应当是在说明私立大学的学费情况。故选A项。
6．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，政府支持了一些大学提出的超过9000英镑学费上限的计划。结合后文 “mre than the 9,000 tuitin fee”可知，此处指的是大学的收费上限。故选A项。
7．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wilsn还认为，高等教育债务是离开大学进入职场的一个原因。结合后文 “Students in the United States are estimated t be in arund ver $1.2 trillin f lan debt with 7 millin brrwers.”可知，据估计，美国学生的贷款债务约为1.2万亿美元，借款人有700万。由此可知，高等教育债务也是学生离开大学进入职场的一个原因。故选C项。
8．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Wilsn说，当他第一次告诉父母自己要离开大学时，他们“非常难过”，但现在支持他的决定。结合后文 “but are nw supprtive f his decisin”可知Wilsn第一次告诉父母自己要离开大学时，他们“非常难过”，后面才支持他的决定。其他选项则不符合语境。故选B项。
9．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父母最终同意了他放弃学业的决定。A.fllw跟随；B.cntinue继续；C.select挑选；D.abandn抛弃。结合上文 “he was leaving university”可知此处指Wilsn放弃学业的决定。故选D项。
10．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人的本性是在实践中学习，而不是在学习中实践。A.cnsuming消耗；B.wrking工作；C.learning学习；D.experiencing经历。承接上文 “Human nature is t learn by ding, nt…”可知Brwn想要表达的是人类是在实践中学习的，而不是反过来，在学习中实践。故选C项。
11．B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“至于更专业的职业，如医生和律师，大学学习被公认是必要的，” Brwn评论道。A.knwingly故意地；B.admittedly公认地；C.mentally精神上；D.academically学术上。结合上文 “As fr mre prfessinal careers such as medical dctrs and lawyers, university study is…”可知一些如医生和律师等专业的职业，必须要经过大学中系统的学习才能从事，因而对于这类职业来讲，大学学习被公认为(admittedly)是必要的。故选B项。
12．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉《趋势》杂志，他目前受雇于一个贸易展销售团队，他的雇主在谷歌网站上搜索了他，他们看到了有趣的一面。结合后文 “his emplyers”可知Wilsn目前受雇于一个贸易展销团队。故选A项。
13．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，他希望足够的工作经验能让他在未来被一个建筑工程团队录用。A.prmte促进；B.revise修正；C.mtivate刺激；D.allw允许。结合后文 “him t be emplyed by an architectural engineering team in the future”可知，Wilsn希望足够的工作经验能让他在未来被一个建筑工程团队录用。短语allw sb. t d sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故选D项。
14．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为大学在未来不会起任何作用。结合文章第一段中可知Wilsn并不支持负债去上大学，因此他认为大学在未来不会起任何作用。此处考查短语play a part in表示“起作用”。故选C项。
15．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们必须要对体制做一个大的改变，我才会考虑这样做，我想他们不会趁着我还年轻想去大学的时候这么做。”A.mderate温和的；B.big大的；C.slight轻微的；D.reverse相反的。结合后文 “t the system”可知是指对教育体制做出大的改变，才能改变目前教育的现状，make a big change t意为“做出大的改变”。故选B项。