Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单元同步检测（一）-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册(含答案)

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE

 单元同步检测（一）

一.单词拼写

1.They wanted to move to a warmer 　　　　(气候区). 

2.The boy began to study 　　　　(风景) painting.  

3.He was stressed when he gave his 　　　　(演讲).  

4.The solar energy works by creating a 　　　　(温室) under the plastic.  

5.Students can predict what a passage is about from its 　　　　(题目). 

6.　　　　(野生动植物) has been greatly threatened in modern times.  

7.　　　　(洪水) have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.  

8.One summer, a 　　　　(旱灾) hit Ontario, turning it into a burning desert.  

9.From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural 　　　　(灾难) around the world.(2021北京) 

10.Oil pollution could damage the fragile 　　　　(生态) of the coral reefs.  

11.He suggested that school children avoid o　　　　 of their eyes and do more outdoor activities.  

二.单句语法填空

1.We were all shocked 　　　　　 the news of his death. 

2.You can have an idea worth 　　　　　(million) of dollars. 

3.The volcano spewed(喷出) lava and smoke as it continued to 　　　　　(eruption)on October 17, 2021.  

4.The nineteenth-century poor city was a terrible place in many ways, dirty and 　　　　　(crowd).  

5.These 　　　　　(comment) came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

6.But the good thing is that nowadays more and more teenagers start to learn that smoking is 　　　　　 healthy nor cool.  

7.My father never talked about what he did for a 　　　　　(live).  

8.Most of the English learners live in places 　　　　　 English is not the main language. 

三.阅读理解

Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts(蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.

And now in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. “We think this idea will get more people to take part in the war on the locusts,” said Abdoulaye Ba, from Sud-FM, a radio station in one of Senegal’s worst affected areas.

This is West Africa’s biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move, they produce young and increase their number and will soon threaten(威胁) Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia. Experts say the harmful effect on crops in areas already suffering from food shortages and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the areas are not well equipped to fight the pest.

Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. “We are now treating 6,000 hectares(公顷) per day with pesticide (杀虫剂), but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster,” said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.

“Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the disaster,” the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned.

1.What’s the author’s intention by using “a dark cloud” to describe locusts in the first paragraph?

A.To show the size and speed of the mass of locusts.

B.To suggest the great damage that locusts can cause.

C.To warn that locusts may sweep the continent like rain clouds.

D.Both A and B.

2.The passage is mainly about 　　　　.  

A.West Africa’s united effort in fighting a disaster

B.the difficulty in controlling locusts

C.how locusts caused great damage to West Africa

D.a struggle to fight against a disaster brought by locusts in West Africa

3.What can we know about the locust disaster?

A.It will be even more serious in Asia.

B.It is out of control.

C.It is affecting only the warning areas.

D.It cannot be stopped unless twice as much pesticide is provided for the affected areas.

4.Which of the following isn’t mentioned?

A.A radio station offers a reward for fighting locusts so that more people will join in the effort.

B.Senegal is to the west of Sudan.

C.The locusts can cause such damage mainly because they have no natural enemy in West Africa.

D.12 countries affected by locusts have united.

四.完形填空

　　A Chicago woman’s act of kindness helped homeless people stay warm. Candice Payne 　1　 twenty hotel rooms to her credit card account with a group of strangers following her. 

Payne booked the hotel rooms after 　2　 how life-threatening the sub-zero temperatures would be for the Chicagoans without a　3　. She posted about it on social media and soon the 　4　 and offers to help bring food came flooding in. “　5　 they didn’t know how to or where to start to help, so I’m glad that I was able to be that 　6　,” she said. 

When temperatures 　7　 to 22 degrees below zero, a group of homeless people had to abandon their tents near a highway. Payne and other volunteers dug 　8　 into their pockets and paid for 60 rooms at a hotel on Chicago’s South Side. And the volunteers built 　9　 friendship even though most of them just met. 

When Jermaine and Robert got the offer of a(n)　10　 bed, they were getting ready to sleep on the 　11　. “We haven’t got that type of help,” Jermaine said. “I really needed them at that 　12　,so they came right in time.” They hugged Payne and thanked her, touched by 　13　 kindness. 

This volunteer group has been able to 　14　 three nights at the hotel for about 80 people. They’re hoping to continue working together to help 　15　 a more long-term solution. 

1.A.bought    B.took           C.charged   D.built

2.A.checking B.measuring      C.reporting D.realizing

3.A.home B.choice    C.dream D.job

4.A.suggestions B.instructions          C.donations D.solutions

5.A.Instead B.Hardly        C.Fortunately D.Maybe

6.A.provider  B.connecter         C.organizer D.manager

7.A.reached B.dropped          C.rose D.fell

8.A.deep B.long        C.anxiously D.hopefully

9.A.amazing   B.pleasing     C.amusing  D.lasting

10.A.free B.warm     C.attractive D.expensive

11.A.bed B.beach  C.street D.mountain

12.A.point B.movement    C.place D.hotel

13.A.unexpected B.unwritten        C.undelivered   D.unmeasured

14.A.keep B.receive         C.cover   D.enjoy

15.A.determine B.provide    C.design D.accomplish

答案

一.1.climate　2.landscape　3.lecture　4.greenhouse　5.title　6.Wildlife　7.Floods　8.drought　9.disasters

10.ecology　11.overuse

二.1.at　考查介词。句意:听到他的死讯,我们都感到震惊。be shocked at...对……感到震惊。

2.millions　考查固定短语。此处millions of意为“数百万的”。

3.erupt　考查动词。句意:2021年10月17日,这个火山继续爆发时喷出了岩浆和浓烟。continue to do sth.继续做某事,故填动词erupt。

4.crowded　考查形容词。句意:这座19世纪的贫困城市在很多方面都是一个非常糟糕的地方,肮脏而拥挤。and连接并列成分,由形容词dirty可知此处用形容词符合语境,crowded拥挤的。

5.comments　考查名词复数。句意:这些评论是对当地新闻记者经常提出的特定问题的回应。根据句意及空前These的提示可知此处用名词复数。comment评论;意见;批评。

6.neither　考查副词。句意:但好在现在越来越多的青少年开始认识到吸烟既不健康也不酷。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”。

7.living　考查名词。句意:我父亲从未谈起过他是做什么来谋生的。此处for a living意为“谋生”。

8.where　考查定语从句。句意:大多数英语学习者生活在英语不是主要语言的地方。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句,先行词为地点名词places,设空处在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。

三

1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段可知,非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖,但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活的云,它们正在穿越非洲大陆,吃掉路上的所有东西。由此推知,作者用“乌云”来形容蝗虫的数量、速度和危害。故选D。

2.D　主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,非洲部分地区发生了严重的蝗虫灾害,再结合下文可知各方面正为消灭蝗虫而努力。由此可知,文章主要讲述的是西非与蝗虫带来的灾难作艰难斗争的事。故选D。

3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We are now treating 6,000 hectares(公顷) per day with pesticide(杀虫剂), but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster”可知,现在每天用杀虫剂处理6,000公顷的蝗虫,但是需要每天处理20,000公顷的蝗虫,这样才有希望控制这场灾难。由此可知,蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制,故选B。由前面的分析可知D项错误;由第三段第二句可知C项错误;A项在文中未提及。

4.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And now in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station...is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts.”可以排除A选项;根据第三段中的“it is moving east...and will soon threaten(威胁)Sudan in the northeast of Africa”可知,蝗灾向东移动,很快就会威胁到非洲东北部的苏丹,所以可以排除B选项;根据倒数第二段中的“Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan”可知,可以排除D选项。C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”在文中没有提到,故选C。

四.

1.C　buy买;take带走;charge把……记在账上;build建造。charge sth. to...把某物的费用记在……账上。根据后文“Payne booked the hotel rooms”可知,佩恩用她的信用卡预订了20个宾馆房间。故选C。

2.D　check检查;measure衡量;report报道;realize意识到。根据前文“Payne booked the hotel rooms”可知,佩恩预订了宾馆房间,因为她意识到零下的气温对芝加哥的无家可归的人的生命构成了威胁。故选D。

3.A　home家;choice选择;dream梦想;job工作。根据前文“A Chicago woman’s act of kindness helped homeless people stay warm.”可知,这些需要救助的芝加哥人没有家。故选A。

4.C　suggestion建议;instruction指导;donation捐赠物;solution解决方法。根据后文“offers to help bring food”可知,此处指好心人纷纷响应,为芝加哥的无家可归的人提供捐赠。故选C。

5.D　instead而不是;hardly几乎不;fortunately幸运地;maybe也许。根据上文“She posted about it on social media and soon the 　4　 and offers to help bring food came flooding in.”可知,佩恩在社交媒体上发布这件事后,很快得到了很多好心人的捐助,所以猜测捐赠者不知道该怎么提供或从哪里开始帮助。故选D。 

6.B　provider提供者;connecter联系者;organizer组织者;manager经理。句意:“也许他们不知道如何开始或从哪里开始提供帮助,所以我很高兴我能成为那个联系人,”她说。根据前文“they didn’t know how to or where to start to help”可知,佩恩是无家可归者与捐助者的联系人。故选B。

7.B　reach到达;drop下降;rise升起;fall跌倒。句意:当气温降到零下22度时,一群无家可归的人不得不放弃在公路附近的帐篷。根据后文“a group of homeless people had to abandon their tents near a highway”和语境可知,气温应该是继续下降。故选B。

8.A　deep深地;long长期地;anxiously焦急地;hopefully有希望地。句意:佩恩和其他志愿者掏腰包,在芝加哥南区的一家宾馆支付了60个房间的费用。dig deep into one’s pockets某人慷慨解囊。根据后文“paid for 60 rooms at a hotel”可知,佩恩与其他志愿者掏腰包在一家宾馆预订了60个房间。故选A。

9.D　amazing令人惊讶的;pleasing令人高兴的;amusing好笑的;lasting长久的。句意:而且志愿者们建立了长久的友谊,尽管他们中的大多数人刚见面。根据后文“even though most of them just met”和上下文语境可知,“刚刚见面”和“长久的友谊”形成对比。故选D。

10.B　free免费的;warm温暖的;attractive迷人的;expensive昂贵的。根据上文可知,气温特别低,所以此处表示志愿者们为他们提供了温暖的床铺,形成对比。故选B。

11.C　bed床;beach海滩;street大街;mountain山。根据前文“a group of homeless people”可知,这些无家可归的人已经做好了在大街上过夜的打算。故选C。

12.A　point时刻;movement运动;place地方;hotel旅馆。at that point在那时,这里指气温骤降且无处御寒的时候。故选A。

13.A　unexpected出乎意料的;unwritten不成文的;undelivered没有运送的;unmeasured没有测量的。句意:因为被这种出乎意料的善意感动了,他们拥抱了佩恩并感谢她。根据前文可知这些无家可归的人已经做好了在大街上过夜的打算,所以佩恩和其他志愿者的帮助出乎他们的意料。故选A。

14.C　keep保持;receive接受;cover足以支付;enjoy喜欢。根据前文“Payne and other volunteers...paid for 60 rooms at a hotel”可知,此处指这个志愿者组织已经能够为大约80人支付三个晚上的宾馆费用。故选C。

15.B　determine决定;provide提供;design设计;accomplish完成。句意:他们希望继续合作,帮忙提供一个更长期的解决方案。根据前文可知他们在为无家可归的人提供帮助,并想继续下去,帮忙提供长期的解决方案。故选B。