高中Unit 5 Working the Land学案及答案

这是一份高中Unit 5 Working the Land学案及答案，文件包含Part2docx、Part1docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共111页， 欢迎下载使用。

Part 2　Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time


1.主题语境:人与社会——评估化学耕作和有机耕作
2.语篇类型:说明文
3.课文内容分析
本文介绍了化学耕作和有机耕作两种耕作方式的特点,分析了各自的优缺点,最后的结论是人类如果想要既吃得饱又吃得健康,同时保持环境的可持续发展,还有很长的路要走。阅读本文,可以启发学生从多角度思考农业耕作的方式,辩证地看待化学耕作和有机耕作的问题。


答案:1.land　2.lead to　3.nutrition　4.minerals　5.chemicals　6.natural　7.change　8.use


1.It is celebrated in more than 150 countries,raising awareness and knowledge of the problems and causes behind world hunger and poverty.(教材第54页)
它在150多个国家举行庆祝活动,提高人们对世界饥饿和贫困背后的问题和原因的认识和了解。
◆poverty n.贫穷;贫困
Happily,this village has risen above the poverty line.
令人高兴的是,这个村已经脱离了贫困线。
[备用例句]
There is a disappointing poverty of creativity in their work.
他们的工作缺乏创造力,令人失望。



单句语法填空
①He was shocked by the 　　　　(poor)he saw around him. 
②The poor man 　　　　 poverty sleeps on the floor at the doorway. 
③The programme for the evening party was 　　　　 (poor) organised. 
翻译句子
④这个国家三分之一的人口生活在贫困线或以下。


答案:①poverty　②in　③poorly　④A third of the population in this country is living at or below the poverty line.
2.This affects the crops grown on the land and,in turn,the animals and humans who digest them.(教材第55页)
这会影响土里种植的作物,继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。
◆in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
Each of us in turn had to be asked the same question by her.
我们每个人都得依次被她问同样的问题。
When my mother was ill,my brother and I took care of her in turn.
母亲生病时,我和兄弟轮流看护她。
Increased production will,in turn,lead to increased profits.
增加生产会继而增加利润。



单句语法填空
①There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke 　　　　 turn. 
②Now that we have finished the design,it is their turn 　　　　 (construct). 
③At the meeting we took turns 　　　　 (put) forward a number of suggestions. 
④The two daughters looked after their sick mother 　　　　 turns. 
完成句子
⑤他们轮流照顾他的妹妹。
They 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 attending his little sister. 
⑥轮到你来擦窗户了。
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to clean the windows. 
答案:①in　②to construct　③to put　④by　⑤took turns in/at　⑥It’s your turn
3.They may look beautiful on the outside,but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals,and they often have less flavour as well.(教材第55页)
此类作物外表靓丽,而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质,并且往往口感较差。
◆essential adj.完全必要的;极其重要的
Even in small companies,computers are an essential tool.
即使在小公司里,计算机也是必不可少的工具。
It’s essential for you to make the right decisions at the very start.
重要的是你从一开始就要做出正确的决定。
[备用例句]
①The words are essential for everybody to learn English.
这些词对于每一个英语学习者来说,都是必备的。
②It is essential that you get a visa before you travel abroad.
到国外旅游之前拿到签证是必不可少的。



单句语法填空
①Sun and water are essential 　　　　 the growth of crops. 
②It is essential for us 　　　　 (set) our goal realistically. 
③It is essential that he 　　　　 (learn) Chinese history. 
翻译句子
④有必要采取有效的措施来保障我们公民的权利。



答案:①to/for　②to set　③(should) learn　④It is essential that effective measures(should) be taken to protect our civil rights.
4.As an alternative,some farmers have switched to organic farming...(教材第55页)
作为一种替代方法,有些农民已经转向有机耕作……
◆alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的
We are very sad to have to do this,but there is no other alternative.
我们为不得不这么做而感到难过,但是现在没有别的选择。
We have no alternative but to fire Tom.
除了解雇汤姆,我们别无选择。
There were alternative methods of travel available.
有其他的旅行方式可供选择。
[备用例句]
There are alternative sources of nutrition to animal meat.
有能替代动物肉类的其他营养来源。



①“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有:have no choice but to do sth.; can’t do sth.but do sth.; can do nothing but do sth.等。在这些结构中,若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式,but之后要用省略to的不定式,否则,but之后的to不能省略。
②在短语an alternative to中,to为介词。

单句语法填空
①　　　　 (alternative),he may sell products to an export company. 
②The soldier had no alternative but 　　　　 (obey) orders. 
③If you don’t like the school lunch,you have the alternative of 　　　　 (bring) your own. 
④Fruit is a healthy alternative 　　　　 chocolate. 
完成句子
⑤The criminal 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (除……别无选择) to tell the truth of his crime. 
答案:①Alternatively　②to obey　③bringing
④to　⑤had no alternative/choice but
5.Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.(教材第56页)
有机耕作的农民也种植土壤深度要求不同的多样性作物,以保持土壤肥沃。
◆depth n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)
What’s the depth of the water here?
这儿的水有多深?
We will discuss these three areas in depth.
我们将深入探讨这3个领域。
[备用例句]
I didn’t go in depth into the matter with him.
这个问题我没同他深谈。



温馨提示:
要注意以下量词的词形变化:
adj.
deep
high
wide
long
broad
strong
n.
depth
height
width
length
breadth
strength
v.
deepen
heighten
widen
lengthen
broaden
strengthen

单句语法填空
①Plant the beans 　　　　 a depth of about six inches. 
②This is a new subject and needs to be explored 　　　　 depth. 
③I was in the 　　　　 (deep) of despair when the baby was sick. 
完成句子
④我相信,大多数开发者在内心深处都想当英雄。
　　　　 　　　　,I believe most developers want to be the hero. 
答案:①at　②in　③depths　④Deep down

1.As for chemical fertilisers,crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.(教材第55页)
至于化学肥料,用其施肥的作物通常生长过快而营养不足。
◆句中的too fast to be rich in nutrition为too...to...结构。too...to...意为“太……而不能……”,表示否定含义。
Nothing is too small to celebrate.(2020全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)
小事再小也值得庆祝。
We can’t be too careful to do our homework.
我们做作业时越细心越好。
The little boy is too shy to speak to her.
小男孩太害羞,不敢和她讲话。
She is too young to know right from wrong.
她太小,还分不清是非。



有时too...to...也表示肯定意义:
①too后跟anxious、eager、glad、happy、pleased、ready、willing等表示心情、心理活动状态或心理倾向的形容词时;
②too前有but、only、all等词对其进行修饰时;
③否定词not、never等用在too前时。

翻译句子
①汤姆个头太矮了,够不着桌子上的苹果。


②他急于知道考试结果。


③我能找到人聊聊天,太高兴了。


句型转换
④She was so excited that she couldn’t say a word when she heard the news.
→She 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to say a word when she heard the news. 
答案:①Tom is too short to reach the apples on the table.
②He is too eager to know the result of the examination.
③I am only too happy to have someone to speak to.
④was too excited
2.Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground,making it ready again for the next batch of crops.(教材第56页)
种植不同作物的原因,是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中,让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
◆句中making it...为现在分词短语作结果状语,表示前面的情况所造成的结果,making的逻辑主语为前面的整个句子,所表示的是谓语动词的直接结果,是意料中的结果。
Many people moved to New York,making it the largest city in the USA.
很多人去了纽约,使之成为美国最大的城市。
The car was caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.
这辆车遇到了交通堵塞,结果晚点了。
[备用例句]
①A hearty laugh relieves physical tension,leaving your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.
开怀大笑缓解身体紧张,让你的肌肉放松超过半个小时。
②The child slipped and fell,hitting his head against the door.
那孩子滑了一跤,头撞到了门上。



动词不定式也可作结果状语,但它通常表示一种“偶然的;出人意料的”结果,有时为了强调这种意外的结果,可在不定式前面加only,译为“(结果)却……;只(只是)……”。

完成句子
①I hurried to his house,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(结果却发现他不在家). 
②He fell off the bike,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (头撞到了一块大石头上). 
③More highways have been built in China,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (使更容易) for people to travel from one place to another. 
句型转换
④His parents died early and left him an orphan.
→His parents died early,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 
⑤The snow lasted a week,which resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
→The snow lasted a week,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 
答案:①only to find him out　②hitting his head against a big stone　③making it much easier　④leaving him an orphan ⑤resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area

What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.(教材第56页)
他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
◆句中What keeps them from doing so为what引导的主语从句,that chemical farming...around the world是that引导的同位语从句。

单句情境写作
1.昨天发生严重事故的原因是他开车太快。


2.但是我发现最令我感动的却是,他们把做这些都当作理所当然的。


3.最让我不安的是她撒了谎。


答案:1.What caused the serious accident yesterday was the fact that he was driving too fast.
2.But what I found most touching was the fact that they all did it as a matter of course.
3.What upsets me most is the fact that she told a lie.

What other important aspects of agriculture do you want to know about? (教材第58页)
你还想了解农业的哪些重要方面?
◆aspect n.方面;层面;朝向;方位
This was one aspect of her character he hadn’t seen before.
这是他过去没有了解到的她性格的一个方面。
Students may pursue research in any aspect of computational linguistics.
学生可以就计算语言学的任何一个方面展开研究。
He has made progress in every aspect.
他在各方面都有起色。
The house has a south-west aspect.
房子为西南朝向。



单句语法填空
①He showed us every 　　　　 (aspect) of the game that we had never seen before. 
②The relations between our two countries have improved markedly 　　　　 every aspect. 
③Have you thought about the problem 　　　　 every aspect? 
翻译句子
④他对这里工作的各方面都感兴趣。


答案:①aspect　②in　③from　④He was interested in all aspects of the work here.


Write an argumentative essay on forming

1.文本类型:辩论型文章。
2.要点内容:
①化学种植和有机种植的不同种植方法;
②化学种植和有机种植对环境的不同影响。



1.表达观点型文章常用词组:
have a positive attitude 有一个积极的态度
draw a conclusion 得出结论
contribute to your health 有助于你的身体健康
put forward a suggestion 提出建议
do harm to people’s health 伤害人们的健康
cause a lot of diseases 导致很多疾病
a waste of money 浪费钱
give up smoking 戒烟
take my advice into consideration 考虑我的建议
stay away from junk food 远离垃圾食品
2.表达观点型文章首段常用句式:
I’m sorry to hear/learn that...
听说……我很难过
In my opinion,it is wrong to/that...
在我看来,……是错误的
I don’t think it is a very good way to...
我认为……不是一个很好的方法
Thank you for your letter asking me about...
谢谢你来信询问我有关……
I’m writing to persuade you to quit/give up...
我写信是劝你放弃……
3.表达观点型文章中段常用句式:
Here are my reasons.First of all,I think it would be better if...
我的理由如下。首先,我认为如果……会更好
The reasons for...are as follows.First,...Second,...Last but not least,...
……的原因如下。首先,…… 第二,…… 最后但同样重要的是,……
On the one hand...,on the other hand...
一方面……,另一方面……
No one can ignore the fact that...
没有人能忽视……的事实
If I were you,I would...
如果我是你,我会……
4.表达观点型文章尾段常用句式:
In short/In conclusion/In closing...
总之……
All things considered...
从各方面看来……
As far as I’m concerned,...
就我而言,……
From what has been discussed above,...
通过以上讨论,……
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
请考虑我的建议,做出最后的决定。

假设你是李华,最近,你班开展了主题为“Chemical Farming or Organic Farming”的征文活动。请写一篇你支持开展有机农业的英语文章,发表在学校校报的英语专版上。
1.化学农业的危害;
2.有机农业的优点及理由;
3.根据自己掌握的相关知识,批判性地发表自己的观点。


Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　　 n.不足;缺少;短缺 
2.　　　　　　　　 vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到 
3.　　　　　　　　 adj.传统的;习惯的 
4.　　　　　　　　 adj.热切的;十分强烈 的;激烈的
5.　　　　　　　　 vt.产生;引起 
6.　　　　　　　  在内心深处;本质上;实际上
7.　　　　　　　　 n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土 
8.　　　　　　　　 adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品 
9.　　　　　　　　 n.味道;特点;特色 
10.　　　　　　　　 n.肥料 
11.　　　　　　　　 adj.有营养的;营养丰富的 
12.　　　　　　　　 adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的 
13.　　　　　　　　 adv.全部地;完整地;完全地 
答案:1.shortage　2.attain　3.conventional 4.intense　5.generate　6.deep down 7.soil　8.chemical　9.flavour　10.fertiliser 11.nutritious　12.organic　13.entirely
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
翻译句子
1.最近我们班就化学农业和有机农业举行了一场激烈的讨论。


2.在我看来,我们应该提倡有机农业。


3.化学农业存在着诸多不足。它通常是通过在深层使用大量的化学肥料来实现。


4.残留在作物内部的化学物质很难被洗掉,这往往会导致癌症或其他疾病。


5.而且,用传统化学方法生产的食物味道不好。


6.有机农业不涉及化学品,对我们的健康和环境都有利。


7.更重要的是,有机种植的农民使用完全自然的方法来保持土壤肥沃,作物以健康的方式生长。


8.农作物、蔬菜和水果味道更好,也更有营养。


9.俗话说,健康是第一财富,所以选择有机食品是更明智的。


答案:1.Recently our class held an intense discussion on chemical agriculture and organic agriculture.
2.In my opinion,we should advocate organic agriculture.
3.There are many shortages existing in chemical agriculture. It is often attained by using lots of chemical fertilisers deep down.
4.The chemicals staying inside the crops are hard to be washed off,which often causes cancer or other illnesses.
5.Also,food that is produced in the conventional chemical way tastes bad.
6.Organic farming involves no chemicals and it benefits both our health and the environment.
7.More importantly,organic farmers use entirely natural means to keep the soil rich and crops grow in a healthy way.
8.The crops,vegetables and fruits have a better flavour and are more nutritious.
9.As a saying goes,health is the first wealth,so it is wiser to choose organic food.

1.用what引导的主语从句升级第2句。


2.用which引导的定语从句升级第3句。


3.用现在分词作结果状语升级第4句。


4.用过去分词作定语简化第5句。


5.用现在分词作伴随状语升级第6句。


6.将第7句和第8句合并为一个句子,使之更加有条理。


答案:1.In my opinion,what our society needs is to advocate organic agriculture.
2.There are many shortages existing in chemical agriculture,which is often attained by using lots of chemical fertilisers deep down.
3.The chemicals staying inside the crops are hard to be washed off,often causing cancer or other illnesses.
4.Also,food produced in the conventional chemical way tastes bad.
5.Organic farming involves no chemicals,benefiting both our health and the environment.
6.Organic farmers use entirely natural means to keep the soil rich and crops grow in a healthy way,so the crops,vegetables and fruits have a better flavour and are more nutritious.

Recently our class held an intense discussion on chemical agriculture and organic agriculture.In my opinion,what our society needs is to advocate organic agriculture.The following are my reasons.
On one hand,there are many shortages existing in chemical agriculture,which is often attained by using lots of chemical fertilisers deep down.The chemicals staying inside the crops are hard to be washed off,often causing cancer or other illnesses.Also,food produced in the conventional chemical way tastes bad.On the other hand,organic farming involves no chemicals,benefiting both our health and the environment.More importantly,organic farmers use entirely natural means to keep the soil rich and crops grow in a healthy way,so the crops,vegetables and fruits have a better flavour and are more nutritious.
As a saying goes,health is the first wealth,so it is wiser to choose organic food.

假设你是李华,你所在的中学正面向学生征集意见,询问学生是否赞成开设线上课堂(online classrooms)。请给校长写一封电子邮件,表达你赞同开设线上课堂的观点。要点如下:
1.网上教学资源丰富;
2.提高课堂效率;
3.线上课堂利于环保;
4.其他理由。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Headmaster,









Yours sincerely,
Li Hua


　　One possible version:
Dear Headmaster,
We have been asked about our opinions on opening online classrooms.I am in favour of this plan for the following reasons.
To begin with,everyone learns differently.Students can customise their smart devices with materials that fit their level and learning style.Moreover,when connected to the Internet,students can interact with teachers from all over the world and enjoy tons of useful materials,which obviously will enable them to learn more efficiently.For the sake of environmental protection,opening online classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper.Most importantly,I believe students will develop their interests by enjoying a new way of learning.
I hope you would take my ideas into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
课时作业(十)　UNIT 5　Part 2

Ⅰ.语境填词
1.My 　　　　 (digest) is terrible and now I think I have to go to see a doctor. 
2.In an ideal world there would be no 　　　　 (poor) and disease. 
3.The 　　　　 (deep) of the well is around 6 metres. 
4.We shall see that this is not 　　　　 (entire) true. 
5.　　　　 instance,gas stations,cafes are allowed to keep operating on Sundays. 
6.Do you know how much you spend on clothes and 　　　　 (grocery) annually? 
7. We will discuss each of these items 　　　　 turn. 
8.He had strayed from the path of 　　　　(convention) behaviour. 
9. It is important to introduce children to healthy 　　　　 (nutrition) foods from when they begin to eat solids. 
10.Some of these 　　　　 (bacterium) are actually good for you. 
答案:1.digestion　2.poverty　3.depth　
4.entirely　5.For　6.groceries　7.in　
8.conventional　9.nutritious　10.bacteria
　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.出口的下降反过来又减少了国内的支出。(in turn)
 
2.例如,如果你发现有人偷东西,你会怎么做?(for instance)
 
3.我们的价格保持竞争力是至关重要的。(essential)
 
4.作为备选方案,可以执行以下步骤。(alternative)
 
5.农民们采取措施使他们的庄稼免受病害。(free from)
 
6.这跟我要找的颜色差远了。(nowhere near)
 
答案:1.Falling exports have,in turn,decreased domestic spending.
2.What would you do,for instance,if you found someone stealing?
3.It is essential that our prices remain competitive.
4.As an alternative,the following steps can be performed.
5.The farmers take measures to keep their crops free from disease.
6.It’s nowhere near the colour I’m looking for.

阅读
A

　　The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health.Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat,it has,at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is related to food as well.That food is related to illness is not a new discovery.In 1945,some researchers realised that things commonly used to keep colours in meats and other food additives (添加剂) caused cancer.
Yet,these additives remain in our food,and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings(包装) of foods are helpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct.Farmers often give penicillin to their animals,and because of this,penicillin has been found in the milk of cows.Sometimes similar things are supplied to animals not for their health,but just to make a profit.
The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market.Although some countries have tried to control such things,the practice continues.
1.According to this passage,we can know 　　　. 
A.perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat
B.perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat
C.cancer was discovered in 1945
D.science has made food unfit to eat
2.Things that are used to keep colours in meats are 　　　. 
A.harmful B.useless
C.helpless D.dangerous
3. People use additives 　　　. 
A.to make food more unfit to eat
B.to improve the colour of the food
C.to change the colour of the food
D.to take off the disease of the food
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是食物虽然可以让我们生存,但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的,所以我们要特别注意自己的饮食健康。阅读本文有利于培养学生养成健康的生活方式。
答案及剖析:
1.A　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第一段中的“Some research has shown...is related to food as well.”可知,也许大多数的人类疾病是由我们的饮食引起的。故选A。
2.A　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第一段中的“In 1945,some researchers realised...other food additives(添加剂) caused cancer.”可知,用来保持肉类颜色的东西是有害的。故选A。
3.B　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章第一段中的“In 1945,some researchers realised that things commonly used to keep colours in meats and other food additives(添加剂) caused cancer.”可推断,人们往往使用添加剂来改善食物的颜色。故选B。
B

　　At every turn in the Netherlands,the future of sustainable(可持续的) agriculture is taking shape—not in the meeting rooms of big companies but on thousands of modest family farms.
You can see it vividly on the farm run by Ted Duijvestijn and his brothers.At the Duijvestijns’ 36-acre greenhouse near the old city of Delf,visitors wander among the deep green tomato plants,which are 20 feet tall.Rooted not in soil but in materials made from leaves and stalks,the plants are heavy with tomatoes—15 varieties in all—to suit the taste of the most demanding customers.
Since 2004,the Duijvestijns have declared resource independence on every front.The farm produces all of its own energy and fertiliser and even some of the packaging materials necessary for the crop’s distribution and sale.The growing environment is kept at perfect temperatures year-round by geothermal heat(地热) that can be found under at least half of the Netherlands.Only rainwater is used for irrigation.Each kilogram of tomatoes from their plants requires less than 15 kilograms of water,compared with 61 kilograms for plants in open fields.Once each year the entire crop is regrown from seeds,and the old plants are processed to make packaging materials.The few pests that manage to enter the greenhouse are greeted by an army of fierce insects that shows no interest in tomatoes.The nutrition in the soil can be improved by growing plants that work with certain bacteria to produce their own fertiliser.In short,it’s an entirely self-contained food system.
“Look at the island of Bali in Indonesia!” Ted explains.“For at least a thousand years,its farmers have raised ducks and fish within the same rice field.It’s irrigated by the canal systems sculpted by human hands along mountains.They are our model.”
4.What can we learn about the Duijvestijns’ tomatoes?
A.Their colour is deep green.
B.There are 15 on each plant.
C.They are very tasty.
D.They grow in rich natural soil.
5.The Duijvestijns,greenhouse 　　　. 
A.does not have insects
B.is heated by solar energy
C.produces its own chemical fertiliser
D.consumes much less water
6.What does the underlined word “self-contained” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Independent. B.Reliable.
C.Satisfying. D.Separated.
7.Why does Ted mention the island of Bali?
A.He is attracted to its canal systems.
B.He will also raise ducks in his farm.
C.He wants to see the beautiful island.
D.He appreciates its farming methods.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰Duijvestijns生态农场的基本情况。阅读本文有利于培养学生关于人与环境、人与动植物和谐共存的意识。
答案及剖析:
4.C　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章第二段中的“Rooted not in soil but in materials...to suit the taste of the most demanding customers.”可知,Ted Duijvestijns农场生产的西红柿非常美味。故选C。
5.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第三段中的“Each kilogram of tomatoes from their plants requires less than 15 kilograms of water,compared with 61 kilograms for plants in open fields.”可知,Duijvestijns生态农场耗水量少。故选D。
6.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段的主题句“Since 2004,the Duijvestijns have declared resource independence on every front.”以及本段的细节内容可推断,该农场完全能自给自足,self-contained意为“自给自足的”。故选A。
7.D　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章最后一段中的“They are our model.”可推断,Ted提到巴厘岛是因为他非常欣赏巴厘岛上的耕作方法。故选D。
核心素养提升(UNIT 5)
(时间:120分钟　满分:150分)

高考主播音频
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man’s problem?(　C　)
A.He has no patience to wait for his wife.
B.He can’t see the sign clearly.
C.He’s parked in the wrong place.
2.What will Barbara do?(　A　)
A.Play volleyball.
B.Watch a game.
C.Find a player.
3.When did Susan leave home?(　A　)
A.At 5:30. B.At 6:10. C.At 6:15.
4.How does the woman think of the restaurant?(　A　)
A.Good food with high price.
B.Good food with reasonable price.
C.Good food with low price.
5.What did the man do first last night?(　B　)
A.He studied.
B.He did the dishes.
C.He walked the dog.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
　　听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What does the boy say about programs for teenagers?(　A　)
A.They’re dull.
B.They’re enjoyable.
C.They’re old.
7.What will the boy do this evening?(　B　)
A.Watch TV.
B.Listen to music.
C.Read a book.
　　听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What did the woman buy as her husband’s birthday present?(　C　)
A.A hat. B.A tie. C.A shirt.
9.Why did the assistant refuse to help the woman?(　B　)
A.Because the woman didn’t show him the receipt.
B.Because the thing she wanted to change had been worn.
C.Because the woman told a lie.
　　听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。
10.Where did the boy go just now?(　A　)
A.To the headmaster’s office.
B.To the classroom.
C.To his home.
11.How did the boy feel at first?(　A　)
A.Nervous. B.Excited. C.Proud.
12.What do we know about the boy?(　B　)
A.He did something wrong.
B.He won an international competition.
C.He failed to hand in an essay.
　　听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。
13.Where does the woman come from?(　A　)
A.London.
B.San Francisco.
C.Los Angeles.
14.How will the woman travel to Monterey?(　B　)
A.By plane. B.By car. C.By train.
15.How long will the woman stay at the man’s place?(　B　)
A.Three nights.
B.Four nights.
C.A week.
16.What will the weather be like in Monterey?(　C　)
A.Cold. B.Hot. C.Warm.
　　听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。
17.Who is making the announcement?(　B　)
A.The city mayor.
B.A Campus Security officer.
C.The marathon organiser.
18.When does the race start?(　A　)
A.At 7:30 am.
B.At 8:00 am.
C.At 9:00 am.
19.What does the speaker ask the listeners to do?(　C　)
A.Get excited about the marathon.
B.Call the marathon organisers to complain.
C.Finish their business before 9:00.
20.Why should people get a map?(　B　)
A.To find the closest parking lots.
B.To figure out where there might be traffic problems.
C.To find out which shops and banks are open.
听力原文
第一节
(Text 1)
W:Sir,did you see the “No Parking” sign?
M:I won’t be here long.My wife will finish shopping in five minutes.
W:Sorry,sir.Not even for one minute!You’ll get fined if you don’t go!
(Text 2)
M:Barbara,you see those girls over there?They need another player for a volleyball game.Would you like to join them?
W:Seems like it’s a game for fun.Sure,I’ll be there soon.
(Text 3)
M:I wonder if Susan will be here by six.
W:Her husband said she left home at half past five.She should be here at ten past six,a quarter past six at the latest.
(Text 4)
M:How was the restaurant where you ate last night?
W:The food was quite good,but the price was shocking.
M:I know.It’s difficult to find a restaurant that has both good food and reasonable price.
(Text 5)
M:Last night I was very busy.First,I had to do the dishes.Then,I had to take my dog out for a walk.After I got back home,I played the piano for an hour.
W:Let me guess,you saved your studying for last.
第二节
(Text 6)
W:Let’s watch TV.There are some programs on TV for teenagers.
M:I know,but the programs are always boring.What kind of programs do you like?
W:I like sports shows and movies.
M:I don’t really like watching sports—I like taking part in them.And most of the movies on TV are very old.Don’t you think so?
W:Well,I’m not sure.Then what are you going to do this evening?
M:Well,I’m going to enjoy some songs on the radio.
(Text 7)
M:Can I help you?
W:Well,I bought this shirt last week for my husband’s birthday,and er...well he doesn’t like it.Could I change it for something else,such as a tie or a hat?
M:Certainly,madam,provided that it hasn’t been worn,and if you have the receipt.
W:Yes,here it is.
M:OK,er...this shirt looks as if it were worn.I’m afraid I can’t put that back on the shelf.
W:Oh,that’s a pity.
(Text 8)
W:Hey,Peter!Where were you? I was looking for you everywhere.
M:I’m sorry,but I went to the headmaster’s office just now.
W:Were you nervous?
M:Yes.When I went inside his office,my heart was beating faster than ever.
W:What happened then?
M:Everyone came to me and shook my hands.Then,I saw my parents.They came up and hugged me.
W:Were they congratulating you?
M:Yes! You got it!I won an international essay competition for my essay called Saving Our Earth.They gave me a medal!
(Text 9)
M:Hi,Laura.I see you’re coming to California in October.When will you come to stay with us?
W:We can’t wait to see you and Tim.Jack and I have decided to spend three weeks in California.Then we are flying to San Francisco and after that flying back to London from Los Angeles.
M:So are you going to rent a car or take a train?
W:We’d spend three days in San Francisco,then hire a car.We’ll drive to visit you in Monterey for a few days,and then head south toward Los Angeles.
M:When are you arriving?
W:October the seventh.I think it’s a Monday.And what will the weather be like?
M:It’s normally about 70 degrees,sorry,that’s 20 degrees Celsius in your language!
W:Great,so we can go to the beach?
M:Absolutely.Here you can go practically all year round.
W:I’m so excited.If we could stay for four nights from the seventh,that could be just great.
M:You’re booked in.Just give me a ring when you set off from San Francisco.
(Text 10)
W:Please be advised that many streets in and around the Howard University campus will be closed on Sunday,Dec.1st,from 8:30 am to 3:30 pm as part of the Williams Route 66 Marathon.The city of Smithville has advised us that we should expect traffic problems,especially when runners are likely to be passing our school.Campus Security officers will be on hand to help direct the traffic,but you should expect difficulty entering and exiting the campus.The marathon begins downtown at 7:30 am More than 11,000 people are expected to attend this event,and a significant traffic jam is expected.Remember that visitors may also be lining the streets to cheer on the competitors,so it’s best to finish any shopping or banking before 9:00.We know that some of you will need to conduct business as usual.Students and employees who park in the apartment parking lots may be able to enter and exit through gates along the main streets that are normally closed during regular hours.You’d better get a map of the marathon course so that you can handle the traffic problems.You may also call their office at 218-155-1292.If you have concerns,please contact us at Campus Security by phone at 218-155-3616,or leave a comment on our website.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Looking for something fun to do this summer? Ready to learn about leadership and make a difference in your community? Apply to volunteer! Volunteers assist with activities under the guidance of experienced staff.
Summer Adventure Playgrounds Program
Help promote opportunities to play and lead playground participants in games, sports, arts & crafts, and make new friendships.
Dates:June 14-August 12, Monday-Friday
Times:9 am-3 pm
Application Deadline:May 25
The View
Help promote opportunities to take care of children in a social setting.This program includes trips to the Bloomington Family Aquatic Center.
Dates:June 14-August 6, Monday-Friday
Times:9 am-4 pm
Application Deadline:April 24
Adaptive Softball
Softball volunteers teach and encourage people with disabilities at weekly softball games at Tarnhill Park.Volunteers can choose to coach youth and/or adults on Tuesdays.
Dates:Tuesdays, June 14-August 10
Times:6:15 am-8:15 pm
Application Deadline:May 31
Farmers Market Volunteer
The Farmers Market is looking for volunteers in three types:Market Operations, Family Activities and Cooking display.
Dates:Mondays & Saturdays, June 12-October 23
Times:7 am-2 pm with varying shifts
Application Deadline:April 16
To apply to volunteer, visit BloomingtonMN.gov.All volunteers must apply online and fill out the application form before an interview.For more information, contact Parks and Recreation at 952-563-8877 or e-mail at parksrec@BloomingtonMN.gov.
21.Which program will you choose if you are not free on Mondays?
A.Summer Adventure Playgrounds Program.
B.Adaptive Softball.
C.Farmers Market Volunteer.
D.The View.
22.If you are good at cooking, you may apply to the related program on 　　　. 
A.April 15 B.April 20
C.May 24 D.May 31
23.What should you do to gain the opportunity as a volunteer?
A.Send the application form by e-mail.
B.Go for an interview directly.
C.Contact the organisers at 952-563-8877.
D.Fill in an application form online.
语篇导读:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个志愿者活动的情况,包括时间安排、活动内容等信息。阅读本文有利于开阔学生的视野,培养其热爱生活的意识。
答案及剖析:
21.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据Summer Adventure Playgrounds Program部分中的“Dates:June 14-August 12, Monday-Friday”,The View部分中的“Dates:June 14-August 6, Monday-Friday”,Adaptive Softball部分中的“Dates:Tuesdays, June 14-August 10”,以及Farmers Market Volunteer部分中的“Dates:Mondays & Saturdays, June 12-October 23”可知,如果你周一没有时间,你可以选择Adaptive Softball项目。故选B。
22.A　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据Farmers Market Volunteer部分中的“The Farmers Market is looking for volunteers in three types:
Market Operations, Family Activities and Cooking display.”以及“Application Deadline:April 16”可知,如果你擅长烹饪,可以在4月15日申请相关课程。故选A。
23.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“All volunteers must apply online and fill out the application form before an interview.”可知,你应该在网上填写申请表来获得作为志愿者的机会。故选D。
B

I bought several packs of seeds, 24 small plastic seed pots, plant fertiliser and potting soil.I made sure the soil didn’t contain added fertiliser.I wanted something that I could grow quickly, that wouldn’t take up a lot of space and that wouldn’t get too big.I ran this experiment in early fall in Maryland.So I knew I needed a plant that could grow when it’s cool.I picked radishes (小萝卜), which grow well in the early fall or spring.Some varieties can grow a full radish in only 21 days.
I kept 12 of the pots and one pack of seeds for myself.I gave the other 12 pots and the other packet of seeds—along with some fertiliser and soil—to my editor, Sarah.This was to provide an additional control for location.After all, what if my yard just happens to be much better for growing plants? What if it’s worse? By dividing the plants up between my yard and Sarah’s, I hoped to make sure that any difference with the plants came from the fertiliser.
Sarah and I planted our seeds.Sometimes, seeds don’t sprout (发芽).So we carefully planted four evenly (相等地) spaced seeds in each pot.Six of my pots (and six of Sarah’s) served as controls-pots that would not get fertiliser.Our other six were treated with fertiliser.For each of us, this added up to 24 control seeds, and 24 seeds that would get fertiliser.
We watered all the plants equally with clean water every other day (unless it rained).Once a week, we applied fertiliser to half the pots.We also took pictures every day, so we could see the plants change over time.As I expected, many of our seeds didn’t sprout.In fact, only about a fourth of mine sprouted.Sarah has a greener thumb.She successfully grew half of hers.
24.Why does the author want to grow such a plant?
A.To enjoy it.
B.To make it very cool.
C.To take up more space.
D.To make an experiment.
25.In the author’s view, what’s the difference of plants Sarah and she grow?
A.From the fertiliser used.
B.From the different ways.
C.From the different soil.
D.From the seeds used.
26.What can we get from Paragraph 3?
A.The experiment is successful.
B.The author is respectful to her editor.
C.The author is considerate.
D.The process of the experiment is complex.
27.What do you think of Sarah?
A.She’s fond of growing plants.
B.She’s smarter than the author.
C.She has a gifted for growing plants.
D.She’s a devoted and friendly woman.
语篇导读:本文的写作方法是夹叙夹议。作者通过讲述在院子种植植物的全过程以及与同事萨拉的种植对比来说明自己要做的一个实验,并以此来说明科学种植的重要性。阅读本文有利于培养学生严谨的学习态度。
答案及剖析:
24.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“I ran this experiment in early fall in Maryland.So I knew I needed a plant that could grow when it’s cool.”可知,作者种植这样一种植物是为了想要在秋季做实验。故选D。
25.A　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段最后一句可知,作者认为主要是肥料的使用带来差异。故选A。
26.C　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段的描述可知,作者与同事Sarah对种子进行了细致的分配,而且用两种方法进行种植。由此推知,作者是一个考虑周到的人。故选C。
27.C　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的“Sarah has a greener thumb.”可推知,作者的朋友萨拉在种植植物方面有一定的天赋。故选C。
C
In my everyday life,I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet.A carbon footprint is the measure of influence our activities have on the environment,in particular climate change.It is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives.
Fortunately,nowadays it is much easier to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices than,let’s say,20 years ago.But one question has been on my mind a lot lately:is it better to buy new eco-friendly products or used traditionally produced goods?
After doing some research,I have decided that some things are better new and others are better used.Let me try to explain.
A carbon footprint is made up of two parts,the primary footprint and the secondary footprint.The primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions
(排放) of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the burning of fuels,including household energy consumption and transportation.The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use—those related to their production and breakdown.
Based on this understanding,we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint.Things like dishes,clothes and furniture fall into the “secondary footprint” group,so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production.However,for the car and the other appliances (设备) that we need we can go with new,energy-saving models.I heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off 90% of their carbon footprint after they leave the factory.So it seems most reasonable to go for the energy-saving models.The main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.
28.What is the text mainly about?
A.What appliances to buy to save energy.
B.What a carbon footprint means in our life.
C.How to identify different carbon footprints.
D.How to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices.
29.What do we know about the secondary carbon footprint?
A.It is related to our consumption of fuels.
B.It is made when we are buying the products.
C.It is less harmful than the primary carbon footprint.
D.It is counted as ours though not directly made by us.
30.Which of the following helps reduce our carbon footprint according to the author?
A.Using second-hand textbooks.
B.Using old and expensive cars.
C.Buying new but cheap clothes.
D.Buying new wooden furniture.
31.“The footprint” underlined in the last sentence refers to the CO2 produced in 　　　. 
A.using the product
B.recycling the product
C.making the product
D.transporting the product
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。作者一直努力减少生活中的碳足迹,新型环保产品和使用过的传统生产的产品,哪一种更能减少碳足迹呢?作者通过研究和对比给我们找到了答案:他们各有千秋。阅读本文有利于培养学生的环保意识和创新精神。
答案及剖析:
28.D　主旨大意题。考查学生理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据文章第一段中的“Fortunately,nowadays it is much easier to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices”和困扰作者的一个问题“is it better to buy new eco-friendly products or used traditionally produced goods”,以及第二段的内容可知,作者通过研究得出答案,有些时候是新型环保产品好,有时候是传统产品更好。文章接下来的段落就是分析了作者这个答案是怎样找到的。由此可知,文章主要是关于怎样选择更环保的生活方式的。故选D。
29.D　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的“The secondary footprint is a measure...related to their production and breakdown.”可知,第二种碳足迹虽然不是我们直接产生的,但是也是我们使用的产品释放出来的,也是要归结到我们身上的。故选D。
30.A　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第四段中的“Things like dishes...used goods to avoid the added production.”可知,像盘子、衣服和家具这样的物品是属于“第二类型的足迹”,所以是越少越好,我们应该注重寻找用过的物品来避免额外的生产。二手书属于可以二次使用的物品,符合题意。故选A。
31.A　词汇猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词汇意义的能力。根据第四段中的“The main concern here...the product will make once it gets to you.”可知,“footprint”在其后的定语从句“the product will make once it gets to you”中充当“make”的宾语,意思是“这种碳足迹就是产品到你手里之后,你使用中所产生的”。由此推知,画线词组the footprint指的是“产品使用过程中产生的二氧化碳”。故选A。
D
Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have grown wood-like structures from cells taken from the leaves of a flowering plant.
The results were recently reported in a study.Velasquez-Garcia, the lead researcher, said the process is still in the early stage.But if it can be perfected, it could simplify and speed up the production of wood products.“The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” Velasquez-Garcia said.
For example, the current process of making a wooden table can take many years.First, a tree has to grow.Then, it must be cut down, transported, processed, etc.Velasquez-Garcia says lab-grown wood could combine all those steps into one.“You want a table, then you should just grow a table.” he said.
The process is similar in some ways to lab-produced meat, which is grown from live animal cells.But in the wood experiment, the MIT team collected live cells from the leaves of a zinnia plant.
The plant cells were then kept in an environment designed to support growth.Plant cells can become anything if they are induced to.
The experiment was carried out indoors, without soil or sunlight.During the process, the researchers used a mixture of two plant hormones that helped the cells grow a thick, strong wood-like structure.With further study, the researchers say they could use the same process to grow wood in specific shapes, such as a table.
Such a lab-based farming method “promises to improve yields while reducing plant waste and competition for arable land,” the research study states.
David Stern is a plant biologist, who was not involved in the study.He said one big question is whether the technology can remain economically competitive since the method would require major financial and intellectual investments.And he said new issues would arise when parts of forestry and agriculture were brought into the lab.“Agriculture uses the sun’s energy through photosynthesis, and...natural rainfall.It does not require buildings, heat, or artificial light,” Stern said.
32.What is the advantage of producing wood in the lab over traditional ways?
A.Lower cost.
B.Stronger structure.
C.More procedures.
D.Higher productivity.
33.The author mentioned lab-produced meat to 　　　. 
A.stress the high popularity it enjoys
B.help tell it from lab-produced wood
C.explain the wood experiment more clearly
D.provide another way of producing wood in the lab
34.What can we infer about the wood experiment?
A.It requires no light.
B.It failed eventually.
C.It needs to be perfected.
D.It produced no plant waste.
35.What is Stern’s attitude towards the lab-based farming method?
A.Cautious. B.Opposed.
C.Uncaring. D.Favourable.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院的研究人员从一种开花植物的叶子中提取细胞,培育出了木质结构。文章介绍了这项技术的一些优势和人们对此的看法。阅读本文有利于培养学生的科学精神和创新意识。
答案及剖析:
32.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“Velasquez-Garcia, the lead researcher, said...changed in centuries and is very inefficient,’ Velasquez-Garcia said.”可知,与传统方法相比,在实验室生产木材的优势在于生产效率更高。故选D。
33.C　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第四段“The process is similar in...the leaves of a zinnia plant.”可知,这一过程在某些方面与实验室生产的肉类相似,后者是用活的动物细胞培养而成的。但在木材实验中,麻省理工学院的研究小组从百日草的叶子中收集了活细胞。由此可推知,作者提到实验室生产的肉是为了更清楚地解释木材实验。故选C。
34.C　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据倒数第三段中的“With further study, the researchers say...in specific shapes, such as a table.”可知,研究人员说,通过进一步的研究,他们可以用同样的方法种植特定形状的木材,比如桌子。由最后一段中的“He said one big question...major financial and intellectual investments.”可知,一个大问题是,这种技术能否保持经济竞争力,因为这种方法需要大量的财力和智力投入。由此可推知,木材实验需要进一步完善。故选C。
35.A　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据最后一段可知,David Stern是一名植物生物学家,他没有参与这项研究。他说,一个大问题是,这种技术能否保持经济竞争力,因为这种方法需要大量的财政和智力投资。他说,当林业和农业的部分被纳入实验室时,新的问题将会出现。农业通过光合作用和自然降雨来利用太阳能。它不需要建筑、供热或人工照明。由此可推知,Stern对实验室农业方法持谨慎态度。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The sunflower, native to North America, is now cultivated worldwide, with Antarctica the only continent where it is not grown.36.　　　 They found this plant could provide them with a variety of useful products.By pointing or grinding, the seeds were turned into flour and used to make bread.Oil, also used in bread making, was obtained by squeezing the seeds.The native people enjoyed eating the seeds as a healthy snack food. 
37.　　 　 Native Americans also used the oil of the sunflower for hair grooming.Purple and yellow hair dyes were made from sunflowers and used as body paint and a way to decorate textiles and baskets.The dried stalks, being light and strong, were ideal for use as a building material.38.　　　They believed it was a good dressing for wounds and could treat snakebites effectively. 
Today there are over sixty varieties of sunflowers which are used to produce a wide range of products for both human and animal consumption.39.　　 　 The material which is left after the pressing is called “press cake” and is used to make feed for livestock.The sunflower seeds make an excellent snack food when roasted or even raw.The entire seed is often used in commercial birdseed mixtures for domestic and wild birds.40.　　　 
Industry uses sunflower oil in the production of paint, soaps, candles and many other products.However, remembering how beautiful the sunflower looks, what gardener wouldn’t love to have some of these tall, showy plants to beautify his or her garden?
A.Sunflower oil for cooking is obtained by pressing the seeds.
B.Many people enjoy the healthy bread produced from sunflower seed flour.
C.The nutrients in these seeds may reduce your risk of common health problems.
D.The sunflower follows the sun in its travels across the sky from dawn until dusk.
E.The sunflower was also used by Native Americans for a variety of medicinal purposes.
F.Native people of North America started cultivating the sunflower over 5,000 years ago.
G.However, the sunflower provided many products which were not used in food applications.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了向日葵的种植以及一些用向日葵生产的产品。阅读本文有利于培养学生人与环境、人与动植物和谐共存的意识。
答案及剖析:
36.F　考查学生理解段内句间衔接关系的能力。根据上文“The sunflower, native to North America, is now cultivated worldwide, with Antarctica the only continent where it is not grown.”可知,上文提到了向日葵在北美洲的种植情况,F选项中“North America”对应上文中“North America”。F选项“北美洲的原住民在5 000年前就开始种植向日葵了。”符合语境,且下文的“They”指代的就是北美洲的原住民。故选F。
37.G　考查学生理解段落主题句与段内句间衔接关系的能力。根据后文“Native Americans also used the oil of the sunflower...being light and strong, were ideal for use as a building material.”可知,后文的例子表明与向日葵相关的产品多为日常使用,而不是用于生产食物。G选项“然而,向日葵提供的许多产品并没有用于食品应用。”符合语境。故选G。
38.E　考查学生理解段内句间衔接关系的能力。根据后文“They believed it was a good dressing for wounds and could treat snakebites effectively.”可知,后文指出有人将向日葵作为一种药品,来治疗蛇咬伤,由此推知设空处陈述向日葵在医药方面的作用。E选项“向日葵也被印第安人用作多种药用目的。”符合语境。故选E。
39.A　考查学生理解段内句间衔接关系的能力。根据后文“The material which is left after the pressing is called ‘press cake’ and is used to make feed for livestock.”可知,后文提到了压榨后剩下的材料,可见本句是在说明压榨得到的产品,A选项中的“pressing”对应后文中的“pressing”。A选项“烹饪用的葵花籽油是通过压榨种子得到的。”符合语境。故选A。
40.B　考查学生理解段内句间衔接关系的能力。根据上文“The sunflower seeds make an excellent snack...commercial birdseed mixtures for domestic and wild birds.”可知,上文提到了葵花籽可以制成食物,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文继续说明葵花籽可以制成的食物,B选项中“sunflower seed”对应上文中“sunflower seeds”。B选项“许多人喜欢用葵花籽面粉制成的健康面包。”符合语境。故选B。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A wave hit my face and I swallowed salt water.My chest was already burning as I struggled to 　41　.I had no air to call for help.In desperation I 　42　 one hand and waved it to get the lifeguard’s attention. 
Two young men were suddenly near me.“Help,” I　43　 to whisper. 
One of them grabbed my arm.The other grabbed his arm.Together they pulled me toward the 　44　.The lifeguard entered the water with his 　45　.“You can stand here,” he said.“The water’s shallow.” 
I shook my head.I was too 　46　 to stand, much less walk.They 　47　 me over the board. 
“You were caught in a riptide(激流),” the lifeguard said 　48　 the three of them carried me onto the sand, still shaking, trying to catch my breath. 
“Are you all right now?” one of my 　49　 asked. 
I looked up at the two of them and　50　.For the first time I got a really good look at them.They looked 　51　 as if they were twins. 
“Thank you so much for saving my life.And thank you too,” I said to the lifeguard.
The few others had　52　 on the beach.I felt embarrassed and 　53　 to walk back to my towel.After just a few 　54　 I looked back again for the twins. 
“There you are!” Dom said when I got back to the towel.I looked back at the 　55　.Then I sat down with my friends to tell them about the angels. 
41.A.run B.breathe
C.swim D.relax
42.A.raised B.injured
C.sought D.left
43.A.refused B.managed
C.pretended D.forgot
44.A.bank B.opposite
C.shore D.field
45.A.board B.assistant
C.rope D.boat
46.A.sleepy B.frightened
C.annoyed D.worn
47.A.laid B.threw
C.hid D.teased
48.A.since B.as
C.but D.if
49.A.colleagues B.friends
C.rescuers D.customers
50.A.nodded B.slipped
C.apologised D.fell
51.A.handsome B.alike
C.pale D.happy
52.A.cooked B.slept
C.gathered D.shouted
53.A.broke down B.turned in
C.kept off D.got up
54.A.hours B.games
C.steps D.questions
55.A.picture B.record
C.pattern D.water
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在海里遇险被救生员营救的故事。阅读本文有利于培养学生学会感恩、学会生活的意识。
[文章脉络]

答案及剖析:
41.B　根据下文“I had no air to call for help.”可知,作者在努力呼吸(breathe)。
42.A　根据下文“and waved it to get the lifeguard’s attention”可知,在绝望中作者举起(raised)一只手摇动以得到救生员的注意。
43.B　根据下文作者获救可知,此处指作者成功地(managed)低声喊出了“救命”。
44.C　根据上文“One of them grabbed my arm.The other grabbed his arm.”可知,作者在海里游泳时遇到危险,所以是他们一起把作者拉向海岸(shore)。
45.A　根据下一段中的“They 　47　 me over the board.”可知,救生员拿着救生板(board)下水。 
46.D　根据第一、第二段作者努力求救的描述,以及下文“much less walk”可知,作者太疲惫了(worn),站不起来。
47.A　根据上文“I was too 　46　 to stand, much less walk.”可知,救生员让作者站起来,但是作者太疲惫了站不起来,所以他们把作者放到(laid)救生板上面。 
48.B　as作为连词,意为“当……时候”,这里指救生员把作者抬到沙滩上时。
49.C　根据上文“‘You were caught in a riptide(激流),’ the lifeguard said 　48　 the three of them carried me onto the sand, still shaking, trying to catch my breath.”可知,是两名年轻人把作者从海里救出来,所以此处说的是救援者(rescuers)。 
50.A　根据下文“For the first time I got a really good look at them.”可知,作者感觉好多了,因此当救援者问作者时,作者点了点头(nodded)。
51.B　根据下文“as if they were twins”提示可知,这两个人看起来很像(alike)。
52.C　看到海边发生的这一幕,人们很好奇,所以聚集(gathered)过来。
53.D　根据上文“the lifeguard said 　48　 the three of them carried me onto the sand, still shaking”可知,当时作者躺着,因此当人们聚集在附近时,作者感到尴尬,站起来
(got up)走回去。 
54.C　根据上文“walk back to my towel”可知,走了几步(steps),作者又回头找那对
双胞胎。
55.D　回想起刚才在水中发生的一幕,很是令人恐惧同时又很感激。所以作者又回头看了看海里的水(water)。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Built over 2,200 years ago, Dujiangyan,56.　　 　　is the world’s oldest man-made water system, lies in Sichuan Province in Southwest China.This amazing engineering 57.　　　　 (achieve) is seen as a wonder in the development of Chinese science. 
In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands 58.　　　　 (suffer) from regular floods 59.　　　　 (cause) by overflow from the Minjiang River.
60.　　　　(help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution.Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally.61.　　　　 (good) than ever, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 62.　　　　suitable for farming. 
Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and the people were able to live 63.　　　　(peace).Today, Dujiangyan 64.　　　　(admire) by scientists from around the world because of one feature.Unlike modern dams where the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, enabling ecosystem and fish populations to exist 65.　　　　 harmony. 
语篇导读:本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代水利工程都江堰的历史、作用等。阅读本文有利于学生了解自然、学习自然,养成保护自然的意识,增强学生的家国情怀。
答案及剖析:
56.which　考查非限制性定语从句。“Dujiangyan”作先行词,指物,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
57.achievement　考查名词。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少主语,再根据谓语动词“is seen”可知,此处用名词单数作主语,所给词achieve是动词,其名词是achievement。故填achievement。
58.suffered　考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“In ancient times”可知,句子用一般过去时。故填suffered。
59.caused　考查过去分词作后置定语。此处“floods”和“cause”之间是被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。
60.To help　考查动词不定式作目的状语。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填To help。
61.Better　考查比较级。根据“than”可知,此处用形容词比较级。故填Better。
62.it　考查代词。结合句意可知,此处用“it”指代“Chengdu Plain”。故填it。
63.peacefully　考查副词。用副词修饰动词“live”,所给词peace是名词,其副词是peacefully。故填peacefully。
64.is admired　考查一般现在时的被动语态。这里在描述现在的状况,且句子主语是第三人称单数“Dujiangyan”,和谓语动词admire之间是被动关系,是一般现在时的被动语态。故填is admired。
65.in　考查介词。固定短语:in harmony“协调一致,和谐地”。故填in。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
　　上周六,校学生会组织了一次参观雅琳农业生态园的活动。假设你是李华,请你给校英文报写一篇报道。活动内容包括:
1.观赏花草;
2.采摘蔬果;
3.了解现代农业。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右,题目已为你写好;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Students’ Visit to Yalin Agricultural Ecological Garden







　　One possible version:
Students’ Visit to Yalin Agricultural Ecological Garden
Last Saturday, some students took part in an activity organised by the school student union.They paid a visit to Yalin Agricultural Ecological Garden.
Upon arrival, they were greatly attracted by the garden.They admired various beautiful flowers, trees and plants.Then, they went into the fields to pick fruit and vegetables.They also learned a great deal of knowledge about modern agriculture from the gardeners.
This activity benefited the students a lot.It not only broadened their horizons but also raised their awareness of green life.
第二节(满分25分)
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Carol was nine years old.She lived with her father David, Mother May and elder brother Rob.The little family happily lived in a beautiful village surrounded with beautiful nature.The village was at the foot of a mountain, with beautiful views of the snowy mountain.The family survived on growing seasonal plants and trees.Their life is totally surrounded by nature and beauty.
While they lived a very happy life, Carol did not love the beautiful atmosphere of the village.She really wanted to move into the city and enjoy the city life.She wanted to shop, move around the city, watch movies, and eat in fantastic restaurants and cafes, etc.
However, there was hardly any chance that Carol’s family moved to the city as they had everything in the village.
One day, Carol fell asleep during the early noon and she had a sound sleep.Of course, she had a strange dream.She saw her grandmother in her dream as a fairy and her deceased grandmother granted her a wish.Carol requested her that she should love to enjoy the city life as she always desired.
Grandmother understood the desire of Carol, but still wanted to convince her that the peaceful village life was better than the city life.
She told Carol, “Baby, you cannot have access to fresh fruit and vegetables from plants as you have at your home.You cannot breathe fresh air.You cannot play with animals.You can hardly find any trees.You will not find peace as you see here! Do you still want to go to the city?”
Without hearing the concerns, Carol asked her grandmother to grant the wish.Grandmother granted her wish, but with a condition.Carol was told that she would only have 6 hours to spend in the city.
Later, she would return to the village.Carol agreed.
　　注意:
续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　Carol then found herself in the city with her friends. 
 
 
 
 
Paragraph 2:
　　Carol’s brother Rob was calling her for lunch and Carol woke up. 
 
 
 
 

1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。

2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。

3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。

4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
　　Carol then found herself in the city with her friends. Carol and her friends went to watch movies.After that they ate delicious food in a restaurant and shopped in a huge mall.Carol was happy that she had the chance to experience the life in the city.Yet at the same time, she understood that everything told by her grandmother was true in the city.There was no peace and no silences; the city life was fast and rushing.The air quality was not satisfying.She could hardly find any animal or even a tree.
　　Carol’s brother Rob was calling her for lunch and Carol woke up. She recalled what happened just now in her dream and realised that her life in the village with her family was far more wonderful than the city life.Carol understood that she was having a more joyful life.She shared her dream with her family while enjoying the fresh fruit and vegetables, and they laughed together.Carol also developed a love for plants, animals and beautiful nature.