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外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读选择性必修第4册Unit 5 Into the unknown课时学案
展开三言 | 两语 |
1. We'll try to get as close as possible to the animals, even though they are dangerous, so that we can take some really good photographs. 2. Although we can't solve these mysteries, I believe that, in the future, they will eventually be conquered by human beings. 3. Usually popular science books explain basic principles of nature in a simple and interesting way. | 1. 如果这样的动物确实存在的话，我们可能会有机会亲眼看到。 If such creatures really exist, we might have the chance to see one with our own eyes． 2. 科普书帮助我们更好地理解科学，并唤起我们对科学发现的好奇心。 Popular science books help us understand science better and arouse our curiosity about scientific discoveries. |
核心单词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. bury v. 将……埋在下面 2. ruin n. 残垣断壁，废墟 3. dismiss v. 拒绝考虑，否定 4. canal n. 运河 5. retreat v. 后退；离开；退避 6. upwards adv. 向上，朝上 7. furthermore adv. 此外；而且；不仅如此 8. notable adj. 显要的；显著的；值得注意的 9. substance n. 物质 10. astronomy n. 天文学 11. equivalent adj. 等同的；等值的；相当的 12. shrink v. 退缩，畏缩 |
核心单词 | [语境运用]根据汉语提示写出单词 1. The thin girl buried (将……埋在下面) her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news. 2. The arrival of canals (运河) was of great value to many industries. 3. Much to our disappointment, the terrible earthquake left the whole city in ruins (废墟) in a short time. 4. As far as I'm concerned, we can dismiss (拒绝考虑) their objections. 5. Any substance (物质) is made of atom whether it is solid, liquid or gas. 6. Furthermore (而且), university students in Hong Kong have a better chance to study abroad as exchange students. |
拓展单词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. civilisation n. 文明(社会)→civilise v. 教化；开化→civilised adj. 文明的；开化的 2. tropic n. 回归线→tropical adj. 来自热带的；产于热带的 3. abandon v. 离弃，逃离→abandoned adj. 被抛弃的，被丢弃的；废弃的 4. expand v. 扩大，扩展→expansion n. 扩大；增加→expansive adj. 广阔的；全面的 5. investigate v. 调查→investigation n. 调查→investigator n. 调查者；侦查员；侦探 6. drill v. 钻(洞)；钻(孔)训练；练习 n. 钻；操练，训练→drilling n. 钻探；勘探→driller n. 钻孔者；钻孔机 |
拓展单词 | [语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. This abandoned boy was abandoning himself to taking drugs.(abandon) 2. The city has been expanding rapidly，whose expansion has brought damage to the natural surroundings.(expand) 3. The police carried out a thorough investigation. The investigators were going to investigate how this disaster took place on earth.(investigate) |
阅读单词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. intrigue v. (因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心 2. pyramid n. 金字塔3. cyclone n. 气旋；旋风 4. megadrought n. 超级干旱 5. downfall n. 衰败 6. getaway n. 逃跑，逃走 7. subdue v. 克制，抑制(情绪) 8. uncharted adj. 地图上没有标明的 9. delve v. 探索，探究 10. shipwreck n. 失事的船；沉船 11. archaeological adj. 考古学的；考古的 12. coral n. 珊瑚 13. millimetre n. 毫米 14. barreleye n. 管眼鱼 15. trench n. 海沟 16. stack v. (使)整齐地堆起；摞起 17. vessel n. 船；舰 18. vol(＝volume) n. (书的)卷，册 |
熟词生义 | 1. The government had retreated from its pledge (承诺) to reduce class sizes.改变主意 2. A federal judge dismissed the charges against the doctor yesterday.驳回；不受理 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. lead to 导致，引起 2. set out 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途；开始…… 3. turn... into 把……变成 4. shrink from 避免做，不愿做 5. throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去 6. add to 增加；增添 7. fall into ruin (因无人照料而)衰落，败落 8. run for one's life 逃命 9. check out 调查，检查 10. correspond to 与……一致 11. at one's peak 在……顶峰 12. look into 调查(问题) 13. think twice 再三考虑，慎重考虑 14. make a getaway 逃跑 15. steer clear of 避开……；从……处脱身 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. I am lucky enough to have a job that corresponds to my dream. 2. Maybe we ought to go down to the library and check it out． 3. The Maya civilisation fell into ruin forever. 4. A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 5. I ran for my life when the wild dog was chasing me. [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 Tom used to be a bad boy. He often threw himself 1. into playing jokes on other students and often shrank 2. from the things that the teachers asked him to, which added 3. to the difficulty of the teachers and led 4. to other students disliking him. After his headteacher's patient teaching, he was turned 5. into a good boy finally. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. be likely to have done This is likely to have led to a series of droughts，each lasting for a couple of years, including a “megadrought” around 900 AD. | 老师可能已经知道真相了。 The teacher is likely to have known the truth. |
2. whatever引导让步状语从句 Whatever the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle. | 不管结果如何，我们都应对生活保持乐观的态度。 Whatever the result is, we should keep an optimistic attitude towards life. |
3. there be no need (for sb.) to do sth. While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations, we should always look into things first and consider our options. | 现在没必要告诉我你的答案。思考一下，然后告诉我。 There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some thought and then let me know. |
1. bury v. 将……埋在下面，埋葬，掩埋；使沉浸，使专心
bury one's head/face in one's hands 用手捂住头/脸
be buried in＝bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于
be buried in thought 沉思
[联想]表示“专注于，致力于，埋头于”的其他短语：
①be devoted to ②be absorbed in ③be lost in
④concentrate on ⑤focus on ⑥fix one's attention on
[词块]
bury his head in the sand 逃避现实
bury her face in her hands with embarrassment 她尴尬地双手掩面
be buried in heavy school work 埋头于繁重的学业中
——单句语法填空
①He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
②Burying (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping.
——句式升级
(普通表达)Because he buried himself in his book, he didn't know it was raining outside.
③(高级表达)Burying himself in his book, he didn't know it was raining outside.(现在分词短语作状语)
④(高级表达)Buried in his book, he didn't know it was raining outside.(过去分词短语作状语)
2. abandon v. 离弃，逃离；遗弃，抛弃，放弃；中止；(与oneself连用)使放纵，使听任 n. 放任；放纵
(1)abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to doing sth. 沉溺于做某事；放纵(感情)做某事
(2)with abandon 纵情；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的
[词块]
an abandoned farm 一个废弃的农场
abandon an animal 遗弃动物
abandon himself to despair 陷入绝望
——单句语法填空
①These plans were abandoned (abandon) because of financial problems.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned (abandon)bricks of different ages.
③They abandoned carrying (carry)out the plan because of the bad weather.
——句式升级
(普通表达)He abandoned himself to playing computer games and didn't pass the exam.
④(高级表达)Abandoning himself to playing computer games, he didn't pass the exam.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑤(高级表达)Abandoned to playing computer games, he didn't pass the exam.(过去分词短语作状语)
3. ruin n. [U]毁坏；毁灭；崩溃 [C](pl.) 残垣断壁，废墟；遗迹 v. (使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭
(1)in ruins 成为废墟
(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己； 自取灭亡
ruin one's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉
[词块]
ruin the table cloth 弄脏了那块桌布
ruin our friendship 破坏了我们的友谊
the ruin of civilisation 文明的毁灭
financial ruin 破产
the ruins of Rome 古罗马遗迹
——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining (ruin) the atmosphere of peace?
②It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.
③When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighbourhood in ruins.
——句式升级
(普通表达)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake and it made us awake all night.
④(高级表达)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night．(非限制性定语从句)
4. set out 动身踏上(漫长的)旅途；开始……
set out for sp. 出发去某地
set out to do sth.＝set about doing sth. 开始做某事
set off 出发，动身；使爆炸；激起；引起
set aside 存储；留出
set up 建立，创立
set down 放下；记下，登记
——单句语法填空
①He asked me how he should set about learning the German language.
②The government has set out to make many needed reforms.
③His rude reply set off a bad feeling of me and I left without saying anything.
——完成句子
④You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
你最好每天抽出一些时间运动，以便能够保持精力充沛。
⑤(浙江卷)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set about preparing/set out to prepare your business plan.
有这些你所收集的信息，你可以着手准备你的商业计划了。
5. look into 向……里面看去；调查(问题)
look down upon/on 蔑视，瞧不起
look through 浏览，仔细查看
look up 查找，查阅
look up to 仰慕，尊敬某人
look forward to 盼望，期待
look back (on/at sth.) 回首(往事)，回忆，回顾
——单句语法填空
①I often look up the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
②Would you please look through the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?
③It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of two missing children.
——完成句子
④There is no reason for us to look down upon/on ordinary jobs.
我们没有理由轻视普通的工作。
6. there be no need (for sb.) to do sth.
(教材原文)While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations, we should always look into things first and consider our options.
虽然我们没有必要在新的情况下退缩，但我们应该总是先调查事情，然后考虑我们的选择。
there be no need (for sb.) to do sth. 意为“(对某人来说)没必要做某事”。
其他类似句型：
(1)There be no doubt that... ……是毫无疑问的
There be no possibility that... ……是不可能的
(2)There be no point/sense/use/good (in) doing
做……没有意义/没有用/没好处
——单句语法填空
①If you choose to stay at home, it is comfortable and there is no need for you to spend (spend) money.
②With your help, there is no doubt that we can finish the task on time.
③There's no sense getting (get) upset about it now.
——完成句子
④There is no possibility that the project will be completed within ten days.
这个项目在十天之内完成是不可能的。
⑤There is no use (in) wasting time in discussing the matter.
浪费时间去讨论这事是没有用的。
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. Last year her fantasy story which involved the mysterious (myth) Forbidden City received critical acclaim (喝彩)．
2. There is a rapid expansion (expand) of private nursing home care over the last decade.
3. Burying (bury) himself in his novel, Peter didn't notice that it was getting dark.
4. It is reported that the abandoned (abandon) baby has been sent to the local hospital.
5. The students set out to prepare (prepare) their graduation ceremony.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
6. It is likely that he will realise his dream of becoming a diver.
7. Many doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.
8. The fact that the epidemic had been controlled made us feel relaxed.
9. Nobody can shrink from making mistakes in the whole life.
10. Run for your life! The roof's falling in!
查缺补漏
11. With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins (ruin)．
12. What they really need is understanding after they lost the final match.
13. After the investigation (investigate), they drew the conclusion that the man was innocent.
14. You are not able to buy whatever you want for lack of money.
15. There is no need to get (get) angry for such a thing.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
Dinosaurs 1. undoubtedly (doubt) ruled the land and sky in their time, but there was little evidence of their presence in water until now. According to a new study published in the journal Nature, 2. an international team of researchers uncovered a wellpreserved skeleton (骨架) of a dinosaur's tail in 3. what is now known as the Saharan desert — a region 4. believed (believe) to have been an oasis (绿洲) 100 million years ago.
The remains belong to a dinosaur species named Spinosaurus aegyptiacus. Through reconstruction 5. of the tail skeleton, scientists found that the tail had a finlike (鳍状的) shape, 6. which propelled (推进) the dinosaur forward. Its bones were very dense (密实的), allowing 7. it to control its body position in the water. The structure of the tail bones also indicated that the animal could grow up to 15 metres long and 8. weigh (weight) up to 20 tons.
The team made a model 9. to copy (copy) Spinosaurus' swimming movements, and the result supported the idea of a tailpropelled “river monster”. David Unwin, a scientist at the University of Leicester, the UK, considered the discovery as “game changing” 10. since it fundamentally alters (改变) our understanding of how this dinosaur species lived and hunted.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①在百慕大三角存在着许多神秘之事，它被认为是世界上最不为人知的地方之一。
There exist many mysterious events in Bermuda Triangle, which is considered to be one of the most unknown places in the world.
②1981年，载有6个人的一艘船在经过百慕大三角时突然消失了，这使得水手们一提到这个地方就退缩。
In 1981, a boat with six people suddenly disappeared when passing the Bermuda Triangle, and it made other sailors shrink on mentioning this place.
③这件事给其他的海上航行蒙上阴影。
The incident cast a shadow over other sea voyages.
④八年后，这艘失事船在同一个地方再次出现，船上的六个人仍然活着。
The shipwreck appeared again eight years later in the same spot, and all the six people were still alive on board.
⑤他们否认了自己失踪，因为对他们而言，八年只是很短的一段时间。
They dismissed that they had been lost, because to them, eight years was just a minute.
⑥直到现在这件事还一直激起人们的兴趣，许多人积极投入到该事件的研究中去。
Up to now, the event has intrigued people's interest, and many people have thrown themselves into the study of the event.
2. 升级平淡句
(1)用非限制性定语从句改写句②
In 1981, a boat with six people suddenly disappeared when passing the Bermuda Triangle, which made other sailors shrink on mentioning this place.
(2)用with复合结构改写句④
The shipwreck appeared again eight years later in the same spot, with all the six people still alive on board.
3. 衔接成美文
There exist many mysterious events in Bermuda Triangle, which is considered to be one of the most unknown places in the world. In 1981, a boat with six people suddenly disappeared when passing the Bermuda Triangle, which made other sailors shrink on mentioning this place. The incident cast a shadow over other sea voyages. Surprisingly, the shipwreck appeared again eight years later in the same spot, with all the six people still alive on board. They dismissed that they had been lost, because to them, eight years was just a minute. Up to now, the event has intrigued people's interest, and many people have thrown themselves into the study of the event.
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