外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读选择性必修第2册Unit 5 A delicate world课时学案
展开三言 | 两语 |
1. Some species are dying out, resulting in more and more problems. 2. So well are these animals protected that their number is increasing. 3. With the number of cars increasing fast in our city, our environment is getting increasingly worse. | 1. 当谈论如何改善这一地区的环境时，一些专家建议种植树木。 When talking about how to improve the environment in this area, some experts suggest planting trees. 2. 当地政府已经采用了一系列措施来保护这种动物不受到人类的攻击。 The local government has adopted a series of measures to protect this kind of animal from being attacked by humans. |
核心单词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. habitat n. 栖息地 2. subsequently adv. 后来，随后 3. appetite n. 胃口，食欲 4. multiply v. (使)大大增加，(使)倍增 5. conservation n. 保护 6. decrease v. (使)变小，(使)减少 7. trap n. 夹子，陷阱 8. collapse v. 倒坍；塌下 9. incident n. 事件 10. intervention n. 干预，介入 11. visual adj. 视觉的 12. session n. 一段时间 13. greeting n. 问候，招呼 14. departure n. 离开 15. apparently adv. 据说；看来，似乎 |
核心单词 | [语境运用]根据汉语提示写出单词 1. (2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites (胃口，食欲) you really need to avoid. 2. It is obvious that Jack Ma has multiplied (大大增加) his fortune many times. 3. The number of people who are infected with the disease has decreased (减少) greatly. 4. The local farmers told us that those traps (夹子) were intended for the mice. 5. The bridge which was built last year collapsed (倒坍) in the flood and ten people were killed in the accident. 6. The government's intervention (介入) in this dispute will not help. 7. Helen's sudden departure (离开) meant I had to do her job as well as mine. 8. Conservation (保护) of water is of great importance. |
拓展单词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. dramatically adv. 显著地；戏剧性地→dramatic adj. 引人注目的；戏剧的；急剧的→drama n. 戏剧，电视剧，广播剧，戏剧表演；戏剧性 2. explode v. 突然增加→explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增→explosive adj. 爆炸(式)的，爆发的 3. ecology n. 生态；生态学→ecological adj. 生态的→ecologically adv. 从生态(学)方面→ecologist n. 生态学家 4. comparison n. 比较→compare v. 比较，对比→comparable adj. 可相比的；同等的→comparative adj. 相对的 5. rare adj. 稀有的，罕见的→rarely adv. 很少，难得 6. biological adj. 生物的，与生物有关的→biology n. 生物学→biologist n. 生物学家 7. secure adj. 稳固的；安全的，可靠的 v. 获得；拴牢；保护→security n. 安全；保护，保障 |
拓展单词 | [语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The drama has an interesting plot and a dramatic ending.(drama) 2. Two bombs exploded in the centre of our city and the explosion caused seven deaths.(explode) 3. Biologists say biology is an interesting subject.(biology) |
阅读单词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. heritage n. 遗产；传统 2. inhabitant n. 栖居的动物 3. penguin n. 企鹅 4. rat n. 大老鼠 5. vegetation n. 植物，草木(总称) 6. erosion n. 侵蚀 7. parakeet n. 长尾(小)鹦鹉 8. chaos n. 大混乱；紊乱 9. immunity n. 免疫力 10. substantial adj. 大量的，多的 11. postscript n. 附言 12. dissolve v. (使)溶解 13. worm n. 蠕虫；(昆虫的)幼虫 14. herbal adj. 用香(药)草制成的 15. status n. 地位；身份 16. prosper v. 兴旺，发达 17. altitude n. 海拔(高度) 18. thrive v. 茁壮成长 19. fossil n. 化石 20. floral adj. 花的 21. vertebrate n. 脊椎动物 22. beehive n. 蜂房，蜂箱 23. invasion n. 涌入 24. coexist v. 共存，共处 |
熟词生义 | 1. (2019·北京卷)Moore and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner.(经过努力)获得 2. Some people feel that marriage is a trap.牢笼；困境 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. thanks to幸亏；由于 2. participate in参加，参与 3. in harmony with与……协调一致 4. regard... as... 把……当……看待 5. come up with提出；想出 6. die out 灭绝 7. out of control 失控 8. on behalf of 代表 9. in return 作为回报 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. The doctor has given me so much help that I really want to do something for him in return. 2. If we don't take steps, the antelopes and pandas will die out one day. 3. On behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. 4. It is said that the bus went out of control and ran into a truck. [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 Thanks 1. to the freshman reception, they become good friends by accident. They often come up 2. with similar ideas and participate 3. in the same activities. They both believe that hard work leads to success, and regard it 4. as their motto. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. do you think用作插入语 What do you think a later satellite image would show？ | 你认为是什么导致了这种疾病的广泛传播？ What do you think led to the wide spread of the disease？ |
2. 含有without的含蓄虚拟条件句 Without bees, crops would die out. | 如果没有得到治疗，这个病人就不会很快康复了。 Without being treated, the patient would not have recovered quickly. |
3. nor/neither＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语 Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. | 他不喜欢这个导演，也不喜欢这个导演拍摄的电影。 He doesn't like this director, nor does he like his films. |
1. decrease v. (使)变小，(使)减少 n. 减少，降低；减少量
(1)decrease in... 在……(方面)降低/减少
decrease to... 减少到……
decrease by 减少了……
decrease from... to... 从……减少/降低到……
(2)on the decrease正在减少
[词块]
decrease water and soil loss 减少水土流失
a decrease in imports 进口量减少
——单句语法填空
①After taking the medicine, his temperature decreased from 40 ℃ to 36.8 ℃.
②We have no idea when the price of housing decreases to the level we can afford.
——完成句子
③The charge for transportation is decreasing/is on the decrease because of lower fuel costs.
由于更低的燃料花费，运输费用在降低。
2. trap n. 夹子，陷阱 v. 储存；留存；设陷阱捕捉；使陷入困境
(1)be/get trapped in被困在……
trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事
(2)fall into/be caught in a trap掉进陷阱，落入圈套
set/lay a trap for为……设圈套
[联想]表示“被困在……中”的其他短语：
①be/get caught in
②be/get stuck in
③be/get blocked in
[词块]
be trapped in the burning house被困在着火的房子里
be trapped into accepting the terms of the contract
被诱骗接受这份合同的条款
walk into the trap laid for him走进为他设的陷阱
——单句语法填空
①(北京卷)Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped (trap) in powerless highrise buildings.
②The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.
③Don't fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.
——一句多译
因为被困在了电梯里，他上学迟到了。
④Because he was trapped in the lift, he was late for school.(状语从句)
⑤Trapped in the lift, he was late for school.(分词短语作状语)
3. owe v. 应该做；对……负有……的义务；欠；归功于
(1)owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物
owe sth. to 把……归功于，为……而感谢
owe it to sb. that... 多亏了某人……
(2)owing to 因为，由于
如果owe的宾语是从句，应使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的从句放在后面。
[词块]
owe you an apology 应向你道歉
owe his success to his teacher's encouragement 把他的成功归功于老师的鼓励
——单句语法填空
①When asked of his success, he said he owed much of his success to his family.
②Owing (owe) to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.
③I owed it to you that I finished my work in time.
——句式升级
(普通表达)Because of her assistance, we succeeded in starting the engine.
④(高级表达)Owing to her assistance, we succeeded in starting the engine.(分词短语作状语)
⑤(高级表达)It was owing to her assistance that we succeeded in starting the engine.(强调句型)
4. comparison n. 比较，对照；比喻
(1)in comparison with 与……相比
by comparison 相比而言
(2)compare v. 比较，对照；比喻
compare... with/to... 把……和……相比较
compare... to... 把……比作……
compared to/with... 与……相比(通常作状语)
(3)compare n. 比较，对照
beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双
[词块]
not compare your strength with others' weakness 不要拿你的强项和别人的弱项相比
compare notes with your classmates frequently 经常与你的同学们交换意见
promise you a wedding beyond/without compare 答应给你举办一场无与伦比的婚礼
——单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)It is said that about 20% of 2534yearolds live with their parents, compared (compare) with 16% in 1991.
②When comparing (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
③A teacher is often compared to a candle.That's because their devotion to work is beyond/without compare.
——一句多译
和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是一座宫殿。
④Compared with/to our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace.(compare)
⑤In comparison with our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace.(comparison)
5. die out 灭绝，灭亡；逐渐消失
(1)die away (声音、光线等)逐渐消失
die of 因……而死(内因)
die from 因……而死(外因)
die down 减弱，平息
(2)be dying for 很想要，渴望
be dying to do sth. 极想做某事
——单句语法填空
①In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750，000 people died of hunger.
②Although the wind has died down, the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.
③I am dying to know (know) what happened because it was so strange.
——词汇升级/句式升级
(普通表达)As the living environment becomes worse and worse, many of the earth's species are gradually disappearing.
④(高级表达)With the living environment becoming worse and worse，many of the earth's species are gradually dying out．(with复合结构)
6. nor/neither＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语
(教材原文)Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
他们也不会不去猜想，几千年来，它上面栖居的动物，包括皇家企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹，是如何与它们的自然栖息地和谐共生的。
“nor/neither＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”为倒装句型，意为“……也不这样”，表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。类似的用法还有：
(1)“so it is with...”或“it is the same with...”表示前面出现的两种或几种情况也适合于另一个人或事。
(2)“so＋主语＋助动词/系动词/情态动词”表示说话人同意对方的观点或对前文内容加以强调或肯定，意为“……的确如此”。
(3)“主语＋do＋so”用在上下文中用来避免重复，意为“某人/某物那样做了”。
[金句]Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and nor/neither will Tom.
简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。
——单句语法填空
①(江苏卷)—My room gets very cold at night.
—So does mine.
②—Father, you promised!
—Well, so I did. But it was you who didn't keep your word first.
③He doesn't know Louis' address. Neither/Nor do I.
——句型转换
Tom can speak French and his brother can speak, too.
④→Tom can speak French and so can his brother．
If you don't attend the meeting, I won't, either.
⑤→If you don't attend the meeting, neither will I．
They didn't finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. So it was with us.
⑥→They didn't finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. It was the same with us．
【教师用书独具】
7. apparently adv. 据说；看来，似乎
apparent adj. 显而易见的，显然的，表面上的
It is quite apparent that... 显而易见……
It is apparent from sth. that... 从……可看出……，从……来看……是显而易见的
It is apparent to sb. that... 某人明白……
[词块]
for no apparent reason 不知什么原因
——单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷)I couldn't see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently (apparent) unhurt, and dashed back to me.
②It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
——一句多译
很明显药物对他的疾病起了积极的作用。
③It is apparent that the medicine has a good effect on his disease.(apparent)
④Apparently, the medicine has a good effect on his disease.(apparently)
8. variation n. 差异；变化
(1)vary v. 变化，不同 v. 变更，改变
vary with 随……而变化
vary from 不同于……
vary in 在……方面不同/有差异
vary from... to... 由……到……情况不等
(2)variety n. 变化，多样性；种类
a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的
(3)various adj. 各种各样的，多方面的
[词块]
genetic variation 遗传变异；基因变异
vary from person to person 因人而异
add variety to your child's diet使你孩子的饮食多样化
have various ways to deal with such a situation 有各种各样处理这种情况的方式
——单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷)Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Join us to taste a variety (vary) of fresh local food and drinks.
③(2018·北京卷)Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various (vary)．
④As we can see, the prices of vegetables vary with the season.
——一句多译
(2018·天津卷)除了常规培训外，这个培训日程还包括参加各种各样的活动，例如参加一些全国竞赛。
⑤The training schedule, apart from regular training, includes joining in various activities, such as participating in some national competitions.(various)
⑥The training schedule, apart from regular training, includes joining in a variety of activities, such as participating in some national competitions.(variety)
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. Having been trapped (trap) in traffic, he was late for work.
2. Owing (owe) to reasons known to all, contacts between our two peoples were suspended (中断) for over twenty years.
3. In comparison (compare) with last year, the price of beef has increased.
4. After all, there is probably as much variation (vary) of pronunciation within the two countries as between them.
5. Apparently (apparent), they're intending to put up the price of water.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
6. I never saw him again, nor did I hear from him.
7. He didn't need to keep moving house, as his father had.
8. It was apparent to all that he was guilty.
9. The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.
10. These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.
查缺补漏
11. People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this in turn creates more problems.
12. He thought it no use trying to convince them.
13. Though lacking (lack) in experience, Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.
14. It is believed that elephants are native to Africa and Asia.
15. A good fire is a security (secure) against wild beasts.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
Whales have been facing serious danger for a long time.
First, due 1. to the greenhouse effect, glaciers are melting, and some living creatures in the Antarctic and the Arctic 2. are (be) on the edge of extinction. With global warming, life in other parts of the ocean has also been seriously affected, whales 3. included (include)．
Secondly, whaling activity is another killer. Historically, whaling has been popular in some overseas countries, such as England, Japan and Norway. On the one hand, some people's desire for money can't 4. be met (meet) easily, and they regard whales as a moneymaking machine. A kilogram of whale meat can fetch about $100 in Japan. On 5. the other hand, advanced technology has increased the efficiency of whaling and 6. greatly (great) reduced the number of whales. What's more, some countries are still on whaling in the name of science, 7. seeming (seem) curious about this creature.
The fact 8. that whales are on the edge of extinction is alarming us. Some 9. organisations (organise) have begun working hard to save them. The international community has made a strategy against commercial whaling. In my opinion, governments should also make tough laws 10. to protect (protect) whales.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇或句式)
①许多野生动物因为受到人类活动的严重影响，因此它们正濒临灭绝。
Many wild animals are seriously affected by human activities, so they are dying out．
②我们很担心这种情况，于是提出如下建议。
We are so concerned about the situation that we come up with the following suggestions.
③建立更多保护区是值得的，在保护区，野生动物可以受到很好的保护。
More conservation areas are well worth setting up, where wild animals can be well protected.
④采取措施监测野生动物的栖息地也是不错的办法，只有那样我们才能更好地照管它们。
It's also a good thing to take measures to monitor the habitats of wild animals, and we can take better care of them only in that way.
⑤我们应该让每个人都参与到保护动物的活动中来。
We should let everyone participate in the activities of protecting animals.
⑥我们希望人类与自然能和谐共处。
We are hopeful that human beings can live in harmony with nature.
2. 升级平淡句
(1)用分词作状语改写句①
Seriously affected by human activities, many wild animals are dying out.
(2)用部分倒装改写句④and之后的部分
It's also a good thing to take measures to monitor the habitats of wild animals, and only in that way can we take better care of them.
3. 衔接成美文
Seriously affected by human activities, many wild animals are dying out. We are so concerned about the situation that we come up with the following suggestions. To begin with, more conservation areas are well worth setting up, where wild animals can be well protected. Meanwhile it's also a good thing to take measures to monitor the habitats of wild animals, and only in that way can we take better care of them. More importantly, we should let everyone participate in the activities of protecting animals. We are hopeful that human beings can live in harmony with nature.
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