外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读必修第3册Unit 2 Making a difference课时学案

1. effective adj. 有效的，产生预期效果的

(1)take effective steps采取有效措施

(2)effect n. 影响；结果；效力

have an effect on/upon对……有影响

bring/carry/put... into effect实施； 使生效

come/go into effect开始生效； 开始实施

take effect 生效；开始实施

(3)effectively adv. 实际上；有效地

(4)effectiveness n. 有效性；效力

(5)affect v. 影响；打动

[词块]

cause and effect 因果

side effect 副作用

have a great effect on hundreds of plants around the world 对世界上数百种植物物种产生重大影响

——单句语法填空

①(全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects (effect) such as overweight and heart disease.

②The new law will come into effect in 2022; surely it will have an effect on the industry of the country.

③It won't be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must make every effort to do it.

④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it is more effective (effect) at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.

——词汇升级/句式升级

(普通表达)Smoking is bad for your health, so you'd better give it up.

⑤(高级表达)Smoking affects/has a bad effect on your health, so you'd better give it up.

⑥(高级表达)You'd better give up smoking, which affects/has a bad effect on your health．(非限制性定语从句)

2. hesitate v. 迟疑，犹豫

(1)hesitate about/over (doing) sth. 做某事犹豫不决

hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事

(2)hesitation n. 犹豫，迟疑；不情愿

without hesitation 毫不犹豫地

(3)hesitant adj. 犹豫的，迟疑的

(4)hesitantly adv. 犹豫地，迟疑地

[词块]

accept the job without hesitation毫不犹豫地接受了这份工作

——单句语法填空

①He was still hesitating about/over whether to apologise to her or not.

②(2019·北京卷)If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates to buy (buy) them a meal.

③Please have no hesitation (hesitate) in writing to me if you want me to do something for you in China.

——一句多译

如果你有问题，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。

④If you have questions, don't hesitate to ask us for help．(hesitate)

⑤If you have questions, do ask us for help without hesitation．(hesitation)

3. make a difference 有影响，起作用

(1)make a difference to/in 对……有作用/有影响

make some/no/little difference (to/in...)(对……)有/没有/几乎没有作用或影响

(2)tell the difference (between... and...)辨别/区分(……与……)

——单句语法填空

①(北京卷)Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference (differ) in the world.

②The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference between them.

——词汇升级

(普通表达)I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviours will work.

③(高级表达)I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviours will make a difference．

4. so... that... 句型

(教材原文)And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?

为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病了？

常见用法：

(1)so＋that­clause

(2)such＋that­clause

So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.

光速如此之快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。

[金句]She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.

她在拐弯处开得如此之快，以至于汽车差点偏离车道。

——单句语法填空

①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.

②The Great Wall is so well­known a tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.

③The Great Wall is such a well­known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.

④There is so little rain this summer here that we have to water the vegetable garden.

⑤They are such little trees that there are so few apples on them.

——句式升级

(普通表达)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The newly­built stadium is so big that it can hold all the teachers and students in our school.

⑥(高级表达)So big is the newly­built stadium that it can hold all the teachers and students in our school.(倒装)

用所给词的正确形式填空

1. As pastoral poets, both Meng Haoran and Wang Wei made great contributions (contribute) to the Chinese classical poetry.

2. The new rules will become effective (effect) in next few days.

3. The majority (major) of people own a dog for companionship.

4. After a week's treatment (treat), the football player recovered from his injury.

5. On arriving (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him.

在空白处填入一个适当的词

6. We spent several hours bringing the fire under control.

7. So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.

8. The parents broke into a smile when they heard their son had passed the exam.

9. This school was set up in 1978 so it has a history of more than 40 years.

10. Seeing the manager come in, the staff rose to their feet.

查缺补漏

11. You should assist your mother with the housework. She is too tired.

12. We just stay here temporarily (temporary). Tomorrow we will move to a new house.

13. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your achievements (achieve) and accomplishments.

14. She gave up playing the piano because she did not have much talent for music.

15. There has still been no confirmation (confirm) of the report.

【教师用书独具】

单元话题语篇练

Cholera was a deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure 1. was understood (understand). So thousands of 2. terrified (terrify) people died when there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to solve 3. the problem. He knew that cholera would not be controlled 4. until its cause was found.

He became interested in two theories 5. that/which possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera 6. multiplied (multiply) in the air. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease 7. into their bodies with their meals.

John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct, but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready 8. to begin (begin) his enquiry. With all the evidence he gathered, John Snow was able to announce with 9. certainty (certain) that polluted water carried the virus. 10. Finally (final) “King Cholera” was defeated.

单元话题写作练

1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)

①居里夫人是世界著名的女科学家，1867年出生于波兰的一个教师家庭，1934年去世。

Madame Curie is a world­famous woman scientist, and she was born in a teacher's family in Poland in 1867 and passed away in 1934.

②她从小就热爱学习，希望为国家做出贡献。

From her early childhood, she loved to study and hoped to make great contributions to the country.

③24岁时，她去了巴黎，进入了巴黎大学。

At 24 she left for Paris and entered Paris University.

④在那里，她过着非常简单的生活，从未停止努力，并表现出极大的毅力。

In Paris University, she lived a very simple life and never stopped trying and showed great perseverance．

⑤居里夫人毕生致力于科学研究，并取得了巨大成就。

Madame Curie devoted her whole life to the study of science and made great achievements．

⑥一个女人要在工作上取得成功并不容易。

A woman is not easy to succeed in her work.

⑦对于一位女士来说，一生获得两次诺贝尔奖更加困难。

It's even more difficult for a woman to win the Nobel Prize twice in her life.

⑧作为一位伟大的女性，居里夫人将被永远铭记。

Madame Curie will always be remembered as a great woman.

2. 升级平淡句

(1)将句①改为含有who引导的定语从句的主从复合句

Madame Curie is a world­famous woman scientist who was born in a teacher's family in Poland in 1867 and passed away in 1934.

(2)将句③④合并为含有where引导的非限制性定语从句的主从复合句

At 24 she left for Paris and entered Paris University, where she lived a very simple life and never stopped trying and showed great perseverance.

(3)将句⑥改为it作形式主语的句子

It is not easy for a woman to succeed in her work.

3. 衔接成美文

Madame Curie is a world­famous woman scientist who was born in a teacher's family in Poland in 1867 and passed away in 1934.

From her early childhood, she loved to study and hoped to make great contributions to the country. At 24 she left for Paris and entered Paris University, where she lived a very simple life and never stopped trying and showed great perseverance.

Madame Curie devoted her whole life to the study of science and made great achievements. Actually, It is not easy for a woman to succeed in her work. It is even more difficult for a woman to win the Nobel Prize twice in her life. So Madame Curie will always be remembered as a great woman.