2022上海十六区高三英语二模汇编 —阅读AB篇（答案解析版）

这是一份2022上海十六区高三英语二模汇编 —阅读AB篇（答案解析版），共72页。试卷主要包含了宝山区，98，奉贤区等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022上海高三英语二模阅读AB篇汇编

1.宝山区
(A)
Israeli company Watergen has produced an appliance that generates clean, drinkable water out of air. The device called GENNY is small enough to be used in a home or office but can generate up to 30 liters of water a day.
The water that GENNY produces is not only clean enough to drink, it's also often cleaner than tap water.
GENNY takes air in and passes it through a filter to remove dust and dirt. The filter is powerful enough to work even in areas with high air pollution. The air then passes through a chamber where heating and cooling cause water vapor in the air to condense (凝结). This water is then passed through several more filters and minerals are added to make it healthier and taste better. Finally, the water is stored in a tank where it is continually circulated to keep it fresh.
A larger model, called the GEN-350, can produce up to 900 liters of water per day. The GEN-350 is now being used in hospitals that previously did not have a reliable source of fresh, clean water. Watergen has also developed an emergency response vehicle (ERV) that can carry a GEN-350 unit wherever it is needed. In addition to the GEN-350, the ERV carries a portable generator that supplies electricity for the GEN-350.
Watergen's ERV is designed to bring water to people who are suffering from the effects of a serious earthquake, fire, flood or other situation. Once such incident occurred in Northern California in 2018. A fire started at a camp site and spread quickly over a wide area, destroying many thousands of acres of trees and many homes. The town of Paradise, California, was hit particularly hard. One of Watergen's ERVs was driven to Paradise, where it provided water for its citizens and rescue workers.
56. What does the article point out about Watergen's devices?
A. They're manufactured in numerous countries.
B. They're very difficult to operate sometimes.
C. They cost less than they did years ago.
D. They're available in different sizes.
57. What does GENNY accomplish by adding ingredients to the water?
A. It satisfies local water regulations.
B. It improves the flavor of the water.
C. It prepares the water for shipment abroad.
D. It keeps the water at the right temperature.
58. According to the article, what happens inside GENNY'S tank?
A. The water is transferred to plastic bottles.
B. The bacteria in the water are destroyed.
C. The quality of the water is carefully tested.
D. The water is kept moving at all times.
59. What can Watergen do using its ERV?
A. Respond to natural disasters.
B. Put its competitors out of business.
C. Increase its profit margins.
D. Deal with customers' complaints.
【答案】56. D 57. B 58. D 59. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以色列Watergen公司生产了一种可以从空气中产生清洁饮用水的设备。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The device called GENNY is small enough to be used in a home or office but can generate up to 30 liters of water a day.”（这种叫做GENNY的设备很小，可以在家里或办公室使用，但每天可以产生多达30升的水。）根据第三段“A larger model, called the GEN-350, can produce up to 900 liters of water per day. ”（一个更大的型号，称为GEN-350，每天可以生产900升水）可知Watergen's devices有不同的尺寸。故选D项。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This water is then passed through several more filters and minerals are added to make it healthier and taste better.”（然后，这些水会通过多个过滤器，并添加矿物质，使其更健康，味道更好。）可知它通过向水中添加配料来改善水的味道。故选B项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Finally, the water is stored in a tank where it is continually circulated to keep it fresh.”（最后，水被储存在水箱中，在水箱中不断循环以保持新鲜。）可知水一直在流动。故选D项。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Watergen's ERV is designed to bring water to people who are suffering from the effects of a serious earthquake, fire, flood or other situation.”（Watergen的ERV旨在为遭受严重地震、火灾、洪水或其他情况影响的人们供水。）可知利用ERV应对自然灾害。故选A项。
(B)

Have you ever tried an escape room? I first experienced one in Montana, U.S.A. with my wife, Pauline. We went to one to celebrate her father’s birthday. Her entire family loves games and puzzles, so trying an escape room was a perfect activity for us. The room’s theme was “the missing scientist.” We played the role of investigating detectives. We entered the room and discovered we were “trapped.” We then had only 60 minutes to escape before the room “exploded.”
We had to search every corner of the room for clues in order to get out. As we did, we solved simple calculations, unscrambled codes and found keys to secret boxes. Getting one clue involved running balls through a maze. That took some skill! Together we solved every puzzle and escaped with just a few minutes to spare.
Pauline and I now live in Taipei. We tried our first escape room here over a year ago. It was such an amazing experience that we did two more almost immediately afterward. We have become completely hooked on Taipei’s escape rooms.
Escape rooms in Taipei are well designed. Inside one, you feel as if you had just stepped into a story. It could be a thriller, a legend or something from sci-fi. Tricks and technology complete the illusion created by the room’s theme. And there’s always a variety of engaging puzzles.
Different companies offer a number of rooms to try. Some are suitable for just a few friends while others are big and require a large group of people to solve. But be warned: Some escape rooms are extraordinary because they are intense. We learned that the hard way when we invited a large group of friends to one. Some of them had never tried an escape room before. They were a little nervous, but we assured them that escape rooms are relaxing and fun. “They aren’t scary or too high pressure,” we said. Well, we were wrong. It turns out some are a bit over the top, but we enjoyed that, too! There is nothing like the feeling of solving problems as a team.
60. What was the purpose of the writer and his wife entering the room in Montana for the first time?
A. To take part in an activity. B. To investigate a case of a missing scientist.
C. To prove their ability. D. To celebrate his father-in-law’s birthday.
61. Specifically, how many times had the writer and his wife experienced escape rooms mentioned in the passage?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
62. What does the word “They” in bold in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. The writer’s friends. B. The companies.
C. Escape rooms. D. The problems.
【答案】60. D 61. D 62. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者玩密室逃脱的一些经历，对此很痴迷，并从中感受到了团队一起来解决问题的乐趣。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever tried an escape room? I first experienced one in Montana, U.S.A. with my wife, Pauline. We went to one to celebrate her father’s birthday.(你玩过密室逃脱游戏吗?我第一次玩密室逃脱是和我的老婆波琳在美国蒙大拿州玩的。我们去玩是为了庆祝她父亲的生日。)”可知，作者和他老婆去玩密室逃脱就是为庆祝他岳父的生日。故选D项。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“I first experienced one in Montana, U.S.A. with my wife, Pauline.(我第一次玩密室逃脱是和我的老婆波琳在美国蒙大拿州玩的。)”以及第三段的“Pauline and I now live in Taipei. We tried our first escape room here over a year ago. It was such an amazing experience that we did two more almost immediately afterward.(波琳和我现在生活在台北。一年前我们在这里玩了我们的第一次密室逃脱游戏。这是一次如此奇妙的经历以至于之后我们又玩了两次。)”可知，作者在美国玩了1次，然后在台北玩了3次，因此总共玩了4次。故选D。
【62题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Some of them had never tried an escape room before. They were a little nervous, but we assured them that escape rooms are relaxing and fun.(他们当中有一些从来没有玩过密室逃脱。他们有点紧张，但是我们向他们保证密室脱逃让人放松且有趣。)”可知，我的一些朋友害怕玩密室逃脱，因此作者试图说服他们放宽心去玩，密室逃脱一点都不可怕。所以“They”指的是“密室逃脱”。故选C项。

2.崇明区

(A)
United States government health officials are moving forward with a plan designed to keep electronic cigarettes out of the hands of young people. The plan would restrict sales of most flavored e-cigarettes at drug stores, gasoline stations and other businesses that sell them.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, first proposed the new rules last November. They are the latest government effort to fight what health officials call an epidemic (泛滥) of young people using the devices.
Last week, the FDA announced that e-cigarette makers would need to restrict sales of most flavored products. Sales would be limited to stores that ask people for their age upon entry or have a separate, age-restricted area for vaping products or e-cigarettes. Companies would also be expected to use outside identity-confirmation technology for sales involving the internet.
The FDA will also work to remove vaping products that clearly appeal to children. Companies that do not follow the new requirements risk having their products pulled from the U.S. market, the FDA said. The restrictions will not include three flavors that the FDA says appeal more to adults than teenagers.
Anti-smoking activists have questioned whether the new FDA restrictions will be enough to stop the rise in teenage vaping. The FDA has little power over how stores sell vaping products. Instead, critics say the agency is largely telling companies to self-police.
Erika Sward is with the American Lung Association, which has called on the FDA to remove all flavored e-cigarettes from the market. Sward said the FDA’s decision to leave out three flavors is a mistake. Studies show those flavors are used by nearly half of teenagers who vape.
The new rules are expected to heavily affect small businesses. Groups representing those stores have fought against the plan since it was first proposed last November. The restrictions are expected to have less of an effect on vape specialty shops. That is because many of them already require store workers to ask people for identity documents.
56. Why did FDA propose the new rules?
A. To prevent teenagers vaping. B. To stop stores selling e-cigarettes.
C. To reduce vape specialty shops. D. To limit the flavors of e-cigarettes.
57. According to the new rules, most flavored e-cigarettes are limited to stores that ________ .
A. have a separate area for teenagers B. impose restrictions on maximum purchases
C. follow age control requirements D. involve both offline and online sales
58. What is anti-smoking activists’ attitude towards the new rules?
A. Optimistic. B. Suspicious.
C. Curious. D. Uninterested.
59. What can be learned about the new rules proposed by FDA?
A. Small businesses disapprove of them.
B. Companies failing to obey them will be fined.
C. They ban some companies from producing e-cigarettes.
D. They remove three flavored e-cigarettes from the market.
【答案】56. A 57. C 58. B 59. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国食品和药物管理局去年11月提出了新规定，让电子烟远离年轻人。但是一些反吸烟活动人士质疑FDA的新限制是否足以阻止青少年吸电子烟的增加，并且小企业也一直反对这项新规定。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“They are the latest government effort to fight what health officials call an epidemic of young people using the devices.(这是政府为应对卫生官员所说的年轻人大量使用电子设备的现象所做的最新努力。)”可知政府提出这项规定是应对年轻人大量使用电子香烟的现象。A选项“To prevent teenagers vaping(防止青少年吸电子烟)”符合句意。故选A项。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Sales would be limited to stores that ask people for their age upon entry or have a separate, age-restricted area for vaping products or e-cigarettes.(电子烟的销售将仅限于在入店时询问顾客年龄，或有单独的年龄限制区出售电子烟产品或电子烟的商店。)”可知电子烟的销售要询问顾客年龄，或有单独的年龄限制区出售电子烟产品或电子烟的商店。C选项“follow age control requirements (遵循年龄控制要求)”符合句意。故选C项。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段“Anti-smoking activists have questioned whether the new FDA restrictions will be enough to stop the rise in teenage vaping.(反吸烟活动人士质疑FDA的新限制是否足以阻止青少年吸电子烟的增加。)”可知反吸烟活动人士是质疑这项新规定的。B选项“Suspicious (怀疑的)”符合文意。故选B项。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“The new rules are expected to heavily affect small businesses. Groups representing those stores have fought against the plan since it was first proposed last November.(新规定预计将严重影响小企业。自去年11月该计划首次提出以来，代表这些商店的团体一直反对该计划。)”可知新规定预计将严重影响小企业，代表这些商店的团体一直反对该计划。A选项“Small businesses disapprove of them (小企业不赞成他们)”符合文意。故选A项。
(B)

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60. Lively Mobile Plus mainly aims at providing _____.
A. emergency medical help B. connection with loved people
C. online safety consultation D. round-the-clock health management
61. Which of the following is one of the features of Lively Mobile Plus?
A. It can locate the user precisely.
B. It can prevent the user from falling.
C. It can charge itself whenever necessary.
D. It can connect the user to the appointed doctor.
62. If you want to buy a Lively Mobile Plus with the extra service of fall detection, you need to pay at least ________ for the first month.
A. $29.99. B. $39.99.
C. $64.98. D. $89.98.
【答案】60. A 61. A 62. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要推广Lively Mobile Plus一种可移动的一体化医疗警报器。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格开头部分“Get help in emergencies big or small.（在大大小小紧急情况下寻求帮助）”以及表格中No base部分中“The Lively Mobile Plus is a truly mobile medical device.（Lively Mobile Plus是一款真正的移动医疗设备）”可知Lively Mobile Plus主要致力于提供紧急医疗帮助。故选A项。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中Enhanced GPS部分中“Lively Mobile Plus has enhanced GPS accuracy, so Agents can confirm your precise location quickly and get you the help you need.（Lively Mobile Plus增强了GPS的准确性，所以代理商可以快速确认您的精确位置，并得到您需要的帮助）”可知Lively Mobile Plus的功能之一是它可以精确地定位用户。故选A项。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“Add the services that are right for you with a Lively Health & Safety Package.（用活泼的健康与安全套装添加适合您的服务）”中的Ultimate Package部分可知增加带有额外跌倒检测服务需支付$39.99，再加上机器本省的价格$49.99，所以一共需支付$89.98。故选D项。

3.奉贤区

(A)
Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of American’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Rather than toss your empty chip bags into the trash donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.
Chip eaters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they sanitize the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use padding and liners from old coats to line the insides.
It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around,” Oleita told the Detroit News.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita — whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life — and her fellow volunteers. “They are dedicated to making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” she says.
And, of course, there’s the symbolism of salvaging bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita told the media: “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”
56. What does the Chip Bag Project call on people to do?
A. To throw empty chip bags into dustbins
B. To bring empty chip bags to appointed locations
C. To donate them to those homeless
D. To sanitize empty chip bags for recycle
57. The underlined word “line” in the 2nd paragraph probably means _________?
A. charge B. protect C. load D. fill
58. What is the motivation of Oleita to carry out the Chip Bag Project?
A. To lead a better life with her immigrated family in U.S.A
B. To launch a charity project with other volunteers in school time.
C. To make a difference both socially and environmentally.
D. To help those homeless by giving them handmade sleeping bags.
59. According to the passage, what is Oleita like?
A. adaptable and extroverted
B. creative and warm-hearted
C. aggressive and capable
D. modest and generous
【答案】56. C 57. D 58. C 59. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了奥利塔创建的Chip Bag Project，通过回收空薯片袋制作睡袋，然后捐赠给无家可归的人，通过这种方式对社会和环境产生影响。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Rather than toss your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless”（与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋）可知，“薯片袋计划”呼吁人们把空薯片袋捐给那些无家可归的人。故选C项。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段关键句“Rather than toss your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.”（与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠给她，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。）可知，奥利塔想用空薯片袋制作睡袋；根据画线单词所在句上句“After they sanitize the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together.”（在用肥皂热水清洗薯片袋后，他们将其切开，平放，然后将其熨在一起。）可知，要想制作睡袋，要将薯片袋切开，平放，然后将其熨在一起，由此可知，最后一个步骤是使用旧外套的衬垫和衬里来填充内部，这样才能做出睡袋，“fill”意为“填充”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选D项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“But that’s only half the goal for Oleita—whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life—and her fellow volunteers. “They are dedicated to making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” she says.”（但这仅仅是奥利塔——她的家人十年前从尼日利亚搬到美国，希望能过上更好的生活——和她的志愿者同伴的目标的一半。“他们不仅致力于对社会产生影响，而且致力于对环境产生影响，”她说。）可知，奥利塔和她的志愿者同伴的目标是对社会和环境产生影响，由此可知，奥利塔实施Chip Bag Project的动机是对社会和环境产生影响。故选C项。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Rather than toss your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.”（与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠给她，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。）和倒数第二段关键句“Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.”（自2020年启动以来，Chip Bag Project已收集了80多万个薯片袋，截至去年12月，已创造了110个睡袋。）可知，奥利塔能够想到用空薯片袋制作睡袋，说明她是一个有创造力的人，她把薯片袋捐赠给无家可归的人，截至去年12月，已捐赠了110个睡袋，由此可知，她是个热心的人，综上所述，奥利塔是有创造力的和热心的人。故选B项。
（B）

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A. Siri B. Large Screen
C. Safety Services D. Health Services
61. If you want to apply for the service of Unlimited Talk and Text, what is the minimum fee you need to pay every month?
A. $17.48 B. $19.99 C. $22.48 D. $19.97
62. Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A. You can keep your original phone number when you switch to Jitterbug Smart3.
B. You don’t need to sign a long-term contract with Lively when you take Jitterbug Smart 3.
C. Up to $500 savings you might save per year with lowest Lively data plans.
D. Government taxes are not excluded in the monthly fees.
【答案】60. A 61. C 62. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇广告，主要介绍的是智能手机Jitterbug Smart3。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Jitterbug Smart3 is our simplest smartphone with a simple menu, large screen and exclusive health and safety services.(Jitterbug Smart3是我们最简单的智能手机，有简单的菜单，大屏幕和独家的健康和安全服务。)”可知，Jitterbug Smart 3在广告中没有提到的功能是Siri，故选A。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据广告中的“$19.99/mo. Unlimited Talk & Text(无限通话和短信每个月19.99美元)”，“Data plans as low as $2.49/mo(数据套餐最低为每月2.49美元)”和“A data plan is required for the Jitterbug Smart3.(Jitterbug Smart3需要数据套餐。)”可知，如你想申请“无限通话及文字”服务，每月最少须缴付的费用是$19.99+$2.49=$22.48，故选C。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据广告中的“Monthly fees do not include government taxes or assessment surcharges and are subject to change.(每月收费不包括政府税或评估附加费，并可能会更改。)”可知，政府税不包括在每月的收费中，因此D选项是错误的，故选D。

4.虹口区
(A)
Whether it’s doing the washing up or filing a tax return, unfortunately, in life there are a range of dull but important tasks that we just have to get done. And in these modern times making sure that your most important files are backed up (备份) can be added to this list. Hard disks fail, phones fall out of our pockets, and tablets are beaten up by grandchildren. This is why it is important to think carefully about your back-up strategy. You don’t want to lose a lifetime of family photos just because your laptop had an unfortunate encounter with a glass of water.
Unfortunately, there isn’t a single gadget or app that can take care of backing up for you. But what I recommend is that you should aim to have two different sorts of back-up: one online, and one offline.
Having both is a good idea though it may sound extra redundant. You don’t want to entirely rely on the Cloud, just in case you lose access to your account, or if the provider closes down. And you don’t want to rely exclusively on offline storage, say, on a plug-in hard disk stored at the back of a cupboard, because if disaster strikes then your back-up will burn down alongside your computer and the rest of your belongings.
Online back-ups are arguably the easier of the two to sort out. All of the big tech players have online storage you can treat like your own hard disk. All you have to do is download the app for whichever service you want to use to your computer or phone.
Offline storage is slightly trickier. Figuring out what equipment to buy is something you need to figure out for yourself. The most obvious option is to buy a portable USB hard drive. Just plug it into your computer and you can copy important files to it. This is definitely a better approach than doing absolutely nothing.
So, as annoying as it might sound, this is important. Just as you wouldn’t leave your home with a risky boiler or drive a car with faulty brakes. It’s time to do the boring but important thing and spend the money to get your data backed up — before it is too late.
36. In paragraph 1, the author mentions filing a tax return to illustrate that ________.
A. data back-up is even more challenging than tax filing
B. Digital data storage should be considered daily routine
C. keeping family photos in hard disk is part of household jobs
D. backing up important files is a troublesome yet essential task
37. The underlined word “redundant” in paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A. unnecessary B. demanding C. meaningful D. useless
38. Which statement is the author most likely to agree with?
A. It is advisable to keep two copies of data online.
B. There is no once-and-for-all data back-up strategy.
C. Storing data online is not as trustworthy as storing offline.
D. Online data storage runs a risk of a breakdown in digital devices.
39. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Better Late Than Never B. Store Your Data in the Cloud
C. Why Data Back-up Is So Vital? D. Online Back-up vs. Offline Back-up
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍了数据备份的重要性，并提出了线上与离线两种备份策略。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。第一段的第一句“Whether it’s doing the washing up or filing a tax return, unfortunately, in life there are a range of dull but important tasks that we just have to get done.”（不论是洗碗还是报税，不幸的是，生活中我们总有一堆无聊但重要的任务不得不去做。）指出报税属于枯燥而重要的任务；该段第二句“And in these modern times making sure that your most important files are backed up (备份) can be added to this list.”（当今时代，确保备份最重要的文件可以加入这份清单里。）的“this list”指代的是第一句提到的“dull but important tasks”，说明第一段提及报税是为了举例说明备份重要文件是一件像报税那样烦人却又重要的事情。故选D项。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. demanding要求高的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. useless无用的。首先，划线单词所在句的“though”说明“good”和划线单词前后语义相对，说明划线单词是个贬义词。该句是第三段的中心句，第三段分别探讨了只有线上备份和只有离线备份的数据丢失风险情况，由此推知，中心句讲的是线上、离线双备份这种方式看似冗余、不必要，但其实缺少了其中一种，数据丢失的风险都会加大，所以划线单词与A项语义接近。故选A项。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately, there isn’t a single gadget or app that can take care of backing up for you.”（不幸的是，单独的一类工具或应用都是不能给你备份到位的。）可以推知，作者会比较认可B项“没有一劳永逸的数据备份策略”。故选B项。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段提出备份重要数据的重要性；第二、三段提出采取线上、离线双备份策略及理由；第四、五段分别说明线上备份策略和离线备份策略的具体做法；最后一段总结全文，再次强调数据备份的重要性。所以文章主要谈论的是数据备份的重要性及其策略，因此，C项“为什么数据备份如此重要？”最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
(B)
Mars, the distant red planet, carries China’s great dream in spaceflight as well as the numerous puzzles of curious people: Why do humans explore Mars? Will humans really emigrate to Mars? What will the everyday life be like on Mars if humans really live there? Shanghai Astronomy launched its original situational exhibition “Living on Mars” — to reveal the secrets of Mars and solve visitors’ puzzles about the life on Mars.
Time: October 15, 2021 to March 2, 2022 (closed on Mondays, except national holidays)
Location: B1 Temporary Exhibition Hall
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE EXHIBITION
Fully situational display
In the exhibition there are artistic installations and scenes created against Martian landscapes, such as the famous Martian sandstorm, Olympus Mons, and Valles Marineris. Visitors can get a glimpse of the beauty of Mars. The amazing blue sunset on Mars, in particular, is indeed a feast for eyes. The area where a giant astronaut model floating in the air greets visitors has become a popular check-in spot.
Mars Convenience Store
Rows of shelves in the store allow visitors to have a direct knowledge of what animals and plants can live on Mars and even get a receipt with scientific knowledge printed on it. There is also an area of “imported food” in the store where visitors can not only “purchase” the spicy diced chicken with peanuts, chocolate, and ice cream eaten by astronauts but also see the astronauts’ food of different times and packaged in different shapes, such as a toothpaste tube and a can.
Mars Farm
What plants can grow on Mars? Why adopt such a model? The unique “store in the front and farm at the back” model of “Mars Convenience Store” allows visitors to visually see what to eat on Mars and learn how the food is produced.
Housing on Mars
What would the house look like if we live on Mars? How can we get water and oxygen? Why does it take 45 minutes for you to receive an answer to a question you asked when you make a call to Earth from Mars? Come to the Mars Base to find the answers.

40. Which feature of the exhibition appeals most to a visitor who is interested in the astronauts’ diet?
A. Mars Convenience Store. B. Fully situational display.
C. Mars Farm. D. Housing on Mars.
41. Which of the following statements can be concluded from the passage?
A. The exhibition offers visitors an immersive (沉浸式) experience of life in space.
B. The exhibition features a combination of scientific knowledge and artistic display.
C. Visitors can have a taste of humans’ future life on Mars in this permanent exhibition.
D. Visitors can experience life on Mars in the aspect of food, housing and transportation.
42. Where can this passage most probably be found?
A. In a travel brochure. B. In a science magazine.
C. On an art show poster. D. On a museum website.
【答案】40. A 41. B 42. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍上海天文馆原创情景化展览“火星生活”的时间、地点、亮点等参展信息。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Mars Convenience Store”（火星便利店）一栏的“There is also an area of ‘imported food’ in the store where visitors can not only ‘purchase’ the spicy diced chicken with peanuts, chocolate, and ice cream eaten by astronauts but also see the astronauts’ food of different times and packaged in different shapes, such as a toothpaste tube and a can.”（商店里还有一个“进口食品”区域，在那儿游客不仅可以“购买”宇航员吃的带花生、巧克力和冰淇淋的辣鸡丁，还可以看到不同时期的宇航员食品，食品有诸如牙膏管和罐头等不同的包装。）可知，在火星便利店游客们可以看到宇航员在不同时期所食用的食品，即宇航员的日常饮食可以在火星便利店里了解到。故选A项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Fully situational display”（完全情景化展览）一栏的“In the exhibition there are artistic installations and scenes created against Martian landscapes, such as the famous Martian sandstorm, Olympus Mons, and Valles Marineris.”（展览设有以火星景观为背景的艺术性装置和情景，例如众所周知的火星沙尘暴、奥林波斯山和水手峡谷。）可知该展览设有艺术陈列供人欣赏；根据“Mars Convenience Store”（火星便利店）的“Rows of shelves in the store allow visitors to have a direct knowledge of what animals and plants can live on Mars and even get a receipt with scientific knowledge printed on it.”（商店里成列货架上的展示使得游客能够直接了解火星上可以生存的动物和植物，甚至可以得到一张印有科学知识的收据。）可知该展览可以让游客收获科学知识。由此说明“火星生活”展览是艺术展示与科学知识的结合。故选B项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“Shanghai Astronomy launched its original situational exhibition ‘Living on Mars’ — to reveal the secrets of Mars and solve visitors’ puzzles about the life on Mars.”（上海天文馆举行原创情景化展览“火星生活”——揭露火星的秘密，解答关于火星生活的疑惑。）以及后面出现的“Time”“Location”和“HIGHLIGHTS OF THE EXHIBITION”（展览亮点）可知，本文主要介绍的是“火星生活”情景化展览的信息，所以最有可能出现在博物馆的网站上。故选D项。


5黄埔区

(A)
As school starts this fall in Tununak, a tiny Eskimo community of Alaska, Teacher Ben Orr is planning to invite elderly storytellers into the classroom so his young students can learn and then write down traditional legends and knowledge of their disappearing culture. For Donna Maxim’s third-graders in Boothbay, Me. , writing will become a tool in science and social studies as students record observations, questions and reactions about what they discover each day. In Eagle Butte, S.D. , Geri Gutwein has designed a writing project in which her ninth-grade students exchange letters with third-graders about stories they have read. This year a few of her students will sit with Cheyenne women who tell tales as they knit together, their tradition becoming materials for today’s young writers.
Although these teachers are separated by thousands of miles, their methods of encouraging children to write spring from a common source: the Bread Loaf School. There, near Vermont’s Middlebury College, grade school and high school teachers give up part of their vacations each summer to spend six weeks brainstorming, studying and trading experiences as they try to design new methods of getting their pupils to write. Says Dixie Goswami, a professor who heads Bread Loaf’s program in writing: “ We have nothing against ‘ skill-and-drill ’ writing curricula, except that they don’t work. ” Instead, Bread Loaf graduates have created one inventive program to work together to cultivate student writers.
The Bread Loaf literature and writing program began in 1920 as a summer resort where English teachers studied for advanced degrees. Until the late 1970s most were teachers from schools for the upper class. Bread Loaf “ was failing in its social responsibility, ” says Paul Cubeta, a professor who has directed the program since 1965. “ So we went looking in rural America for potential educational leaders. ” Foundation funds were raised to help bear the cost for tuition and board. Over the past ten years nearly 500 rural instructors have studied there.
Many of the new ideas teachers took away from Bread Loaf seemed in danger of fading back home, remembers Cubeta. “ We need to devise a way for them to go back with support for their projects and for each other. ” One result was an idea called BreadNet: by setting up a network of word processors, Bread Loaf-trained teachers could instantly connect their classrooms.
56. Which of the following methods has NOT been taken by teachers according to paragraph 1?
A. Inviting elderly storytellers to communicate with students.
B. Asking students to record about science and social studies.
C. Encouraging students to exchange letters with other graders.
D. Having Cheyenne women teach their knitting skills to students.
57. What do school teachers do in the Bread Loaf School?
A. Organize summer vacations for students in the Bread Loaf School.
B. Spend six weeks brainstorming and discussing their trade experiences.
C. Design new methods to get their students involved in writing.
D. Reject the ‘ skill-and-drill ’ writing curricula and work for inventive programs.
58. What does the word “ BreadNet ” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. A platform to help teachers continue their projects when they are back.
B. A programme to interview Bread Loaf graduates and collect ideas.
C. A students’ organization for those who study in the Bread Loaf School.
D. A website for teachers to process stories written in online classes.
59. What’s the purpose of the Bread Loaf literature and writing program?
A. To help students study English and train for advanced degrees.
B. To promote teachers’ teaching ability to motivate students to write.
C. To look for excellent educational leaders in every part of America.
D. To cover the cost for tuition and board of rural schools with funds.
【答案】56. D 57. C 58. A 59. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了Bread Loaf项目，其目的是通过各种方式不断提高教师的教学能力同时激发学生写作。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Teacher Ben Orr is planning to invite elderly storytellers into the classroom so his young students can learn and then write down traditional legends and knowledge of their disappearing culture.”(本·奥尔老师计划邀请年长的讲故事的人到教室里，这样他的年轻学生们就可以学习并记录下他们正在消失的文化的传统传说和知识。)可知，邀请了老人了老人们到教室里给学生们讲授故事，故A符合；根据“For Donna Maxim’s third-graders in Boothbay, Me. , writing will become a tool in science and social studies as students record observations, questions and reactions about what they discover each day.”(唐娜·马克西姆在缅因州布斯贝的三年级学生。在美国，写作将成为科学和社会研究的一种工具，因为学生们将记录他们每天的观察、问题和对他们发现的反应。)可知，要求学生记录有关科学和社会研究的内容，故B也是被提及的。根据本段中“In Eagle Butte, S.D. , Geri Gutwein has designed a writing project in which her ninth-grade students exchange letters with third-graders about stories they have read.”(在南达科他州的鹰丘（Eagle Butte），格里·古特温（Geri gutwin）设计了一个写作项目，让她的九年级学生与三年级学生就他们读过的故事写信交流。)可知，鼓励学生与其他年级学生交换信件，故C选项也被提及。D项的方法“Having Cheyenne women teach their knitting skills to students.” (让夏安族妇女教学生编织技能。)与文章中的“This year a few of her students will sit with Cheyenne women who tell tales as they knit together, their tradition becoming materials for today’s young writers.”(今年，她的一些学生将与夏安族妇女坐在一起，她们一边讲故事，一边编织在一起，她们的传统成为当今年轻作家的素材。)中的内容不一致。故选D。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There, near Vermont’s Middlebury College, grade school and high school teachers give up part of their vacations each summer to spend six weeks brainstorming, studying and trading experiences as they try to design new methods of getting their pupils to write.”(在那里，靠近佛蒙特州的明德学院，小学和高中老师们每年夏天都会放弃部分假期，花六周时间进行头脑风暴、学习和交换经验，试图设计出让学生们写作的新方法。)可知，该学院的老师们设计新的方法让他们的学生参与写作。故选C。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We need to devise a way for them to go back with support for their projects and for each other. ”(我们需要设计一种方式，让他们回到过去，支持他们的项目，支持彼此。)以及“ by setting up a network of word processors, Bread Loaf-trained teachers could instantly connect their classrooms.”(通过建立一个文字处理网络，接受过“面包网”培训的教师可以立即将他们的教室连接起来。)可知，BreadNet是一个帮助老师们回来后继续进行他们项目的平台。故选A。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Says Dixie Goswami, a professor who heads Bread Loaf’s program in writing: We have nothing against ‘ skill-and-drill ’ writing curricula, except that they don’t work. Instead, Bread Loaf graduates have created one inventive program to work together to cultivate student writers.”(Bread Loaf项目的负责人Dixie Goswami教授说：我们并不反对‘技能加训练’的写作课程，除非它们不起作用。Bread Loaf的毕业生们创造了一个有创意的项目，共同培养学生作家。)可知，Bread Loaf项目的目的的就是通过各种形式提高教师的教学能力，激发学生写作。故选B。
(B)
What are those short metal fences by the side of the road? They don’t look like much. But they do a big job.
People who design highways would always like to have a wide, flat, clear space on either side of the road. That way, if a car goes off the road, it can stop safely.
But in some places, that’s just not possible. That’s when they put up a guardrail. These short railings are designed to stop cars from running into something more dangerous, without damaging the car too much.
The type of guardrail they put up depends on the road. A weaker guardrail may let the car go farther off the road, but does less damage to the car. A strong guardrail stops a car in a short distance, but the car suffers more damage.

Jersey barriers are made of concrete. They are often placed down the center of a road to separate cars going in opposite directions. Jersey barriers are also used around construction zones. They are cheap to make and easy to move around.

A box-beam guardrail looks like a long metal box running between posts. Box-beam guardrails are very strong, but expensive. They are used mostly where it’s important to stop cars quickly. You might see one in the middle of a road to keep cars from going into oncoming traffic.

A strong-post W-beam guardrail has short, thick posts set close together. This common guardrail is used where it’s important to stop a car quickly to save lives, such as where a cliff is right next to the road. It gets its name from the fact that if it’s cut in half, the rail looks like a sideways W.

A weak-post W-beam guardrail has posts that are thinner and farther apart. Why would anyone want to make a guardrail with weak posts? A weak-post guardrail will stop a car more slowly than a strong-post guardrail. The more gradually a car slows down, the less likely its riders will be hurt. A weak-post guardrail can be used where there is more space to slow a car down.

60. According to the passage, what is the main function of guardrails?
A. To stop and protect cars from running in the opposite direction.
B. To set aside a wide, flat, clear space on either side of the road.
C. To help guarantee drivers’ safety when they are riding on the road.
D. To prevent cars from suffering damage when they travel too fast.
61. What can we learn about Jersey barriers and box-beam guardrails?
A. Jersey barriers are made of concrete so they are difficult to move around.
B. Jersey barriers are put at the road center to divide the road into two-way lanes.
C. Box-beam guardrails look like long metal boxes running between opposite cars.
D. Box-beam guardrails are seldom seen to be actually used because of the high cost.
62. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the W-beam guardrails?
A. A strong-post W-beam guardrail has short, thick posts which are set close together.
B. A strong-post W-beam guardrail is often used to save lives by stopping a car quickly.
C. A weak-post guardrail will stop a car gradually to prevent its riders from being hurt.
D. A weak-post guardrail can be used if there is not enough space to slow a car down.
【答案】60. C 61. B 62. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种路边的护栏。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“These short railings are designed to stop cars from running into something more dangerous, without damaging the car too much.(这些短栏杆的设计目的是防止汽车撞上更危险的东西，同时不会对汽车造成太大损害。)”推知，护栏的主要功能是帮助保障司机在路上行驶时的安全。故选C。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jersey barriers部分的“Jersey barriers are made of concrete. They are often placed down the center of a road to separate cars going in opposite directions.(泽西栅栏是由混凝土制成的。它们通常被放置在道路的中心，用来分隔向相反方向行驶的车辆。)”可知，道路中心设置的泽西路障将道路分成双向车道。故选B。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据A strong-post W-beam guardrail部分的“A strong-post W-beam guardrail has short, thick posts set close together. This common guardrail is used where it’s important to stop a car quickly to save lives, such as where a cliff is right next to the road. It gets its name from the fact that if it’s cut in half, the rail looks like a sideways W.(坚固的W型梁护栏由又短又厚的柱子紧密连接而成。这种常见的护栏用于快速停车拯救生命的重要地方，比如公路旁边的悬崖。它的名字来源于这样一个事实：如果把它切成两半，铁轨看起来就像一个横着的W形。)”可知，A，B项都正确，根据A weak-post W-beam guardrail部分的“A weak-post guardrail will stop a car more slowly than a strong-post guardrail. The more gradually a car slows down, the less likely its riders will be hurt.(weak-post护栏比strong-post护栏使汽车停下来的速度要慢得多。汽车减速越慢，乘客受伤的可能性就越小。)”可知，C选项正确。再根据“A weak-post guardrail can be used where there is more space to slow a car down.(在有更多空间让汽车减速的地方，可以使用weak-post guardrail)”可知，weak-post guardrail应该在有足够的空间让车停下的地方使用，故D选项不正确，故选D。

6.嘉定区

(A)
Otters, are cute, this no one can deny. They have big eyes, short and flat noses and claws (爪子) like tiny hands. They look even cuter when they wear hats and throw food balls into their mouths as if they were bar snacks, like Takechiyo, a pet otter in Japan. Documenting Takechiyo’s funny behavior has earned his owner nearly 230,000 followers on Instagram, a photo-sharing app.
Takechiyo’s fame reflects a craze across east and South-East Asia for keeping the cute creatures as pets. Enthusiasts in Japan visit cafés where they pay to hug them; Indonesian owners parade their pets around on leads or go swimming with them, then share their pictures online. But these enjoyable photos mask a trade that is doing a lot of damage. Even before they became fashionable companions for humans, Asia’s wild otters faced plenty of threats. Their habitats are disappearing. They have long been hunted for their coats, or killed by farmers who wish to prevent them consuming fishes. The pet trade, which began picking up in the early 2000s but appeared to speed up a few years ago, has made things worse. The numbers of wild Asian small-clawed otters and smooth-coated otters, two species that are in highest demand, have declined by at least 30% in the three decades to 2019.
The international agreement that governs trade in wildlife, known as CITES, now prohibits cross-border trade in these species. But laws banning ownership are often poorly implemented, as in Thailand, or full of holes, as in Indonesia. And the otter-keeping craze has been dramatically improved by the internet, says Vincent Nijman of Oxford Brookes University. In 2017 TRAFFIC, a British charity that monitors the wildlife trade, spent nearly five months looking at Facebook and other social-media sites in five South-East Asian countries. During that time, it found around1,000 otters advertised for sale online.
In any case, otters do not even make particularly good pets. Every year the Jakarta Animal Aid Network, a charity in Indonesia’s capital, receives some ten otters from people who have struggled to look after them. Faizul Duha, the founder of an Indonesian otter-owners’ group, admits that his two animals emit a “very specific” (read: fishy) smell. They bite humans and chew on furniture. Their scream can be heard blocks away. And their cages need cleaning every two-to-three hours. That is how often they empty their bowels (肠道).
56. The function of the first paragraph is to ________.
A. present the main idea B. introduce the main topic
C. set readers thinking D. illustrate the writer’s point
57. According to the passage, which of the following mainly drives the otter trade?
A. The demand for pet otters. B. The disappearance of otters’ habitats.
C. The popularity of otter coats. D. The decrease of fishes.
58. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. the laws that prohibit cross-border trade are strict in Asia
B. social media plays a significant role in the online otter trade
C. people usually give up otters because they are endangered
D. otters are suitable pets because they are friendly to humans
59. The purpose of the writing is to ________.
A. advertise for a photo-sharing app
B. introduce the popularity of pet otters
C. discourage the illegal otter pet trade
D. describe the characteristics of otters
【答案】56. B 57. A 58. B 59. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了因社交媒体的推波助澜，东亚和东南亚掀起了将水獭作为宠物饲养的热潮，尽管有国际协议禁止水獭宠物交易，但网上依然有大量水獭交易，水獭数量锐减，情况不容乐观，故呼吁打击非法的水獭宠物交易。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。第一段“Otters, are cute, this no one can deny. They have big eyes, short and flat noses and claws (爪子) like tiny hands. They look even cuter when they wear hats and throw food balls into their mouths as if they were bar snacks, like Takechiyo, a pet otter in Japan. Documenting Takechiyo’s funny behavior has earned his owner nearly 230,000 followers on Instagram, a photo-sharing app. (水獭很可爱，没有人会否认。他们有大眼睛，短而扁的鼻子，还有着像可爱小手般的爪子。它们戴着帽子，把食物球扔进嘴里，就像扔零食一样，看起来更可爱。比如日本的宠物水獭竹千代。记录竹千代的滑稽姿态为它的主人在Instagram这个图片分享应用中赢得了23万关注者。)”，介绍了水獭这种动物，引出相关话题。故选B项。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句开始“Takechiyo’s fame reflects a craze across east and South-East Asia for keeping the cute creatures as pets. Enthusiasts in Japan visit cafés where they pay to hug them; Indonesian owners parade their pets around on leads or go swimming with them, then share their pictures online. But these enjoyable photos mask a trade that is doing a lot of damage. (竹千代的名声反映了东亚和东南亚将可爱生物作为宠物饲养的热潮。日本的爱好者会去咖啡馆，在那里他们付钱拥抱他们；印度尼西亚的主人用绳子游行他们的宠物，或者和他们一起去游泳，然后在网上分享他们的照片。但这些令人愉快的照片掩盖了一项正在造成很大损害的交易。)”，以及最后第二句“The pet trade, which began picking up in the early 2000s but appeared to speed up a few years ago, has made things worse. (宠物贸易在2000年代初开始回升，但几年前似乎加速了，使事情变得更糟。)”可知，由于东亚和东南亚地区将水獭作为宠物饲养的需求，推动了水獭交易。故选A项。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第三句开始“And the otter-keeping craze has been dramatically improved by the internet, says Vincent Nijman of Oxford Brookes University. In 2017 TRAFFIC, a British charity that monitors the wildlife trade, spent nearly five months looking at Facebook and other social-media sites in five South-East Asian countries. During that time, it found around1,000 otters advertised for sale online. (牛津布鲁克斯大学的文森特·奈伊曼说，饲养水獭的热潮在互联网的推动下迅速升温。2017年，一个监管野生动物交易的英国慈善组织TRAFFIC花了将近5个月的时间来查看5个东南亚国家的Facebook和其他社交媒体网站。在那段时间里，他们发现了被在网上打广告售卖的大约1000只水獭。)”可知，在网上可以大肆售卖水獭，社交媒体起到了推波助澜的作用，扮演了重要的角色。故选B项。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第二段最后一句“The numbers of wild Asian small-clawed otters and smooth-coated otters, two species that are in highest demand, have declined by at least 30% in the three decades to 2019.( 在2019年之前的30年里，野生亚洲小爪水獭和江獭，这两种需求量最大的品种的数量已经下降了至少30%。) ”，第三段第一句“The international agreement that governs trade in wildlife, known as CITES, now prohibits cross-border trade in these species. But laws banning ownership are often poorly implemented, as in Thailand, or full of holes, as in Indonesia. (管理野生动植物贸易的国际协议，即CITES，现在禁止这些物种的跨境贸易。但是，禁止所有权的法律往往执行不力，如泰国，或充满漏洞，印度尼西亚。)”可知，水獭数量锐减的情况下，尽管已有国际协议禁止水獭宠物交易，但情况仍不容乐观，故本文的写作目的为“打击非法的水獭宠物交易”。故选C项。
(B)

EDUCATION OUTREACH COORDINATOR (对外协调员)
POSITION OVERVIEW
Position title: Academic Coordinator I
Percent time: 100%
Expected start: April 10, 2022 or later
Position duration: This position is funded for two years (possibility of extension based on performance and/or funding)
POSITION DESCRIPTION
The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of California, Santa Barbara invites applications for a qualified Education Outreach Coordinator for the Biotech education outreach program.
The person in this position will be coordinating teaching events which includes but is not limited to:
• coordinating and setting up schedules between teachers, volunteers, and faculty members
• assisting with organizing events, updating the website, helping with fundraising
• assisting with administration related to the joint Master’s program
• arrange meetings with partner institutions
The department is especially interested in candidates who can contribute to the diversity and excellence of the academic community through teaching and service. The posting will remain open until filled.
QUALIFICATIONS
Basic qualifications (required at time of application)
• BA in Chemistry, Biochemistry or a related field at time of application
Additional qualifications (required at time of start)
• A minimum of 2 years’ experience of scheduling and coordinating meetings
• A minimum of 2 years’ experience of using Excel
Preferred qualifications
• An MA degree
• A minimum of 2 years’ past work experience in education outreach or working with a nonprofit.
• Event coordination with K-12 schools
• Experience in Google platform
• Experience of posting to social media
• Experience of updating websites
• Excellent interpersonal skills


60. Which of the following is true about the job advertised?
A. It’s a full-time job. B. It’s a permanent job.
C. It’s volunteer work. D. It’s academic work.
61. According to the job posting, an education outreach coordinator’s work mainly includes ________.
A. teaching volunteers and faculty members to set up schedules
B. helping the administrators to set up some education programs
C. organizing teaching events for the education outreach program
D. coordinating the programs between the academic communities
62. Suppose all the following candidates meet the basic qualifications, who is most qualified for the position?
A. A person who has excellent interpersonal skills.
B. A person who once worked in a company for three years.
C. A person who is good at using Excel and likes using social media.
D. A person who has 3 years’ experience of coordinating meetings.
【答案】60. A 61. C 62. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则远程教育协调员的招聘广告，描述了职位和要求。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据POSITION OVERVIEW部分中“Percent time: 100%(时间：百分百)”可知，这是一份全职工作。故选A。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据POSITION DESCRIPTION部分中“• assisting with organizing events, updating the website, helping with fundraising(•协助组织活动，更新网站，帮助筹集资金)”可知，根据招聘启事，教育外联协调员的工作主要包括为教育外联项目组织教学活动。故选C。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据QUALIFICATIONS部分中“• A minimum of 2 years’ experience of scheduling and coordinating meetings(至少2年的会议安排和协调经验)”可知，D选项“有3年会议协调经验的人”最适合这个职位。故选D。



8.金山区

(A)
The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile — and he left with one too.
“These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says.
One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money from construction jobs and have his student-loan papers in order. But he said he was still coming to campus to attend events or see friends. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class.
Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit.
No problem, he said.
Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, front and center, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles — a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. For an assignment on changing neighborhoods, Valencia wrote about a favorite local chain restaurant that was “unceremoniously closed.” He called it a theft of childhood. “It is almost as if someone has stolen that childhood and rudely replaced it with a slippery hill where everything they treasure will slide away,” he wrote.
A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. He had earned his associate of arts degree over the summer, then transferred to LA to start on his bachelor’s.
There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts (成绩单). But I’m giving him an A — and in the most important ways, it counts.
56. What made Valencia different from his classmates according to Para. 1?
A. He was an early bird to attract other students’ attention.
B. He took pride in his age, for he often wore a smile on his face.
C. He was eager to draw his conclusion in the communications class.
D. He may often share his wise and humorous ideas in the discussion.
57. According to the author, Valencia continued to attend classes because ________.
A. he got enjoyment and treasured the chance of learning
B. he needed the credits to further study a bachelor’s degree
C. he desired to attend events and have an A on his transcripts
D. he wanted to keep up with his classmates by learning hard
58. Which of the following best describes Valencia?
A. Modest and independent. B. Energetic and generous.
C. Considerate and intelligent. D. Enthusiastic and motivated.
59. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. teachers like diligent and highly-motivated students
B. efforts will be paid off as long as we are determined
C. it is never too late to learn even though we start a little late
D. getting an A counts when it comes to learning at a higher level
【答案】56. D 57. A 58. D 59. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. (他以他的幽默和经验智慧，热情地参加了课堂讨论)”可知，瓦伦西亚与他的同学的不同之处在于：在讨论中，他可能经常分享他的智慧和幽默的想法。故选D项。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，瓦伦西亚继续上课是因为他得到了学习的乐趣，珍惜学习的机会。故选A项。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的“He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. (他以他的幽默和经验智慧，热情地参加了课堂讨论)”可知，瓦伦西亚很热情；由倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，63岁交不起学费的瓦伦西亚，为了学习的乐趣仍继续上课，说明他很上进；他是一个热情、上进的人。故选D项。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。可得出这篇文章主要告诉我们“学习永远不嫌晚，即使我们起步有点晚”。故选C项。
(B)
World Book Day was created by UNESCO on 23rd April 1995 as a worldwide celebration of books and reading. It is marked in over 100 countries around the globe. In an effort to move celebrations of reading into the evening and focus more on adults instead of children, World Book Night starts in the UK in 2011.


At The Reading Agency, we want to create a world where everyone is reading their way to a better life. Research shows that reading for pleasure can promote better health and wellbeing, aids in building social connections and relationships with others and is associated with a range of factors that help increase the chances of social mobility.
World Book Night is about encouraging more people to become readers. By participating on 23 April, whether on your own or with others, you’ll be playing a part in contributing to our mission of coping with life’s big challenges through the proven power of reading.
What are the benefits of reading for pleasure?
19% of readers say that reading stops them from feeling lonely.
Higher literacy skills are associated with a range of positive societal benefits, including having a stronger sense of belonging to society and being more likely to trust others.
Studies have found that reading for pleasure enhances empathy (共情), understanding of the self, and the ability to understand one’s own and others’ identities.
Regular readers for pleasure reported fewer feelings of stress and depression than non-readers, and stronger feelings of relaxation from reading than from watching television or engaging with technology intensive activities.
…

60. What is the purpose of the “World Book Night”?
A. To deal with challenges in life.
B. To introduce the power of reading.
C. To encourage more adults to become readers.
D. To promote people’s physical and mental health.
61. Where can you find the passage above?
A. In a newspaper B. In a magazine. C. In a website. D. On TV.
62. If you want to participate in the reading activity with your friends on April 23, you can most probably refer to ________ section first.
A. BOOKS B. IMPACT C. RESOURCES D. GET INVOLVED
【答案】60. C 61. C 62. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界读书日旨在鼓励各个年龄段的人，特别是青少年享受阅读的乐趣。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章图片中第二段“World Book Night is about encouraging more people to become readers. (世界读书之夜旨在鼓励更多的人成为读者。)”可知，“世界读书之夜”的目的是鼓励更多的人成为读者。故选C项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据图片左侧的LOGIN可知，此处是登陆入口，所以这篇文章应该是一个网站上，所以可以从网站上看到这篇文章。故选B项。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。分析图片左侧的GET INVOLVED可知，因为get involed是“涉及、参与”的意思，所以如果你想和朋友一起参加4月23日的阅读活动，你可以先参考GET INVOLVED部分，故选D项。

9.静安区

（A）
Before the break of dawn, Simon was already standing on the shore watching the sea intensely for any signs of a coming storm. Despite learning from the weather forecast the likelihood of a violent storm, he didn’t change his mind about starting his weekly fishing trip. After checking for the third time that he had brought with him what he needed, Simon got onto his boat and sailed into the vast blue sea. Before long, he was anchoring(固定)his boat in the middle of the sea. Satisfied with the spot, he cast his net, hoping for a good catch.
Simon then relaxed on the deck and watched the sun rising slowly above the horizon. “One can never trust the weather station,” he said, but he had said it too soon. At that moment, there was a sudden strike of lightning, followed by a shout of thunder. The entire sky was suddenly filled with dark clouds. Wave after wave rolled up, hitting his boat and sending it rocking violently sideways. A sense of hopelessness drowned him but when images of his family flashed across his mind, he knew what he had to do. In double-quick time, he cut off the fishing lines and dumped his fishing equipment into the sea. Eventually, the storm eased and the waves died down.
To make matters worse, the boat engine died. As he was many kilometres offshore, the only likely rescue was to be spotted by a boat. But who would be out at sea in such horrible weather except him? That made Simon regret his earlier decision again.
Exhausted, Simon soon drifted off to sleep. When he awoke, the sun had already risen. Simon had lost track of time and location. Sighing, he stood on the deck, staring out hopefully. Then he spotted it. He dived into the water and swam towards the island a few metres ahead of him. When Simon reached land, he was too weak to stand on his legs. Fortunately, a kind-hearted man helped him up and contacted his family. Though Simon emerged from the nightmare unhurt, the fateful day remained forever in his mind. Neglecting the weather forecast, he paid a heavy price. He then learnt that everyone should respect science and be more mindful of his decision.
36. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Not informed of the weather forecast, Simon went fishing as planned.
B. Simon lost his fishing equipment because it was blown off by the wind.
C. Love for his family made him take action trying to save himself.
D. Though he was finally saved, he was hurt badly.
37. What did he see after he woke up?
A. Another boat ready to drag his boat. B. A rescue team sent by his family.
C. A new boat engine to be equipped on his boat. D. An island not far from his boat.
38. What mainly caused him to meet with such a horrible event?
A. He was too confident of his ability to deal with the rescue team.
B. He ignored storm forecast and went fishing anyway.
C. His fishing equipment was too heavy for his boat.
D. He positioned his boat in a wrong location in the sea.
39. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A smooth fishing trip a fisherman used to have.
B. A terrible accident a fisherman experienced and how he survived.
C. The hardships a man has to handle when going fishing.
D. Ways to seek help in dangerous situations in life.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Simon不理会天气预报说有暴风雨的警告，坚持出海钓鱼，遭到暴风雨，最后游到一个小岛幸存下来的故事。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A sense of hopelessness drowned him but when images of his family flashed across his mind, he knew what he had to do.(一种绝望的感觉淹没了他，但当他的家人的画面闪过他的脑海时，他知道他必须做什么。)”可知，是对家人的爱让他决定自救。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sighing, he stood on the deck, staring out hopefully. Then he spotted it. He dived into the water and swam towards the island a few metres ahead of him.(他叹了口气，站在甲板上，满怀希望地望着窗外。然后他发现了它。他潜入水中，朝前方几米远的小岛游去。)”可知，他站在甲板上看到的是一座小岛。由此可知，当他醒来时，发现在距离船不远的地方有一个小岛。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Despite learning from the weather forecast the likelihood of a violent storm, he didn’t change his mind about starting his weekly fishing trip.(尽管从天气预报中得知可能会有一场猛烈的风暴，他还是没有改变主意开始每周的钓鱼之旅。)”可知，他明知有暴风雨警报，仍然置之不理，坚持出海钓鱼。故选B。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通过全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Simon不理会天气预报说有暴风雨的警告，坚持出海钓鱼，遭到暴风雨，最后游到一个小岛幸存下来的故事。故选B。
（B）
There’s something fascinating about discovering a local pub and enjoying a hometown alcoholic drink. Also, you may explore these cities for an entirely new drinking experience.
Tokyo for Underground Sake (清酒)
There’s no better city in the world for sake than Tokyo, Japan. The Japanese have a strong tradition of making sake, a drink made from rice. The drink has a rich cultural background that makes drinking sake a celebration with every sip. You can even have a drink inside the railway station which opens at 7 a. m. when you wait for the train. Sometimes the amazing flavor is presented unexpectedly.
London for Drinks “Shaken and Not Stirred”
Though British icon James Bond's fascination with gin martinis seemed to have pushed gin (杜松子酒) into the global view, London has a long history of gin drinking and many gin lovers throughout the country. The old-time menus in many bars make local people emotional, reminding them of the simpler old days only London can claim.
St. Petersburg for a Lux Vodka (伏特加)Selection
St. Petersburg enjoys a wide variety of bars meant for that original Russian vodka experience including the famous bar ryumochnaya. The bar was originally meant to defy the misbehavior of labeling people. It was a place for everyone to just enjoy a drink. A billionaire could be sitting happily next to a worker. Today in spite of many other bars with higher-end atmosphere than the ryumochnaya, the old bar still remains the best vodka bar of the city with the most varied customers.
New Orleans for the First Cocktail (鸡尾酒)
New Orleans is home to what many believe is America’s first cocktail the Sazerac. In 1838 Antoine Peychaud used two kinds of alcoholic drinks to create the delicious cocktail and kicked off a drink revolution. Today, bars like Compère Lapin stay true to the New Orleans spirit of cocktail, and also offer other exciting options like beer and red wine.
40. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The best sake bar of Japan is positioned in the underground.
B. James Bond started the habit of gin drinking in London.
C. Ryumochnaya tops St. Petersburg vodka bars for its most luxurious atmosphere.
D. Besides cocktail, Compère Lapin serves other kinds of alcoholic drinks.
41. The underlined word defy is closest in meaning to______.
A. highlight B. imitate C. resist D. reward
42. The city with a number of bars to make people recall the city’s passed time is______.
A. Tokyo B. London C. St. Petersburg D. New Orleans.
【答案】40. D 41. C 42. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们可以探索一些城市，以获得全新的饮酒体验。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据New Orleans for the First Cocktail (鸡尾酒)中的“Today, bars like Compère Lapin stay true to the New Orleans spirit of cocktail, and also offer other exciting options like beer and red wine.(如今，像Compère Lapin这样的酒吧忠于新奥尔良鸡尾酒的精神，也提供其他令人兴奋的选择，如啤酒和红酒。)”可知，除了鸡尾酒，Compère Lapin提供其他种类的酒精饮料。故选D。
【41题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“It was a place for everyone to just enjoy a drink. A billionaire could be sitting happily next to a worker. (这是一个让每个人都能享受一杯酒的地方。一个亿万富翁可以快乐地坐在一个工人旁边。)”可知，每个人，不分等级都能在这里享受一杯酒，由此可知，这家酒吧抵制给人贴标签的不当行为。所以划线单词defy为“抵制”之意。故选C。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据London for Drinks “Shaken and Not Stirred中的“The old-time menus in many bars make local people emotional, reminding them of the simpler old days only London can claim. (许多酒吧的旧菜单让当地人情绪激动，让他们想起只有伦敦才能拥有的更简单的旧时光。)”可知，伦敦这座城市拥有众多让人回忆起城市逝去的时光的酒吧。故选B。


10.闵行区
(A)
The population of rare Atlantic puffins in Maine, US, took a hit this year, as the number of chicks to survive a tough summer collapsed. The state's coastal bays and the Gulf of Maine are among the fastest warming large water bodies on the planet, making the puffins' fate a test-case for how climate change could disrupt marine ecosystems worldwide.

The little clown-colored birds faced a complex of challenges: nests were flooded by some of the heaviest rains in a hundred years, exposing chicks to cold and predators. It was tough for young puffins, who were being brought up in caves along the island's shores. And their parents had a hard time finding herring (鲱鱼) and other North Atlantic prey they usually dive for, which scientists think may have swum to cooler waters too deep or far-off for the birds. The adult puffins flew farther than usual to find food. Scientists say this limited their time to keep baby puffins warm in their nests. They did find and bring to the nests a lot of butterfish, but the thing is that butterfish are too big for young puffins to swallow.
The director of the National Audubon Society's Seabird Institute, Don Lyons, says puffins provide a unique window on global warming, on how even small shifts in the range or timing of any one species' occurrence can influence the fate of many others. "Working with puffins in Maine, we're seeing the harbingers (预兆) of climate change every day," he said. "I tend to think of puffins as a group of researchers. They're going out and sampling our marine ecosystem all summer, many times a day. And the way we learn from them is watching what fish they bring back and how well they are able to raise baby coffins. ... They're really telling us to be concerned, you know, to pay attention."
Lyons says that with good management of herring and other fisheries that the puffins depend on, the birds should be able to hang on. Puffins can live up to 30 years and this means it won’t be too terrible if they meet only a bad year. He adds, though, that their future in Maine may depend on just how often those bad years keep rolling in.
56. The phrase “took a hit” (in the 1st paragraph) probably mean “________”.
A. suffer heavy losses B. escape bad fortune
C. increase on a large-scale D. decline moderately
57. According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?
A. Puffins’ nests are open to the attack of their predators.
B. Baby puffins are not adequately fed.
C. Puffins’ prey prefers to stay in warm waters.
D. Butterfish are not the appropriate food for baby puffins.
58. In the 3rd paragraph, Lyon compare puffins to researchers because ________.
A. puffins are helping human to maintain marine ecosystem
B. we can tell the marine ecosystem from what puffins do
C. puffins are more capable of diving for their prey
D. it’s interesting for researchers to work with puffins
59. From the last paragraph we know that ________ is to determine puffins’ future in Maine.
A. the control of puffins’ population
B. prohibition of fishing herring and other fish
C. puffins’ abilities to adapt to different marine ecosystem
D. the frequency of the continuous occurrence of bad year
【答案】56. A 57. C 58. B 59. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年，美国缅因州稀有的大西洋海雀的数量受到了冲击，因为在这个艰难的夏天生存下来的雏鸟数量锐减。该州的沿海海湾和缅因湾是地球上变暖最快的大型水体之一，这使得海雀的命运成为气候变化如何破坏全球海洋生态系统的一个试验案例。文章主要介绍了研究开展的过程以及意义。
【56题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“as the number of chicks to survive a tough summer collapsed”可知，今年，在这个艰难的夏天生存下来的雏鸟数量锐减，所以美国缅因州稀有的大西洋海雀遭受重大损失。故画线词意思是“遭受重大损失”，故选A。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And their parents had a hard time finding herring and other North Atlantic prey they usually dive for, which scientists think may have swum to cooler waters too deep or far-off for the birds.(它们的父母很难找到鲱鱼和其他它们经常潜水的北大西洋猎物，科学家认为这些猎物可能游到较冷的水域，对它们来说太深或太远了)”可知，C选项“海雀的猎物喜欢呆在温暖的水域”不正确。故选C。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“I tend to think of puffins as a group of researchers. They’re going out and sampling our marine ecosystem all summer, many times a day. And the way we learn from them is watching what fish they bring back and how well they are able to raise baby puffins.(我倾向于认为海雀是一群研究人员。他们整个夏天都在外出，每天多次对我们的海洋生态系统进行采样。我们向它们学习的方法是观察它们带回什么鱼，以及它们能在多大程度上抚养海雀宝宝)”可知，里昂将海雀与研究人员进行了比较，因为我们可以从海雀的行为来判断海洋生态系统。故选B。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He adds, though, that their future in Maine may depend on just how often those bad years keep rolling in.(他补充说，尽管如此，他们在缅因州的未来可能取决于这些糟糕的年份持续出现的频率)”可知，坏年连续发生的频率决定了海雀在缅因州的未来。故选D。
(B)

Behavior Under Risk: How Animals Avoid Becoming Dinner
By: Renee L. Rosier & Tracy Langkilde © 2021 Nature Education
Most animals face the risk of being eaten. To avoid becoming someone’s dinner, an organism must be able to identify predatory threats and employ effective strategies to avoid detection by predators. In the event that avoidance fails, animals can use strategies that will increase their chances of surviving attack if they do encounter predators.
Detecting predators
a. Visual — Many animals respond to general visual cues, such as the presence of a new object or sudden movement. Other visual cues, including an animal’s size and behavior, can provide specific information about the identity and intention of a potential predator. For example, prey may be able to visually identify a predator based on its shape, size, and color, and can use the predator’s behavior to determine the immediate threat that it poses.
b. Auditory — Auditory cues can provide reliable, direct information about a predator’s presence, identity. These cues are especially helpful for nocturnal prey species or animals that avoid predators that frequently use sound to hunt or communicate. For example, toadfish recognize sound of dolphins when they are looking for food, one of their main predators, and reduce their activity levels in response.
c. Chemical — Chemical cues can be present in the air, in water, or on the ground, and can be detected by prey through olfaction and gustation, providing a reliable indication of a predator’s presence even if it is visually undetectable. Some species are even able to determine how old a predator scent is, and will avoid only fresh scent cues as they indicate a predator’s recent presence. Animals can also use changes in the concentration or age of a scent to determine which direction a predator was traveling, in order to better avoid it.
d. Vibration — Vibration cues can provide useful information about a predator’s presence, and can be difficult for predators to conceal. Many animals, including some spiders, caterpillars, and tadpoles, use vibrations as indicators of predator presence, and can distinguish vibrations made by predators, non-predators, and abiotic cues (such as rainfall). It is important for prey to be able to distinguish cues from threats versus non-threats, as responding to every tactile stimulus would waste time and energy, and may actually attract the attention of predators.

60. Which of the following cue can best be used to detect the direction of predators at night?
A. Visual B. Auditory C. Chemical D. Vibration
61. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Visual cues can be used as an indication of predators’ intention.
B. Chemical cues fail to function if the predators are out of sight.
C. Auditory cues help prey to figure out what kind of predators they meet.
D. Vibration cues are reliable as predators can hardly stop vibrating.
62. Which of the following topic might be talked about in the following paragraphs?
A. Surviving Encounters with Predators B. Effective Ways to Find out Predators
C. Distinct Characteristics of Predators D. Prey species and their behaviors
【答案】60. C 61. B 62. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个可以探测捕食者的线索。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Chemical cues can be present in the air, in water, or on the ground, and can be detected by prey through olfaction and gustation, providing a reliable indication of a predator’s presence even if it is visually undetectable.Animals can also use changes in the concentration or age of a scent to determine which direction a predator was traveling, in order to better avoid it.(化学线索可以存在于空气中、水中或地面上，可以被猎物通过嗅觉和味觉探测到，为捕食者的存在提供可靠的指示，即使视觉上无法探测到。动物还可以通过气味浓度或气味年代的变化来判断捕食者的行进方向，以便更好地避开它)”可知，化学最适合用来探测夜间捕食者的方向。故选C。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Chemical cues can be present in the air, in water, or on the ground, and can be detected by prey through olfaction and gustation, providing a reliable indication of a predator’s presence even if it is visually undetectable.(化学线索可以存在于空气中、水中或地面上，可以被猎物通过嗅觉和味觉探测到，为捕食者的存在提供可靠的指示，即使视觉上无法探测到)”可知，B选项“如果捕食者不在视线范围内，化学线索就不起作用”不正确。故选B。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Most animals face the risk of being eaten. To avoid becoming someone’s dinner, an organism must be able to identify predatory threats and employ effective strategies to avoid detection by predators. In the event that avoidance fails, animals can use strategies that will increase their chances of surviving attack if they do encounter predators.(大多数动物都面临被吃掉的风险。为了避免成为别人的晚餐，生物必须能够识别掠食性威胁，并采用有效的策略来避免被掠食者发现。在逃避失败的情况下，如果遇到捕食者，动物可以使用增加生存几率的策略)”可推知，接下来可能会讨论“在遭遇捕食者时如何生存”。故选A。


11.浦东新区

(A)
Mattel is honoring frontline workers with Barbie dolls modeled on real-life doctors and nurses. Among them is a doll version of Amy O’Sullivan. She’s a nurse at the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center. That’s in Brooklyn, New York. O’Sullivan appeared on the cover of TIME last year. The doll has hand-painted tattoos, silver hair, and colorful socks like those O’Sullivan wears to work every day.
O’Sullivan was touched by these details. “I used to get a hard time from the administrators about my tattoos and my hair and my pants being rolled up,” she says. “But I didn’t want to be like anyone else… I had no role models when I was growing up. This, I think, shows kids it’s okay to be different. It encourages them to be themselves.”
There are five other dolls in the program. One is modeled on Dr. Audrey Sue Cruz, from Las Vegas, Nevada, who fights racial prejudice against Asian-American physicians. Another is for Dr. Chika Stacy Oriuwa, from Canada, who is fighting racism in the healthcare system. Next is Sarah Gilbert, a professor in the United Kingdom who helped develop a new medication. There’s a doll for Dr. Jaqueline Goés de Jesus, a researcher who led work around the COVID-19 variant in Brazil. And there is Dr. Kirby White, from Australia. She developed reusable personal protective equipment, or PPE, for doctors.
Each woman was presented with her own one-of-a-kind doll. The honoring dolls are not for sale, but Mattel announced it will donate $5 for every doctor or nurse Barbie sold at Target Corporation. Mattel launched the campaign last year to give back to communities in need. “This fall, admittedly, we thought we would be further along in the pandemic,” Lisa McKnight says. She’s a senior vice president at Mattel and the global brand manager for Barbie. “But it is important to honor these amazing medical workers across the globe as we continue to face a difficult time.”
56. Which of the following is true of O’Sullivan?
A. She loves dressing up as a doll. B. She had a hard time financially.
C. She sees growing up differently as OK. D. She tried to cover up her hand-painted tattoos.
57. What do the five other dolls have in common?
A. They are modeled on the medical workers from the same continent.
B. They are designed in support of doctors striving for racial equality.
C. They are manufactured to honor frontline workers with doctor degrees.
D. They are presented to females who’ve contributed to the medical field.
58. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ____________.
A. Mattel is probably the name of a frontline medical worker
B. China’s outstanding doctors may receive dolls modeled on them
C. you can get the honoring dolls for free as long as you donate $5
D. communities in need have made a great contribution to the campaign
59. What is probably the best title of the passage?
A. TIME’s Person of the Year B. Thank You Everyday Heroes
C. Barbie dolls make a comeback D. Mattel Honors Frontline Workers
【答案】56. C 57. D 58. B 59. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。美泰公司以现实生活中的医生和护士为原型，用芭比娃娃来纪念一线工作人员。文章介绍了工作人员收到娃娃时的感受和对这一做法的看法。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But I didn’t want to be like anyone else… I had no role models when I was growing up. This, I think, shows kids it’s okay to be different. It encourages them to be themselves.(但我不想和其他人一样……在我成长的过程中，我没有榜样。我认为，这告诉孩子们，与众不同是可以的。这鼓励他们做自己)”可知，C选项“她以不同的方式看待成长”正确。故选C。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“There are five other dolls in the program. One is modeled on Dr. Audrey Sue Cruz, from Las Vegas, Nevada, who fights racial prejudice against Asian-American physicians. Another is for Dr. Chika Stacy Oriuwa, from Canada, who is fighting racism in the healthcare system. Next is Sarah Gilbert, a professor in the United Kingdom who helped develop a new medication. There’s a doll for Dr. Jaqueline Goés de Jesus, a researcher who led work around the COVID-19 variant in Brazil. And there is Dr. Kirby White, from Australia. She developed reusable personal protective equipment, or PPE, for doctors.(该计划中还有五个娃娃。一个是以来自内华达州拉斯维加斯的奥黛丽-苏-克鲁兹医生为模型，她与针对亚裔美国医生的种族偏见作斗争。另一个是来自加拿大的奇卡-斯泰西-奥瑞瓦医生，她正在与医疗保健系统中的种族主义作斗争。接下来是萨拉-吉尔伯特，她是英国的一位教授，帮助开发了一种新的药物。还有一个娃娃是贾奎琳-戈埃斯-德-热苏斯博士，她是一位在巴西领导围绕COVID-19变体工作的研究人员。还有来自澳大利亚的柯比-怀特博士。她为医生开发了可重复使用的个人防护设备，即PPE)”可知，其他五个娃娃的共同点是它们被提供给对医学领域有贡献的女性。故选D。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Each woman was presented with her own one-of-a-kind doll. The honoring dolls are not for sale, but Mattel announced it will donate $5 for every doctor or nurse Barbie sold at Target Corporation. Mattel launched the campaign last year to give back to communities in need.(每位女士都得到了独一无二的洋娃娃。这些纪念芭比娃娃并不出售，但美泰公司宣布，在塔吉特公司每卖出一个医生或护士芭比娃娃，就会捐赠5美元。美泰去年发起了这项活动，以回馈有需要的社区)”以及“But it is important to honor these amazing medical workers across the globe as we continue to face a difficult time.(但在我们继续面临困难的时候，向全球这些了不起的医务工作者致敬很重要)”可推知，中国的优秀医生可能会收到以他们为原型的玩偶。故选B。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Mattel is honoring frontline workers with Barbie dolls modeled on real-life doctors and nurses. Among them is a doll version of Amy O’Sullivan.(美泰公司以现实生活中的医生和护士为原型，用芭比娃娃来纪念一线工作人员)”结合文章介绍了工作人员收到娃娃时的感受和对这一做法的看法。可知，D选项“美泰致敬一线工作者”最符合文章标题。故选D。
(B)
Cooking with WHOLEFOODS
a picture of health
Integrating wholefoods into your diet by making healthy exchanges is an easy way to increase your intake of beneficial nutrients. See below for suggestions to add extra wholefoods to your meals and a quick guide of how to start using them as your go-to ingredients!
Health Almond Meal makes a nutritious, gluten-free (无谷蛋白的) alternative to regular flour in baking. Almond meal is an excellent source of fibre and vitamin E.
ALMOND MEAL CAN BE USED:
·To thicken soups.
·As a nutritious addition when baking your favourite gluten-free cookies!
·As a flour alternative for those following a specific diet.

Health Chia Seeds are rich in omega-3 fatty acids. They are a plant based source of protein and an excellent source of fibre.
CHIA SEEDS CAN BE:
·Spread on salads, oats or breakfasts.
·Used to make a healthy pudding by wetting them in your favourite fruit juice, coconut milk or coconut water.

Health Organic Hulled Hemp Seeds are an exceptionally nutritious food! They are a source of vitamin E and rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids They also contain quality plant based protein.
3 WAYS TO USE HEMP SEEDS：
·Spread over yoghurt, cereals or blend in smoothies (冰沙).
·Hemp seeds can also be added to homemade sauce and baking.

Organic Flaxseed Meal is rich in fibre and healthy fats.
TO ADD FLAXSEED MEALS TO YOUR DIET:
·Combine with almond meal and use to cover fish or meat with crumbs (食物碎屑).
·Add to banana bread, pancakes, or baking to increase your intake of fibre and omega-3 essential fatty acids.


60. Which of the following wholefoods suits your fruit flavored pudding best?
A. Almond meal. B. Chia seeds. C. Hemp seeds. D. Flaxseed meal.
61. According to the passage, which of the following descriptions is correct?
A. Almond meal — Fat-free mixture B. Chia Seeds — Multi-colored nutrient
C. Hulled hemp seeds — Flour substitute D. Flaxseed meal — Almond meal mate
62. Where is the above advertisement most probably found?
A. What Doctors Don’t Tell You B. Railway Digest
C. Where Health Meets Chemistry D. Recipe Weekly
【答案】60. B 61. D 62. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，本文主要介绍了几种可以添加到膳食中的全麦食品以及如何食用方法。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二幅图片对应的内容“Used to make a healthy pudding by wetting them in your favourite fruit juice, coconut milk or coconut water.(通过用你最喜欢的果汁、椰奶或椰子水蘸湿它们来制作健康的布丁)”可知，奇亚籽最适合水果味布丁。故选B项。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一幅图片对应的内容“Combine with almond meal and use to cover fish or meat with crumbs (食物碎屑).(与杏仁粉混合，用面包屑覆盖在鱼或肉上)”可知，亚麻籽粉能和杏仁粉搭档食用。故选D项。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合文章开头“See below for suggestions to add extra wholefoods to your meals and a quick guide of how to start using them as your go-to ingredients!(请看下面的建议，在你的膳食中添加额外的全麦食品，以及如何开始使用它们作为你的首选食材的快速指南)”可知，本文主要介绍了几种可以添加到膳食中的全麦食品以及如何食用，应是出现在“医生不会告诉你的事情”部分。故选A项。

12.青浦区

(A)
I used to procrastinate (keep leaving things that should be done until later). Years ago, a neighbor kid kicked a football and shattered a small basement window of our house. We were a family of six living on a small salary at the time, so I boarded it up, thinking I’d get to it someday. However, the frame was rusted shut. I couldn’t fix it.
Over the years, I’d sometimes get estimates from window companies. The plan was to upgrade to energy-efficient windows for the whole house. $15, 000. It was simply out of reach. One contractor explained that whoever replaced it would need to cut and shape by hand, a labor-intensive and expensive process.
Honestly, the thought of that window ate at me for years. Every time I went down there, every time I went to the hardware store, it kept troubling me. I knew I needed to address it, but I had built up the process (and the price) so much in my mind that I was unable to act.
Then my wife had a job change, and we needed to move. A potential buyer couldn’t get a loan on the property if there was a broken window. So I pulled off the boards to face this thing head-on. It had been at least 5 years.
I grabbed some rust remover, sprayed all around the rusted frame, and gave it a strong pull. To my astonishment, it moved for the first time. I pulled the window out and took it downtown. It was a $12 fix.
I could have fixed the problem for $12 the same day it happened. But I let it haunt me for years, shutting out light and letting in bugs. It didn’t need to be the most efficient. It just needed to be a window.
OK, this isn’t really about my window. I mean the story is true, but it’s also a decent fable. Many of us, especially those with anxiety, tend to live with broken windows of one type or another for years.
After I posted my story online, many shared their stories with me. One commented, “This reminded me of a statement, ‘We suffer more in imagination than in reality.’” Another responded, “This is why my business partner tells me, ‘Perfect is the enemy of done.’”
Step forward, and you’ll find a solution.
By Nathan Howe
56. Why did the author delay fixing the broken window for years?
A. He developed a tolerant attitude.
B. He was convinced that the window was beyond repair.
C. He thought there was no harm if leaving the window broken.
D. He believed the whole process to be troublesome and expensive.
57. What does the author mean by “the thought of that window ate at me” in Paragraph 3?
A. It frightened me terribly. B. It puzzled me deeply.
C. It motivated me slightly. D. It worried me continuously.
58. What finally led to the author’s determination to deal with the window?
A. His wife’s job switching.
B. The super effective rust remover.
C. The obstacle to getting the house sold.
D. The window’s letting in bugs but not light.
59. Which of the following advice is the author unlikely to share online?
A. You don’t have to fix it all now; just start by starting.
B. Make a list of the things you are putting off and start with the hardest.
C. Doing the thing is often less painful than thinking about doing the thing.
D. An imperfect solution now is better than a perfect one that will never happen.
【答案】56. D 57. D 58. C 59. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要介绍的是作者本可以在家里窗户发生问题的当天花12美元修好，但是却一直拖延，让这个问题困扰自己很多年，作者觉得事情发生时，应该勇敢向前，解决问题。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Over the years, I’d sometimes get estimates from window companies. The plan was to upgrade to energy-efficient windows for the whole house. $15,000. It was simply out of reach. One contractor explained that whoever replaced it would need to cut and shape by hand, a labor-intensive and expensive process.(这些年来，我有时会从橱窗公司得到一些估算。计划是将整栋房子的窗户升级为节能窗户。15000美元。费用太高了。一位承包商解释说，无论是谁来替换它，都需要手工切割和定型，这是一个劳动密集型和昂贵的过程。)”可知，作者多年来迟迟没有修好那扇破窗户是因为他认为整个过程既麻烦又昂贵。故选D。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Every time I went down there, every time I went to the hardware store, it kept troubling me.(每次我去那里，每次我去五金店，它一直困扰着我。)”可知，这个问题一直让作者担心，因此“the thought of that window ate at me”的意思是“It worried me continuously(它一直让我担心)”，故选D。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Then my wife had a job change, and we needed to move. A potential buyer couldn’t get a loan on the property if there was a broken window.(后来我妻子换了工作，我们需要搬家。如果房子的窗户破了，潜在买家就无法获得贷款。)”可知，最终让作者下定决心处理窗户的原因是这个窗户成了把房子卖出去的障碍。故选C。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段的“It didn’t need to be the most efficient. It just needed to be a window.(它不需要是最高效的。它只是需要一扇窗。)”可知，A项“You don’t have to fix it all now; just start by starting.(你不需要现在就去解决所有的问题，只需要从头开始。)”可能是作者在网上会分享的建议，根据最后一段的“Step forward, and you’ll find a solution.(向前一步，你会找到解决办法的。)可知，作者认为不要总是想，要去做，因此C项“Doing the thing is often less painful than thinking about doing the thing.(做这件事通常没有想做这件事那么痛苦。)”可能是作者在网上会分享的建议，根据倒数第二段的“After I posted my story online, many shared their stories with me. One commented, “This reminded me of a statement, ‘We suffer more in imagination than in reality.’” Another responded, “This is why my business partner tells me, ‘Perfect is the enemy of done.’”(在我把我的故事发布到网上后，许多人与我分享了他们的故事。有人评论说:“这让我想起了一句话，‘我们在想象中承受的痛苦比在现实中承受的要多。’”另一位回答说，“这就是为什么我的商业伙伴告诉我，‘完美是完成的敌人。’”)”可知，D项“An imperfect solution now is better than a perfect one that will never happen.(一个不完美的解决方案总比一个永远不会发生的完美方案要好。)”可能是作者在网上会分享的建议，因此作者不太可能在网上分享的建议是B选项“Make a list of the things you are putting off and start with the hardest.(列出你正在拖延的事情，从最难的开始。)”，故选B。
(B)


The World Bank Group (WBG), headquartered in Washington DC, has launched a global search for the Senior Vice President & Group General Counsel. As one of the world’s largest sources of development assistance and global expert knowledge for developing countries, the WBG brings 16,000 experts in diverse fields to work in more than 100 developing economies with twin goals of ending extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity. In that context, the WBG is looking for a leader to oversee the WBG’s Legal Vice Presidency with a strong commitment to development and identification with WBG institutional values of collaboration, respect, diversity and inclusion.
On this position, you are expected to bring:
• Intellectual leadership and substantial legal expertise in devising innovative solutions to enable the WBG to meet its developmental objectives and challenges.
• Deep understanding of international law and the complex geopolitical landscape including knowledge of the global development agenda.
• Strong leadership experience with a track record of developing, inspiring and empowering multicultural teams within complex organizations.
• Strong communication skills and ability to build relationships with all stakeholders (股东) and work cooperatively across the WBG.
The Senior Vice President & Group General Counsel will report to the WBG President and serve on the Senior Leadership Team to ensure the success of the WBG in fulfilling its missions in a sustainable way. The position is based in Washington, DC.
Applications should be submitted by 31st March 2022.
In the pursuit of excellence, the WBG continually employs qualified individuals with diverse backgrounds from around the globe and is an equal opportunity and inclusive employer and encourages diverse candidates to apply.

60. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A. Call for Banking Talents
B. Looking Forward to Your Arrival
C. Access to a Once-in-a-life Opportunity
D. Wanted: Senior Vice President & Group General Counsel
61. What is the middle part of this advertisement about?
A. Terms and conditions. B. Rights and duties.
C. Responsibilities and qualifications. D. Expectations and personal records.
62. What can be learned from this passage?
A. Employees with varied cultural backgrounds are rarely seen in WBG.
B. WBG’s mission is solely concerned with boosting economy in developed countries.
C. The position advertised attaches great importance to legal and geographical knowledge.
D. The position involves working under the WBG President’s supervision and in the team.
【答案】60. D 61. C 62. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是世界银行集团招聘高级副总裁兼集团总法律顾问的广告。
【60题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“The World Bank Group (WBG), headquartered in Washington DC, has launched a global search for the Senior Vice President & Group General Counsel. （总部位于华盛顿特区的世界银行集团(WBG)已开始在全球范围内招聘高级副总裁兼集团总法律顾问）”可知，本文是一篇招聘广告，所以D项“Wanted: Senior Vice President & Group General Counsel（招聘:高级副总裁兼集团总法律顾问）”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文中间部分“ • Intellectual leadership and substantial legal expertise in devising innovative solutions to enable the WBG to meet its developmental objectives and challenges.• Deep understanding of international law and the complex geopolitical landscape including knowledge of the global development agenda.• Strong leadership experience with a track record of developing, inspiring and empowering multicultural teams within complex organizations.• Strong communication skills and ability to build relationships with all stakeholders and work cooperatively across the WBG.（•在制定创新解决方案方面发挥智慧领导力和丰富的法律专业知识，使世行集团能够实现其发展目标和挑战。•深刻理解国际法和复杂的地缘政治格局，了解全球发展议程。•具有丰富的领导经验，在复杂的组织中发展、激励和授权多元文化团队。•具有较强的沟通能力，能够与所有股东建立良好的关系，并在整个世行集团内开展合作。）”可推知，中间部分是对应聘者职责和资格的要求。故选C项。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格最后部分的第一段“The Senior Vice President & Group General Counsel will report to the WBG President and serve on the Senior Leadership Team to ensure the success of the WBG in fulfilling its missions in a sustainable way. （高级副行长兼集团总法律顾问将向世行集团行长汇报工作，并加入世行集团高级领导团队，以确保世行集团以可持续的方式成功完成其使命）”可知，该职位需要在世界银行行长的监督下在团队中工作。故选D项。

13.松江区

(A)
Hurlen-Patano unzipped her jacket, pulled out her phone, and made a call, “Bring help!”
That morning, Ken Scott bumped into his friend Rebecca Hurlen-Patano in Silver Mountain Resort. They noticed that the 6200-foot Wardner Peak, home to the challenging expert-level route, was now open. It had been closed all season over concerns about an avalanche, sudden fall of a mass of snow.
“Let’s go for it!” Hurlen-Patano proposed.
Almost immediately they took off from that peak, the snow beneath gave way. In a millisecond, “Avalanche!” she yelled to Scott.
Hurlen-Patano had ended up partially buried and managed to pull herself out. She looked uphill to where she’d last seen Scott and shouted his name. No response. Then she made the call.
Word spread quickly, and soon professional rescuers and skiers were heading to the avalanche site with tools. Like a commander, Hurlen-Patano stayed calm and pointed out possible places. Rescuers formed a line along the slope, and positioned their ten-foot poles down into the deep snow, hoping to hit and locate the buried skier.
Under the weight of the snow, Scott was totally immobile, and he couldn’t expand his chest enough to take a full breath. He knew death was just a matter of time, but this was not the way he wanted to die.
He fought to stay optimistic by focusing on breathing. But a group of his close friends who had lost their lives in an avalanche emerged in his mind. Then a feeling of warmth struck him and he knew it was a sign of hypothermia (体温过低). “I’m going to join them.”
The key 30-minute survival time had come and gone.
He felt a slight pressure. He anxiously prayed to feel it again. A minute passed, then two. Nothing. The only flash of hope disappeared. He felt himself fading away. Suddenly, the pressure on his body seemed to be changing. He started shouting, hoping anyone standing above would hear. Five minutes later, he breathed in fresh air deeply and saw the sky above, again.
56 Why did Hurlen-Patano call for help?
A. Because she forecast that a natural disaster would take place.
B. Because she got injured and needed to be rushed to the hospital.
C. Because she located an avalanche victim who needed treatment.
D. Because she noticed her friend trapped in an unexpected disaster.
57. What can we learn about Scott when he was covered under the snow?
A. He waited for rescue without motion.
B. He stayed positive from start to finish.
C. He prayed for the stopping of the snow.
D. He squeezed himself to get some warmth.
58. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. rescuers found Scott due to Hurlen-Patano’s precise location
B. Wardner Peak was once closed for the likelihood of a disaster
C. the avalanche happened right after Scott finished his chosen route
D. rescue work was completed smoothly within the ideal survival time
59. Which expression best describes both Scott and Hurlen-Patano?
A. Calm commanders. B. Optimistic prayers.
C. Experienced skiers. D. Decisive rescuers.
【答案】56. D 57. A 58. B 59. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Hurlen-Patano和Scott 在Wardner Peak遭遇雪崩的故事。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Almost immediately they took off from that peak, the snow beneath gave way. ”(几乎就在他们从那座山峰起飞的时候，下面的雪就崩塌了)以及第五段“ She looked uphill to where she’d last seen Scott and shouted his name. No response. Then she made the call.”(她向山上最后一次见到Scott的地方望去，喊出了他的名字。无响应。然后她打了电话)可知，Hurlen-Patano打电话是因为朋友被困在雪崩里了。故选D。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Under the weight of the snow, Scott was totally immobile, and he couldn’t expand his chest enough to take a full breath.”(在大雪的重压下，斯科特完全不能动弹，他的胸部无法展开，无法进行充分的呼吸)可知，Scott动弹不了，只能静静地等待救援。故选A。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They noticed that the 6200-foot Wardner Peak, home to the challenging expert-level route, was now open. It had been closed all season over concerns about an avalanche, sudden fall of a mass of snow.”(他们注意到，6200英尺高的Wardner Peak，这条具有挑战性的专家级路线的所在地，现已开放。由于担心会发生雪崩，突然下起大雪，整个赛季它都被关闭了)可知，Wardner Peak曾因为可能会发生雪崩而关闭。故选B。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Like a commander, Hurlen-Patano stayed calm and pointed out possible places.”以及倒数第四段“He fought to stay optimistic by focusing on breathing.”(他努力保持乐观，专注于呼吸)和“Then a feeling of warmth struck him and he knew it was a sign of hypothermia (体温过低). ”(然后，一种温暖的感觉袭来，他知道这是体温过低的迹象)可知，Hurlen-Patano和Scott能根据当时的情况做出判断，由此可判断他们是有经验的滑雪者。故选C。
(B)

The eligibility (资格) standards for the 2021 Resident Visa focuses on people whose primary purpose for being in New Zealand (NZ) is to work.
Eligibility under the settled, skilled or scarce groups
You must have met the standards on 29 September 2021 and on the date you send your application.
To be eligible you must:
Ÿ have been in NZ on 29 September 2021, and
Ÿ be on an eligible visa on 29 September 2021, or have applied for an eligible visa on 29 September 2021 that was later granted.
You must also meet one of these three standards:
Ÿ (settled standards) have lived in NZ for the past three or more years, or
Ÿ (skilled standards) earn at least $27 per hour, or
Ÿ (scarce standards) work in a role on a scarce list (Click here to view scarce lists).
If you meet the standards for eligibility but were in Australia on 29 September 2021 and were unable to return to NZ by that date, you may be considered eligible but you must be in NZ when you apply.
Eligible visas
On 29 September 2021 all applicants must have been on (or have applied for and later granted) one of the following visas:
Ÿ Post Study Work Visa
Ÿ Essential Skills Work Visa
Ÿ Religious Worker Work Visa
Ÿ Talent Work Visa
Ÿ Long Term Skill Shortage List Work Visa
Ÿ Some Critical Purpose Visitor Visas (CPVV)
Short-term visa holders are not eligible, such as visitors, students, working holiday makers, and seasonal workers.
Visa application process
The 2021 Resident Visa will be open for applications in 2 periods.
Period 1: From 1 December 2021
Period 2: From 21 February 2022
Applications can be sent online. All applications must be made by 31 July 2022.

60. The passage is most likely to be taken from ________.
A. an advertising poster B. a travel magazine
C. an immigration website D. a geographic leaflet
61. Who may be eligible for the 2021 New Zealand Resident Visa?
A. Andy, who applied for the 2021 Resident Visa in Australia in Dec. 2021 online.
B. Judy, who came to NZ in Dec. 2021 as an exchange student and will leave in 2022.
C. Sam, who was granted a short-term visa in Sep. 2021 and works in a role on a scarce list.
D. Ron, who has been living in NZ on Talent Work Visa since 2020 and earns $27 per hour.
62. To ensure a successful application for the 2021 Resident Visa, one should apply for it no later than ________.
A. 29 Sep. 2021 B. 1 Dec. 2021 C. 21 Feb. 2022 D. 31 Jul. 2022
【答案】60. C 61. D 62. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了移民新西兰所需签证的申请时间和申请条件等内容。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一张图片中的“NEW ZEALAND IMIGRATION”（新西兰移民）以及第二张图片“2022 IMIGRATION NEW ZEALAND”（2022新西兰移民）和文章中的黑体部分“(Click here to view scarce lists)”（ 点击这里查看稀有物品清单）可知，此篇文章最有可能来源于移民网。故选C。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。分析选项可知，A选项中的Andy只是“在2021年12月在网上申请了澳大利亚2021年居民签证”，她只有居民签证，并不符合“You must also meet one of these three standards：(settled standards) have lived in NZ for the past three or more years, or (skilled standards) earn at least $27 per hour, or(scarce standards) work in a role on a scarce list.”（您还必须满足以下三个标准之一：（固定标准）过去三年或三年以上居住在新西兰，或（熟练标准）每小时至少赚取27美元，或（稀缺标准）在稀缺列表中扮演角色。）中的任何一个，因此不符合条件。根据“Short-term visa holders are not eligible, such as visitors, students, working holiday makers, and seasonal workers.”（短期签证持有人不符合资格，如游客、学生、工作度假者和季节性工人。）可知，B选项中的Judy只是“于2021年12月作为交换生来到新西兰，将于2022年离开。”是短期签证，不符合条件。同样，C选项中的Sam也是短期签证，他是“在2021年9月获得了短期签证，他的职位非常稀少。”，因此也不符合条件。D选项中的Ron“自2020年以来，他一直持人才工作签证居住在新西兰，且每小时收入27美元。”符合所有条件。首先，根据“To be eligible you must: have been in NZ on 29 September 2021, and be on an eligible visa on 29 September 2021, or have applied for an eligible visa on 29 September 2021 that was later granted.”（要获得资格，您必须：于2021年 9月29日在新西兰以及于2021年 9月29日持有合格签证，或于2021 年9月29日申请了后来获得的合格签证。）可知，Ron自2020年就住在新西兰，符合居住史条件。其次，根据“You must also meet one of these three standards(您还必须满足以下三个标准之一：)”中的“(skilled standards) earn at least $27 per hour(（熟练标准）每小时至少赚取27美元)” 可知，Ron符合此条件。再次，Ron持有“Eligible visas(合格签证)”中的“Talent Work Visa(人才工作签证)”。综上可知，Ron符合所有条件。故选D。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章的最后一排“All applications must be made by 31 July 2022.”（所有申请必须在2022年7月31日前提出。）可知，所有的申请不能迟于2022年7月31日。故选D。

14.徐汇区

A
The Internet is changing the way we communicate. LOL, awks, amazeballs, BRB, the use of emoji and emoticon — and even writing facial expressions such as ‘sad face’— have all become standard in digital communications. So ingrained, in fact, that they’re changing the way we write and even talk.
“People are becoming less concerned with grammar, spelling and sentence structure, and more concerned with getting their message across,” says Gavin Hammar, CEO and founder of Sendible.
There’s no doubt that the consumption of abbreviated digital content is having a huge effect on language. “Over the last five years attention spans have shortened considerably, which is reflected in the contracted forms of language we see in social media,” says Robin Kermode, founder of communications coaching consultancy Zone2.
However, some think that the internet has made us better communicators since we increasingly use much more streamlined language. “To get a message across using Twitter for example, it must be concise and must conform to the tone used there, which includes abbreviations, acronyms.”
The fastest growing ‘new language’ in the world is emoticons (faces) and emojis (images of objects, which hail from Japan), which are one of the biggest changes caused by digital communications. “Facial expressions, visual presence and body language have always been vital to being a confident speaker, but now emojis are blurring the lines between verbal and written communication,” thinks Kermode, who adds that cavemen had early versions of emojis on the sides of their caves. “Pictures, cartoons or emojis are ‘shortcuts’ so we can be clear about what our message really means.”
If you mainly use emojis, why not get a keyboard-based around smiley faces and cartoon icons? That’s exactly what Swyft Media recently created, and while it’s more of a PR stunt the keyboards of the future will probably contain at least some emojis.
Emoticons and emojis are arguably more meaningful than slang and shorthand, which can be too easily misunderstood. “I once witnessed a girl being dumped in a text, which consisted of a message with just five letters, U R MY X’ — linguistically economic, but emotionally harsh,” says Kermode. Trouble is, the sender had actually meant YOU ARE MINE. X’. “If he’d added three emojis — like a smiley face, a heart and a wedding ring, he might now be happily married!”
The same goes for a statement such as “I NEED TO SPEAK TO YOU RIGHT NOW”, which needs a qualifying emoticon or emoji to give it meaning. “It could signal an angry meeting or a passionate meeting but add a coffee cup, a big smiley face or an angry face and it becomes clear what’s really going on,” says Kermode.
They may be derided by traditionalists, but emoticons and emojis used to describe mood are the body language add-on that the written word has always lacked. In most instances, these icons represent language evolution and progress, not regression.
56. What does the word “ingrained” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Deep-rooted. B. Long-lasting. C. Well-equipped. D. Single-minded.
57. Which of the following statement correctly interprets the underlined sentence but now emojis are blurring the lines between verbal and written communication in paragraph 5?
A. Emojis are mixing up the spoken words and the written words in our daily conversations.
B. Emojis are making the differences between spoken and written communication less clear.
C. Emojis are in line with spoken and written expressions.
D. Emojis are helping spoken and written communication become more straight-forward.
58. Which of the following statement is Not True?
A. People are more concerned with getting their message across rather than grammar, spelling or sentence structure.
B. The Internet has made us better communicators because we are increasingly using more streamlined and concise language.
C. Emoticons and emojis can be used to describe the mood of communicators and clarify the real meaning of their message.
D. Using emojis can sometimes make the process of decoding meanings more difficult in real-life contexts.
59. What Can Not be learned from the passage?
A. The Internet is changing the way we communicate.
B. With images of facial expressions or objects, emoticons and emojis can be used to vividly describe mood, and thus help avoid misunderstanding.
C. Emoticons and emojis are the fastest growing “new language” and keyboards of the future will probably contain some of them.
D. Emoticons and emojis add needless meanings to language and cause misunderstandings.
【答案】56. A 57. B 58. D 59. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了互联网正在改变我们的交流方式。网络流行语（LOL，awks，amazeballs，BRB）和表情符号的使用正在改变我们写作甚至说话的方式。
【56题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The Internet is changing the way we communicate. LOL, awks, amazeballs, BRB, the use of emoji and emoticon — and even writing facial expressions such as ‘sad face’— have all become standard in digital communications.(互联网正在改变我们的交流方式。网络流行语（LOL，awks，amazeballs，BRB）和表情符号的使用甚至还有画出的“悲伤的脸”等面部表情都已成为数字通信的标准)”及下文“in fact, that they’re changing the way we write and even talk.(事实上，它们正在改变我们写作甚至说话的方式)”可知，网络流行语和表情符号影响非常深远。由此可知，划线词与deep-rooted(根深蒂固的)意思接近。故选A项。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“So ingrained, in fact, that they’re changing the way we write and even talk.(事实上，它们是如此根深蒂固以至于它们正在改变我们写作甚至说话的方式)”和第二段的“People are becoming less concerned with grammar, spelling and sentence structure, and more concerned with getting their message across.(人们越来越不关心语法、拼写和句子结构，而更关心传达他们的信息)”，再结合第五段的“Facial expressions, visual presence and body language have always been vital to being a confident speaker, but now emojis are blurring the lines between verbal and written communication, (面部表情、视觉存在和肢体语言一直是成为一个自信的说话者的关键，但现在表情符号模糊了口头和书面交流之间的界限)”可知，划线句子的意思是“表情符号使口头和书面交流之间的差异变得不那么清晰了”。故选B项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“If he’d added three emojis — like a smiley face, a heart and a wedding ring, he might now be happily married!(如果他添加了三个表情符号——比如笑脸、心形和结婚戒指，他现在可能会幸福地结婚了！)”可知，因为他只是使用简略的表达方式没有加上相应的表情符号，对方便很难理解他的意图。由此可知， D项“使用表情符号有时会使在现实生活中解码含义的过程更加困难”不符合原文的描述。故选D项。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Emoticons and emojis are arguably more meaningful than slang and shorthand, which can be too easily misunderstood.(表情符号可以说比俚语和简略的表达方式更有意义，俚语和简略的表达方式是很容易被误解的)”及“If he’d added three emojis — like a smiley face, a heart and a wedding ring, he might now be happily married!(如果他添加了三个表情符号——比如笑脸、心形和结婚戒指，他现在可能会幸福地结婚了！)”可知，简略的表达方式是很难理解的，而表情符号不会引起误解，还很可能让对方明白他的求婚意图。由此可知，D项“表情符号为语言添加了不必要的含义并引起误解”不符合原文的描述。故选D项。
B
How to know how much to tip?
New rules of gratuities
The current situation has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some haven’t been able to do their jobs at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way as it used to be. In either case, “Tips dried up, causing a lot of people to suffer,” says Toni Dupree, a professional etiquette coach.
Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential service workers suddenly faced.
Just as many services have changed, so should tipping, says Lisa Grotts, author of several etiquette books. Some old standards no longer seem fair, and several newer ones will apply long after the pandemic is over.
Some new rules of tipping that are likely here to stay:
Give more if you can.
It’s common for tips to be divided between all the workers at a store or restaurant, not just those who interact directly with customers. So giving generously ensures a fairer tip for all.
Think outside the (cash) box.
You can also “tip” with a thank-you note or a homemade gift when a business (or your budget) doesn’t permit gratuities. Consider writing a review online, making sure to name names.
As for specific situations, here’s what the experts recommend:
FOOD AND DRINKS
Restaurant workers
Old rule: Leave a tip only when you dine in.
New rule: Always tip, even for takeout.
Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent on takeout or delivery orders.
Bartenders
Old rule: $1 per drink.
New rule: Give more, and tip after each round since bartenders often split tips with everyone on their shift.
Tip: $2 per drink, or 10 to 15 percent of the total tab.
Personal shoppers
Old rule: N/A. Many of these services, such as grocery pickup, are newer.
New rule: Tip, and do it in the app, since you are unlikely to interact directly with your shopper.
Tip: 10 to 15 percent. If a tip is already included, add a few dollars extra.
HOME DELIVERIES
Package delivery drivers
Old rule: Don’t tip.
New rule: Show appreciation if you get deliveries more than once a week.
Tip: Drinks, snacks, or $5 to $20 if a package is particularly heavy or large. Postal workers cannot accept cash or gifts worth more than $50 per year. UPS tells drivers to decline tips unless a customer insists. And FedEx prohibits employees from accepting cash or cash equivalents (such as gift cards).
PERSONAL SERVICES
Ride-share drivers
Old rule: Tip in cash.
New rule: Ask your driver. The Lyft and Uber apps let you add gratuities, but some drivers prefer cash.
Tip: 15 to 20 percent.
Hairstylists
Old rule: 10 percent.
New rule: Extra cleaning protocols mean extra work. Acknowledge that with a bigger tip.
Tip: 15 to 20 percent, plus $5 to $10 for an assistant who shampoos your hair.
Hotel housekeepers
Old rule: Tip at the end of your stay.
New rule: Many hotels now do housekeeping by request only, so tip every time you ask them to come.
Tip: A few dollars per night, plus $5 for any extra requests, such as asking for additional toiletries.
Next time you’re unsure whether a gratuity is in order, follow this simple rule: When in doubt, tip. The novelist George Eliot asked, “What do we live for if not to make the world less difficult for each other?” Dupree adds: “Tipping well is one way to make things easier for someone else.”
60. According to the experts, tipping rules has been changing because of ________.
A. the attempt of not trying to be cheap as a customer
B. the significant improvement in living standards
C. the hardships service workers suddenly faced during pandemic
D. our always being waited on in all aspects of life
61. Which of the following statements about tips is TRUE?
A. Tips are only for the one who serves you in a restaurant.
B. FedEx employees are happy to get apple store gift cards for tips.
C. If the cost of hairstyling is $30, the total tips are supposed to be about $10.
D. Personal shoppers should tip 10 to 15 percent of the total bill in cash.
62. The underlined word “gratuities” probably means ________.
A. gifts B. thanks C. cards D. tips
【答案】60. C 61. C 62. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些新的小费规则。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“The current situation has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. (目前的情况对那些为小费而工作的人来说尤其困难)”，第二段“Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential service workers suddenly faced. (与此同时，由于基本服务人员突然面临新的风险和困难，许多客户觉得有必要给更多小费)”和第三段“Just as many services have changed, so should tipping, says Lisa Grotts, author of several etiquette books. Some old standards no longer seem fair, and several newer ones will apply long after the pandemic is over. (几本礼仪书的作者丽莎·格罗茨说，正如许多服务都发生了变化一样，小费也应该发生变化。一些旧标准似乎不再公平，而一些新标准将在疫情结束后很长时间内适用)”可知，据专家介绍，小费规则因疫情期间服务人员突然面临的困难而有所改变。故选C项。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。由Hairstylists中的“Tip: 15 to 20 percent, plus $5 to $10 for an assistant who shampoos your hair. (小费：15%到20%，再加上给你洗头的助理5到10美元)”可知，如果发型的费用是30美元，按最低小费标准（15%和给你洗头助理5美元），小费为30$*15%+5$=9.5$，C项“那么小费总额应该是10美元左右”正确。故选C项。
【62题详解】
词句猜测题。由Think outside the (cash) box. (跳出（现金）盒子思考)中的“You can also “tip” with a thank-you note or a homemade gift when a business (or your budget) doesn’t permit gratuities. Consider writing a review online, making sure to name names. (当企业（或你的预算）不允许gratuities时，你也可以用感谢信或自制礼物“小费”。考虑在线撰写评论，确保点名)”可知，此处指没钱给小费时的替代方案是用“感谢信或自制礼物‘小费’”，gratuities在此处意为“小费（tips）”。故选D项。

15.杨浦区

(A)
I fell in love with the minister’s son the winter I turned fourteen. He was not Chinese. When I found out that my parents had invited the minister’s family over for Christmas Eve dinner, I cried. What would Robert think of our shabby Chinese Christmas? What would he think of our noisy Chinese relatives who lacked proper American manners? What terrible disappointment would he feel upon seeing not a roasted turkey and sweet potatoes but Chinese food?
On Christmas Eve I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu. She was pulling back lines out of the backs of fleshy prawns. The kitchen was littered with piles of raw food: a fish with bulging eyes begging not to be thrown into a pan of hot oil, a bowl of soaking dried fungus back to life, a plate of squids whose backs were crisscrossed with knife markings so they resembled bicycle tires.
And then they arrived — the minister’s family and all my relatives. Robert said hello, and I pretended he was not worthy of existence. Dinner threw me deeper into despair. My relatives licked the ends of their chopsticks and reached across the table, dipping them into the dozen or so plates of food. Robert and his family waited patiently for plates to be passed to them. My relatives whispered with pleasure when my mother brought out the whole steamed fish. Robert made faces. Then my father poked his chopsticks just below the fish eye and pulled out the soft meat. “Amy, your favourite,” he said, offering me the tender fish cheek. I wanted to disappear. I remained silent for the rest of the night.
After everyone had gone, my mother said to me, “You want to be the same as American girls on the outside. But inside you must always be Chinese. You must be proud you are different. Your only shame is to have shame.”
56. The writer felt ________ upon knowing that the minister’s family had been invited over for Christmas Eve dinner.
A. excited B. worried C. disappointed D. confused
57. In the second paragraph, the writer described the kitchen scene in such a way as to ________.
A. paint a vivid picture of how busy her mother was
B. explain the reason why her mother created such a menu
C. support the claim that the Christmas menu was strange
D. introduce the typical Chinese dishes served on Christmas Eve
58. What can be inferred about the writer based on what happened during the dinner?
A. She suffered greatly during the dinner. B. She hated eating the fish cheek below the eye.
C. She regretted not talking more with Robert. D. She was picky about the Christmas menu.
59. Why did the writer’s mother have a talk with her that night?
A. To inform her of the cultural gap between the east and the west.
B. To share her understanding of the word “shame”.
C. To encourage her to become integrated into the local community.
D. To urge her to be proud of her Chinese roots.
【答案】56. B 57. C 58. A 59. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十四岁那年的冬天，爱上了牧师的儿子。结果父母邀请了牧师一家来吃平安夜晚餐，作者为自己的亲戚在晚餐时的表现感到羞耻，最后母亲和作者谈话，鼓励作者为自己身为中国人感到骄傲。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I found out that my parents had invited the minister’s family over for Christmas Eve dinner, I cried. What would Robert think of our shabby Chinese Christmas? What would he think of our noisy Chinese relatives who lacked proper American manners? What terrible disappointment would he feel upon seeing not a roasted turkey and sweet potatoes but Chinese food?(当我发现我的父母邀请牧师一家来吃平安夜晚餐时，我哭了。罗伯特会怎么看我们简陋的中国式圣诞节呢？他会怎么看我们那些吵闹而又缺乏美国礼仪的中国亲戚呢？如果他看到的不是烤火鸡和红薯，而是中国菜，他会感到多么可怕的失望？)”可推知，得知牧师一家被邀请来吃平安夜晚餐，作者感到很担心。故选B。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“On Christmas Eve I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu.(在圣诞节前夕，我发现母亲超出了自己的能力，做了一份奇怪的菜单)”可推知，在第二段中，作者以这样一种方式描述了厨房的场景，以支持圣诞菜单很奇怪的说法。故选C。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“I wanted to disappear. I remained silent for the rest of the night.(我想消失。那天晚上剩下的时间，我一言不发)”可推知，晚餐期间，作者吃饭时很痛苦。故选A。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“You must be proud you are different. Your only shame is to have shame.(你一定为自己的与众不同而自豪。你唯一的羞耻就是有羞耻)”可知，作家的母亲那天晚上和她谈话是为了鼓励她为自己的中国根感到骄傲。故选D。
（B）

60. The poster is designed to _________.
A. advertise the special issue of Ancient Egypt
B. introduce “The Land of the Pharaohs”
C. promote a children’s publication, AQUILA
D. feature summer topics of AQUILA 2022
61. Which issue will you like most if you are interested in marine life?
A. April issue. B. May issue. C. June issue. D. July/August Issue.
62. Which way enables you to get the most issues with the same amount of money?
A. Purchasing the back-issues.
B. Downloading online issues.
C. Subscribing to the double issues.
D. Buying current issues at the newsstand.
【答案】60. C 61. B 62. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇海报。主要介绍一些期刊以及订阅方式。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Land of the Pharaohs标题下的第二段 “AQUILA is unique in the world of children’s publishing: its thoughtful and intelligent topics are so well written and researched you will probably enjoy reading the articles yourself.”(AQUILA在儿童出版界独树一帜：其富有思想和智慧的主题写得很好，研究得很好，你可能会喜欢自己阅读这些文章)可知，这份海报主要是为了推销儿童读物AQUILA。故选C。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据May：UNDERSEA EXPLORER部分的内容“Dive into coral reefs and meet their dazzling inhabitants. PLUS: underwater maps, sea monsters and the spaceship cemetery.”(潜入珊瑚礁，见见它们耀眼的居民。另有：水下地图，海怪和飞船墓地)可知，在May issue部分可看到海洋生物。故选B。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据Subscriptions Include的第三点“50% OFF back-issues when you subscribe”(当您订阅过期刊物时，可享受五折优惠)可知，订阅过期刊物最划算。故选A。

16.长宁区
(A)
Consumer expert Sue Hayward’s sensible finance tips and advice
Money Talk
Sue’s Guide To Booking Your Summer Holiday
3 WAYS TO SAVE
u Hungry Horse pubs have Golden Years menus for the over-60s with two courses for £4.70. Portions may be slightly smaller than standard mains. The deal is available Mon-Fri. hungryhorse.co.uk
u Want to start a new hobby? Golf can sound like an expensive one but no need to pay for stylish clubs. Council-run courses can cost from just £10 a time for two.
u Borrow, don’t buy if you only need gadgets or tools occasionally. Pick up a carpet cleaner, wheelbarrow or shredder from a Library of Things community scheme in places including Oxford, Edinburgh and Plymouth. From £1! libraryofthings.co.uk
Started planning this year’s getaway? The collapse of holiday giant Thomas Cook shows how booking with big companies is no guarantee your trip will go to plan. Here are the best ways to protect your holiday and your cash.
u Package protection: Package holidays offer better protection than booking all the bits of your trip separately. This needn’t mean buying an off-the-peg package. Book a flight with any other part of your trip, like a hotel or car hire, at the same time and it counts as a package. With packages you get ATOL protection. This travel industry scheme means your money back if your airline or holiday company go out of business. Companies offering ATOL protection should have details on their website, but check on the Civil Aviation Authority website. www.caa.co.uk/atol-protection
u Flight details: There’s no automatic ATOL protection on flight-only deals. But if your airline goes out of business you can usually claim back the cost on your travel
insurance, along with any other expenses, like an extra night in a hotel. If you don’t have travel insurance, you can claim a refund through your credit card company, if you paid this way.
u Cruises and coach trips: For cruise, coach or rail-based holidays, look for ABTA protection which covers UK tour operators and travel agents. Before booking look for the ABTA logo and membership number, and double check this on the ABTA website. www.abta.com
SUE’S TIPS:
u Buy travel insurance when booking your holiday. It means cancellation cover if you or a family member is seriously ill.
u Shop around for travel insurance, though, as you don’t have to buy it from your holiday company.
u Use your credit card for extra protection. If you pay for anything over £100 on it, you can ask your card company for a refund if things go wrong.

36. By “an off-the-peg package”, the author most probably refers to a package ________.
A. not including insurance B. that is ready-made
C. that can be sold separately D. tailored for a group
37. From Sue’s guide, we can learn that ________.
A. it is safer to book with big holiday companies
B. package travellers can enjoy ATOL protection
C. ABTA protection covers travel agents mainly in Europe
D. it is cheaper to buy travel insurance from a travel agency
38. A couple in their seventies living in London, UK can ________.
A. rent a carpet cleaner from a Library of Things for free
B. get a refund of £99.99 on their credit card for a broken couch
C. enjoy a Sunday dinner at Hungry Horse pubs for less than £5 each
D. choose to play golf in council-run courses costing from £10 each time
39. Which of the following best advertises the column?
A. Holiday in, money out. B. Tips and trips.
C. Save with Sue, live to the full. D. Talk till you book.
【答案】36. B 37. B 38. D 39. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。消费者专家 Sue Hayward 分享暑假旅行预订指南，并给出理性金融建议。
【36题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文中“Book a flight with any other part of your trip, like a hotel or car hire, at the same time and it counts as a package. （同时，在旅行的任何其他部分预订航班，如酒店或租车，这都算是一个套餐。）”可推知，This needn’t mean buying an off-the-peg package. 意思是这并不意味着要买现成的套餐。an off-the-peg package 指“现成的套餐”。A. not including insurance不含保险的；B. that is ready-made现成的；C. that can be sold separately可单独售卖的；D. tailored for a group为团队量身定制的。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“With packages you get ATOL protection.（使用套餐，您可以获得ATOL保护。）”可知，套餐旅行者可享受ATOL保护。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“Golf can sound like an expensive one but no need to pay for stylish clubs. Council-run courses can cost from just £10 a time for two.（高尔夫听起来可能很贵，但不需要花钱买时髦的球杆。委员会开办的课程两人每次只需10英镑。）”可知，住在英国伦敦的一对七十多岁的夫妇可以选择在议会开办的球场打高尔夫球，每次收费10英镑。故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文“Consumer expert Sue Hayward’s sensible finance tips and advice（消费者专家Sue Hayward的理性理财建议）”及“Sue’s Guide To Booking Your Summer Holiday（Sue的暑假预订指南）”可知，本文主要介绍消费者专家Sue Hayward就暑假如何预订旅行给大家提出合理的省钱建议。故D项Save with Sue, live to the full.（和Sue一起省钱，活得充实。）是该专栏最好的广告。故选C。
(B)
In 2001, artist Michael Landy destroyed all his possessions in a work he called Break Down. The exhibition, which was held in an empty department store in central London, cost £100,000 to put on and lasted for two weeks. Landy had spent three years cataloguing the 7,226 separate items.
More than 45,000 people came to watch him and his ten helpers destroy everything he’d ever owned, right down to his last sock, his passport and even his beloved Saab (萨博车).
Many of those who came to the exhibition applauded and encouraged Landy in his two weeks of destruction, but his mother wasn’t one of them. “I had to throw my mum out,” said Landy. “She started crying and I couldn’t handle those emotions. She had to go.”
Many other people were equally upset, especially those in the art world thought it was unacceptable to destroy famous artists’ work. Landy destroyed pieces of art given to him by people such as Tracey Emin and Damien Hirst. But on that point Landy said he felt no guilt. After all, he had destroyed all his own work — a collection that covered 15 years.
Landy said that Break Down was an examination of consumerism — others said it was a case of madness. In fact, a minister and a doctor believed he was mentally ill and offered him counselling. However, Landy’s description of his state of mind at that time was very different. “When I finished, I did feel an incredible sense of freedom,” he said, “the possibility that I could do anything. But the freedom is gradually destroyed by the everyday concerns of life. Life was much simpler when I was on my platform.”
The art world eagerly awaited the destroyed remains of his possessions. Indeed, Landy was supposed to give the sacks of smashed metal, plastic and paper to the people who had given him financial backing for the project, and each sack would have been worth £4,000. But he had a change of heart at the last minute and ended up burying it all.
After the exhibition, offers from galleries all round the world poured in. He was even asked to repeat Break Down in a Brazilian gallery. However, as Landy points out, Break Down was a one-off.
40. When destroying all his possessions, Landy ________.
A. went totally mad B. did not feel regretful
C. was desperately upset D. was very much worried
41. Landy destroyed all his possessions in Break Down in order to ________.
A. show off his enormous fortune
B. break free of his mum’s control
C. express his envy for other artists
D. prove his willpower to live simply
42. What can be learned from the passage about Landy?
A. He merely smashed his own artworks.
B. He suffered a major failure in his career.
C. He would do Break Down again some other time.
D. He had thought about selling the sacks of remains.
【答案】40. B 41. D 42. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了艺术家Michael Landy在一场展览中毁掉了自己所有的物品。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“But on that point Landy said he felt no guilt.(但在这一点上，Landy说他不觉得内疚)”可知，在毁掉所有物品时，Landy不后悔。故选B项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“But the freedom is gradually destroyed by the everyday concerns of life. Life was much simpler when I was on my platform.(但这种自由逐渐被日常生活的关注所破坏。当我在我的平台上时，生活要简单得多)”可知，日常的生活被这种关注所破坏。由此推知，Landy在Break Down这场展览中毁掉所有物品是为了证明他要过简单生活的意志。故选D项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Indeed, Landy was supposed to give the sacks of smashed metal, plastic and paper to the people who had given him financial backing for the project, and each sack would have been worth £4,000.(事实上，Landy应该把这些装着碎金属、塑料和纸张的麻袋给资助他这个项目的人，每袋价值4000英镑)”可知，Landy曾想过卖掉这几袋残骸。故选D项。