2023盐城伍佑中学高二上学期学情调研（一）英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2023盐城伍佑中学高二上学期学情调研（一）英语试卷（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

盐城市伍佑中学
2022/2023学年度秋学期高二年级学情调研(一)
英语试题
时间：120分钟 总分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. Who is the man looking for?
A. Tami. B. Dr. Maxwell. C. Alison Simpson.
2. What will the woman probably do?
A. Call the airline soon.
B. Stay at home for a while.
C. Leave for the airport before lunch.
3. What does the man think of his current book?
A. It’s exciting. B. It’s relaxing. C. It’s long.
4. When does the man hope to see the woman?
A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow night. C. Tomorrow afternoon.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He didn’t put in any sugar.
B. He added some natural flavors.
C. He also thinks the coffee tastes strange.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the woman upset?
A. Her order isn’t ready yet.
B. The man forgot her order.
C. Some guests will be late.
7. At what time will the wedding start?
A. 10：00. B. 10：30. C. 12：00.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Who lived in Los Angeles?
A. The woman’s aunt and uncle.
B. The man’s grandparents.
C. The woman’s parents.
9. What will the speakers do next?
A. Have a picnic. B. Go hiking. C. Try to catch some fish.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did the man study in college?
A. Art history. B. Medicine. C. Business.
11. How do the speakers know each other?
A. They’re neighbors.
B. They’re salesman and customer.
C. They’re teacher and student.
12. What is the man’s advice for the woman?
A. Doing what her father suggests.
B. Exploring all the possibilities.
C. Making a decision as early as possible.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman want to pay?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. With her smartphone.
14. What does the man think of PayPal?
A. It is free. B. It is popular. C. It isn’t very fast.
15. Where is Venmo accepted?
A. At many small shops. B. At most large stores. C. At a lot of restaurants.
16. What does the woman offer to do for the man?
A. Download the app. B. Send him an invitation. C. Lend him some money.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the weather probably like?
A. Hot. B. Dry. C. Rainy.
18. Where did Matt begin his journey?
A. In England. B. In California. C. In Hawaii.
19. How many hours was Matt’s longest flight?
A. Fourteen hours. B. Sixteen hours. C. Sixteen and a half hours.
20. What will Matt do next?
A. Interview someone. B. Share his experiences. C. Plan on another journey.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Things to Do in London This Weekend
Now, some of the most cherished London venues have opened their doors again. Take a look at our lists of exactly what is opening up in London.
Columbia Road Flower Market
The Columbia Road Flower Market is reopening this weekend, but it will be quite different. Stands will be spread out. Nearby roads will be closed and there will be a limit on the number of people who can enter the market. The statement is also calling on locals to support the market but advises people not to visit frequently in order to avoid overcrowding.
Lambeth Country Show
The festival of countryside won' t be held in its usual home of Brock well Park this year. However, it is being taken online instead. All your favourite aspects of the fair will be part of the virtual edition this weekend, including the highly popular Vegetable Sculpture Competition and other usual lower show competitions, local-themed talks, craft market and virtual music performances.
Walthamstow Garden Party
The free two-day festival in E17 is going online this year. Over the weekend you can tune in to music and take part in online workshops from crafting to Tai Chi. Don't miss the highlight of the weekend: East London Radio' s first-ever live show taking place across the weekend with behind-the-scenes chats with local artists, live music from St Mary's Church and much more.
Brixton Courtyard
A new beer garden is opening in Brixton with D sets, wine tastings and more in a safe environment. South London music venue Brixton Jamm has improved its outdoor space with spaced-out booths and picnic benches.
1. What measure will be taken in Columbia Road Flower Market?
A. Canceling the stands
B. Forbidding travelers to visit.
C. Limiting the customer number.
D. Checking the temperature of travelers.
2. What are Lambeth Country Show and the festival in E17 in common?
A. Both are held online. B. Both last for two days.
C. Both include competitions. D. Both present virtual music.
3. Which of the following will you recommend if someone wants to have a drink?
A. Columbia Road Flower Market. B. Lambeth Country Show.
C. Walthamstow Garden Party D. Brixton Courtyard.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文，介绍伦敦一些重新开放的场所。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二自然段中“Nearby roads will be closed and there will be a limit on the number of people who can enter the market.”（附近的道路将被封闭，进入市场的人数也将受到限制。）可知Columbia Road Flower Market重新开放后会限制客流量。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第三自然段中“The festival of countryside won' t be held in its usual home of Brock well Park this year. However, it is being taken online instead.”（今年的乡村音乐节不会在布洛克威尔公园举行。然而，它被放到了网上。）和第四自然段中“The free two-day festival in E17 is going online this year.”（今年，E17两天免费的音乐节将在网上直播。）可知Lambeth Country Show 和the festival in E17都将转到网络上。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第五自然段中“A new beer garden is opening in Brixton with D sets, wine tastings and more in a safe environment.”（一个新的啤酒花园在布里克斯顿开放，你可以在这个安全的环境里品尝葡萄酒和做一些其它事情。）可知在Brixton Courtyard可以品尝葡萄酒，如果有人想喝一杯，你会推荐Brixton Courtyard。故选D项。
B
“Instagram (a social networking app) will cut out many users’ accounts on December 20. To protect your account, repost this warning #KeepMyAccountSafe.” Every few months, it happens again — dozens of annoying posts from my kids’ friends suddenly start to appear on my Instagram news feed.
According to a new study by Stanford University, most kids don’t know what news is false. Researchers asked more than 7,800 middle school and high school students to complete 56 tasks, like distinguishing an advertisement from a real news story on a website and determining which blog in a series was most reliable. They found that students judged the credibility of blogs based not on the source of the material, but on how much detail they contained, or whether a large photo was attached.
“Many people assume that because young people are fluent in social media, they can distinguish fake news, but our work shows the opposite to be true,” wrote the lead study author Sam Wineburg, a professor at Stanford’s Graduate School of Education.
Both Google and Facebook are now taking steps to prevent misleading news from making its way on their platforms, but they won’t be able to eliminate it completely. That is why it’s now more important than ever to teach our kids to think critically when it comes to believing various information sources.
“In the coming months, we look forward to sharing our assessments and working with educators to create materials that will guide young people in the sea of disinformation they encounter online,” said Wineburg.
4. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage?
A. By stating opinions. B. By citing sayings.
C. By quoting a post. D. By showing findings.
5. According to researchers, what determines the credibility of online information?
A. The size of relevant photos B. The popularity of the website.
C. The amount of detail. D. The source of the material.
6. What does the underlined word “eliminate” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Update. B. Remove. C. Estimate. D. Digest.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Stronger Together: The Internet Changes Our Life
B. Reliable News Has No Place on Social Media
C. Be Careful: Kids Are Bad at Identifying Fake News
D. Educators Have a Long Way to Go to Guide the Young.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，大多数孩子不知道什么新闻是假的。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现，研究人员指出应当教我们的孩子在相信各种信息来源时进行批判性思考。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Instagram (a social networking app) will cut out many users’ accounts on December 20. To protect your account, repost this warning #KeepMyAccountSafe.’ Every few months, it happens again — dozens of annoying posts from my kids’ friends suddenly start to appear on my Instagram news feed. (“社交网络应用Instagram将于12月20日关闭许多用户的账户。为了保护您的账户，请转发此警告#KeepMyAccountSafe。” 每隔几个月，这种事情就会再次发生——来自孩子的朋友们的几十条烦人帖子会出现在我的Instagram动态中)”可推知，在第一段中作者通过引用自己Instagram动态中出现的一些说法来引入文章的主题。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“According to a new study by Stanford University, most kids don’t know what news is false.(根据斯坦福大学的一项新研究，大多数孩子不知道什么新闻是假的)”和“They found that students judged the credibility of blogs based not on the source of the material, but on how much detail they contained, or whether a large photo was attached.(他们发现，学生们判断博客的可信度不是基于材料的来源，而是基于它们包含多少细节，或者是否附有一张大照片)”可知，研究人员认为，大多数孩子不知道什么新闻是假的，是因为他们判断博客的可信度不是基于材料的来源，由此推知，决定网络信息可信度的是材料的来源。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Both Google and Facebook are now taking steps to control misleading news from making its way on their platforms, but they won’t be able to eliminate it completely. (谷歌和Facebook现在都在采取措施控制误导新闻在他们的平台上传播，但他们不可能完全eliminate它) ”中but可知，上下文有转折，虽然谷歌和Facebook在采取措施控制误导新闻的传播，但不可能完全消除这些新闻。画线词eliminate意思为“消除”，与remove意思相近。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“According to a new study by Stanford University, most kids don’t know what news is fake.(根据斯坦福大学的一项新研究，大多数孩子不知道什么新闻是假的)”可知，文章介绍了斯坦福大学的研究发现，大多数孩子不知道什么新闻是假的，并分析了原因，给出了建议。由此推知，B选项“小心：孩子们不擅长识别假新闻”是文章最佳标题。故选C。
C
Perhaps you have seen them, those who fall asleep on the subway and then, somehow, wake up exactly at their stop. Perhaps you are one of them. How is this possible? We spoke to two doctors, who offered their insights about it.
It is possible that your body gets used to waking up at a certain point each time during your commute, said Dr. Marc I. Leavey, a primary-care specialist in Maryland. That holds especially true if you commute at the same time every day. This suggests that if you were to get on at a different time, or if the journey were delayed, your internal clock might not wake you up at your stop. It is an interesting theory, but Dr. Ronald Chervin, director of Michigan Medicine’s Sleep Disorders Centers, does not fully buy it. He is skeptical that circadian rhythms can also explain why you wake up after a brief nap.
You are also likely to wake up for your particular stop because of an oral cue, such as the conductor stating the name of the subway stop over the public-address system. Such cues alert your brain that you have arrived, explained Dr Leavey. According to a study published in the Public Library of Science, during sleep, our brain reacts differently when we hear our own name and other people’s names, noted Dr Chervin. This suggests that your brain does not turn off during sleep, which makes it possible to pick up on the announcement of your stop.
Another reasonable possibility: You may wake up at each stop, check if it is yours, and go back to sleep, all without having remembered it, added Dr. Chervin. He sees this in cases where patients are suffering from sleep apnea. They may wake up as many as 200 times during a single night, without having remembered a single instance. That’s because they fall right back asleep before their brain has time to process their experience into long-term memory. Similarly, you could be waking up every time you hear a new stop called. But you just don’t remember such instances even after you fully come awake for your stop—leading you to believe that you have slept the whole way through and miraculously woken up at the right time.
8. According to Dr Leavey, which of the following might wake you up at your stop?
A. Sense of time. B. Sleep apnea. C. Internal clock. D. Oral communication.
9. What does the underlined expression “doesn’t fully buy it” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. He can’t agree more. B. He can’t catch it well.
C. He doesn’t like it at all. D. He doesn’t totally believe it.
10. How will our brain react when we hear our name called during sleep?
A. Actively. B. Passively. C. Differently. D. Casually.
11. How does Dr. Chervin explain his findings in the last paragraph?
A By introducing a concept. B. By making a comparison.
C. By using an expert’s words. D. By referring to another study.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。生活中一些人在地铁上睡着了，然后不知怎么的，在他们到站的时候醒来。对此，Marc I. Leavey和Ronald Chervin两位专家给出了各自的解释。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is possible that your body gets used to waking up at a certain point each time during your commute, said Dr. Marc I. Leavey, a primary-care specialist in Maryland. That holds especially true if you commute at the same time every day. This suggests that if you were to get on at a different time, or if the journey were delayed, your internal clock might not wake you up at your stop. (马里兰州的初级保健专家Marc I. Leavey医生说，有可能你的身体已经习惯了在通勤途中每次的特定时间醒来。如果你每天都在同一时间通勤，这一点尤其正确。 这表明，如果你在不同的时间上车，或者旅途被延误，你的生物钟可能不会在你到站时叫醒你)”可知，Leavey医生认为生物钟可能会在你到站时叫醒你。故选C。
【9题详解】
句意猜测题。根据画线词后文“He is skeptical that circadian rhythms can also explain why you wake up after a brief nap.”可知，Chervin博士对为什么小睡后会醒来持怀疑态度，可见他并不完全相信Leavey医生认为生物钟可能会在到站时唤醒人的说法。故画线部分意思是“他并不完全相信”。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to a study published in the Public Library of Science, during sleep, our brain reacts differently when we hear our own name and other people’s names, noted Dr Chervin. This suggests that your brain does not turn off during sleep, which makes it possible to pick up on the announcement of your stop.( Chervin博士指出，根据发表在《科学公共图书馆》上的一项研究，在睡眠期间，当我们听到自己的名字和别人的名字时，大脑的反应是不同的。这表明你的大脑在睡觉时并没有停止工作，这使得你有可能听到你停下来的通知)”可知，当我们在睡眠中听到自己的名字时，我们的大脑会有积极的反应。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He sees this in cases where patients are suffering from sleep apnea. They may wake up as many as 200 times during a single night, without having remembered a single instance. That’s because they fall right back asleep before their brain has time to process their experience into long-term memory. Similarly, you could be waking up every time you hear a new stop called. But you just don’t remember such instances even after you fully come awake for your stop—leading you to believe that you have slept the whole way through and miraculously woken up at the right time.(他在患有睡眠呼吸暂停的病人身上看到了这种情况。他们可能在一个晚上醒来多达200次，却不记得任何事情。这是因为他们在大脑有时间将他们的经历加工成长期记忆之前就睡着了。 类似地，你可能会在每次听到一个新的停止的声音时醒来。但你就是不记得这样的事情，即使在你完全清醒后停止——这让你相信你已经睡了整个过程，然后奇迹般地在正确的时间醒来)”可推知，Chervin博士在最后一段通过比较解释了他的发现。故选B。
D
Hundreds of millions have rolled up their sleeves for the COVID-19 vaccine, but why haven’t they rolled up their pants instead? What’s the science behind why we get most vaccines in our arm?
Most vaccines are given in the muscle—this is known as an intramuscular injection (肌肉注射). Some vaccines, are given orally. Others are given just beneath the skin.
But why is the muscle so important and does location matter?
Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration (药物的施用) site because muscle tissue contains important immune cells. These immune cells recognize the antigen(抗原), a tiny piece of a virus or bacteria introduced by the vaccine that stimulates an immune response. In the case of the COVID-19 vaccine the immune cells in the muscle tissue pick up these antigens and present them to the lymph nodes(淋巴结). Injecting the vaccine into muscle tissue keeps the vaccine localized, allowing immune cells to sound the alarm to other immune cells and get to work. Once a vaccine is recognized by the immune cells in the muscle, these cells carry the antigen to lymph vessels, which transport the antigen-carrying immune cells into the lymph nodes. Lymph nodes, important parts of our immune system, contain more immune cells that recognize the antigens in vaccines and start the immune process of creating antibodies.
Muscle tissue also tends to keep vaccine reactions localized. Injecting a vaccine into the deltoid (三角肌) muscle may result in local inflammation(发炎) or soreness at the injection site. If certain vaccines are injected into fat issue, the chance of painful redness or swelling increases because fat tissue has poor blood supply, leading to poor absorption of some vaccine components.
Yet another deciding factor in vaccine administration location is the size of the muscle. Adults and children aged three and older tend to receive vaccines in their upper arm in the deltoid. Younger children receive their vaccines mid-thigh(大腿) because their arm muscles are smaller and less developed.
Another consideration during vaccine administration is convenience and patient acceptability. Can you imagine taking down your pants at a clinic with strangers around? Rolling up your sleeve is much easier and more preferred.
12. How many reasons are mentioned for the vaccines given in the muscle?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
13. Why do muscles make a good vaccine administration site?
A. Muscles can easily recognize bacteria.
B. Muscle tissue stimulates immune responses.
C. Muscle tissue contains vital immune cells.
D. Muscles can prevent reproduction of viruses.
14. What could be a result of injecting vaccines into fat issues?
A. Poor blood supply. B. Better absorption.
C. Rapid fat loss. D. Local pain.
15. Where is the passage most likely taken from?
A. an advertisement B. a journal
C. a speech D. a novel
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了打疫苗为什么选择在胳膊上。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration (药物的施用) site because muscle tissue contains important immune cells Thee immune cells recognize the antigen.（肌肉是完美的疫苗药物的施用地方，因为肌肉包含重要的免疫细胞。这些免疫细胞能够辨认抗原）”第五段第一句“Muscle tissue also tends to keep vaccine reactions localized. （肌肉组织也趋向于保持疫苗反应局部化）”第六段第一句“Yet another deciding factor in vaccine administration location is the size of the muscle. （另外一个决定疫苗施用的位置是肌肉的尺寸）”和第七段第一句“Another consideration during vaccine administration is convenience and patient acceptability.（还有一个考虑的是便利和病人的接受性）”可知，疫苗注射在肌肉上有四个原因。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration (药物的施用) site because muscle tissue contains important immune cells.（肌肉是很好的疫苗注射部位，因为肌肉组织含有重要的免疫细胞。）”可知，肌肉是很好的注射部位是因为肌肉组织含有重要的免疫细胞。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“If certain vaccines are injected into fat issue, the chance of painful redness or swelling increases because fat tissue has poor blood supply, leading to poor absorption of some vaccine components.（如果在脂肪组织中注射特定的疫苗，由于脂肪组织供血不足，导致对某些疫苗成分的吸收不良，导致疼痛的红肿几率增加。）”可知，向脂肪组织注射疫苗会导致局部疼痛。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hundreds of millions have rolled up their sleeves for the COVID-19 vaccine, but why haven’t they rolled up their pants instead? What’s the science behind why we get most vaccines in our arm?（数亿人已经挽起袖子接种COVID-19疫苗，但他们为什么不挽起裤子呢?为什么我们手臂上注射的疫苗最多？这背后的科学是什么？）”结合文章主要说明了为什么要在肌肉组织中注射疫苗的原因以及决定接种部位的因素等。可推知，这篇文章很可能摘自一本医疗期刊。故选B项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It happens all the time-you are standing on a bus, listening to music, when you feel someone's breath on the back of your neck. You think to yourself: Is this person getting too close to me? The answer is yes. Everyone has a sense of personal space.____16____
According to a new study, the size of the space is different for different people,____17____reported Los Angeles Times. In the study, researchers from University College of London asked volunteers to hold their hands at different distances from their face. They then gave them an electric shock on their hand while measuring how often the volunteers blinked. The more they blinked(眨眼),___18___
The results among volunteers were a little different but the average personal space was 20 to 40 centimeters. Researchers also found that the more anxious a person was, the larger their personal space was because they were more sensitive.
Besides psychological factors,___19___. For example, a person who grew up in a country that hugs a lot has less of a problem with strangers getting too close than a person who grew up in one with more distance between people.
___20___"If you are chatting to someone in your living room, you won't have a large safety margin(界限)at all," explained researcher Gian Domenico Iannetti. "But if you are walking through a dangerous area, then that will be much bigger." Sadly, sometimes people just don't understand the idea of personal space and keep getting into yours. Whenever that happens, rather than trying to step backwards, researchers suggest that you "create a new space" by turning to wave at someone passing by or to get something out of your bag.
A. But how big is this space?
B. it shows that they are worried about their hands.
C. the more of a threat they felt the shock was to their face.
D. but generally it is between 20 to 40 centimeters in front of the face.
E. culture is also thought to be able to change your personal space.
F People's senses of personal space also depend on the environments they are in.
G. It is clear that people's senses of personal space is considered to be very important.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在一些公共社交场合中，你是否有时会觉得他人和自己靠的太近，从而在心理上感到不适。其实，这是因为，他侵入了你的“个人空间”。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Everyone has a sense of personal space.”（每个人都有个人空间感。）和下文“According to a new study, the size of the space is different for different people”（根据一项新的研究，空间的大小对不同的人是不同的）可知，设空处承上启下，询问空间的大小。A项：But how big is this space?（但是这个空间有多大呢？）符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“According to a new study, the size of the space is different for different people”（根据一项新的研究，空间的大小对不同的人是不同的）可知，设空处跟具体的大小有关，D项：but generally it is between 20 to 40 centimeters in front of the face.（但通常是在面部前方20到40厘米之间。）符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据句型“the more...... the more…...”可知句意：眨眼的频率越高，说明他们认为电击对自己面部的威胁程度越高。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上句的besides...和下句中的also...可知：“除了心理因素之外，文化也被认为能够影响个人空间的大小。”以及接下来所谈到的不同文化的空间感，E项：culture is also thought to be able to change your personal space.（文化也被认为能够改变你的个人空间。）符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
设空处是本段的主题句。根据下文“"If you are chatting to someone in your living room, you won't have a large safety margin at all," explained researcher Gian Domenico Iannetti. "But if you are walking through a dangerous area, then that will be much bigger." （研究人员Gian Domenico Iannetti解释说:“如果你在客厅里和某人聊天，你根本就没有很大的安全极限。”“但如果你正穿过一个危险区域，那就会大得多。”） 可知，人们对不同环境下空间概念不同，F项：People's senses of personal space also depend on the environments they are in.（人们的个人空间感也取决于他们所处的环境。）符合语境。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While washing dishes, I sometimes look into the kitchen window of our neighbour’s house. Our kitchen is always ____21____ but our neighbours, two young men whom I only know in passing, never seem to turn on their light. Once as I was washing apples, my eyes ____22____ Shadow gave way to shape. Then I ____23____ them — head bent, pouring the pickle (腌菜) juice from an empty jar.
On the first Saturday of the COVID-19 lockdown, I wanted to be a good ____24____ to them. The pandemic seemed to be getting worse. I ____25____ what the weeks and months ahead might look like. Our family have been trying to take the idea of “love the neighbour” ____26____ , and sometimes that does literally mean the person living next door, ____27____ you’ve only met them from the kitchen window.
So I made a sign reading “Have a nice day!” and stuck it on my kitchen window. A while later, a sign appeared on their window with a ____28____ for us. “Thank you. You too!”
We went on like this for a few days and I thought of how this would be a nice story for us all: ____29____ by signs and moving from strangers to good friends. _____30_____ around Day 5, I posted a line of a Mary Oliver poem, and that was the _____31_____ of that. Maybe I was showing off, so I stopped. However, a week later, when I went out to quiet our yelling dog, I saw one of the guys. “Sorry, we didn’t find a _____32_____ ,” he said. “We meant to,” he added. “And then we never _____33_____ .” “That’s okay,” I replied. And we both went back inside.
It is so _____34_____ to be a good neighbour now. We can’t _____35_____ and knock on a door, or even lend things. After this is all over, I have decided I will invite all our neighbours over for dinner. I can’t be a neighbour now, but I can be a neighbour then. The pandemic will have knitted us together like an old worn sock and we’ll stay that way.
21. A. lit up B. mounted up C. sprang up D. fixed up
22. A. glared B. adjusted C. choked D. closed
23. A. admired B. absorbed C. called D. saw
24. A. guide B. doctor C. assistant D. neighbour
25. A. asked B. doubted C. worried D. found
26. A. normally B. lightly C. seriously D. carefully
27. A. as though B. so that C. in case D. even if
28. A. proposal B. letter C. gift D. message
29. A. writing B. communicating C. congratulating D. investigating
30. A. Everywhere B. Anywhere C. Somewhere D. Nowhere
31. A. puzzle B. cause C. chart D. end
32. A. poem B. passage C. politics D. proverb
33. A. tried B. did C. needed D. wrote
34. A. hard B. interesting C. annoying D. lucky
35. A. cut in B. show up C. look out D. come about
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了疫情期间两位邻居用写标牌进行交流的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的厨房总是亮着灯，但我们的邻居，我只是打过照面的两个年轻人，似乎从不开灯。A. lit up点亮；B. mounted up增长；C. sprang up出现；D. fixed up修理，解决。根据连词but可知上下文有转折关系，下文讲邻居家的厨房似乎从不开灯，而上文讲作者家的厨房总是亮着灯，构成转折关系。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次我洗苹果的时候，我的眼睛适应了光线。A. glared怒目而视；B. adjusted适应；C. choked窒息；D. closed关闭。根据下文“Shadow gave way to shape.”可知，作者看到邻居厨房里的人影，由此可知，他的眼睛适应了光线。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到他们低着头，从空罐子里倒泡菜汁。A. admired 钦佩；B. absorbed吸收；C. called称呼；D. saw看见。根据下文“head bent, pouring the pickle (腌菜) juice from an empty jar.”可知，作者看到邻居在干什么。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在COVID-19封锁的第一个周六，我想和他们成为好邻居。A. guide向导；B. doctor医生；C. assistant助手；D. neighbour邻居。根据下文“Our family have been trying to take the idea of ‘love the neighbour’ 　　6　　,”可知，作者一家希望在疫情期间做个好邻居。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心未来几周或几个月的情况。A. asked询问；B. doubted怀疑；C. worried担心；D. found发现。根据上文“The pandemic seemed to be getting worse”可知，情况不容乐观，作者担心接下来的情况。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们家一直试图认真对待“爱你的邻居”这一理念，有时这确实指的是住在隔壁的人，即使你只是从厨房的窗户里见过他们。A. normally正常地；B. lightly轻轻地；C. seriously认真地；D. carefully仔细地。固定搭配take sth seriously表示“把某事当真，对某事很认真”，根据前面说“我”想做个好邻居可知，这里是“我”是认真的，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们家一直试图认真对待“爱你的邻居”这一理念，有时这确实指的是住在隔壁的人，即使你只是从厨房的窗户里见过他们。A. as though似乎；B. so that以至于；C. in case万一；D. even if即使。根据前后句的句意可知，上下文有转折有关系，即使你只能每天通过厨房的窗户看到对方，但作者一家仍认真践行“爱你的邻居”这一理念，用even if引导让步状语从句。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，他们的窗户上出现了一块牌子，上面写着给我们的信息。A. proposal提议；B. letter信；C. gift礼物；D. message信息。根据下文“Thank you, You too! ”可知，这是传达给我们的信息，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们就这样持续了几天，我想这对我们所有人来说将是一个多么美好的故事：用信息牌交流，从陌生人变成好朋友。A. writing写；B. communicating交流；C. congratulating祝贺；D. investigating调查。根据上文“So I made a sign reading ‘Have a nice day!’ and stuck it on my kitchen window.”和“a sign appeared on their window with a 　　8　　 for us. ‘Thank you. You too!’”可知，作者与邻居在牌子上写字交流，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：大概在第五天的时候，我贴了玛丽·奥利弗的一行诗，交流就这样结束了。A. Everywhere到处；B. Anywhere任何地方；C. Somewhere在某处，到某处；D. Nowhere没有地方。固定搭配somewhere around表示“大约……”，这里是表示大约第五天的时候，给选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大概在第五天的时候，我贴了玛丽·奥利弗的诗一行，交流就这样结束了。A. puzzle疑惑；B. cause原因；C. chart图表；D. end结束。根据下文“I stopped”以及邻居解释了没有再回复的原因可知，作者贴了玛丽·奥利弗的诗后，交流结束了。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对不起，我们没有找到诗。A. poem诗歌；B. passage文章；C. politics政治；D. proverb谚语。根据上文可知，作者选了一句诗，邻居没有回复，因为他们没能找到一首回应的诗，因此是poem。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们根本找不到这首诗。A. tried尝试；B. did做；C. needed需要；D. wrote写。根据上文可知，邻居没有回复是因为他们没能“找到一首回应的诗”，本句中用did来代替found a poem。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在做个好邻居真不容易。A. hard艰难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. annoying令人气恼的；D. lucky幸运的。根据下文“We can’t　　15　　 and knock on a door, or even lend things.”可知，在疫情期间根本没有与领导接触的机会，所以要做一个好邻居是很困难的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们不能出现，不能敲门，甚至不能出借东西。A. cut in插话；B. show up出现；C. look out向外看；D. come about发生。根据“knock on a door, or even lend things”可知，这里是我们没法出现在彼此面前。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Flower arrangement is the ____36____ (combine) of several elements to produce visually pleasing display of fresh, silk, or dried flowers. General design principles include unbalance, and harmony, ____37____ often involves the use of light, space, and accent. Different parts of the world use ____38____ (vary) design techniques for flower arrangement.
The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement, originally ____39____ (serve) as offerings at temples and decorations in the palace, has survived over the centuries. “With a history of more than 3,000 years, the image of flower arrangement sometimes is still limited bunches of flowers in flower shops.” Zhang Yan, ____40____ master of the art, said.
In recent years Zhang has been devotedly popularizing the traditional flower arrangement, hoping people will be familiar ____41____ the art, take pride in its centuries-old history and hold an ability ____42____ (appreciate) the beauty in life.
In Zhang’s view, Chinese traditional flower arrangement is not only a decoration, ____43____ a form of psychological treatment for modern busy bees. The art emphasizes simplicity, and the arranger must decide on ____44____ is truly necessary in his or her work and life. The healing effect of the art _____45_____ (realize) when the arranger comes to terms with what they truly want.
【答案】36. combination
37. which 38. various
39. serving
40. a 41. with
42. to appreciate
43. but 44. what
45. will be realized
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国传统艺术插花以及艺术家张岩对于这门艺术的推广。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：插花是一些元素的组合，以产生视觉上令人愉悦的新鲜花朵、丝花或干花。根据横线前的the以及后面的of可知这里填一个名词，combination“组合，结合”符合题意，作表语。故填combination。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一般的设计原则包括不平衡和和谐，这会经常涉及到光线、空间和点缀的使用。根据句子成分分析，这里是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design principles，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which将先行词代入从句中作主语。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：世界上不同的地方使用不同的插花设计技术。根据后面的名词design techniques可知横线上需要一个形容词来修饰，various“不同的，多种多样的”符合题意。故填various。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国传统插花艺术，最初是作为寺庙的供品和宫殿的装饰，已经流传了几个世纪。根据句子成分分析，句子的主语是The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement，谓语动词是has survived，这里的serve是非谓语，作定语，与其逻辑主语The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填serving。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“在3000多年的历史中，插花的形象有时仍然是花店里有限的几束花。”一位艺术大师张岩说道。根据句意，可数名词master表示“一位艺术大师”，泛指，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：近年来，张一直致力于推广传统插花，希望人们将会熟悉这门艺术，为其悠久的历史感到自豪，并拥有一种欣赏生活中的美丽的能力。be familiar with是固定短语，意为“对……熟悉”。故填with。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：近年来，张一直致力于推广传统插花，希望人们将会熟悉这门艺术，为其悠久的历史感到自豪，并拥有一种欣赏生活中的美丽的能力。ability是一个抽象名词，后面常用不定式作后置定语，the ability to do...意为“……的能力”。故填to appreciate。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：在张伟看来，中国传统插花不仅仅是一种装饰，更是一种对现代忙碌工作者的心理治疗。not only…but (also)…为复合连词，意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这一艺术强调简单，插花者必须决定什么是他或她的工作和生活中真正必要的。根据句子成分分析，横线之后是介词on后面的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用连接代词what引导该宾语从句，表示“(真正必要的)事情”。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：当插花者与他们真正想要的达成一致，艺术的治愈效果就会实现。分析句子可知，realize是主句中谓语动词，与主语The healing effect之间是被动关系；时间状语从句中使用一般现在时态，根据“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时。故填will be realized。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据提示，在空白处填入单词的正确形式。
46. _________ (释放) the nuclear waste water into the sea is extremely dangerous, which affects both humans and animals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Releasing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将核废水释放到海洋中是极其危险的，这对人类和动物都有影响。根据句意和汉语提示，应填动词release“释放”，“(释放) the nuclear waste water into the sea”作主语，故release用动名词形式，故填Releasing。
47. A terrible fire broke out suddenly, causing serious damage and it is currently under further ________(调查).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】investigation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一场可怕的火灾突然发生，造成了严重的损失，目前正在进一步调查中。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处应填名词investigation作介词under的宾语，表示“调查”。故填investigation。
48. Before you present a speech, please try to express your point of view _______(准确). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】accurately##precisely##exactly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在你发表演讲之前，请尽量准确地表达你的观点。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处应填副词accurately/precisely/exactly作状语，表示“准确地”，修饰动词express。故填accurately/precisely/exactly。
49. If you give _________(优先事项) to something or someone, you treat them as more important than anything or anyone else. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】priority
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你优先考虑某事或某人，你会把他们看得比任何事或任何人都重要。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，give priority to为固定搭配，表示“优先考虑”，所以空处应填名词priority，作动词give的宾语，表示“优先事项”。故填priority。
50. You must have a natural________(curious) about things that are happening, even though they may appear to be minor matters. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你必须对正在发生的事情有一种天生的好奇心，即使它们看起来是小事。根据句意和空格前冠词a可知，应填入单数名词curiosity，作宾语，意为“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
51. Facing two obviously __________(contradict) statements, we were at a loss about what to do. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contradictory
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：面对两个明显矛盾的说法，我们不知所措。分析句子可知，空处修饰名词statements作定语，应填形容词contradictory，表示“对立的，矛盾的”。故填contradictory。
52. When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own, the coach will__________ (真正地，确实) throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】literally#indeed
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：当一名拳击手输得很惨，太累或太困惑而不能自己放弃时，教练确实会向拳击场扔一条毛巾以结束比赛。分析句子可知，句中“throw”为动词，前面应用副词修饰，根据汉语提示“真正地，确实”可知，空格处应用“literally”，意为“真正地，确实地”，副词词性，在句中作状语，也可用indeed表示“确实”，故填literally/indeed。
53. I refused the invitation _________(automatic) when he extended it to me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】automatically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：当他向我发出邀请时，我不假思索地拒绝了。分析句子可知，空处应填副词automatically作状语，修饰动词refused ，表示“不假思索地”。故填automatically。
54. What impresses me most is his ________（投入） to sponsoring the charity. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】commitment##dedication##devotion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作表语，根据汉语提示“投入”，不可数名词commitment/dedication/devotion符合题意。故填commitment/dedication/devotion
55. People waited outside for the chance to see some________(名人).
【答案】celebrities
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们在外面等着看一些名人的机会。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词celebrity，可数名词，由some修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填celebrities。
第四节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
从下面几个单词或短语中，选择最适当的五个填入横线，注意单词或短语的正确形式和适当搭配 (可加介词或副词)。
sum, oppose, accuse, mount up, bring…back to life, take one’s place,
keep…in perspective, get across, make a hit

56. ________, it’s because of his commitment to education that he earns the local people’s respect.
57. He felt angry when he was________ theft.
58. No one predicted this online drama would________ then; however, now it enjoys great popularity.
59. My sister was ill, so I________ as the head of the company.
60. When asked why the experiment failed, he________ the issue________.
【答案】56. In sum
57. accused of
58. make a hit
59. took her place
60. ①. got ②. across
【解析】
【分析】从下面几个单词或短语中，选择最适当的五个填入横线，注意单词或短语的正确形式和适当搭配 (可加介词或副词)。
【56题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：总而言之，正是因为他对教育的投入，他才赢得了当地人的尊重。句中对他赢得尊重的原因进行了总结，用介词短语in sum，意为“总而言之”，符合句意；句首单词首字母大写。故填In sum。
【57题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：当他被指控偷窃时，他感到很生气。根据“He felt angry”和“theft”可推知，他被指控偷窃，感到很生气，动词accuse意为“指控”，常与介词of连用，表示“……被指控……”用be accused of...。故填accused of。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：当时没有人预料到这部网络剧会大受欢迎;然而，现在它很受欢迎。根据“however, now it enjoys great popularity.”可知，之前没预料到这部网络剧取得了成功；动词短语make a hit，意为“获得成功”，符合句意，在情态动词后用动词原形。故填make a hit。
【59题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我姐姐病了，所以我代替她当公司的领导。根据“My sister was ill”可知，姐姐病了，我代替了她的位置；动词短语take one’s place，意为“取代某人”，符合句意，“取代姐姐”，用take her place；讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填took her place。
【60题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：当被问及实验为什么失败时，他把问题说清楚了。根据“asked why the experiment failed”可知，他要解释清楚实验为什么失败；动词短语get across，意为“把……讲清楚”，符合句意；作主句谓语动词，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填①got；②across。
第四部分 应用文写作(满分20分)
61. 由于废气、污水、白色垃圾等环境污染已危及到人类的健康与生存，为鼓励大家节能环保，你们学校将举办一次“低碳行动”的环保活动，请以学生会的名义向全校同学发起“低碳生活”的倡议，以下是倡议的内容：
1.尽量绿色出行：采取步行或自行车方式；
2.少喝一次瓶装水；
3.尽量不用一次性的（disposable）产品，如一次性木筷子和塑料袋；
4.每周少用电视和手机一天。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear friends,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】Dear friends,
In order to encourage us to save energy and protect our environment, I’m going to make the following suggestions.
First, I suggest that we should walk or take bikes if we go out. Second, we can reduce the use of bottled water and unrecyclable items, such as disposable chopsticks and plastic bags. Besides, if we can turn off our TVs and mobile phones for one day every week, it will be of great benefit to saving energy.
I believe everyone should take responsibility to protect our environment Let’s take action now.
The Students’ Union
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以学生会的名义向全校同学发起“低碳生活”的倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
手机：cell phone→mobile phone
有益的：be of great benefit→beneficial
此外：in addition→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to encourage us to save energy and protect our environment, I’m going to make the following suggestions.
拓展句：I’m going to make the following suggestions, whose aim is to encourage us to save energy and protect our environment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] First, I suggest that we should walk or take bikes if we go out. (运用了虚拟语气)
[高分句型2] Besides, if we can turn off our TVs and mobile phones for one day every week, it will be of great benefit to saving energy. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)