英语高考专题：14主谓一致讲解，PPT

这是一份英语高考专题：14主谓一致讲解，PPT，共31页。PPT课件主要包含了are，has，have，were，hashave，includes，lies，waswere，was，高考链接等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Subject---Verb Agreement
主谓一致的三个原则:语法一致、就近原则、意义一致
Summarize the rules f subject-verb agreement:
1.由and连接两个名词或代词做主语
A and B 表示不同的人、物或观念, 谓语动词用复数Fire and water ______(d) nt agree.Bth bread and butter ______(be) the necessaries f life.A, B表示同一个人、物或观念，谓语动词用单数Bread and butter (=Buttered bread) ____(be) a nutritius fd fr patients.The wrker and writer ____(be) frm Wuhan.那个工人兼作家 The wrker and the writer _____(be) frm Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家 The irn and steel industry _____(be) f great imprtance t the natinal ecnmy.
A watch and chainA knife and frkA needle and threadA cup and saucerTruth and hnestyTime and tideThe wear and tearLaw and rder
一块带链的表一副刀叉一套针线一套碟子茶杯真诚岁月磨损，消耗治安
2. A, B 之前有each, every, many a, n…等修饰
当and连接几个单数主语，主语由each, every, n, many a 等修饰时，谓语动词用单数Each by and (each) girl ____ invited.N by and (n) girl____ there nw.Every desk and (every) chair ___ made f wd. Many a by and (many a) girl_____ been invited.
ne/every ne /each/either +f+可数名词复数,谓语用一般用单数 Each f the students _____ a bk. Each student_________ a bk. The students each _____ a bk. The students _____ a bk each.由every, any, sme, n构成的不定代词 everyne, everybdy, everything, anybdy, anyne, anything, smene, smebdy, smething… 谓语动词一般用单数Everyne f them _____ a bk.
3.由r; nt nly…but (als)…;either…r…; neither…nr连接主语时
谓语动词的人称和数与靠近的主语一致（就近原则）
Either yu r I _____mad.Neither yu nr he ____naughty.Nt nly the farmer but als his family _____ friendly t me.
4.A 谓语动词与第一个主语A保持一致All but ne ______(be) here just nw.A library with five thusand bks ___(be) ffered t the natin as a gift.A peasant tgether with sme sldiers ____(be) abut t help us.
withalng withtgether withbesidesbutexceptincludingas well asrather than
5. 某些以-s结尾的，表示学科名称的词：physics, plitics, mathematics,以及news, plastics(塑料) 一般用单数形式。Physics ____ very difficult.Plastics ____ a kind f matter.
6. means(方式，方法), series, species, wrks (工厂)等本身单复数同形，谓语动词视其含义是单数还是复数而定。Every pssible means _____ been tried.All pssible means ______ been tried.The steel wrks ________been clsed dwn.
7. 集体名词作主语时
1)表示无生命的集体名词，如：clthing，jewellery, machinery, petry等作主语时，谓语动词常常用单数。New machinery ___ prduced in the factry last mnth.2)有生命的集体名词，如: plice, cattle, peple, yuth 虽然形式是单数，但是谓语动词常需用复数。The plice ____ searching fr the thief.The cattle ____ grazing in the field.
3)由人组成的集体名词，如：family, class, gvernment, grup, army, team, enemy, public，audience, staff, cmmittee等用作主语时，如果作为一个整体看，动词用单数形式；如果看作整体中的各个成员，动词用复数形式。Our grup ____ (be) all ging t visit the chimps in the frest.Our grup ________ (include) six bys and five girls.Exercise P5
8. 以-s结尾的专有名词，表示国家、城市、人名、书名、报纸、杂志及组织等的名称作主语时，通常当作整体看待，动词用单数形式。The United States ____ (lie) in Nrth America.The Philippines ___ (be) ur friendly natin.The New Yrk Times ____(be) read all ver the United States.
9. 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、容量、温度等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作一个整体，动词用单数形式。Tw hurs ____ (be) nt lng enugh fr this wrk.Eighty miles _____(be) quite a distance.Five thusand dllars ____(be) unreasnable price fr that used car.
10. the＋adj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the ld, the yung, the rich, the pr等;the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the beautiful, the gd等The ld ____ taken gd care f in ur sciety.The rich ____ fr the decisin but the pr are against it.The wunded _________ taken t a hspital.The beautiful ____nt always the same as the gd.
11. 动名词、不定式、从句作主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数
T see ___ t believe.Swimming ____ a gd way t keep healthy.Wh is her father ____ nt knwn.
12. 分数或百分数+f+不可数名词或单数名词－动词用单数 分数或百分数+f+复数名词——谓语动词用复数
Ten percent f the pupils _____ absent tday.Three-furths f the surface f the earth ____ sea.13. A (great) number f +可数名词复数，谓语复数The number f +可数名词复数，谓语单数
14. 由there或here引起的句子，如果有两个以上的主语，谓语动词一般和邻近的那个主语一致（就近原则）There ____ an apple, a pear, and a bunch f grapes n the table.Here ____ sme gifts fr yu.
The necklace The stry happened in Paris. One day , Pierre tgether with his wife, Mathilde ___ invited t a ball at the palace. Bth f them ____ very glad t accept the invitatin . Nt nly a new dress but als sme jewellery ____ needed. But the family ____ nt a rich ne, they nly culd ffer t buy a dress. S a diamnd necklace ____ brrwed frm Mathilde’s friend Jeanne. But neither f them ____ tld that the necklace ____ nt a real
Fill in the blanks with the prper verbs:
diamnd ne. They went t the ball, and they ____ bth happy. On their way hme, Mathilde fund the necklace ____ n mre arund her neck. They lked everywhere fr it , but they culdn’t find it. It ___ lst. A lt f mney ____ brrwed ,and a new diamnd necklace ____ bught. T pay ff the debts , the cuple had t wrk day and night. Ten years ___ a lng time, but at last they paid ff all their debts. When Mathilde met Jeanne in the park , she ___ tld the fact. The necklace she brrwed frm Jeanne ____ nly wrth 500 francs.
1.As a result f destrying the frests, a large _____ f desert _____ cvered the land.(上海２００１）number; has B. quantity; hasC. number; have D. quantity; have 精析：a large number f 后面要接复数名词，所以A不能作为答案．因为desert是单数，所以要填 has．这句话的意思是“毁坏森林的结果是，大片沙漠覆盖了陆地．”答案 B
2. ____ f the land in that district ____ cvered with trees and grass.(上海2000)Tw fifth, is B. Tw fifth, areC. Tw fifths, is D. Tw fifths, are精析: 分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词表示.如果分子大于1, 序数词后加-s. 分数和百分比作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后面的名词.句子中的主语 land是单数,所以谓语动词要用 is cvered. 答案C.
3---- Each f the students, wrking hard at his r her lessns, ____ t g t university.---- S d I.（全国1998）hpes B. hpe C. hping D. d hpe精析：这句话的主语是 Each f the students，是单数，所以要 hpes 选作谓语。现在分词短语wrking hard at his r her lessns 作状语，表示伴随的情况。有的考生盲目地把 lessns 当成了主语，填写了hpe，发生了错误。本题的译文：每一个努力学习的学生都想上大学。我也是。答案 A。
4. ____ peple in the wrld are sending infrmatin by e-mail every day.（上海2001）A. Several millin B. Many millinsC. Several millins D. Many millin精析：在Millin前如果有具体的数字或 several等词时，要用单数形式。 Many一般不与 millin等词连用，表示“数百万”，英语为 millins f。这句话的意思是“每天，世界上有几十万人通过 e-mail传递信息。”答案 A。
1．One r tw days ____ enugh t see the city． A．is B．are C．am D．be2．Neither my wife nr I myself ____ able t persuade my daughter t change her mind． A．is B．are C．am D．be
3．Nt nly I but als Jane and Mary ____ tired f having ne examinatin after anther． A．is B．are C．am D．be4．Nt the teacher，but the students ____ lking frward t seeing the film． A．is B．are C．am D．be
5．Nbdy but Betty and Mary ____ late fr class yesterday． A．was B．were C．has been D．have been6．A wman with sme children ____ sn． A．is cming B．are cming C．has cme D．have cme
7．N ne except my parents ____ anything abut this。 A．knw B．knws C．is knwn D．are knwn8．The teacher as well as the students ____ the bk already． A．has read B．have read C．are reading D．is reading9．All but ne ____ in the accident． A．was killed B．were killed C．will be killed D．are killed
10. Nt nly I but als Jane and Mary _____ tired f having ne examinatin after anther. A. is B. are C. am D. be 11. A library with five thusand bks ___t the natin as a gift. A. is ffered B. has ffered C. are ffered D. have ffered12. When and where t build the new factry ___ yet. A. is nt decided B. are nt decided C. has nt decided D. have nt decided
13. The number f peple invited ___fifty, but a number f them ___ absent fr different reasns. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were14. E-mail, as well as telephnes, ___ an imprtant part in daily cmmunicatin. A . is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 15. ____ f the land in that district ____ cvered with trees and grass. A. Tw fifth; is B. Tw fifth; are C. Tw fifths; is D. Tw fifths; are