人教版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第1册 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND课时学案
展开三言 | 两语 |
1. We can find us in an exciting world every day, with the sun shining brightly, trees growing greenly and flowers coming out with all kinds of colours. 2. China has the largest irrigated area of the farmland in the world and grows more than a third of the crops of the world. 3. These different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health. | 1. 农业科学家们尝试寻求不扩大种植面积而增加小麦收成的途径。 Agricultural scientists try to search for a way to_increase_rich_harvests without expanding the area of fields. 2. 由于绿色长城，土地生产了更多的农作物。 Because_of_the_Great_Green_Wall,the land produces more crops. |
核 心 单 词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得；得到 2. convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服 3. assumption n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得 4. overcome vt. 克服；解决；战胜 5. expand vt. & vi. 扩大；增加 vt. 扩展；发展(业务) 6. essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的 7. entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地 8. digest vt. & vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘 9. alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的 10. instance n. 例子；实例；事例 11. aspect n. 方面；层面 12. crisis n. 危机；危急关头 13. boost vt. 使增长；使兴旺 n. 增长；提高；激励 14. comprise vt. 包括；包含；由……组成 15. generate vt. 产生；引起 |
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The visit was aimed at expanding (expand) relations between the two countries. 2. It is for these reasons that I am firmly convinced (convince) that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit. 3. She told me in detail how they overcame/had_overcome (overcome) all the difficulties. 4. (2020·江苏卷)We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely (entire) recognize the food. 5. What food you eat and how well it is digested (digest) will obviously affect your sleep too. |
续表
拓 展 单 词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 短(期)的；短暂的→shorten v. (使)变短；(使)缩短 2. characteristic n. 特征；特点；品质 adj. 典型的；独特的→character n. 性格；特点；字母；角色 3. estimate vt. 估计；估价；估算 n. 估计；估算→estimation n. 判断；估计；尊重 4. consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→consume v. 消耗；吃；喝；毁灭→consumer n. 消费者 5. reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实→real adj. 真实的；真的→really adv. 确实；真正地；事实上→realise vt. 实现；认识到；明白 6. poverty n. 贫穷；贫困→poor adj. 贫穷的；可怜的→poorly adv. 糟糕地；不好地；拙劣地 7. mineral n. 矿物；矿物质→mine n. 矿；矿藏；矿山；矿井；地雷 v. 采矿；开矿→miner n. 矿工；采矿者 8. depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj. 深的；深奥的→deeply adv. 非常；深深地；认真地；仔细地→deepen vt. 使……加深；使……强烈 vi. 加深；变浓 9. devote vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n. 深爱；挚爱；奉献；忠心→devoted adj. 挚爱的；投入的；忠诚的；忠实的；关于……的；专用于……的 10. conventional adj. 传统的；习惯的→convention n. 习俗；惯例；常规；传统手法；传统风格；大会；会议；集会 |
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. In reality,the real part of his story was that Jim really helped us to realise our dream of travelling abroad. (real) 2. Her latest poem has remarkable depth,and has deeply impressed her readers, which certainly deepens the readers' understanding of modern poetry. (deep) 3. That province is rich in mineral resources and has so many mines,where even diamonds are mined by miners. (mine) 4. In order to help the poor villagers get rid of poverty,the local government came up with a series of effective methods. (poor) 5. He devoted his life to his work, and his devotion to his job is admired by everyone, including some of his devoted friends. (devote) | |
阅 读 单 词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. hybrid n. 杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 2. tackle vt. 解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 3. intense adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 4. output n. 产量；输出；输出量 vt. 输出 5. domestic adj. 本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 6. leisure n. 闲暇；休闲；空闲 7. soil n. 泥土；土壤；国土；领土 8. celebrity n. 名望；名誉；名人；名流 9. grain n. 谷物；谷粒；颗粒 10. vision n. 想象；视力；视野；影像 11. urban adj. 城市的；都市的；城镇的 12. bomb n. 炸弹 vt. 轰炸；对……投炸弹 13. tunnel n. 地下通道；地道；隧道 14. extension n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机 15. wheat n. 小麦；小麦籽 16. flavour n. 味道；特点；特色 17. fertiliser n. 肥料 18. nutrition n. 营养；滋养 19. nutritional adj. 营养(物)的 20. nutritious adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 21. alleviate vt. 减轻；缓解 22. organic adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 23. widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 24. grocery n. 食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货 25. root n. 根；根茎；根部；根源 |
熟 词 生 义 | 1. I repeated the question “Why do you push your son so hard？” and waited for her to expand, but she just rolled her eyes at me.详述；详细阐述 2. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 领会；理解 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. in_turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 2. devote_..._to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 3. be_comprised_of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 4. a_shortage_of_短缺 5. deep_down在内心深处；本质上；实际上 6. for_instance 例如；比如 7. dream_up 凭空想出；虚构；设想；设计；创造 8. far_from 远离；一点也不 9. depend_on 依靠；依赖 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. Equality between the sexes is far from a reality in many countries. 2. They can always dream up some new excuses for the train arriving late. 3. People try to avoid transportation delays by using their own cars, and this in turn creates further problems. [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 When hearing the news that many children in Africa died because of a shortage 1. of_food, he wanted to devote himself 2. to helping them. Deep 3. down,he was not rich enough, but he felt it necessary to do so. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains ... | 人们认为她是健在的最伟大的作家之一。 It_is_believed_that she is one of the greatest living writers. |
2. given that引导状语从句 Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure. | 鉴于他仅仅是个孩子，我们最好原谅他并且告诉他不要那样做了。 Given_that_he_is_such_a_little_child,we had better forgive him and tell him not to do so. |
3. what引导主语从句 What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. | 我们新英语老师让我印象最深的就是她讲英语非常流利。 What_impresses_me_most_about_our_new_English_teacher is that she speaks English so fluently. |
4. not just ... but ... Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. | 不仅汤姆，而且他的同学都要来参观博物馆。 Not_just Tom but his classmates are coming to visit museums. |
1. devote vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
(1)devote ... to (doing) sth. 把……献给(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于/献身于/专心于(做)某事
(2)devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠实的；关于……的；专用于……的
be devoted to (doing) sth. 献身于(做)某事；专心致志于(做)某事
(3)devotion n. 深爱；奉献；忠心
[词块]
devote his energies to a job of helping the disabled致力于帮助残疾人的工作
devote all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children为中国的妇女儿童医疗事业贡献她毕生精力
单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷)I still remember what you have devoted to improving (improve) my oral English and English writing.
②You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted (devote) to your work.
③With all her time devoted (devote) to the experiments, she has no time for housework.
④(天津卷)He is a devoted (devote) father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.
⑤A teacher's devotion(devote) to education deserves great respect of the whole public because it brings benefits to the development of society.
句式升级
(普通表达)Jim devotes himself to teaching the children in the poor area and he has little time to care for his family.
⑥(高级表达)Devoting_himself_to_teaching_the_children_in_the_poor_ area,Jim has little time to care for his family. (现在分词短语作状语)
⑦(高级表达)Devoted_to_teaching_the_children_in_the_poor_area,Jim has little time to care for his family.(过去分词短语作状语)
2. convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服
(1)convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
(2)convinced adj. 确信的；深信的
be convinced of/that ... 确信……
(3)convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的
[词块]
be convinced of the positive effect of laughter 相信笑声的积极效果
convincing evidence 令人信服的证据
单句语法填空
①Although I soon convinced him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity (神志正常)．
②His idea was not convincing (convince). At last I convinced him to_change (change) his mind to accept my idea.
③It took us several hours to make the old man convinced(convince) of the safety of travelling by air.
词汇升级/句式升级
(普通表达) I believe honesty is important. It will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.
④(高级表达)I am_convinced_of the importance of honesty, which_will_ contribute_to building a warm and harmonious society. (定语从句)
3. alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的
(1)have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事
an alternative to ... ……的替代物 (to是介词)
(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地
“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达方式有have no choice but to do，cannot (help) but do，can do nothing but do。
[词块]
alternative ways/approaches/methods to learning
可供选择的学习方法
an alternative to traditional teaching methods 代替传统的教学方法
单句语法填空
①As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of alternative (alternatively) energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.
②The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating (communicate) with others.
一句多译
失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。
③Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have_no_ alternative_but_to_face_failure bravely and learn from it. (alternative)
④Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have_no_ choice_but_to_face failure bravely and learn from it. (choice)
4. shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺
(1)for short 作为简称；作为缩写
in short 简单地说；总之
(2)be short of 缺少……
be short in 在……方面短(缺)的
(3)shorten v. (使)变短；(使)缩短
[词块]
a shortage of water 水短缺
a shortage of food 食物短缺
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
②In short, a good and harmonious environment at home is necessary for a child to grow healthy.
③There's a shortage (short) of reference materials in many schools.
一句多译
这些人因食物短缺而生活贫困。
④These people are living in poverty because_of_a_shortage_of_food. (shortage)
⑤These people are living in poverty because_they_are_short_of_food. (short)
⑥These people are living in poverty because_they_are_lacking_in_food. (lacking)
5. depend on 依靠；依赖
depend on/upon it that ... 相信；指望
(2)That/It depends. 那得看情况。(口语)
单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷)Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending (depend) on the type and concentration of phytoplankton (浮游植物)．
②(浙江卷)How much sleep you need depends (depend) a lot on your age.
③Jim is always late, so you cannot depend on him to_come/coming (come) on time.
④Don't worry. You can depend on it that he'll turn up on time. He always keeps his promise.
补全句子/句式升级
⑤(普通表达)We don't know whether we will have the sports meeting. This depends_on (取决于) the weather.
⑥(高级表达)Whether_we_will_have_the_sports_meeting_depends_on_the_ weather. (主语从句)
6. It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句
(教材原文)Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains ... 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物……
It is estimated that ... 据估计……
It is said that ... 据说……
It is reported that ... 据报道……
It is suggested that ... 有人建议……
It is thought that ... 人们认为……
It is known that ... 众所周知……
It is hoped that ... 人们希望……
It is believed that ... 人们相信/认为……
“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”可改写为：“sth./sb.＋be＋过去分词＋to do/to be ...”结构。
[金句]It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent. 据说身体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)About 20% of 2534yearolds are said to_live (live) with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.
②(上海卷)The flu is believed to_be_caused (cause)by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
③A number of paintings in this castle are believed to_have_been_destroyed (destroy) in a fire in 2009.
一句多译
据说几天前她写了一篇关于野生动物保护的报告。
④It_is_said_that she wrote a report about wildlife protection the other day. (it作形式主语)
⑤She is_said_to_have_written_a_report about wildlife protection the other day. (不定式)
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. He continued to work there for almost 50 years, devoting (devote) his life to the monitoring effort.
2. With all the supplies in hand, we were able to convince another roommate to_help (help) out as well.
3. Assuming (assume) that the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money?
4. (2018·天津卷)Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to_overcome (overcome).
5. (2019·北京卷)For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely (entire) necessary for them to be able to complete their college education.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
1. It's characteristic of her that she never complains and always tries to solve the problem.
2. Advanced technology has found its way into our everyday life. For instance, artificial intelligence helps human beings to get some work done.
3. The company that is comprised of 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.
4. As we all know, theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.
5. Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff.
查缺补漏
1. There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to_wait (wait)．
2. A lot of poisonous waste from the chemical (chemistry) works polluted the river.
3. He will try his best to help them by means of his conventional (convention) medical knowledge.
4. Not only the children but also their coach is (be) fond of playing football.
5. My teacher tells us that falling water may be used for the generation (generate) of electricity.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
A half century ago, activists 1. walked (walk) to the street to speak out for the protection of the planet in 2. response (respond) to one of the worst oil spills (原油泄漏) in history. These activists inspired important changes in how our society views the environment, 3. leading (lead) to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. But protecting the earth is also a social justice issue. People of colour and poor people are often the first 4. to_suffer (suffer) from the climate change, because they live near highways, factories, or garbage dumps (垃圾场), 5. where there are more pollutants, for example, and they may not be able to afford fresh green foods.
But you don't have to be an activist to make 6. a difference — in fact there are many tiny everyday 7. efforts (effort) you can make to help the planet. The environmental movement didn't start with Earth Day and indigenous (土生土长的) people protecting the earth as 8. their (they) way of life were the pioneers. I wish that everyone would see the climate crisis this way and take it 9. seriously (serious) as well. It isn't just polar bears and plastic bags 10. but an issue that will determine the future of life. So, actually, every day is Earth Day.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①中国的农民曾经因食物短缺而挨饿。
Farmers in China used to suffer from hunger because of a shortage of food.
②他们过去一直努力寻找能够提高谷物产量的方法，但收效甚微。
They had struggled to search for ways to increase the grain_output,but without success.
③为了帮助人们解决食物危机问题并且克服困难，袁隆平教授致力于杂交水稻研究。
In order to help people tackle the problem about food crisis and overcome difficulties, professor Yuan Longping devoted_himself_to doing research on the hybrid rice.
④因为他的努力，农民们的收成比以前多了一倍，世界22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。
Because of his effort, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before and 22 percent of the world's population have got rid of hunger.
⑤相应地，这帮助人们战胜了贫穷。
It in_turn will help people defeat poverty.
⑥如今，杂交水稻在世界上很普遍，对人们来说种植它是非常重要的。
Nowadays, hybrid rice is widespread in the world and it is essential for people to plant it.
2. 升级平淡句
用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并1中句④和句⑤
Because of his effort, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before and 22 percent of the world's population have got rid of hunger, which in turn will help people defeat poverty.
3. 衔接成文
Farmers in China used to suffer from hunger because of a shortage of food. Therefore, they had struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output, but without success. In order to help people tackle the problem about food crisis and overcome difficulties, professor Yuan Longping devoted himself to doing research on the hybrid rice. Because of his effort, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before and 22 percent of the world's population have got rid of hunger, which in turn will help people defeat poverty. Nowadays, hybrid rice is widespread in the world and it is essential for people to plant it.
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