人教版高考英语一轮总复习必修第3册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION课时学案
展开三言 | 两语 |
1. It goes without saying that modern technology brings us convenience and comfort in life. 2. China sent up its first satellite completely designed and built by middle school students in 2017. 3. After a 21hour trip to space, the astronaut landed safely, making China the third country to send a person into space after Russia and the USA. | 1. 一些科学家宣称他们找到了外星人在太空存在的证据。 Some scientists claimed that they had found some evidence that_aliens_existed_in_space. 2. 中国成功把第一位宇航员送往太空的消息曾震惊了整个世界。 The news that_China_had_managed_to_send_the_first_astronaut_into_space once shocked the whole world. |
核 心 单 词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 2. signal vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n. 信号；标志 3. otherwise adv. 否则；要不然 4. beyond prep. 在更远处；超出 5. limited adj. 有限的 6. keen adj. 热衷的；渴望的 7. resource n. 资源；财力；物力 8. launch vt. & n. 发射；发起；上市 9. recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 10. float vi. 浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt. 使浮动；使漂流 11. facility n. 设施；设备 12. pattern n. 模式；图案；模范 |
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. You've got to learn to handle the money I give you a little more intelligently (intelligent)． 2. (2020· 全国卷Ⅰ)Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals (signal) to the spacecraft and to Earth. 3. Because of this you will only have limited (limit) access to these devices. | |
拓 展 单 词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. universe n. 宇宙；天地万物→universal adj. 全世界的；普遍的→universally adv. 普遍地；全体地 2. determine vt. 查明；确定；决定→determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的→determination n. 坚定；决心 3. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人沮丧的→disappointment n. 失望；沮丧 4. desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望→desirable adj. 理想的；值得做的 5. depend vi. 依靠；依赖；取决于→dependent adj. 依赖的；依靠的→dependently adv. 依赖地；从属地；有瘾地→dependence n. 依赖；依靠→independence n. 独立；自主→independent adj. 独立的；自立的→independently adv. 独立地；自立地 |
续表
拓 展 单 词 | 6. sufficiency n. 足够；充足→sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的 7. globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪→global adj. 全球的；全面的；整体的 8. regular adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv. 经常；定期地 9. mystery n. 神秘事物；谜→mysterious adj. 神秘的；不可思议的 10. argue vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论→argument n. 争论；争吵；论点→arguable adj. 可辩论的；可论证的；无把握的；有疑问的 11. attach vt. 系；绑；贴→attachment n. 喜爱；爱慕；信仰；忠诚；附件；连接(物)→attached adj. 附加的；附属的；依恋的 12. lack n. 缺乏；短缺vt. 没有；缺乏→lacking adj. 不足的；缺少的；没有的；欠缺的 |
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The determined look on his face shows that he determines to achieve his goal with strong will and determination. (determine) 2. To the disappointment of her parents, she lost heart after she failed the college entrance examination, which also made her teachers disappointed. (disappoint) 3. If we are always dependent/depending on others, we'll never live independently. So we should develop the habit of being independent. (depend) 4. Last night, he argued with his colleagues over an important issue and their argument lasted about two hours. (argue) | |
阅 读 单 词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人 2. procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续 3. mental adj. 精神的；思想的 4. rocket n. 火箭；火箭弹 5. gravity n. 重力；引力 6. frontier n. 边境；国界；边远地区 7. vehicle n. 交通工具；车辆 8. orbit n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt. & vi. 沿轨道运行；环绕……运行 9. giant adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人；巨兽；伟人 10. leap n. 跳跃；剧增；剧变vi. & vt. 跳过；跃过 11. mankind n. 人类 12. agency n. (政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处 13. transmit vt. & vi. 传输；发送 14. data n. [pl.]_资料；数据 15. ongoing adj. 持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的 16. spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 17. spacewalk n. 太空行走；太空行走的时间 18. jade n. 玉；翡翠；玉器 19. dock vi. & vt. (两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港 n. 码头；船坞 20. solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 21. current adj. 当前的；现在的 n. 水流；电流；思潮 22. soap n. 肥皂 23. towel n. 毛巾；抹布 24. microwave n. 微波炉 25. tissue n. 纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织 26. highend adj. 高端的 27. monitor n. 监视器；监测仪 vt. 监视；监测；监控 28. foam n. 泡沫橡胶；泡沫 29. pillow n. 枕头 30. smartphone n. 智能手机 31. closing adj. 结尾的；结束的 n. 停业；关闭；倒闭 32. oxygen n. 氧；氧气 33. satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星 34. muscle n. 肌肉；实力；影响力 35. fatal adj. 致命的；灾难性的 36. shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的 |
熟 词 生 义 | 1. (2020·天津卷)If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it.发起 2. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.提出；提请考虑(想法或计划) 3. (2019·江苏卷)One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. 附上 4. (2018·江苏卷)They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. 监控 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. result_in 导致；造成 2. as_a_result 所以；结果(是) 3. run_out 用完；耗尽 4. so_as_to_(do_sth.)为了；以便 5. figure_out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 6. carry_on 继续做；坚持干 7. on_board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 8. in_the_hope_of_doing_sth. 抱着……的希望 9. provide_for_sb. 提供生活所需 10. in_closing 最后 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. They carry on with their experiment despite the strong opposition from some scientists. 2. During the tests, a driver was always on board in case something went wrong. 3. They set out early in the hope of finding the lost child. [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 The man felt very worried when he found all his money had run 1. out. 2. As a result, he had to find a temporary job in the restaurant so as 3. to earn some money. He wanted to figure 4. out when he could earn enough money to go back home. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. not only ... but (also) ... Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training. | 汤姆和他的同学今年暑假要来参观博物馆。 Not_only_Tom_but_also_his_classmates_are_coming_to_visit_museums this summer vacation. |
2. 过去分词短语作伴随状语 Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. | 教授来了，后面紧跟着一组学生。 The professor came in, closely_followed_by_a_group_of_students. |
3. 倍数表达法 Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma. | 一般来说，飞机飞行高度是风筝的十倍。 Generally speaking, the plane flew ten_times_as_high_as the kite. |
1. desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望
(1)have a desire to do ... 渴望做……
have a desire for ... 渴望……
(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
desire that ... (should) do sth. 渴望……
[词块]
inspire a strong desire for discovery激起强烈的探索欲望
her strong desire to succeed她对成功强烈的渴望
单句语法填空
①(天津卷)This photo reminds us that we all appreciate beauty and that we all share a common desire for pleasure.
②If you love what you do, you will be driven by the desire to_achieve (achieve) success.
一句多译
每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力的人。
③Everyone has_a_desire_for_success while success only belongs to the hardworking people. (desire n．)
④Everyone desires_to_succeed while success only belongs to the hardworking people. (desire v．)
2. lack n. 缺乏；短缺 vt. 没有；缺乏
(1)lack sth. 缺少某物
(2) lack of ... ……的缺少
for lack of ... 因缺少……
(3)lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的；没有的；欠缺的
be lacking in 缺少……；……不足
[词块]
a lack of food/money/skills缺乏食物/金钱/技能
(a) lack of confidence in learning English well对学好英语缺乏信心
for lack of money因为缺钱
单句语法填空
①(2020· 江苏卷)Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
③Lacking(lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business.
一句多译
他们缺乏与他人交流的能力，因此在比赛中失败了。
④They lacked_the_skill_to_communicate_with_others,so they failed in the competition. (lack vt.)
⑤They were_lacking_in_the_skill_to_communicate_with_others,so they failed in the competition.(lacking adj.)
⑥Lacking_the_skill_to_communicate_with_others,they failed in the competition. (分词短语作状语)
3. argue vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论
(1)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth. 据理力争/反对某事
argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
argue that ... 主张/认为……
(2)argument n. 论证；论据；争吵
beyond argument 无可争辩
(3)arguable adj. 可辩论的；可论证的；无把握的；可疑的
单句语法填空
①It's no use arguing (argue) with him about/over the question for he won't change his mind.
②When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument (argue).
一句多译
我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
③We tried many ways to_argue_him_into_following_our_advice,but in vain. (argue)
④We tried many ways to_persuade_him_to_follow our_advice,but in vain. (persuade)
⑤We tried many ways to_talk_him_into_following our_advice,but in vain. (talk)
4. attach vt. 系；绑；贴
(1)attach sth. to sth. 把……附在……上；把……固定到……
attach importance/significance to重视；认为……重要/有意义
(2)attached adj. (作表语)附属于；依恋的
be attached to 依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于
(3)attachment n. 喜爱；爱慕；信仰；忠诚；附件；连接(物)
[词块]
attach great importance to protecting the environment
认为保护环境很重要
attach a photo to my application form 在申请表上贴了一张我的照片
the attached application form 所附的申请表
a child's attachment to its mother 孩子对母亲的依恋
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)She's trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is ecofriendly.
②On her tenth birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached (attach) to it, saying “Happy birthday！”
词汇升级
(普通表达) Many of us teenagers think our phones are much more important than our friends.
③(高级表达) Many of us teenagers attach_much_more_importance_to our phones than to our friends.
5. result in 导致；造成
(1)result from 由……造成；因……而产生
(2)as a result 结果
as a result of 由于……的结果
without result 没有结果；白费
[词块]
result in the failure in the exam 导致考试不及格
result in a lot of severe consequences 导致许多严重的后果
单句语法填空
①(2020· 江苏卷)As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.
②(2019·天津卷)Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.
③Misunderstandings resulting (result) from lack of social communication, if not handled properly, may lead to serious problems.
一句多译
这周末我要参加一个英语竞赛，所以没法去机场接你了。
④As_a_result_of an English competition which I have to join in this weekend, I can't go to the airport to pick you up.
⑤I have to join in an English competition this weekend, and as_a_result,I can't go to the airport to pick you up.
6. run out 用完；耗尽
(1)run out 用完(不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物)
run out of用完(及物动词短语，其主语通常为人)
use up用完；耗尽(及物动词短语)
give out用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽(不及物动词短语)
(2)run across偶然遇到
run into撞上；偶遇
run away逃跑
run after追逐；追求
[词块]
run out of money钱已用完了
run out of time时间到了
单句语法填空
①In the future, care for the environment will become very important as the earth's natural resources run out.
②Robert's team delivered a donation of enough noodles and meatballs to feed 20 people at a homeless shelter that had run out of food.
一句多译
我的钱已花完了，因此我买不起这本书。
③I have_run_out_of/used_up my money, so I can't afford the book.
④My money has_run_out/has_been_run_out_of/has_given_out,so I can't afford the book.
7. 倍数表达法
(教材原文)Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma. 奥林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。
常见的倍数句型：
(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as＋B
(2)A＋be＋倍数＋形容词比较级/副词比较级＋than＋B
(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the size/length/height/depth/width＋of＋B
表示“两倍”时要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”。有时我们也用分数、百分数、half等代替倍数。
[金句]It's said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was. 据说该发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。
单句语法填空
①(江苏卷)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster (fast) than traditional garbage as a whole.
②The new stadium being built for the 2022 Asian Games will be three times the height (high) of the present one.
一句多译
众所周知，地球是月球的49倍大。
③As is known to us, the earth is fortynine_times_as_big_as the moon.
④It is known to us that the earth is fortynine_times_bigger than the moon.
⑤What is known to us is that the earth is fortynine_times_the_size of the moon.
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. It's that kind of courage and determination (determine) that makes him such a remarkable character.
2. Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.
3. He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited (limit) education in his childhood.
4. She showed special concern for the college students and attached much significance to educating (educate) them.
5. It is_desired (desire) that the project be finished before the end of this month.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
1. He decided to find another parttime job because he had to provide for the large family.
2. They decided to move to Beijing in the hope of getting better treatment.
3. Much as I understand him, sometimes I still cannot figure out some of what he says.
4. The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods, droughts and famines (饥荒)．
5. He defeated all competitors and won the scholarship as a result.
查缺补漏
1. They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't have_been_ stuck (stick) in the storm.
2. We have to adjust the structure of our products so as to_survive (survive) the keen competition.
3. The price of the house is so high that it is well beyond our range.
4. Above all, they knew how to use their brains and thought independently (independent)．
5．(2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence (intelligent) has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
Located in a natural depression in Guizhou, China's Fivehundredmetre Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope, 1. known (know) as FAST, has identified six pulsars (脉冲星) after one year of trial operation. It is the first time that Chinese scientists have discovered pulsars using a radio telescope independently developed by Chinese scientists, thus 2. opening (open) a “new era of Chinese original space discovery”．
It is truly encouraging for China to have achieved such results in just one year. Since the first pulsar 3. was_discovered (discover), over 2,700 pulsars have been identified. But almost all of them are 4. in/within the scope of the Milky Way. Being the world's largest radio telescope, FAST is expected to capture pulsars outside the galaxy. Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists 5. to_find (find) previously hidden stars. Moreover, FAST is capable of surveying the night sky for multiple 6. scientific (science) data at once, 7. which enables astronomers to jumpstart many science goals. Its innovative engineering concept and design pave 8. a new road to realise a huge single dish in the most effective way.
China's FAST science impact on astronomy will be extraordinary, and has the potential to revolutionise other 9. areas (area) of the natural sciences. It 10. will_remain (remain) the global leader for the next 10 to 20 years.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①在悠久的历史中，宇宙的神秘一直吸引着人类，我们对其的探索一直在进行着。
During the long history, the mystery of the universe has been attracting mankind and our exploration about it has been ongoing.
②人类已经成功地登陆月球并渴望探索火星，希望它在未来能成为人类的第二家园。
Man has succeeded in landing on the moon and desires to explore Mars in_the_hope_of making it the second homeland for people in the future.
③科学家不得不弄清楚火星上是否有生命。
Scientists have to figure_out whether there is life on Mars.
④虽然我们对火星有一定的了解，但是我们依然缺乏关于它的足够的知识。
Although we have known a little about Mars, we still lack enough knowledge about it.
⑤地球是火星大小的六倍。
The earth is six_times_the_size_of Mars.
⑥火星上几乎没有氧气，这可以导致那里没有生命存在。
There is almost no oxygen on Mars and this can result_in the fact that no life can exist there.
⑦中午可以达到50度，晚上却降到零下100度，这种情况阻止我们在那里生活。
It might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night, which prevents us from living there.
⑧因为火星和地球很不同，如果我们计划有一天去火星的话，我们应该为自己提供氧气、食物、衣服和住处。
Now that Mars is quite different from the earth, if we plan to go to Mars one day, we should provide ourselves with oxygen, food, clothing and shelter.
2. 升级平淡句
(1)用非谓语动词升级1中句④
Having known a little about Mars, we still lack enough knowledge about it._
(2)用定语从句升级1中句⑥
There is almost no oxygen on Mars, which can result in the fact that no life can exist there.
3. 衔接成文
During the long history, the mystery of the universe has been attracting mankind and our exploration about it has been ongoing. Man has succeeded in landing on the moon and desires to explore Mars in the hope of making it the second homeland for people in the future. However, scientists have to figure out whether there is life on Mars.
Having known a little about Mars, we still lack enough knowledge about it. The earth is six times the size of Mars. There is almost no oxygen on Mars, which can result in the fact that no life can exist there. What's more, it might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night, which prevents us from living there. Now that Mars is quite different from the earth, if we plan to go to Mars one day, we should provide ourselves with oxygen, food, clothing and shelter.
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