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人教版高考英语一轮总复习必修第1册 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD课时学案
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这是一份人教版高考英语一轮总复习必修第1册 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD课时学案，共15页。
三言
两语
1. First of all, we can share learning experience to promote our English study.
2. As a diligent student in my class, I have a good knowledge of English and can express my thoughts and opinions clearly and fluently to foreigners.
3. It is my honour to be here to share with you my experience on how to learn English well in senior high school.
1. 毫无疑问，写英语日记对你的书面英语帮助很大。
There_is_no_doubt_that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with your written English.
2. 我把英语看作最重要的学科之一，原因在于目前我们需要跟全世界不同地区的不同的人进行频繁的接触。
The_reason_why I regard English as one of the most important subjects is_that we need to make frequent contacts with different people in different parts of the world nowadays.
核
心
单
词
[默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词
1. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
2. attitude n. 态度；看法
3. means n. 方式；方法；途径
4. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
5. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值
6. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
7. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
8. description n. 描写(文字)；形容
9. affair n. 公共事物；事件；关系
10. despite prep. 即使；尽管
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1. There are quite a few different attitudes (attitude) towards the Chinese food.
2. In general, green is regarded (regard) as a symbol of life while red stands for joy and victory.
3. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)His son, age 15, who had taken an art appreciation (appreciate) class, thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.
4. After a series of struggles (struggle), they were able to get the work done in the end.
5. I've never seen your English teacher. Can you give me a simple description (describe) of him？
续表
拓
展
单
词
[词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式
1. base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据→based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basis n. 基础；根据；基点→basic adj. 基础的；基本的；根本的；初级的→basically adv. 本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了
2. symbol n. 符号；象征→symbolic adj. 象征性的→symbolise vt. 象征；代表
3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v. 变化无常；多变；存在不同之处；使多样化→various adj. 多种(类型)的；各种各样的；不同的→varied adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的
4. major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 大多数；大部分
5. global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globe n. 地球仪；球；球状物
6. reference n. 指称关系；参考→refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 涉及；使……求助于
7. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→equally adv. 平等地→equality n. 平等
8. special adj. 特殊的→specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specially adv. 尤其；特别
9. relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n. 关系
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1. When I was in university, I majored in maths and boy students were in the majority in our class.(major)
2. These two accidents have close relation,and you should learn to_relate_them together. (relate)
3. Apart from the textbooks, I often refer to other reference materials to assist my studies. (refer)
4. Last week, we paid a visit to the exhibition hall in our city, where we saw a variety of robots. The type varies widely in size and shape. (vary)
5. Women should be treated equally and share equality with men in all fields. (equal)
阅
读
单
词
【教师用书独具】
1. billion n. 十亿
2. system n. 体系；制度；系统
3. factor n. 因素；要素
4. bone n. 骨头；骨(质)
5. shell n. 壳；壳状物
6. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻
7. dynasty n. 王朝；朝代
8. dialect n. 地方话；方言
9. classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著
10. character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 11. calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术
12. tongue n. 舌头；语言
13. semester n. 学期
14. gas n. 汽油；气体；燃气
15. petrol n. 汽油
16. subway n. 地铁
17. apartment n. 公寓套房
18. pants n. (BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially_NAmE)裤子
19. beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
20. gap n. 间隔；开口；差距
21. vocabulary n. 词汇 22. CE (＝Common Era) 公元
熟
词
生
义
1. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Published in 1964, it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.经典的
2. (北京卷)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me. 理解；明白
3. Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my regards to your parents. 问候
高频短语
短语应用
1. if_possible 如果可能的话
2. date_back_(to_...)追溯到
3. at_the_beginning起初
4. ups_and_downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
5. have_trouble/difficulty_with有……困难
6. be_connected_with与……连接
7. be of great importance (＝very important)十分重要
8. point_of_view观点；看法
9. depend_on 依靠；依赖；取决于
10. relate_to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
11. refer_to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
[语境运用1]填入一个适当的词
1. More often than not, children depend on their parents for almost everything.
2. Human health is connected with whether the drinking water is clean or not.
3. From my point of view, there is no way they can win the football match.
[语境运用2]填入一个适当的词
The ancient tower dates back 1. to the Tang Dynasty and it has experienced ups and 2. downs during hundreds of years. If 3. possible,I will visit it with my parents this summer vacation.
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1. the reason why ...
There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。
The_reason_why he could not go there was that he was ill in bed.
2. be＋of＋抽象名词
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。
The two children are of_the_same_age,but are of_different_heights.
3. no matter where ...
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
无论你去什么地方，你都应该让你父母知道。
No_matter_where/Wherever_you_go,you should let your parents know.
4. the＋比较级， the＋比较级
It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
我们跟他相处的时间越长，他就会在我们中间越受欢迎。
The_longer we get along with him, the_more_popular with us he will be.
1. base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
(1)base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon以……为基础；依据……
(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则；根据；基点
on the basis of ... 根据……；在……的基础上
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的；初级的；根本的
(4)based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
(5)basically adv. 本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了
[词块]
revolutionary bases革命根据地
use the house as a base for his business把这所房子作为他生意的总部
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.
②(2019·天津卷)Scientists have built an earlywarning system based (base) on mathematical models.
③Based (base) on a true love story, the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.
④Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
⑤As far as I'm concerned, common hobbies are the basis (base) of making friends.
⑥They have to have a basic (base) understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.
句式升级
(普通表达)The movie was based on a reallife incident. And it turned out to be a success.
⑦(高级表达)The movie, based_on_a reallife incident, turned out to be a success. (过去分词短语作定语)
2. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
(1) 各种各样的
(2)vary vi. 变化
vary in sth. 在(大小、形状等)方面不同；在某方面有差异
vary with ... 随……变化、改变
vary between ... and ... 从……到……转变
(3)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的；不同的
(4)varied adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的
单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷)Libraries will often hold readinggroup sessions targeted to various (variety) age groups.
②Varieties (vary) of celebrations will be organised to display the agricultural harvest.
词汇升级
(普通表达) One satellite television has held all kinds of popular talent shows.
③(高级表达) One satellite television has held a_variety_of/varieties_of popular talent shows.
3. means n. 方式；方法；途径
by this means用这种方法
by means of通过；用；借助于
by no means决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子部分倒装)
by all means (用于交际英语中表示同意)当然可以；没问题；务必
a means of ... 一种……工具
means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
[词块]
a means of communication通信工具
a means to fight crime打击犯罪活动的举措
necessary means 必要手段
单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?
—By all means. He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
②(江苏卷)Watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment.
③Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing parttime jobs.
④(上海卷)Every possible means has (have) been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
补全句子/句式升级
⑤(普通表达)Punishment is by_no_means (决不) a wise choice to help children grow up mentally and physically.
⑥(高级表达)By_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choice_to help children grow up mentally and physically. (倒装句)
4. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会；理解
vi. 增值
(1)appreciate sth./(one's) doing sth. 感激某事物/(某人) 做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
(3)appreciative adj. 欣赏的；表示赞赏的；感激的
[词块]
appreciate your help 感谢你的帮助
appreciate the significance/value/importance of learning English理解学习英语的意义/价值/重要性
express my appreciation and thanks to you all 向你们所有人表示诚挚的感谢
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)This is often appreciated (appreciate) since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.
②(全国卷Ⅰ)I'd appreciate your writing (write) me back at your earliest convenience.
③I appreciate being_given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
④I would like to convey my sincere appreciation(appreciate) to you for your assistance.
一句多译
(2018·全国卷 Ⅰ)如果你能考虑我的建议，我将感激不尽。
⑤I'd_appreciate_it_if you could take my suggestions into consideration. (appreciate)
⑥I'd_be_grateful_if you could take my advice into account. (grateful)
5. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
struggle with/against ... 与……做斗争
struggle for ... 为……而斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
[词块]
struggle through the snowstorm冒着暴风雪前进
a struggle for independence 为了独立而斗争
单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)Would you bet on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against_debt and misfortune.
②We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad for freedom.
③(2019·江苏卷)He struggled to_explain (explain) what he heard in his head.
④(浙江卷)The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard (hear).
⑤—Why didn't you give a hand to the boy?
—I'd like to, but he struggled to his feet before I tried to.
句式升级
(普通表达)Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
⑥(高级表达)Having_struggled_for_months_to_find a job as a waitress, Dina finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(现在分词短语作状语)
6. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的
(1)equal sb./sth. (in ...)(在……方面) 比得上；
与……匹敌；与……相等
be equal to sth./doing sth. (in ...)(在……方面)
与……相等；能胜任
(2)without (an) equal无人可比的
(3)equally adv. 同样地；相等地
(4)equality n. 相等；平等
[词块]
enjoy equal rights享有平等的权利
be equal in height同等高度
be equal to anything无所不能
单句语法填空
①Be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health.
②He is equal to accomplishing (accomplish) the task, for no one equals him in the area.
③Black people had to fight for social and economic equality (equal) with whites.
④Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally (equal) respected.
一句多译
在勇气方面没有人比得上他，这一点大家都清楚。
⑤No one equals_him_in_courage，about which everyone knows.(equal v. )
⑥No one is_equal_to_him_in_courage,about which everyone knows.(equal adj.)
7. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one's demands满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that ... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事
(3)demand to be done/doing (某事)需要被做
(4)demanding adj. 要求高的
demand只能用于demand to do sth., 不能用于demand sb. to do sth.。有类似用法的动词还有： hope, refuse, agree等。
[词块]
a demand for higher wages 加薪的要求
meet/satisfy the demands of the customers 满足客户的要求
单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷)Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding (demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.
②(2019·江苏卷)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy.
③The teacher came to the classroom and demanded to_be_told (tell) what was going on just now.
④My car demands to_be_repaired/repairing_(repair), so I have to go to work by bus.
⑤The boss demanded that everyone (should)_attend(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow.
词汇升级
(普通表达) Mo Yan's novels are needed greatly in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
⑥(高级表达) Mo Yan's novels are in_great_demand in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
8. date back (to ...)(＝date from)追溯到……；始于
out of date过时的；陈旧的
up to date最新式的；现代的
to date/so far 迄今；至今；到目前为止
fix/set a date for ... 确定……的日期
date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。
单句语法填空
①The old town dates (date) back to the late seventeenth century.
②Dating(date)back to 300 years ago，the stone house is well preserved.
③(天津卷)The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
④I have had many books on literature to date, but none of them are up to date.
⑤As far as I know, they have set the date for the meeting.
句式升级
(普通表达)The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.
⑥(高级表达)The festival dating_back_to_the_Ming_Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year. (现在分词短语作定语)
9. be＋of＋抽象名词
(教材原文)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 这种书写体系对中国人民的团结和文化的统一具有重要意义。
(1)“be＋of＋抽象名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征，此结构在句中可作表语或定语。
(2)“of＋抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词常见的有value, use, importance, help, interest等。它们可用no, some, any, little, much, great等词修饰。
(3)有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，这类名词包括size, weight, height, length, width, age, opinion, colour, price, kind，type, shape, way, quality等。这类名词根据具体的情景而变复数形式，也可在其前加冠词。如果后面的名词前有不定冠词a/an，则这个冠词相当于the same。
[金句]As we all know, having a balanced diet is of great benefit to us. 众所周知，均衡饮食对我们非常有益。
单句语法填空
①(全国卷Ⅰ)The “Foreign Culture” section in our newspaper is of great popularity among us students.
②Now I am very happy in the new school because I have a lot of good friends of an age.
③Your suggestions on how to solve the problem are very useful (use) to us.
词汇升级
(普通表达) This reference book is useless to middle school students so we had better consider buying others.
④(高级表达)This reference book is of_no_use to middle school students so we had better consider buying others.
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. As far as I'm concerned, I want to own a room based (base) on my own personal taste in the future.
2. Students should be encouraged to take part in a wide variety (vary) of afterschool activities.
3. We appreciate participating (participate) in this activity, which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young.
4. Having_struggled (struggle) for many years, he was finally admitted to a key university.
5. I don't think he is equal to doing (do) this kind of work, so I can't hire him.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
1. Basic research is of great importance in all scientific fields.
2. The plan which is related to the project is under discussion at the meeting.
3. As is known to all, the African elephant is native to Africa.
4. Some of the verbs can refer to more than one means of transport.
5. Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving Girl, which dates from the Han Dynasty.
查缺补漏
1. We paid a visit to Guilin, whose beauty was beyond description (describe).
2. The boss demanded that the work (should)_be_finished (finish) within a week, which made Mary very upset.
3. People's attitudes (attitude) towards the matter are different.
4. They have tried all means, which possibly are (be) helpful, but unfortunately not a means has_worked (work) so far.
5. Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to_lead (lead) an active life.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
(2020·三湘名校联盟联考)There are thousands of languages in the world. More people speak Mandarin (普通话) 1. than any other language. It is a form of Chinese. In the United States, many schools are teaching Mandarin to kids.
“Learning Chinese 2. offers (offer) a window into another world，” Michael Bacon told TFK. He leads immersion programmes at public schools in Portland, Oregon. Students through the 3. fifth (five) grade spend half the school day 4. learning (learn) Mandarin. The other half of the school day, they learn English. Students become bilingual. 5. Interest (interesting) in Mandarin is growing in US schools. There are many reasons for this. Mandarin challenges kids. It can make them get ready for the business world. It connects some kids to 6. their (they) heritage.
“The United States and China are two of the largest and most 7. powerful (power) countries in the world，” says Eugene Huang, 8. who leads the USChina Strong Foundation. “9. The more students understand China's culture, history and language, the better 10. prepared (prepare) they will be for the future，” Huang says.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①在大学期间，我主修英语。
While in university, I majored in English.
②然而，学习英语真费劲。
However, learning English was a struggle.
③尽管我很努力，我的成绩还是起起落落。
Despite all my effort, my grades had ups_and_downs.
④这让我很着急。
This made_me_very_worried.
⑤我不得不求助于我的英语老师。
I had to turn_to_my_English_teacher_for_help.
⑥我们谈了很多，她给了我很多具体的建议。
We talked a lot and she gave me a lot of specific suggestions.
⑦在她看来，其中一个主要的因素是词汇。
From_her_point_of_view,one of the main factors was vocabulary.
⑧她建议我努力通过阅读来扩大我的词汇量。
She advised that I should try my best to enlarge my vocabulary by_means_of reading.
⑨我照老师说的做了。
I did as_the_teacher_told_me.
⑩结果，我取得了很大的进步。
As a result, I made_great_progress.
⑪我非常感谢她的帮助。
I appreciate her help very much.
2. 升级平淡句
用 which引导的非限制性定语从句合并1中句③和句④
Despite all my effort, my grades had ups and downs, which made me very worried.
3. 衔接成文
While in university, I majored in English. However, learning English was a struggle. Despite all my effort, my grades had ups and downs, which made me very worried. I had to turn to my English teacher for help. We talked a lot and she gave me a lot of specific suggestions. From her point of view, one of the main factors was vocabulary. Therefore, she advised that I should try my best to enlarge my vocabulary by means of reading. I did as the teacher told me. As a result, I made great progress. I appreciate her help very much.
三言
两语
1. First of all, we can share learning experience to promote our English study.
2. As a diligent student in my class, I have a good knowledge of English and can express my thoughts and opinions clearly and fluently to foreigners.
3. It is my honour to be here to share with you my experience on how to learn English well in senior high school.
1. 毫无疑问，写英语日记对你的书面英语帮助很大。
There_is_no_doubt_that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with your written English.
2. 我把英语看作最重要的学科之一，原因在于目前我们需要跟全世界不同地区的不同的人进行频繁的接触。
The_reason_why I regard English as one of the most important subjects is_that we need to make frequent contacts with different people in different parts of the world nowadays.
核
心
单
词
[默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词
1. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人
2. attitude n. 态度；看法
3. means n. 方式；方法；途径
4. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待
5. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值
6. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
7. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
8. description n. 描写(文字)；形容
9. affair n. 公共事物；事件；关系
10. despite prep. 即使；尽管
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1. There are quite a few different attitudes (attitude) towards the Chinese food.
2. In general, green is regarded (regard) as a symbol of life while red stands for joy and victory.
3. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ)His son, age 15, who had taken an art appreciation (appreciate) class, thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.
4. After a series of struggles (struggle), they were able to get the work done in the end.
5. I've never seen your English teacher. Can you give me a simple description (describe) of him？
续表
拓
展
单
词
[词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式
1. base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据→based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basis n. 基础；根据；基点→basic adj. 基础的；基本的；根本的；初级的→basically adv. 本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了
2. symbol n. 符号；象征→symbolic adj. 象征性的→symbolise vt. 象征；代表
3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v. 变化无常；多变；存在不同之处；使多样化→various adj. 多种(类型)的；各种各样的；不同的→varied adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的
4. major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 大多数；大部分
5. global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globe n. 地球仪；球；球状物
6. reference n. 指称关系；参考→refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 涉及；使……求助于
7. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→equally adv. 平等地→equality n. 平等
8. special adj. 特殊的→specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specially adv. 尤其；特别
9. relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n. 关系
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1. When I was in university, I majored in maths and boy students were in the majority in our class.(major)
2. These two accidents have close relation,and you should learn to_relate_them together. (relate)
3. Apart from the textbooks, I often refer to other reference materials to assist my studies. (refer)
4. Last week, we paid a visit to the exhibition hall in our city, where we saw a variety of robots. The type varies widely in size and shape. (vary)
5. Women should be treated equally and share equality with men in all fields. (equal)
阅
读
单
词
【教师用书独具】
1. billion n. 十亿
2. system n. 体系；制度；系统
3. factor n. 因素；要素
4. bone n. 骨头；骨(质)
5. shell n. 壳；壳状物
6. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻
7. dynasty n. 王朝；朝代
8. dialect n. 地方话；方言
9. classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著
10. character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 11. calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术
12. tongue n. 舌头；语言
13. semester n. 学期
14. gas n. 汽油；气体；燃气
15. petrol n. 汽油
16. subway n. 地铁
17. apartment n. 公寓套房
18. pants n. (BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially_NAmE)裤子
19. beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
20. gap n. 间隔；开口；差距
21. vocabulary n. 词汇 22. CE (＝Common Era) 公元
熟
词
生
义
1. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Published in 1964, it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.经典的
2. (北京卷)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me. 理解；明白
3. Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my regards to your parents. 问候
高频短语
短语应用
1. if_possible 如果可能的话
2. date_back_(to_...)追溯到
3. at_the_beginning起初
4. ups_and_downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
5. have_trouble/difficulty_with有……困难
6. be_connected_with与……连接
7. be of great importance (＝very important)十分重要
8. point_of_view观点；看法
9. depend_on 依靠；依赖；取决于
10. relate_to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
11. refer_to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
[语境运用1]填入一个适当的词
1. More often than not, children depend on their parents for almost everything.
2. Human health is connected with whether the drinking water is clean or not.
3. From my point of view, there is no way they can win the football match.
[语境运用2]填入一个适当的词
The ancient tower dates back 1. to the Tang Dynasty and it has experienced ups and 2. downs during hundreds of years. If 3. possible,I will visit it with my parents this summer vacation.
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1. the reason why ...
There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。
The_reason_why he could not go there was that he was ill in bed.
2. be＋of＋抽象名词
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。
The two children are of_the_same_age,but are of_different_heights.
3. no matter where ...
Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
无论你去什么地方，你都应该让你父母知道。
No_matter_where/Wherever_you_go,you should let your parents know.
4. the＋比较级， the＋比较级
It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
我们跟他相处的时间越长，他就会在我们中间越受欢迎。
The_longer we get along with him, the_more_popular with us he will be.
1. base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据
(1)base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon以……为基础；依据……
(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则；根据；基点
on the basis of ... 根据……；在……的基础上
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的；初级的；根本的
(4)based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
(5)basically adv. 本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了
[词块]
revolutionary bases革命根据地
use the house as a base for his business把这所房子作为他生意的总部
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.
②(2019·天津卷)Scientists have built an earlywarning system based (base) on mathematical models.
③Based (base) on a true love story, the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.
④Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
⑤As far as I'm concerned, common hobbies are the basis (base) of making friends.
⑥They have to have a basic (base) understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.
句式升级
(普通表达)The movie was based on a reallife incident. And it turned out to be a success.
⑦(高级表达)The movie, based_on_a reallife incident, turned out to be a success. (过去分词短语作定语)
2. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
(1) 各种各样的
(2)vary vi. 变化
vary in sth. 在(大小、形状等)方面不同；在某方面有差异
vary with ... 随……变化、改变
vary between ... and ... 从……到……转变
(3)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的；不同的
(4)varied adj. 各种各样的；形形色色的
单句语法填空
①(2020·天津卷)Libraries will often hold readinggroup sessions targeted to various (variety) age groups.
②Varieties (vary) of celebrations will be organised to display the agricultural harvest.
词汇升级
(普通表达) One satellite television has held all kinds of popular talent shows.
③(高级表达) One satellite television has held a_variety_of/varieties_of popular talent shows.
3. means n. 方式；方法；途径
by this means用这种方法
by means of通过；用；借助于
by no means决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子部分倒装)
by all means (用于交际英语中表示同意)当然可以；没问题；务必
a means of ... 一种……工具
means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
[词块]
a means of communication通信工具
a means to fight crime打击犯罪活动的举措
necessary means 必要手段
单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?
—By all means. He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
②(江苏卷)Watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment.
③Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing parttime jobs.
④(上海卷)Every possible means has (have) been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
补全句子/句式升级
⑤(普通表达)Punishment is by_no_means (决不) a wise choice to help children grow up mentally and physically.
⑥(高级表达)By_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choice_to help children grow up mentally and physically. (倒装句)
4. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会；理解
vi. 增值
(1)appreciate sth./(one's) doing sth. 感激某事物/(某人) 做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
(3)appreciative adj. 欣赏的；表示赞赏的；感激的
[词块]
appreciate your help 感谢你的帮助
appreciate the significance/value/importance of learning English理解学习英语的意义/价值/重要性
express my appreciation and thanks to you all 向你们所有人表示诚挚的感谢
单句语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)This is often appreciated (appreciate) since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.
②(全国卷Ⅰ)I'd appreciate your writing (write) me back at your earliest convenience.
③I appreciate being_given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
④I would like to convey my sincere appreciation(appreciate) to you for your assistance.
一句多译
(2018·全国卷 Ⅰ)如果你能考虑我的建议，我将感激不尽。
⑤I'd_appreciate_it_if you could take my suggestions into consideration. (appreciate)
⑥I'd_be_grateful_if you could take my advice into account. (grateful)
5. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
struggle with/against ... 与……做斗争
struggle for ... 为……而斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
[词块]
struggle through the snowstorm冒着暴风雪前进
a struggle for independence 为了独立而斗争
单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)Would you bet on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against_debt and misfortune.
②We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad for freedom.
③(2019·江苏卷)He struggled to_explain (explain) what he heard in his head.
④(浙江卷)The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard (hear).
⑤—Why didn't you give a hand to the boy?
—I'd like to, but he struggled to his feet before I tried to.
句式升级
(普通表达)Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
⑥(高级表达)Having_struggled_for_months_to_find a job as a waitress, Dina finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(现在分词短语作状语)
6. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的
(1)equal sb./sth. (in ...)(在……方面) 比得上；
与……匹敌；与……相等
be equal to sth./doing sth. (in ...)(在……方面)
与……相等；能胜任
(2)without (an) equal无人可比的
(3)equally adv. 同样地；相等地
(4)equality n. 相等；平等
[词块]
enjoy equal rights享有平等的权利
be equal in height同等高度
be equal to anything无所不能
单句语法填空
①Be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health.
②He is equal to accomplishing (accomplish) the task, for no one equals him in the area.
③Black people had to fight for social and economic equality (equal) with whites.
④Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally (equal) respected.
一句多译
在勇气方面没有人比得上他，这一点大家都清楚。
⑤No one equals_him_in_courage，about which everyone knows.(equal v. )
⑥No one is_equal_to_him_in_courage,about which everyone knows.(equal adj.)
7. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one's demands满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that ... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事
(3)demand to be done/doing (某事)需要被做
(4)demanding adj. 要求高的
demand只能用于demand to do sth., 不能用于demand sb. to do sth.。有类似用法的动词还有： hope, refuse, agree等。
[词块]
a demand for higher wages 加薪的要求
meet/satisfy the demands of the customers 满足客户的要求
单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷)Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding (demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.
②(2019·江苏卷)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy.
③The teacher came to the classroom and demanded to_be_told (tell) what was going on just now.
④My car demands to_be_repaired/repairing_(repair), so I have to go to work by bus.
⑤The boss demanded that everyone (should)_attend(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow.
词汇升级
(普通表达) Mo Yan's novels are needed greatly in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
⑥(高级表达) Mo Yan's novels are in_great_demand in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
8. date back (to ...)(＝date from)追溯到……；始于
out of date过时的；陈旧的
up to date最新式的；现代的
to date/so far 迄今；至今；到目前为止
fix/set a date for ... 确定……的日期
date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。
单句语法填空
①The old town dates (date) back to the late seventeenth century.
②Dating(date)back to 300 years ago，the stone house is well preserved.
③(天津卷)The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
④I have had many books on literature to date, but none of them are up to date.
⑤As far as I know, they have set the date for the meeting.
句式升级
(普通表达)The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.
⑥(高级表达)The festival dating_back_to_the_Ming_Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year. (现在分词短语作定语)
9. be＋of＋抽象名词
(教材原文)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 这种书写体系对中国人民的团结和文化的统一具有重要意义。
(1)“be＋of＋抽象名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征，此结构在句中可作表语或定语。
(2)“of＋抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词常见的有value, use, importance, help, interest等。它们可用no, some, any, little, much, great等词修饰。
(3)有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，这类名词包括size, weight, height, length, width, age, opinion, colour, price, kind，type, shape, way, quality等。这类名词根据具体的情景而变复数形式，也可在其前加冠词。如果后面的名词前有不定冠词a/an，则这个冠词相当于the same。
[金句]As we all know, having a balanced diet is of great benefit to us. 众所周知，均衡饮食对我们非常有益。
单句语法填空
①(全国卷Ⅰ)The “Foreign Culture” section in our newspaper is of great popularity among us students.
②Now I am very happy in the new school because I have a lot of good friends of an age.
③Your suggestions on how to solve the problem are very useful (use) to us.
词汇升级
(普通表达) This reference book is useless to middle school students so we had better consider buying others.
④(高级表达)This reference book is of_no_use to middle school students so we had better consider buying others.
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. As far as I'm concerned, I want to own a room based (base) on my own personal taste in the future.
2. Students should be encouraged to take part in a wide variety (vary) of afterschool activities.
3. We appreciate participating (participate) in this activity, which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young.
4. Having_struggled (struggle) for many years, he was finally admitted to a key university.
5. I don't think he is equal to doing (do) this kind of work, so I can't hire him.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
1. Basic research is of great importance in all scientific fields.
2. The plan which is related to the project is under discussion at the meeting.
3. As is known to all, the African elephant is native to Africa.
4. Some of the verbs can refer to more than one means of transport.
5. Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving Girl, which dates from the Han Dynasty.
查缺补漏
1. We paid a visit to Guilin, whose beauty was beyond description (describe).
2. The boss demanded that the work (should)_be_finished (finish) within a week, which made Mary very upset.
3. People's attitudes (attitude) towards the matter are different.
4. They have tried all means, which possibly are (be) helpful, but unfortunately not a means has_worked (work) so far.
5. Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to_lead (lead) an active life.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
(2020·三湘名校联盟联考)There are thousands of languages in the world. More people speak Mandarin (普通话) 1. than any other language. It is a form of Chinese. In the United States, many schools are teaching Mandarin to kids.
“Learning Chinese 2. offers (offer) a window into another world，” Michael Bacon told TFK. He leads immersion programmes at public schools in Portland, Oregon. Students through the 3. fifth (five) grade spend half the school day 4. learning (learn) Mandarin. The other half of the school day, they learn English. Students become bilingual. 5. Interest (interesting) in Mandarin is growing in US schools. There are many reasons for this. Mandarin challenges kids. It can make them get ready for the business world. It connects some kids to 6. their (they) heritage.
“The United States and China are two of the largest and most 7. powerful (power) countries in the world，” says Eugene Huang, 8. who leads the USChina Strong Foundation. “9. The more students understand China's culture, history and language, the better 10. prepared (prepare) they will be for the future，” Huang says.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①在大学期间，我主修英语。
While in university, I majored in English.
②然而，学习英语真费劲。
However, learning English was a struggle.
③尽管我很努力，我的成绩还是起起落落。
Despite all my effort, my grades had ups_and_downs.
④这让我很着急。
This made_me_very_worried.
⑤我不得不求助于我的英语老师。
I had to turn_to_my_English_teacher_for_help.
⑥我们谈了很多，她给了我很多具体的建议。
We talked a lot and she gave me a lot of specific suggestions.
⑦在她看来，其中一个主要的因素是词汇。
From_her_point_of_view,one of the main factors was vocabulary.
⑧她建议我努力通过阅读来扩大我的词汇量。
She advised that I should try my best to enlarge my vocabulary by_means_of reading.
⑨我照老师说的做了。
I did as_the_teacher_told_me.
⑩结果，我取得了很大的进步。
As a result, I made_great_progress.
⑪我非常感谢她的帮助。
I appreciate her help very much.
2. 升级平淡句
用 which引导的非限制性定语从句合并1中句③和句④
Despite all my effort, my grades had ups and downs, which made me very worried.
3. 衔接成文
While in university, I majored in English. However, learning English was a struggle. Despite all my effort, my grades had ups and downs, which made me very worried. I had to turn to my English teacher for help. We talked a lot and she gave me a lot of specific suggestions. From her point of view, one of the main factors was vocabulary. Therefore, she advised that I should try my best to enlarge my vocabulary by means of reading. I did as the teacher told me. As a result, I made great progress. I appreciate her help very much.
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