Unit 1 泛读 技能初养成 教材讲解 2021-2022学年【新教材】外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册

阅读P8－9教材课文，选出最佳选项1．What do we know about Lisa?A．She is invited to the School Talk.B．She will share her suggestions for high school with us.C．She graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college.D．All of the above.2．What helped Lisa when she first started high school?A．The teachers' advice.B．Orientation Day.C．Her parents' support.D．Her friends' encouragement.3．How did Lisa deal with new challenges，like starting a new course?A．She cried for a long time.B．She tried to avoid the test papers.C．She decided to face failure bravely.D．She refused to take the exams.4．How did Lisa deal with her not being selected for the end­of­year competition?A．She kept being angry.B．She tried to forget it.C．She forgot why she joined the team.D．She kept working hard to support her teammates.[答案]　1－4　DBCDWords and Phrases　argue v．争论，争辩(教材原句P6)Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds!与学校最敏锐的头脑讨论本周最热门的话题！[例]　They both agreed to see a film but they argued with each other about/over which film to see.他们俩都同意看电影，但却为看哪部电影而彼此争论。[知识拓展](1)argue for/against　　 赞成/反对argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事argue with sb.about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事(2)argument n.     争论beyond argument  无可争辩[即学即练]　单句语法填空①It's no use arguing about/over the question with him for he won't change his opinion.②It is beyond argument that Hong Kong is an indivisible part of China.③We tried many ways to argue him into accepting our advice，but in vain.[小片段填空]They had argued with each other for about one hour when a newcomer brought up a new argument(argue)，which surprised everyone present.And he tried to argue everyone into agreeing with him.　apply v．申请；适用于/运用于(与to连用)(教材原句P7)After­school activities also play a part when students apply to college.学生申请大学时，课外活动也起到一定的作用。[例]　She applied to the international school for a job as an English teacher.她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。[知识拓展]application n.　 请求；申请；申请表；应用applicant n.     申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等)apply (to sb.)for sth. (向某人)申请某事apply to do sth.     申请做某事[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He has applied to join(join)the army.②This rule cannot apply to children under the age of 5.③I'd like to apply for the position you advertised in China Daily.④After graduation from university，I'll apply what I have learned to my future job.[小片段填空]In order to apply for the scholarship，I apply myself to writing the application(apply).But I am only one of the applicants(apply)，so I don't know whether I can get it or not.　take up 占用时间(空间)；拿起；接受；开始；继续(教材原句P7)However，they can take up a lot of time，so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules.然而，它们占据了大量的时间，因此学生不得不学会安排自己繁忙的日程。[例]　Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.开会和接电话占用了一天中的大部分时间。[知识拓展]take in　 吸收；领会；收留；欺骗take off     起飞；脱掉；开始成功take on　     呈现；开始雇用take over     接收；接管take out     拿出；获得[即学即练]　单句语法填空①The plane took off on time yesterday.②Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.③Briggs will take over as general manager when Mitchell retires.④Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.⑤We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up．　graduate v．毕业(教材原句P9)Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York.丽莎去年六月从我们学校毕业，即将去纽约上大学。[例]　He graduated in physics from Tsinghua University.他是清华大学物理专业毕业的。[知识拓展](1)graduate from...　 毕业于(……学校)graduate in...     毕业于(……专业)(2)graduation n.     毕业；毕业典礼[即学即练]　单句语法填空①He will graduate from Fudan University next year.②After graduating (graduate)from college，he has been devoting his life to education.　go all out全力以赴，竭尽全力(教材原句P9)But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens.但当时我认为我最好全力以赴，然后看看情况。[例]　We have to go all out and catch up with the students ahead of us.我们要鼓足干劲赶上我们前面的那些同学。[知识拓展]go all out for sth. 　 为……而全力以赴go all out to do sth.   全力以赴去做某事go against      违背；违反go over      仔细检查；认真讨论；用心思考 [即学即练]　单句语法填空①You must go all out  for your ideal university.②Now our friend is in trouble，we should go all out to help (help)him.③He would not go against his parents' wishes so he chose to be a doctor.④Go over your work for spelling mistakes before you hand it in.Sentence Pattern　must have done(教材原句P9)You must have had some moments when you were disappointed.你一定有过失望的时候。句式分析：本句中must have had是must have done结构，表示“过去一定做过”，是对过去发生的动作的肯定推测。[例]　She must have cried just now for she has red eyes.她刚才一定是哭了，因为她眼圈红红的。[知识拓展]其他“情态动词＋have done”的用法：(1)should/ought to have done两者均含委婉的批评、责备之意。肯定式表示过去应该做某事而未做，意为“本应该做……”；否定式表示做了不该做的事情，意为“本不应该做……”。(2)can/could have done用于疑问句或否定句中，表示对行为可能性的推测。could have done用于肯定的陈述句中，表示与过去事实相反的假设，表示“本能够去做却没有做”。(3)may/might have done表示对过去情况不肯定的推测，意为“也许做过”，常用于肯定句，不用于疑问句；另外might have done还可表示委婉的责备，意为“其实(本来)可以……”。(4)needn't have done表示一种不必要的过去行为，意为“本来不必做却做了……”，一般用于否定句或疑问句。[即学即练]　用“情态动词＋have done”结构完成句子①路是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。The road is wet.It must have rained last night.②昨晚他不可能在办公室工作，因为(昨天)晚上六点他得参加一个聚会。He can't have worked at the office last night，for he had to go to a party at 6：00 p．m.③时间很充足，她本不必着急的。There was plenty of time; she needn't have hurried．细节理解题细节理解题主要考查考生对阅读材料中某些特定细节的理解能力。在做题时，首先看准题干，弄清问题所在，然后运用略读和寻读相结合的方法，把选项与原句进行比较，也可以用排除法。为了增加试题难度，细节理解题的正确选项的表达一般不用文章中的原话，而是使用同义词或近义词替换、句型变换等手段来表达。[例题剖析](2020·全国卷Ⅰ·A·节选)Train InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property(失物招领)Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am to 5：00 pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.……Guardian trains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6：42 pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7：37 pm7：29 pmCentralVarsity Lakes8：52 pm8：57 pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9：52 pm11：02 pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12：22 am21.What would you do to get ticket information?A．Call 13 16 17.B．Visit translink.com.au.C．Ask at the local station.D．Check the train schedule.C　[考查细节理解题之直接信息题。定位关键信息源：第一段的第二句“For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”。据此可知，你可以到当地车站询问(ask at your local station)，故选C项。]22．At which station can you find the lost property office?A．Altandi.　　 B．Roma Street.C．Varsity Lakes. D．Fortitude Valley.B　[考查细节理解题之直接信息题。定位关键信息源：第三段的第二句“The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am to 5：00 pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.”。据此可知，失物招领处位于Roma Street station，故选B项。][即学即练]　请快速确定下面这段文字的细节Marble CavesLocated in the center of Lake General Carrera，the Marble Caves in Chico，Chile，are only accessible by boat.The surrounding crystal clear waters allow visitors to see the rock formations beneath them while the rock ceilings above change color(depending on the writer levels and the season).The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset，when the sun's rays light up the cave walls，making it an experience to remember.Why is sunset the best time to visit Marble Caves?A．Because it has enough light in it.B．Because it has the most beautiful scenery.C．Because it is surrounded by clear waters.D．Because boats are only available at sunset.[答案]　A