Unit 1 教学 知识细解码 教材讲解 2021-2022学年【新教材】外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册
展开1．curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇心2．impress vt.给某人留下印象→impression n．印象；感想→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的3．tradition n．传统→traditional adj.传统的4．eager adj.渴望的→eagerness n. 热切，渴望5．explore v．考察，探险→explorer n．探险家；勘探者→exploration n．探测6．collect vt.收集；募捐→collection n. (一批)收藏品7．organise v．组织→organised adj.有组织的；系统的→organisation n．组织8．challenge n．挑战→challenger n．挑战者→challenging adj.挑战性的9．describe vt.描述→description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容10．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→confidencen.信心，信任senior adj. (地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的 n．老年人； 毕业班学生①The seniors over 65 years old can enter free. 老年人②She is senior to me because she entered the company earlier.(地位、级别)高的③Qiu Kai is a senior who will go to college next year. 毕业班学生Words and Phrases eagerness n．热切，渴望(教材原句P2)I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school.我早早醒来，怀着想了解新学校的急切心情冲出家门。[例] On the first day I couldn't control my eagerness to get to know my new classmates.上学的第一天，我控制不住自己认识新同学的急切心情。[知识拓展](1)with eagerness 热切地in one's eagerness to do... 渴望做……，急于要做……(2)eager adj. 热切的，渴求的，渴望的be eager for 急于得到……be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事be eager for sb.to do sth. 渴望某人做某事(3)eagerly adv. 热切地[即学即练] 单句语法填空①My eagerness (eager)to study in a famous university has been keeping me working hard.②Carl pushed ahead in his eagerness to get a free ticket to the show.③Many students are eager to find (find)a good way to improve their writing skills in a short time.[小片段填空]Bob was eager for a chance to learn traditional Chinese painting，so he was eager to join (join)in the exchange. impression n．印象，感想(教材原句P3)What could I say to make a good first impression?我应该说什么才能留下良好的第一印象呢？[例] The first English class of the new teacher left/made a good impression on the students.新老师的第一堂英语课给学生们留下了一个好印象。[知识拓展](1)leave/make a(n)...impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象(2)impress v. 给……留下深刻的好印象be impressed with/by... 对……印象深刻impress sth.on/upon sb. 使某人意识到impress sth./itself on/upon sth. 使铭记(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；令人惊叹的[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He impressed me with his honesty.＝I was impressed with/by his honesty.②Back Street Boys made a good impression on/upon Chinese audience.③She impressed on/upon us the importance of studying hard.④—What do you think of the butterfly exhibition?—Wonderful！I was deeply impressed (impress).⑤Also，I would be meeting new people，and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good impression (impress).[小片段填空]Hangzhou is really an impressive(impress)place.The famous West Lake always leaves a deep impression on the visitors.I was deeply impressed by/with its beauty the first time I saw it. breathe v．呼吸(教材原句P3)With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.我情绪紧张，做了一个深呼吸。[例] After knowing the result of the body examination，Jim breathed out deeply.知道体检结果以后，吉姆深深地呼出一口气。[知识拓展](1)breathe in 吸气breathe out 呼气(2)breath n. 呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气take a deep breath 深呼吸out of breath 喘不上气hold one's breath 屏住呼吸；屏息以待[即学即练] 单句语法填空①The teacher told him to breathe in deeply and then began his speech.②The little children ran all the way and arrived home out of breath(breathe).③The swimmer took a deep breath and held his breath(breathe)before he jumped to save the dog in the river. panicn.惊恐，惊慌vi.&vt.(panicked，panicked，panicking)(使)惊慌(教材原句P3)Everyone started laughing.I looked at them in panic.所有人都开始笑。我惊慌失措地看着他们。[例] The whole class panicked when the teacher said that there would be a quiz today.老师说今天要测验时，全班同学都惊慌失措。[知识拓展]get into a panic 陷入惊慌in panic 惊慌地[即学即练] 单句语法填空① She got into a real panic when she thought she had lost her tickets.②“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！”The mother shouted in panic.③When he heard the terrible words，he panicked(panic)and ran away quickly. embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的(教材原句P3)Although I was embarrassed，his words made me a lot more relaxed!虽然我很尴尬，但他的话让我放松了许多！ [例] The shy boy feels embarrassed about speaking English in public.这个害羞的男孩对在公众场合说英语感到尴尬。[知识拓展]be/feel embarrassed about 对……感到尴尬embarrass vt. 使尴尬，使困窘，使局促不安embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的，令人难堪的embarrassment n. 难堪to one's embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He was very embarrassed(embarrass)to hear people speak so highly of him.②Having lost my money，I was in an embarrassing(embarrass)position.③To my embarrassment(embarrass)，the interviewer asked me a very personal question.[小片段填空]The embarrassed look on the young man's face showed that he felt very embarrassed at his own embarrassing words.In order to avoid the words of embarrassment like these，he decided to make an apology to the angry old man.(embarrass) (教材原句P3)Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure.类似这样的挑战或许有时会让你们有压力。(1)challenge n.挑战；挑战书vt.向……挑战；对……表示怀疑[例] When you face a challenge，you must believe you can overcome it and never give up.当你面临挑战的时候，你必须坚信你能克服它，而且决不放弃。[知识拓展](1)face a challenge 面临挑战take up/accept a challenge 接受挑战(2)challenge sb.to sth. 向某人挑战某事challenge sb.to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事(3)challenger n. 挑战者challenging adj. 挑战性的[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子①Although the game was challenging，he challenged himself to it without hesitation(犹豫).(challenge)②He was very confident and always ready to take up any challenge.③玛丽向我挑战，要我跟她再打一场网球。Mary challenged me to play another tennis game.[小片段填空]I，as the first challenger in my class，challenged Li Hua，who was good at English，to learn 100 new words by heart within half an hour.It was really a challenging thing，and he gladly accepted the challenge．Much to my happiness，I beat him in the end.(challenge)(2)pressure n．[U]心理压力，紧张；催促，强迫；[C，U]压力，压强[例] Her health becomes poor under the pressure of work.工作的压力使她的身体变差了。[知识拓展](1)under pressure 在压力下under the pressure of... 在……的压力下put/bring pressure on sb. ＝put sb.under pressure 给某人施加压力blood pressure 血压(2)press vi.& vt. 按，压(使启动)；挤，推，施加压力n. 报刊；新闻界[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He had to give up his favorite work under the pressure (press)of his parents.②Parents need to encourage the kids to develop their potential(潜能)without putting too much pressure on them.③Some people work better under pressure，so moderate(适度的)pressure may be helpful. depend on取决于，由……决定；依靠，信赖；指望；需要(教材原句P3)But it all depends on what you do.不过一切都取决于你们去做什么。[例] How much progress you can get depends a lot on your own effort.你能取得多少进步很大程度上取决于你自身的努力。[知识拓展](1)depend on sb.to do sth.＝depend on sb./sb.'s doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事depend on it that... 相信/指望……(it为形式宾语)(2)It/That(all)depends. 那得看情况(而定)。(交际用语)[即学即练] 单句语法填空①We shouldn't depend on/upon robots too much，for they were made to help humans rather than replace (替代)us.②—The weather turns out to be fine.—We can depend on it that the goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time.③Tom is always late for meeting，so you can't depend on him to arrive (arrive)on time.④—David，when will you pay a visit to California?—I can't decide at present.It just depends (depend). calm adj.镇静的，沉着的；(天气)无风的；(海洋)风平浪静的 vt.& vi.(使)平静，(使)镇静(教材原句P3)Keep calm and be prepared.保持镇定，做好准备。[例] The skillful young man can always keep calm whatever problems come out.不论发生什么难题，这位技巧娴熟的年轻人总能保持镇静。[知识拓展](1)keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇静(2)calm...down 使……平静(或安静、镇静)calm down 平静，安静，镇静[词义辨析] calm，quiet，still，silentcalm“平静的，镇静的”，指天气“无风”，指海洋“风平浪静”；指人的情绪镇静、平静。quiet“平静的，安静的”，指没有吵闹声、噪音或内心不烦躁。still“静止的”，指人时侧重某人一动不动地保持一种姿势；指物时表示静止不动。silent“沉默的，不说话的，无声的”，指人时强调沉默不语，指环境时表示不喧闹的，无声的。[即学即练] 选词填空calm，quiet，still，silent①The most important thing is to keep calm when we deal with an emergency.②Please sit still while I take your photo.③Can't you keep the children quiet while we are sleeping?④You are the one witness and had better keep silent about this. make the most of充分利用(教材原句P3)That way，you'll make the most of your time at senior high.这样，你们就能充分利用你们的高中时间。[例] The young lady has learned to make the most of every chance offered to her.这位年轻的女士学会了充分利用提供给她的每一次机会。[知识拓展]make the best of 充分利用make use of 利用；使用make good/full/little use of 好好/充分/未充分利用[即学即练] 一句多译我们做研究工作时应当充分利用因特网。①We should make full use of the Internet when we do research work.(use)②We should make the best of the Internet when we do research work.(best)③We should make the most of the Internet when we do research work.(most)Sentence Patterns Sb.was doing sth.when...(教材原句P2)I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.我正看着布告栏里的照片，这时听到了身后的说话声。句式分析：Sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……，句中when作并列连词，连接两个并列分句。[例] We were sleeping when there was a knock at the door.我们正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。[知识拓展]when作并列连词时还常用于以下句型：Sb.had just done sth.when... 某人刚做完某事，这时(突然)……Sb.was about to do sth.when... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……Sb.was on the point of doing sth.when... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……[即学即练] 单句语法填空① I was driving(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.②Mrs. Woo said that her husband had just left for work when she felt (feel)that her house was moving.③I was about to leave when the owner of the shop waved at me.④One day，I was cooking in the kitchen when the telephone rang (ring). 现在分词(短语)作时间状语(教材原句P2)Turning around，I saw a whitehaired man.我转身，看到一位白发苍苍的老人。句式分析：(1)现在分词(短语)作时间状语时，分词的逻辑主语为句子的主语；(2)现在分词(短语)作时间状语时，可以转换成时间状语从句；(3)现在分词(短语)作时间状语时，分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时或几乎同时发生。[例] Opening your mind，you will find more ways to solve the problem.打开思维，你会发现更多解决该问题的方法。[即学即练] 用现在分词短语改写下列句子。①When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out.→Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out.②After they had finished their homework，they went home.→Having finished their homework，they went home. too...to...太……而不能……(教材原句P3)I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself!我太紧张了，老师做自我介绍都没有注意听！句式分析：too...to...意思是“太……以至于不能……”，too后面通常接形容词或者副词，表示“太过于……”，to后是表示结果的状语。too...to...与so...that...都可用于结果状语，区别在于to后加动词原形，that后加完整的结果状语从句。[例1] He is too young to dress himself.他太小，不会自己穿衣服。[例2] They got up too late to catch the first bus.他们起得太晚，不能赶上早班车。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①He is too frightened to say a word.②He ran so quickly that we couldn't catch up with him.教材高考1.What was your first impression of your new school？(2020·浙江卷)A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.2.With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.(2019·北京卷)On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.3.But it all depends on what you do.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.4.Choose the best description of Meng Hao's first day at senior high.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Whatever it is，the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The children ran out of the room，laughing (laugh)happily.2．The Spring Festival is our country's traditional (tradition)festival.3．I couldn't hide my eagerness (eager)to get back home.4．I want to become a member of this organisation (organise).5．The police's arrival panicked the thief into running away.6．The work is really challenging (challenge)so you must work hard on it.7．The gunmen calmly (calm)walked away and escaped in a waiting car.8．How beautiful the West Lake is!9．I was curious (curiosity)to find out what she had said.10．She has every confidence (confident)in her students' abilities.Ⅱ.短语填空turn around, keep calm, pay attention to, depend on, one by one, over and over again, wake up, in panic, make the most of，under pressure1．After hearing the news the crowd ran out in panic．2．Money is neither good nor bad，but it depends on what use is made of it.3．The students numbered off one by one from the left to the right.4．You should keep calm even in the face of danger.5．This question is very important so I hope all of you pay attention to it.6．He refused to give the document up even under pressure．7．I turned around to see if anyone was following me.8．Every student should make the most of what he has to achieve what he wants.9．Listen，she is singing the same song over and over again．10．They are talking in a whisper in order not to wake up the sleeping baby.Ⅲ.课文语法填空Meng Hao got up early and 1.rushed (rush)to his new school.When he arrived，2.the campus was still quiet，so he decided 3.to explore (explore)it.When he was looking at the 4.photos (photo)on the noticeboard，he met a whitehaired man 5.who/that，later，he was 6.surprised (surprise)to find out was his English teacher.During the English class，Meng Hao was nervous about 7.introducing (introduce)himself in front of the class.Because he had the same name as his teacher，the students burst out laughing.Thanks to his teacher's words，he felt a lot more 8.relaxed (relax).The teacher also advised everyone to keep calm and prepare 9.themselves (they)for the unknown.Meng Hao thought he had a positive attitude 10.to/towards his new school life.
