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湖南省岳阳县第一中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期第一次月考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省岳阳县第一中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期第一次月考试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三年级上学期第一次阶段考试
英语试题
时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man’s middle name?
A. Andy. B. James. C. Lee.
2. Who will play with Simon?
A. His sister. B. His mother. C. His father.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a holiday house in Spain.
B. In the speakers’ new house.
C. At the home of the woman’s parents.
4. What will the man do next?
A. Cook supper. B. Meet with a buyer. C. Return to his office.
5. When does the bank close on Saturdays?
A. At 1:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 4:00 p.m.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What day is it today?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
7. What will Mark’s father probably do tomorrow?
A. Fly to Singapore. B. Perform in a concert. C. Sing a song for the class.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why did the man continue to work as a foreign language teacher?
A. His parents asked him to.
B. His school persuaded him to.
C. He loves to experience different things.
9. Who will pay the man?
A. Two schools. B. Only one school. C. Neither of the two schools.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Why did the woman leave Japan?
A. She decided to start a company of her own.
B. She had to come back to look after her parents.
C. She couldn’t find a suitable job after the earthquake.
11. What does the woman want to work as now?
A. A secretary. B. A designer. C. A teacher.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Call the manager. B. Read an application. C. Look for a job.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Where is Kanda from?
A. Thailand. B. England. C. Russia.
14. What is Mr. Sung mainly talking about?
A. The present problems in China.
B. The history of Chinese business.
C. The good things happening in his company.
15. How does Mr. Sung sound?
A. Optimistic. B. Anxious. C. Humorous.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Boss and worker. C. Friends.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What does the speaker want listeners to do?
A. Study science.
B. Visit some attractions in London.
C. Learn about British culture.
18. Which place is fun for the whole family according to the speaker?
A. Big Ben. B. The London Eye. C. The London Science Museum.
19. What is the top 10 London attractions list based on?
A. The history of the attractions. B. The size of the attractions. C. The number of visitors.
20. What does the speaker ask listeners to do in the end?
A. Book online. B. Wait in all queues patiently. C. Visit during the low season.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Reading on the go
*FReader
A standard reading app for eBooks and audiobooks, FReader supports a variety of formats. The program is very pleasant to the eye and is adjustable to various spectrums (光谱). Apart from being a reading app, FReader has an integrated translator for five languages (English, Russian, German, French, and Ukrainian), making the app attractive to people across the world. You can also select a section of the page you are reading and share it via social networks, Bluetooth, SMS and other methods.
*AlReader
Although it can read every type of book, AlReader is specially designed for Sci-Fi lovers. The app doesn’t support iOS but you can open many book formats on your Android phone. This app has enhanced graphical (图解的) features and a wide range of customization options that focus on providing the best quality for fictional book reading.
*Nook
Nook is strongly integrated with the online store Banes & Noble, where you can find over a million free books on their website or purchase new titles for the price of as low as $0.99. You can also buy you eBooks anywhere and they will automatically appear in the Nook library. The app supports most eBook formats.
*Scribd
Scribd has come a long way from the document-reading app it was initially. Today, it is one of the most famous programs with over a million titles in its library. Upon registration, you get a 30-day demoaccount that lets you read all the books you want for free! Apart from books, Scribd provides comic books, audiobooks articles, scientific studies, court cases and uncommon genres that no other app offers. You can even publish your own book on this platform.
1. Why is FReader attractive to international readers?
A. It doesn’t harm your eyes.
B. It has many customization options.
C. It has a powerful integrated translator.
D. Users can share what they read via social networks.
2. What can you do with AlReader?
A. Buy Sci-Fi books. B. Enjoy great graphics.
C. Read on an iOS device. D. Publish your own writing.
3. Where can you read books from Banes & Noble for free?
A. FRcader. B. AlReader.
C. Nook. D. Scribd.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了四种读书软件的用途和好处。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章FReader部分的“Apart from being a reading app, FReader has an integrated translator for five languages(English, Russian, German, French, and Ukrainian), making the app attractive to people across the world.(FReader除了是一款阅读应用外，还集成了五种语言（英语、俄语、德语、法语和乌克兰语）的翻译器，使该应用程序对世界各地的人们都具有吸引力。)可知FReader对国际读者很有吸引力，因为它有一个强大的集成翻译器。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章AIReader部分的“This app has enhanced graphical(图解的) features and a wide range of customization options that focus on providing the best quality for fictional book reading.(此应用程序具有增强的图形功能和广泛的自定义选项，专注于为虚构书籍阅读提供最佳质量。)”可推知使用AIReader，我们可以欣赏出色的图形。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Nook部分的“Business model:Free app.With the partnership with Banes & Noble, you can find over a million free books on their website or purchase new titles for the price of as low as s0.99.(商业模式：免费应用程序。通过与 Barnes & Noble 的合作，您可以在他们的网站上找到超过一百万本免费书籍或以低至0.99 美元的价格购买新书。)”可知您可以在 Nook上免费阅读Barnes & Noble的书籍。故选C。
B
Photographer Rebecca Douglas has always been crazy about the night sky. Her love of the stars has taken the UK resident on “star walking” trips to Iceland and into the Arctic. For nature lovers like Douglas star walking turns out to be a good way to enjoy life.
Hiking at night isn’t uncommon. Plenty of people hike after dark to get to campsites or watch sun rise from a mountaintop. Star walking goes a step further by mixing hiking with stargazing. Rather than heading to an observatory or setting up a telescope in your backyard, star walking takes you on a brief journey to look at the stars from different viewpoints.
“An observatory can never take the place of getting out into a rural landscape under a blanket of stars,” says Gary Lintern of Stargazing Nights in Durham, England, who leads guided nighttime hikes. “It’s a magical experience, and I enjoy sharing it, especially at some of my favorite locations, like the High Force Waterfall, England’s largest waterfall, in Teesdale.”
There are plenty of studies that show the health benefits of being in nature. Spending at least two hours a week outdoors, particularly while engaging in activities that involve “effortless attention”, can decrease blood pressure, heart rale, and stress levels. Walking at night has the added benefit of improving sleep, which is important for overall health, says Christina Pierpaoli Parker, a behavioral sleep researcher at the University of Alabama. Parker says that star walking works on two physiological processes that determine sleep quality. “Movement and exercise, such as relaxing stargazing walks outside, may facilitate sleep,” she says.
Lintern advises reading up on the night sky before setting out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies and are easy to use—simply point your phones at the sky to get a map. Websites like Sky & Telescope and NASA’s Space Place cover the basics, have in-depth explanations forconstellations (星座), and offer advice on gear and equipment.
At the end of the day. the best advice is to take it slow and enjoy the journey.
4. Why did Douglas go to lceland?
A. To take photos there. B. To enjoy the night sky there.
C. To experience daily life there. D. To search for an observatory there.
5. What can we know about star walking?
A. It is a combination of hiking and stargazing. B. It is similar to stargazing at an observatory.
C. It only requires a telescope in your backyard. D. It becomes more popular because of Gray Lintern.
6. What does the underlined word “facilitate” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Slow. B. Worsen. C. Prevent. D. Promote.
7. What’s the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. Some useful mobile apps. B. Famous websites about hiking.
C. Proper suggestions on star walking. D. Basic knowledge of equipment for stargazing.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是星空漫步结合了徒步旅行和观星的活动，对于观星者的身心健康都有好处，并告诉我们要做一名观星者的必要装备。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Photographer Rebecca Douglas has always been crazy about the night sky. Her love of the stars has taken the UK resident on “star walking” trips to Iceland and into the Arctic. For nature lovers like Douglas star walking turns out to be a good way to enjoy life.(摄影师丽贝卡·道格拉斯一直都很迷恋夜空。她对星星的爱让这位英国居民开始了去冰岛和北极的“星空漫步”之旅。对于像道格拉斯这样的自然爱好者来说，星空漫步是享受生活的一种好方式。)”可知，道格拉斯去冰岛是为了欣赏那里的夜空。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Star walking goes a step further by mixing hiking with stargazing.(星际漫步则更进一步，它将徒步旅行与观星相结合。)”可知，星空漫步是徒步旅行和观星的结合。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Walking at night has the added benefit of improving sleep, which is important for overall health(夜间散步还有改善睡眠的额外好处，这对整体健康很重要)”以及划线句上文“Parker says that star walking works on two physiological processes that determine sleep quality. (帕克说，星空漫步涉及到决定睡眠质量的两个生理过程。)”可知，Parker认为星空漫步有利于睡眠，因此推断划线词所在的句子表示“运动和锻炼，比如放松地在户外观星散步，可能有助于睡眠”，划线词facilitate的意思是“改善，提升”，和Promote意思相近，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段的“Lintern advises reading up on the night sky before setting out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies and are easy to use—simply point your phones at the sky to get a map.(Lintern建议在出发前仔细了解夜空。免费的手机应用程序，比如Star Walk 2，可以帮助识别天体，而且很容易使用——只要把你的手机指向天空就可以得到一张地图。)”可知，第五段主要讲的是关于进行星空漫步的适当建议。故选C。
C
Katherine Rooks, a Denver-based writer, had sent her son a text message about coming home from school “I could tell from his response that he became upset suddenly in our thread. And when he came home, he came over and said, ‘What did you mean by this?’ “Rooks was confused.” So we looked at the text together and I said, “Well, I meant, see you later, or something. I don ‘t remember exactly what it said.’ And he said, ‘But you ended with a full stop! I thought you were really angry!”Rooks wasn’t angry, and she explained to her son that, well, periods are how you end a sentence.
But in text-messaging—at least for younger adult--periods do more than just end a sentence: they also can set a tone. Gretchen McCulloch, a linguist, said that when it comes to text-messaging, the period has lost its original purpose. But that doesn’t mean the period has lost all the purposes in text-messaging. Now it can be used to indicate seriousness or a sense of finality. “But caution is needed,” said McCulloch, noting that problems can start to arise when you combine a period with a positive emotion, like “sure” or “sounds good”.
A period can accidentally set a tone. A recent study conducted by Binghamton University psychology professor Celia Klin confirmed this. Researchers asked undergraduates to evaluate a text exchange that included an innocent question and the answer “Yes”. Some saw “Yes” with a period and some saw the word without. They found consistently through many experiments that “Yes” with a period resulted in responses that were more negative. So people thought “Yes” with a period was less friendly, less sincere, and so on.“I really don’t like getting text messages that end in periods because it always feels so passive-aggressive,” said Juan Abenante Rincon, 24, a social media manager for Adidas. “Like, are you mad? What’s going on? Like, did I do something wrong?”
Klin said this demonstrates language is constantly changing. “Language evolution has happened; it’ll continue to happen and isn’t it great that we’re so linguistically flexible and creative?”
8. Why does the text begin with Katherine’s conflict with her son?
A. To lead in the use of period in texting. B. To emphasize the great power of words.
C. To show youngsters’ attitudes towards texting. D. To suggest the right use of punctuation marks.
9. Why is Juan Abenante Rincon mentioned in the text?
A. To make assessments on the recent study. B. To confirm the findings of the recent study.
C. To put forward doubts about the recent study. D. To show great opposition for the recent study.
10. What is Celia Klin’s attitude towards the changes in the meanings of full stops?
A. Disapproving. B. Conservative. C. Worried. D. Positive.
11. What can be the suitable title of the passage?
A. Full Stops: Be Original B. Full Stops: Be Cautious
C. Language Evolution: Be Flexible D. Language Evolution: Be Consistent
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是随着语言的发展，标点符号的作用并不仅限于它们原来的用途，当把积极的词汇和严肃的标点符号连用时，会造成消极对抗。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“But in text-messaging—at least for younger adult--periods do more than just end a sentence(但在短信中——至少对年轻人来说——句号不仅仅是一个句子的结尾)”可知，文章的开头是凯瑟琳和她儿子的冲突是为了引出在短信中使用句号这个话题，故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“They found consistently through many experiments that “Yes” with a period resulted in responses that were more negative. So people thought “Yes” with a period was less friendly, less sincere, and so on.(他们通过许多实验一致发现，带句号的“是”会导致更消极的回应。所以人们认为带句号的“是”不那么友好，不那么真诚，等等。)”可知，文章提到Juan Abenante Rincon是为了证实最近的研究发现。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Language evolution has happened; it’ll continue to happen, and isn’t it great that we’re so linguistically flexible and creative?(语言已经发生了进化;这种情况还会继续发生，我们在语言上如此灵活和富有创造力，这不是很棒吗？)”可知，Celia Klin对句号含义的变化持赞成的态度，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“Language evolution has happened; it’ll continue to happen, and isn’t it great that we’re so linguistically flexible and creative?(语言已经发生了进化；这种情况还会继续发生，我们在语言上如此灵活和富有创造力，这不是很棒吗？)”可知，本文主要介绍了语言的发展的灵活性，因此最好的题目是C选项“Language Evolution: Be Flexible(语言进化：要灵活)”，故选C。
D
The Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics saw many excellent athletes compete on the ice and snow, prompting an enthusiasm for winter sports in China. In fact, the country has had a deep relationship with winter sports since ancient times, with skiing originating in the Altay prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.
In 2005, cave paintings of Altay people hunting on skis with poles were discovered, which archaeologists estimated could be more than 10,000 years old. Since then, Altay has been recognized by many as one of the birthplaces of skiing, according to Xinhua.
As one of the richest collections of ancient rock art in China, there are herds of camels, sheep, wolves and human figures. The painting on the roof of a cave in Dundebulake village of Altay prefecture depicts humans on skis, bending their knees as they travel alongside animals, including deer and moose.
The rock art in Dundebulake is well preserved because the pictographs (象形文字) are well hidden in the cave.
Additionally, Alta’s dry climate has been a useful preserving agent, according to a 2016 research paper published by the Hebei Normal University.
Unique geographical and climatic conditions make skiing an indispensable part of local people’s lives. The climate in Altay is mild and not too windy, so skiers are less affected by weather conditions, allowing them to safely move faster.
Unlike the modern skis we use nowadays, fur skis have been used as a means of transportation for the snowfield inhabitants of Altay for more than 100 centuries, according to rock carvings uncovered in the area.
Making skis has been a traditional skill. The handmade skis have a layer of horse skin. The fur on the horse skin can help decrease friction (摩擦力) when they slide down the hill, while the skis also prevent skiers from falling when they walk up. At the same time, they have a wooden stick in hand to keep balance, according to China Daily.
Fur ski competitions have been held annually by the local government. Many locals would display their maneuvers (高超的移动) at the competitions.
12. Which of the following is evidence that Altay is one of the birthplaces of skiing?
A. Altay people wore skis to hunt animals. B. The modern skis are very similar to fur skis.
C. Local people have used fur skis for a long time. D. Humans on skis were depicted in cave drawings.
13. What have fur skis been used for in Altay since ancient times?
A. Hunting. B. Transportation. C. Competition. D. Entertainment.
14. How does horse skin benefit skiers?
A. It helps them better control directions. B. It makes them slide more comfortably.
C. It helps them slide down smoothly. D. It helps them keep steady while sliding.
15. What does the article mainly talk about?
A. The origins of skiing in Altay. B. The ancient rock art found in Altay.
C. The development of skiing in China. D. The current popularity of skiing in Altay
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲是滑雪起源于阿勒泰，说明了相关的研究发现。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“In 2005, cave paintings of Altay people hunting on skis with poles were discovered, which archaeologists estimated could be more than 10,000 years old. Since then, Altay has been recognized by many as one of the birthplaces of skiing, according to Xinhua.(2005年，人们在洞穴中发现了阿勒泰人用滑雪杖狩猎的壁画，考古学家估计这些壁画可能有1万多年的历史。据新华社报道，从那时起，阿勒泰就被许多人认为是滑雪运动的发源地之一。)”可知，能证明阿勒泰是滑雪的发源地之一的是在洞穴壁画中描绘了滑雪的人类。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Unlike the modern skis we use nowadays, fur skis have been used as a means of transportation for the snowfield inhabitants of Altay for more than 100 centuries, according to rock carvings uncovered in the area.(根据阿尔泰地区出土的岩雕，与我们现在使用的现代滑雪板不同，毛皮滑雪板作为阿尔泰雪地居民的交通工具已经有100多个世纪的历史了。)”可知，自古以来，阿勒泰人用毛皮滑雪板做交通工具。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The fur on the horse skin can help decrease friction (摩擦力) when they slide down the hill(马皮上的皮毛可以减少他们滑下山时的摩擦力)”可知，马皮对滑雪者的好处是帮助它们顺利地滑下来。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics saw many excellent athletes compete on the ice and snow, prompting an enthusiasm for winter sports in China. In fact, the country has had a deep relationship with winter sports since ancient times, with skiing originating in the Altay prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.(在北京冬奥会和残奥会上，众多优秀运动员在冰雪赛场上展开角逐，激发了中国民众对冬季运动的热情。事实上，我国自古以来就与冬季运动有着深厚的渊源，滑雪运动起源于新疆维吾尔自治区的阿勒泰地区。)”可知，本文主要讲述了滑雪起源于阿勒泰。故选A。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处最佳项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
The China State Council issued a document in early August, suggesting employers across the country make flexible working arrangements and give their workers Friday afternoons off during hot summer days in order to boost tourism and consumption.
Online surveys have shown that most correspondents are in favor of the State Council’s proposal for longer weekends, as two and a half days are enough even for one to plan a short journey. People will have more time to be together with their families. ____16____
However, there are doubts as to whether this well-intentioned initiative can be put into practice. ____17____ While the regular two-day weekend is still a dream for a large number of working people in various industries, a two-and-half-day weekend is really a luxury many people can barely afford.
____18____ If staff workers of government departments and public institutions no longer work on Friday afternoons, local residents will have nowhere to go if they have urgent issues to solve through these establishments.
Obviously, the only way out is to implement policies concerning paid annual leave in a realistic manner so that the working people can make arrangements for their days off work. As a result, holidaymakers don’t need to all rush to the same scenic spots during the same period of time, which would be beneficial to the protection and operation of these spots. ____19____ Thus it serves the initial purpose of boosting economic growth through developing tourism.
____20____ The government is supposed to pay more attention to the protection of labor rights and employ all possible means to ensure their holidays as well as the functions of government institutions, instead of just making economically motivated policies.
A. Also, this is an effective way to increase consumer spending.
B. The right of workers to rest and paid annual leave are protected under the law.
C. A larger number of workers, if not all, will benefit from official holiday arrangements.
D. Most people think that they will actually not be able to enjoy the benefits of such a scheme.
E. After rest and relaxation, employees will become more energetic when they come back to work.
F. Another worry is that this measure will finally be exclusively (专有地) enjoyed by a limited number of employees.
G. As long as paid annual leave remains unrealistic in most industrial sectors, the two-and-half-day weekend seems pointless.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。国务院办公厅鼓励依法优化调整夏季作息安排，为职工周五下午与周末结合外出休闲度假创造有利条件。在稳定全国统一的既有节假日前提下，各单位和企业可根据自身实际情况，将带薪休假与本地传统节日、地方特色活动相结合，安排错峰休假。
【详解】1. 根据空前“People will have more time to be together with their families. ”（人们将有更多的时间和家人在一起）可知，享受更长的周末，员工可以和家人在一起休息，再回到岗位能够更有活力。故E 项“After rest and relaxation, employees will become more energetic when they come back to work.”（经过休息和放松，当员工回到工作岗位时，他们会变得更有活力）符合语境。故选E。
2. 根据空前“However, there are doubts as to whether this well-intentioned initiative can be put into practice.”（然而，有人怀疑这一善意的倡议是否能付诸实践）可知，人们对此项政策能够实施产生疑虑，担心无法受益。故D项“Most people think that they will actually not be able to enjoy the benefits of such a scheme.”（大多数人认为他们实际上无法享受到这样一个计划带来的好处）符合语境，呼应doubts。故选D。
3. 根据空后“ If staff workers of government departments and public institutions no longer work on Friday afternoons, local residents will have nowhere to go if they have urgent issues to solve through these establishments.”（如果政府部门和事业单位的工作人员在周五下午不上班，当地居民如果有紧急问题需要通过这些机构解决，就无处可去了）可知，另外一个担心是政府机关周五下午放假导致紧急公共服务缺失。F项“Another worry is that this measure will finally be exclusively (专有地) enjoyed by a limited number of employees.”（另一个担忧是，这一措施最终将只适用于有限数量的员工）符合语境。故选F。
4. 根据空前“Obviously, the only way out is to implement policies concerning paid annual leave in a realistic manner so that the working people can make arrangements for their days off work. As a result, holidaymakers don’t need to all rush to the same scenic spots during the same period of time, which would be beneficial to the protection and operation of these spots. ”（显然，唯一的出路是切实执行带薪年假政策，让劳动人民可以安排他们的休息日。这样一来，度假者就不需要在同一时间段都赶往同一景点，这将有利于这些景点的保护和运营）可知，建议改进以保障政策实施到位，由此推知，下面要进一步指出这样做的优点。A项“Also, this is an effective way to increase consumer spending.”（此外，这也是增加消费支出的有效方式） 符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据空后“ The government is supposed to pay more attention to the protection of labor rights and employ all possible means to ensure their holidays as well as the functions of government institutions, instead of just making economically motivated policies.”（政府应该更加关注劳工权利的保护，采取一切可能的手段来确保他们的假期以及政府机构的功能，而不是仅仅制定经济驱动的政策）可知，总结使带薪年休实施到位的重要性。除非政府保护否则两天半的周末没有意义。G项“As long as paid annual leave remains unrealistic in most industrial sectors, the two-and-half-day weekend seems pointless.”（只要带薪年假在大多数工业部门仍然不现实，两天半的周末似乎就没有意义）符合语境。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题1分；满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A 29-year-old man who recently graduated from medical school found a special way to show respect and gratitude for his parents while looking back at how far they’ve come.
Erick Juarez graduated from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University in May after ___21___ his MD (Doctor of Medicine). To celebrate the accomplishment, the resident physician went to the ___22___ where his parents, Loreto and Maricela Juarez, have worked since the 1980s. Erick ___23___ the occasion by taking graduation photos with his parents, including one in the field with his mom ___24___ was shared on his post.
It has now become a ___25___ for Erick, who returns to the farm each time he gets a new degree to honor the ___26___ that his parents have made for him and his four siblings. “I wanted to honor my parents ___27___ showcasing them to my friends and the world. My parents arrived here with nothing to ___28___ but everything to gain,”Erick said.
From a young age, he knew he wanted to be a doctor, so he made every ___29___ to achieve that goal. First, Erick became a student of Bainbridge High School. He went on to ___30___ attend an academy before earning a Bacbelor at Harvard University—making him the first one from his hometown to graduate from the famous school. This spring, Erick continued his string of ___31___ by obtaining his medical degree at the Medical College of Gcorgia at Augusta University.
Following his graduation, he ___32___ his journey on a post, calling his accomplishment a “victory lap”. “My graduation from medical school was one small step for me, one ___33___ leap for my family. It’s as much, if not more, a victory lap for them ___34___ it is for me. And I couldn’t be prouder of them,” he continued. “I am the first in my entire family ___35___ to earn a white-collar job. And I get to help folks feel better—this is the best part!”
21. A. awarding B. reaching C. earning D. shifting
22. A. farm B. school C. hospital D. church
23. A. remembered B. forgot C. recalled D. marked
24. A. whom B. who C. that D. what
25. A. gesture B. tradition C. preference D. belief
26. A. sacrifice B. preparation C. arrangement D. allowance
27. A. in B. between C. with D. by
28. A. eat B. lose C. use D. do
29. A. effort B. certainty C. sense D. decision
30. A. deliberately B. apparently C. briefly D. satisfactorily
31. A. accomplishments B. implements C. replacements D. agreements
32. A. concentrated on B. decided on C. went on D. reflected on
33. A. moderate B. small C. giant D. mild
34. A. since B. till C. so D. as
35 A. reputation B. history C. background D. connection
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Erick Juarez在获得医学博士学位后，和父母在田野里拍照来庆祝，并在网上发帖，以此向自己的父母表示敬意，文章也描述了他努力获得学位的过程。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Erick Juarez在获得医学博士学位后，于今年5月从乔治亚州奥古斯塔大学医学院毕业。A. awarding授予，颁发；B. reaching到达；C. earning获得；D. shifting转变。由前文“Erick Juarez graduated from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University ”和后文“his MD (Doctor of Medicine)”可知，获得了医学博士学位后Erick Juarez从大学毕业，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了庆祝这一成就，这位住院实习医生来到了他的父母洛雷托和Loreto Juarez自上世纪80年代以来一直工作的农场。A. farm农场；B. school学校；C. hospital医院；D. church教堂。由后文“including one in the field with his mom”可知，他父母是在农场工作，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了纪念这一天，埃里克和父母一起拍了毕业照，其中一张照片被分享在了他的帖子上，照片是他和妈妈在田野里拍的。A. remembered记得；B. forgot忘记；C. recalled回想起；D. marked纪念，庆贺。由后文“the occasion by taking graduation photos with his parents”可知，他是为了纪念他毕业的那一天与父母拍了照片，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念这一天，埃里克和父母一起拍了毕业照，其中一张照片被分享在了他的帖子上，照片是他和妈妈在田野里拍的。A. whom谁；B. who谁；C. that那个；D. what什么。“was shared on his post”是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词one指的是“照片”，是物，因此空格处用关系代词that，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，这已经成为埃里克的一个传统，他每次拿到新学位都会回到农场，以纪念父母为他和他的四个兄弟姐妹所做的牺牲。A. gesture姿势；B. tradition传统；C. preference偏爱；D. belief信念。由后文“returns to the farm each time he gets a new degree”可知，他每次拿到新学位都会回到农场，这成了他的传统，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，这已经成为埃里克的一个惯例，他每次拿到新学位都会回到农场，以纪念父母为他和他的四个兄弟姐妹所做的牺牲。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. preparation准备；C. arrangement安排；D. allowance津贴。由后文“his parents have made for him and his four siblings”可知，他的父母应该是为他和他的四个兄弟姐妹做出牺牲。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我想通过向我的朋友和全世界展示我的父母来向我的父母表示敬意。A. in在……里面；B. between在……之间；C. with和；D. by通过。由上文“I wanted to honor my parents”和后文“showcasing them to my friends and the world”可知，此处表示“我想通过向我的朋友和全世界展示我的父母来向我的父母表示敬意”，空格处意为“通过”，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母来到这里时一无所有，却得到了一切。A. eat吃；B. lose失去；C. use用；D. do做。由后文“but everything to gain”可知，句子表示“我的父母来到这里时一无所有，却得到了一切”，也就是没有任何东西可以失去，空格处用lose，和后文的gain形成对比，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从很小的时候，他就知道他想成为一名医生，所以他尽了一切努力来实现这个目标。A. effort努力；B. certainty肯定；C. sense感觉；D. decision决定。由前文“From a young age, he knew he wanted to be a doctor”和下文的so可推断，前后文是因果关系，他很小就梦想成为一名医生，因此他尽一切努力来实现这个目标。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在获得哈佛大学学士学位之前，他曾短暂地上过一所学院——这使他成为他家乡第一个从这所著名的学校毕业的人。A. deliberately故意地；B. apparently显然；C. briefly短暂地；D. satisfactorily令人满意地。由后文“before earning a Bacbelor at Harvard University”可知，在获得哈佛大学学士学位之前，他曾短暂地上过一所学院，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年春天，埃里克继续他的一系列成就，获得了他在奥古斯塔大学Gcorgia医学院的医学学位。A. accomplishments成就；B. implements实施；C. replacements取代（或代替）的人（或物）；D. agreements同意。由后文“by obtaining his medical degree at the Medical College of Gcorgia at Augusta University.”可知，埃里克继续他的一系列成就，获得了他在奥古斯塔大学Gcorgia医学院的医学学位。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕业后，他在帖子上反思自己的历程，将自己的成就称为“绕场一圈庆祝胜利”。A. concentrated on集中于；B. decided on决定；C. went on开始；D. reflected on反思。由后文“calling his accomplishment a ‘victory lap'”以及下文可知，这是他在反思自己所发的帖子，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从医学院毕业对我来说是一小步，对我的家庭来说是一大步。A. moderate谦虚的；B. small小的；C. giant巨大的；D. mild温和的。由上文“My graduation from medical school was one small step for me”可知，句子表示“我从医学院毕业对我来说是一小步，对我的家庭来说是一大步”，空格处是“巨大的”，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：对他们和对我，如果不是更多，也是一样，是应该绕场一周来庆祝的胜利，A. since自从；B. till直到；C. so所以；D. as和……一样。由上文“if not more”可知，对作者的父母来说，这是应该绕场一周来庆祝的胜利，对作者来说也是，as much as意为“和……一样多”，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是我们家族历史上第一个做白领的人。A. reputation名声；B. history历史；C. background背景；D. connection连接。由上文“And I couldn’t be prouder of them”和后文“to earn a white-collar job”可知，我是家人最大的骄傲，因此推断此处表示“我是我们家族历史上第一个做白领的人”，故选B。
第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
The first domestic chickens we have found lived no earlier than 3,670 years ago, suggesting they have a far shorter history than we thought. These birds don’t seem to have been raised for their meat, ____36____ (make) it unclear what drove domestication. The chickens alive today descend from a wild bird native to South-East Asia ____37____ (call) the red jungle fowl, but exactly ____38____ domestication occurred was unclear. Some researchers have estimated that the first domestic chicken lived more than 6000 years ago, while others claim ____39____ (find) chicken bones at 10,000-year-old sites. ____40____ analysis by Ophelie Lebrasseur at the Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse in France and her team concludes that the ____41____ (early) clear evidence of domestic chickens appeared between 1,650 BC and 1,250 BC at a site called Ban Non Wat in central Thailand. Not only ____42____ (be) chicken bones superabundant at the site, but there are signs that people were buried with the birds, ____43____ Lebrasseur says makes a domestic relationship clear. Lebrasseur and her team suspect chicken domestication might have been triggered by the ____44____ (appear) of cereal fanning in South-East Asia. “This created a more open, less tree-covered environment, which is actually an environment where red jungle fowl thrive,” she says, “And they could have fed ____45____ the waste from human societies.”
【答案】36. making
37. called 38. when
39. to have found 40. An
41. earliest
42. are 43. which
44. appearance 45. on
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了家养鸡的历史。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些鸟似乎不是为了吃肉而饲养的，不清楚是什么驱动了驯化。分析可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为结果状语，所以此处用现在分词。故填making。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：今天活着的这些鸡是一种原产于东南亚的野生鸟类——红色丛林鸡的后代，但是确切的驯化时间还不清楚。分析可知，句中已有谓语动词descend，此处为过去分词作后置定语修饰名词a wild bird，意为“被叫做red jungle fowl的野鸟”，故填called。
3. 考查连词。句意同上。空处引导主语从句，从句成分完整，此处指究竟什么时候开始驯养鸡的还不明确，连接副词when“什么时候”，符合题意，故填when。
4. 考查非谓语。句意：一些研究人员估计，第一只家鸡生活在6000多年前，而其他人声称发现鸡骨头在10,000年前的遗址。claim to do sth“声称做某事”，是固定短语，且“发现”发生在“声称”之前，应用不定式的完成式，故填to have found。
5. 考查冠词。句意：法国图卢兹人类生物学和基因组学中心的奥菲利·勒布拉瑟和她的研究小组的一项分析得出结论，最早明确的家鸡证据出现在公元前1650年至公元前1250年之间的泰国中部一个叫 Ban Non Wat 的地方。analysis“研究”为可数名词，结合句中“analysis by Ophelie at the Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse in France and her team ”可知，此处指法国图卢兹人类生物学和基因组学中心的奥菲利·勒布拉瑟和她的研究小组的一项分析，所以表示泛指，因analysis的首个音素为元音音素，所以用不定冠词an，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填An。
6. 考查形容词最高级。句意同上。定冠词the用在形容词的最高级前面，此处指最早的证据出现在1,650 BC and 1,250 BC之间，故填earliest。
7. 考查主谓一致。句意：现场不仅有大量的鸡骨头，而且有迹象表明人们和这些鸟一起被埋葬，勒布拉塞尔说，这清楚地表明了家庭关系。主语为chicken bones，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；故填are。
8. 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析可知，空处及其后内容为非限制定语从句，空处指代前面整句话，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which，故填which。
9. 考查名词。句意：勒布拉瑟和她的团队怀疑，东南亚谷物种植的出现可能引发了鸡的驯化。结合空前定冠词可知，此处要用名词。故填appearance。
10. 考查介词。句意：它们可以以人类社会的垃圾为食。固定短语：feed on以……为食。故填on。
第四部分：写作
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是新华中学李华，你的外籍朋友Michael来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，正巧这学期你校要开设“话说中国节(Festive China)”的线上课程，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括：
1.开设时间；2.课程内容；3.报名方式。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Michael,
An online course entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school. Knowing you are an enthusiast of Chinese culture, I’m writing to recommend it to you.
The course is arranged on every Friday evening from September 1, consisting of 12 two-hour sessions, each of which introduces different Chinese festivals. You may learn origins, backgrounds and customs of them. If you desire to participate in it, you can visit our school website and enroll yourself before next Friday.
I’m sure the course appeals to you. Don’t miss the chance!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给对中国文化很感兴趣的外籍朋友Michael回信，向其推荐学校要开设的“话说中国节(Festive China)”这一线上课程，介绍课程内容、开设时间及报名方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
定名为：entitle→name
设立，安排：set up→arrange
参与：participate in→join in
登记，报名参加：enroll→ sign up
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：An online course entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school.
拓展句：An online course, which is entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Knowing you are an enthusiast of Chinese culture, I’m writing to recommend it to you.（运用了现在分词作原因状语）
[高分句型2]
The course is arranged on every Friday evening from September 1, consisting of 12 two-hour sessions, each of which introduces different Chinese festivals. （运用了“代词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语编写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a single mother in my 30s who lived down and out with my daughter Peggy in a small apartment, struggling hard to make our needs meet.
One day, I headed to the downtown for an interview. I sat down in the streetcar, and there against the seat was a beautiful silk umbrella with a silver handle decorated with gold scrolls, among which there was a name carved.
On impulse(冲动) I determined to find the owner myself. I got off the streetcar in the heavy rain and thankfully opened the umbrella to protect myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name, I found it immediately and called it, waiting patiently, and then a lady answered.
"Yes, “she said in surprise, with extreme excitement." It was my umbrella which had been stolen a year ago.”
So appealing was her pleasure that I forgot I was looking for a job and went directly to her small house. She took the umbrella, with teary eyes, explaining with choking voice that the umbrella was given by her parents, now dead, Her happiness at retrieving(找回)this special possession was such that to have accepted her reward would have spoiled something, so I refused her offer and left.
The following months were hard. I can only obtain temporary employment, for a small salary. What was worse, I had just lost my last job before Christmas, with only fifteen dollars left. Unless a miracle happened, I would be homeless in January, foodless and jobless. I had prayed steadily for weeks, and there had been no answer but this coldness and darkness.
The air was full of Christmas merriment, with the bells ringing and children shouting in the bitter dusk of the evening. But there should be no Christmas for me, I knew, no gifts, no remembrance whatsoever.
Thinking of this, I couldn’t control my tears on my way home, but I managed a smile so could greet my little daughter. She opened the door for me and threw herself in my arms, screaming joyously and demanding desirably for her Christmas gift. There I stood, frozen, overwhelmed by misery.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus. Then I heard man talking heartily to her and went to the door, He was a delivery man, and his arms were full of parcels. “This is a mistake, " I said, but he read the name on the parcels and they were for me. When he had gone, I didn't know what to do. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other. What a surprise! I looked for the name of the sender.
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes. I picked up the note, which read "Thanks for returning of the umbrella. Merry Christmas! ""It was sent by the lady. Holding the note tightly, I was on the verge of tears, with a stream of warmth spreading through my body. On that cold Christmas, I forgot I had no money for the rent and only fifteen dollars in my pocket. We just sat in our small apartment unwrapping the gifts one by one in happiness. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个30多岁的单身母亲，在去面试路上的电车里捡到一把伞，并根据伞上信息，找到伞的而主人，将伞物归原主并且拒绝了酬谢。接下来，这位母亲在穷困潦倒的生活中迎来了圣诞节，却苦于没有钱付房租以及买食物、送礼物给女儿的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，门铃响了，佩吉急忙去开门，说一定是圣诞老人。”可知，第一段可先描写门打开后，这位母亲看到的确有送包裹之人后的疑惑以及她和女儿确定包裹是给她们时的惊喜。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，贴在一个包裹上的一张纸条吸引了我的目光”可知，第二段可描写这位母亲发现这个包裹的寄送人是其之前所归还伞的主人，以及这个人的此番举动为这对母女在寒冷的圣诞节带来的温暖和希望。
2.续写线索：收到包裹——感到困惑和惊喜——发现纸条——感到温暖和希望
3.词汇激活
动作类
①收到礼物：heard man talking heartily to her/went to the door
②读便条：pick up the note/read
情绪类
①.热情：heartily/ kindly
②.幸福：satisfaction/ contentment/ happiness/ fulfilment/ happiness
【点睛】
[高分句型]. Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa
Claus.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作非谓语动词calling的宾语）
[高分句型2]. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
（由关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other.
（非谓语之现在分词熟练运用）
听力答案：1—5 CBBAC 6—10 CBACB 11—15 AABCC 16—20 BACBA
高三年级上学期第一次阶段考试
英语试题
时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man’s middle name?
A. Andy. B. James. C. Lee.
2. Who will play with Simon?
A. His sister. B. His mother. C. His father.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a holiday house in Spain.
B. In the speakers’ new house.
C. At the home of the woman’s parents.
4. What will the man do next?
A. Cook supper. B. Meet with a buyer. C. Return to his office.
5. When does the bank close on Saturdays?
A. At 1:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 4:00 p.m.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What day is it today?
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
7. What will Mark’s father probably do tomorrow?
A. Fly to Singapore. B. Perform in a concert. C. Sing a song for the class.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why did the man continue to work as a foreign language teacher?
A. His parents asked him to.
B. His school persuaded him to.
C. He loves to experience different things.
9. Who will pay the man?
A. Two schools. B. Only one school. C. Neither of the two schools.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Why did the woman leave Japan?
A. She decided to start a company of her own.
B. She had to come back to look after her parents.
C. She couldn’t find a suitable job after the earthquake.
11. What does the woman want to work as now?
A. A secretary. B. A designer. C. A teacher.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Call the manager. B. Read an application. C. Look for a job.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Where is Kanda from?
A. Thailand. B. England. C. Russia.
14. What is Mr. Sung mainly talking about?
A. The present problems in China.
B. The history of Chinese business.
C. The good things happening in his company.
15. How does Mr. Sung sound?
A. Optimistic. B. Anxious. C. Humorous.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Boss and worker. C. Friends.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What does the speaker want listeners to do?
A. Study science.
B. Visit some attractions in London.
C. Learn about British culture.
18. Which place is fun for the whole family according to the speaker?
A. Big Ben. B. The London Eye. C. The London Science Museum.
19. What is the top 10 London attractions list based on?
A. The history of the attractions. B. The size of the attractions. C. The number of visitors.
20. What does the speaker ask listeners to do in the end?
A. Book online. B. Wait in all queues patiently. C. Visit during the low season.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Reading on the go
*FReader
A standard reading app for eBooks and audiobooks, FReader supports a variety of formats. The program is very pleasant to the eye and is adjustable to various spectrums (光谱). Apart from being a reading app, FReader has an integrated translator for five languages (English, Russian, German, French, and Ukrainian), making the app attractive to people across the world. You can also select a section of the page you are reading and share it via social networks, Bluetooth, SMS and other methods.
*AlReader
Although it can read every type of book, AlReader is specially designed for Sci-Fi lovers. The app doesn’t support iOS but you can open many book formats on your Android phone. This app has enhanced graphical (图解的) features and a wide range of customization options that focus on providing the best quality for fictional book reading.
*Nook
Nook is strongly integrated with the online store Banes & Noble, where you can find over a million free books on their website or purchase new titles for the price of as low as $0.99. You can also buy you eBooks anywhere and they will automatically appear in the Nook library. The app supports most eBook formats.
*Scribd
Scribd has come a long way from the document-reading app it was initially. Today, it is one of the most famous programs with over a million titles in its library. Upon registration, you get a 30-day demoaccount that lets you read all the books you want for free! Apart from books, Scribd provides comic books, audiobooks articles, scientific studies, court cases and uncommon genres that no other app offers. You can even publish your own book on this platform.
1. Why is FReader attractive to international readers?
A. It doesn’t harm your eyes.
B. It has many customization options.
C. It has a powerful integrated translator.
D. Users can share what they read via social networks.
2. What can you do with AlReader?
A. Buy Sci-Fi books. B. Enjoy great graphics.
C. Read on an iOS device. D. Publish your own writing.
3. Where can you read books from Banes & Noble for free?
A. FRcader. B. AlReader.
C. Nook. D. Scribd.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了四种读书软件的用途和好处。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章FReader部分的“Apart from being a reading app, FReader has an integrated translator for five languages(English, Russian, German, French, and Ukrainian), making the app attractive to people across the world.(FReader除了是一款阅读应用外，还集成了五种语言（英语、俄语、德语、法语和乌克兰语）的翻译器，使该应用程序对世界各地的人们都具有吸引力。)可知FReader对国际读者很有吸引力，因为它有一个强大的集成翻译器。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章AIReader部分的“This app has enhanced graphical(图解的) features and a wide range of customization options that focus on providing the best quality for fictional book reading.(此应用程序具有增强的图形功能和广泛的自定义选项，专注于为虚构书籍阅读提供最佳质量。)”可推知使用AIReader，我们可以欣赏出色的图形。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Nook部分的“Business model:Free app.With the partnership with Banes & Noble, you can find over a million free books on their website or purchase new titles for the price of as low as s0.99.(商业模式：免费应用程序。通过与 Barnes & Noble 的合作，您可以在他们的网站上找到超过一百万本免费书籍或以低至0.99 美元的价格购买新书。)”可知您可以在 Nook上免费阅读Barnes & Noble的书籍。故选C。
B
Photographer Rebecca Douglas has always been crazy about the night sky. Her love of the stars has taken the UK resident on “star walking” trips to Iceland and into the Arctic. For nature lovers like Douglas star walking turns out to be a good way to enjoy life.
Hiking at night isn’t uncommon. Plenty of people hike after dark to get to campsites or watch sun rise from a mountaintop. Star walking goes a step further by mixing hiking with stargazing. Rather than heading to an observatory or setting up a telescope in your backyard, star walking takes you on a brief journey to look at the stars from different viewpoints.
“An observatory can never take the place of getting out into a rural landscape under a blanket of stars,” says Gary Lintern of Stargazing Nights in Durham, England, who leads guided nighttime hikes. “It’s a magical experience, and I enjoy sharing it, especially at some of my favorite locations, like the High Force Waterfall, England’s largest waterfall, in Teesdale.”
There are plenty of studies that show the health benefits of being in nature. Spending at least two hours a week outdoors, particularly while engaging in activities that involve “effortless attention”, can decrease blood pressure, heart rale, and stress levels. Walking at night has the added benefit of improving sleep, which is important for overall health, says Christina Pierpaoli Parker, a behavioral sleep researcher at the University of Alabama. Parker says that star walking works on two physiological processes that determine sleep quality. “Movement and exercise, such as relaxing stargazing walks outside, may facilitate sleep,” she says.
Lintern advises reading up on the night sky before setting out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies and are easy to use—simply point your phones at the sky to get a map. Websites like Sky & Telescope and NASA’s Space Place cover the basics, have in-depth explanations forconstellations (星座), and offer advice on gear and equipment.
At the end of the day. the best advice is to take it slow and enjoy the journey.
4. Why did Douglas go to lceland?
A. To take photos there. B. To enjoy the night sky there.
C. To experience daily life there. D. To search for an observatory there.
5. What can we know about star walking?
A. It is a combination of hiking and stargazing. B. It is similar to stargazing at an observatory.
C. It only requires a telescope in your backyard. D. It becomes more popular because of Gray Lintern.
6. What does the underlined word “facilitate” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Slow. B. Worsen. C. Prevent. D. Promote.
7. What’s the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. Some useful mobile apps. B. Famous websites about hiking.
C. Proper suggestions on star walking. D. Basic knowledge of equipment for stargazing.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是星空漫步结合了徒步旅行和观星的活动，对于观星者的身心健康都有好处，并告诉我们要做一名观星者的必要装备。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Photographer Rebecca Douglas has always been crazy about the night sky. Her love of the stars has taken the UK resident on “star walking” trips to Iceland and into the Arctic. For nature lovers like Douglas star walking turns out to be a good way to enjoy life.(摄影师丽贝卡·道格拉斯一直都很迷恋夜空。她对星星的爱让这位英国居民开始了去冰岛和北极的“星空漫步”之旅。对于像道格拉斯这样的自然爱好者来说，星空漫步是享受生活的一种好方式。)”可知，道格拉斯去冰岛是为了欣赏那里的夜空。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Star walking goes a step further by mixing hiking with stargazing.(星际漫步则更进一步，它将徒步旅行与观星相结合。)”可知，星空漫步是徒步旅行和观星的结合。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Walking at night has the added benefit of improving sleep, which is important for overall health(夜间散步还有改善睡眠的额外好处，这对整体健康很重要)”以及划线句上文“Parker says that star walking works on two physiological processes that determine sleep quality. (帕克说，星空漫步涉及到决定睡眠质量的两个生理过程。)”可知，Parker认为星空漫步有利于睡眠，因此推断划线词所在的句子表示“运动和锻炼，比如放松地在户外观星散步，可能有助于睡眠”，划线词facilitate的意思是“改善，提升”，和Promote意思相近，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段的“Lintern advises reading up on the night sky before setting out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies and are easy to use—simply point your phones at the sky to get a map.(Lintern建议在出发前仔细了解夜空。免费的手机应用程序，比如Star Walk 2，可以帮助识别天体，而且很容易使用——只要把你的手机指向天空就可以得到一张地图。)”可知，第五段主要讲的是关于进行星空漫步的适当建议。故选C。
C
Katherine Rooks, a Denver-based writer, had sent her son a text message about coming home from school “I could tell from his response that he became upset suddenly in our thread. And when he came home, he came over and said, ‘What did you mean by this?’ “Rooks was confused.” So we looked at the text together and I said, “Well, I meant, see you later, or something. I don ‘t remember exactly what it said.’ And he said, ‘But you ended with a full stop! I thought you were really angry!”Rooks wasn’t angry, and she explained to her son that, well, periods are how you end a sentence.
But in text-messaging—at least for younger adult--periods do more than just end a sentence: they also can set a tone. Gretchen McCulloch, a linguist, said that when it comes to text-messaging, the period has lost its original purpose. But that doesn’t mean the period has lost all the purposes in text-messaging. Now it can be used to indicate seriousness or a sense of finality. “But caution is needed,” said McCulloch, noting that problems can start to arise when you combine a period with a positive emotion, like “sure” or “sounds good”.
A period can accidentally set a tone. A recent study conducted by Binghamton University psychology professor Celia Klin confirmed this. Researchers asked undergraduates to evaluate a text exchange that included an innocent question and the answer “Yes”. Some saw “Yes” with a period and some saw the word without. They found consistently through many experiments that “Yes” with a period resulted in responses that were more negative. So people thought “Yes” with a period was less friendly, less sincere, and so on.“I really don’t like getting text messages that end in periods because it always feels so passive-aggressive,” said Juan Abenante Rincon, 24, a social media manager for Adidas. “Like, are you mad? What’s going on? Like, did I do something wrong?”
Klin said this demonstrates language is constantly changing. “Language evolution has happened; it’ll continue to happen and isn’t it great that we’re so linguistically flexible and creative?”
8. Why does the text begin with Katherine’s conflict with her son?
A. To lead in the use of period in texting. B. To emphasize the great power of words.
C. To show youngsters’ attitudes towards texting. D. To suggest the right use of punctuation marks.
9. Why is Juan Abenante Rincon mentioned in the text?
A. To make assessments on the recent study. B. To confirm the findings of the recent study.
C. To put forward doubts about the recent study. D. To show great opposition for the recent study.
10. What is Celia Klin’s attitude towards the changes in the meanings of full stops?
A. Disapproving. B. Conservative. C. Worried. D. Positive.
11. What can be the suitable title of the passage?
A. Full Stops: Be Original B. Full Stops: Be Cautious
C. Language Evolution: Be Flexible D. Language Evolution: Be Consistent
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是随着语言的发展，标点符号的作用并不仅限于它们原来的用途，当把积极的词汇和严肃的标点符号连用时，会造成消极对抗。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“But in text-messaging—at least for younger adult--periods do more than just end a sentence(但在短信中——至少对年轻人来说——句号不仅仅是一个句子的结尾)”可知，文章的开头是凯瑟琳和她儿子的冲突是为了引出在短信中使用句号这个话题，故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“They found consistently through many experiments that “Yes” with a period resulted in responses that were more negative. So people thought “Yes” with a period was less friendly, less sincere, and so on.(他们通过许多实验一致发现，带句号的“是”会导致更消极的回应。所以人们认为带句号的“是”不那么友好，不那么真诚，等等。)”可知，文章提到Juan Abenante Rincon是为了证实最近的研究发现。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Language evolution has happened; it’ll continue to happen, and isn’t it great that we’re so linguistically flexible and creative?(语言已经发生了进化;这种情况还会继续发生，我们在语言上如此灵活和富有创造力，这不是很棒吗？)”可知，Celia Klin对句号含义的变化持赞成的态度，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“Language evolution has happened; it’ll continue to happen, and isn’t it great that we’re so linguistically flexible and creative?(语言已经发生了进化；这种情况还会继续发生，我们在语言上如此灵活和富有创造力，这不是很棒吗？)”可知，本文主要介绍了语言的发展的灵活性，因此最好的题目是C选项“Language Evolution: Be Flexible(语言进化：要灵活)”，故选C。
D
The Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics saw many excellent athletes compete on the ice and snow, prompting an enthusiasm for winter sports in China. In fact, the country has had a deep relationship with winter sports since ancient times, with skiing originating in the Altay prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.
In 2005, cave paintings of Altay people hunting on skis with poles were discovered, which archaeologists estimated could be more than 10,000 years old. Since then, Altay has been recognized by many as one of the birthplaces of skiing, according to Xinhua.
As one of the richest collections of ancient rock art in China, there are herds of camels, sheep, wolves and human figures. The painting on the roof of a cave in Dundebulake village of Altay prefecture depicts humans on skis, bending their knees as they travel alongside animals, including deer and moose.
The rock art in Dundebulake is well preserved because the pictographs (象形文字) are well hidden in the cave.
Additionally, Alta’s dry climate has been a useful preserving agent, according to a 2016 research paper published by the Hebei Normal University.
Unique geographical and climatic conditions make skiing an indispensable part of local people’s lives. The climate in Altay is mild and not too windy, so skiers are less affected by weather conditions, allowing them to safely move faster.
Unlike the modern skis we use nowadays, fur skis have been used as a means of transportation for the snowfield inhabitants of Altay for more than 100 centuries, according to rock carvings uncovered in the area.
Making skis has been a traditional skill. The handmade skis have a layer of horse skin. The fur on the horse skin can help decrease friction (摩擦力) when they slide down the hill, while the skis also prevent skiers from falling when they walk up. At the same time, they have a wooden stick in hand to keep balance, according to China Daily.
Fur ski competitions have been held annually by the local government. Many locals would display their maneuvers (高超的移动) at the competitions.
12. Which of the following is evidence that Altay is one of the birthplaces of skiing?
A. Altay people wore skis to hunt animals. B. The modern skis are very similar to fur skis.
C. Local people have used fur skis for a long time. D. Humans on skis were depicted in cave drawings.
13. What have fur skis been used for in Altay since ancient times?
A. Hunting. B. Transportation. C. Competition. D. Entertainment.
14. How does horse skin benefit skiers?
A. It helps them better control directions. B. It makes them slide more comfortably.
C. It helps them slide down smoothly. D. It helps them keep steady while sliding.
15. What does the article mainly talk about?
A. The origins of skiing in Altay. B. The ancient rock art found in Altay.
C. The development of skiing in China. D. The current popularity of skiing in Altay
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲是滑雪起源于阿勒泰，说明了相关的研究发现。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“In 2005, cave paintings of Altay people hunting on skis with poles were discovered, which archaeologists estimated could be more than 10,000 years old. Since then, Altay has been recognized by many as one of the birthplaces of skiing, according to Xinhua.(2005年，人们在洞穴中发现了阿勒泰人用滑雪杖狩猎的壁画，考古学家估计这些壁画可能有1万多年的历史。据新华社报道，从那时起，阿勒泰就被许多人认为是滑雪运动的发源地之一。)”可知，能证明阿勒泰是滑雪的发源地之一的是在洞穴壁画中描绘了滑雪的人类。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Unlike the modern skis we use nowadays, fur skis have been used as a means of transportation for the snowfield inhabitants of Altay for more than 100 centuries, according to rock carvings uncovered in the area.(根据阿尔泰地区出土的岩雕，与我们现在使用的现代滑雪板不同，毛皮滑雪板作为阿尔泰雪地居民的交通工具已经有100多个世纪的历史了。)”可知，自古以来，阿勒泰人用毛皮滑雪板做交通工具。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The fur on the horse skin can help decrease friction (摩擦力) when they slide down the hill(马皮上的皮毛可以减少他们滑下山时的摩擦力)”可知，马皮对滑雪者的好处是帮助它们顺利地滑下来。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics saw many excellent athletes compete on the ice and snow, prompting an enthusiasm for winter sports in China. In fact, the country has had a deep relationship with winter sports since ancient times, with skiing originating in the Altay prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.(在北京冬奥会和残奥会上，众多优秀运动员在冰雪赛场上展开角逐，激发了中国民众对冬季运动的热情。事实上，我国自古以来就与冬季运动有着深厚的渊源，滑雪运动起源于新疆维吾尔自治区的阿勒泰地区。)”可知，本文主要讲述了滑雪起源于阿勒泰。故选A。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处最佳项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
The China State Council issued a document in early August, suggesting employers across the country make flexible working arrangements and give their workers Friday afternoons off during hot summer days in order to boost tourism and consumption.
Online surveys have shown that most correspondents are in favor of the State Council’s proposal for longer weekends, as two and a half days are enough even for one to plan a short journey. People will have more time to be together with their families. ____16____
However, there are doubts as to whether this well-intentioned initiative can be put into practice. ____17____ While the regular two-day weekend is still a dream for a large number of working people in various industries, a two-and-half-day weekend is really a luxury many people can barely afford.
____18____ If staff workers of government departments and public institutions no longer work on Friday afternoons, local residents will have nowhere to go if they have urgent issues to solve through these establishments.
Obviously, the only way out is to implement policies concerning paid annual leave in a realistic manner so that the working people can make arrangements for their days off work. As a result, holidaymakers don’t need to all rush to the same scenic spots during the same period of time, which would be beneficial to the protection and operation of these spots. ____19____ Thus it serves the initial purpose of boosting economic growth through developing tourism.
____20____ The government is supposed to pay more attention to the protection of labor rights and employ all possible means to ensure their holidays as well as the functions of government institutions, instead of just making economically motivated policies.
A. Also, this is an effective way to increase consumer spending.
B. The right of workers to rest and paid annual leave are protected under the law.
C. A larger number of workers, if not all, will benefit from official holiday arrangements.
D. Most people think that they will actually not be able to enjoy the benefits of such a scheme.
E. After rest and relaxation, employees will become more energetic when they come back to work.
F. Another worry is that this measure will finally be exclusively (专有地) enjoyed by a limited number of employees.
G. As long as paid annual leave remains unrealistic in most industrial sectors, the two-and-half-day weekend seems pointless.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。国务院办公厅鼓励依法优化调整夏季作息安排，为职工周五下午与周末结合外出休闲度假创造有利条件。在稳定全国统一的既有节假日前提下，各单位和企业可根据自身实际情况，将带薪休假与本地传统节日、地方特色活动相结合，安排错峰休假。
【详解】1. 根据空前“People will have more time to be together with their families. ”（人们将有更多的时间和家人在一起）可知，享受更长的周末，员工可以和家人在一起休息，再回到岗位能够更有活力。故E 项“After rest and relaxation, employees will become more energetic when they come back to work.”（经过休息和放松，当员工回到工作岗位时，他们会变得更有活力）符合语境。故选E。
2. 根据空前“However, there are doubts as to whether this well-intentioned initiative can be put into practice.”（然而，有人怀疑这一善意的倡议是否能付诸实践）可知，人们对此项政策能够实施产生疑虑，担心无法受益。故D项“Most people think that they will actually not be able to enjoy the benefits of such a scheme.”（大多数人认为他们实际上无法享受到这样一个计划带来的好处）符合语境，呼应doubts。故选D。
3. 根据空后“ If staff workers of government departments and public institutions no longer work on Friday afternoons, local residents will have nowhere to go if they have urgent issues to solve through these establishments.”（如果政府部门和事业单位的工作人员在周五下午不上班，当地居民如果有紧急问题需要通过这些机构解决，就无处可去了）可知，另外一个担心是政府机关周五下午放假导致紧急公共服务缺失。F项“Another worry is that this measure will finally be exclusively (专有地) enjoyed by a limited number of employees.”（另一个担忧是，这一措施最终将只适用于有限数量的员工）符合语境。故选F。
4. 根据空前“Obviously, the only way out is to implement policies concerning paid annual leave in a realistic manner so that the working people can make arrangements for their days off work. As a result, holidaymakers don’t need to all rush to the same scenic spots during the same period of time, which would be beneficial to the protection and operation of these spots. ”（显然，唯一的出路是切实执行带薪年假政策，让劳动人民可以安排他们的休息日。这样一来，度假者就不需要在同一时间段都赶往同一景点，这将有利于这些景点的保护和运营）可知，建议改进以保障政策实施到位，由此推知，下面要进一步指出这样做的优点。A项“Also, this is an effective way to increase consumer spending.”（此外，这也是增加消费支出的有效方式） 符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据空后“ The government is supposed to pay more attention to the protection of labor rights and employ all possible means to ensure their holidays as well as the functions of government institutions, instead of just making economically motivated policies.”（政府应该更加关注劳工权利的保护，采取一切可能的手段来确保他们的假期以及政府机构的功能，而不是仅仅制定经济驱动的政策）可知，总结使带薪年休实施到位的重要性。除非政府保护否则两天半的周末没有意义。G项“As long as paid annual leave remains unrealistic in most industrial sectors, the two-and-half-day weekend seems pointless.”（只要带薪年假在大多数工业部门仍然不现实，两天半的周末似乎就没有意义）符合语境。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题1分；满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A 29-year-old man who recently graduated from medical school found a special way to show respect and gratitude for his parents while looking back at how far they’ve come.
Erick Juarez graduated from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University in May after ___21___ his MD (Doctor of Medicine). To celebrate the accomplishment, the resident physician went to the ___22___ where his parents, Loreto and Maricela Juarez, have worked since the 1980s. Erick ___23___ the occasion by taking graduation photos with his parents, including one in the field with his mom ___24___ was shared on his post.
It has now become a ___25___ for Erick, who returns to the farm each time he gets a new degree to honor the ___26___ that his parents have made for him and his four siblings. “I wanted to honor my parents ___27___ showcasing them to my friends and the world. My parents arrived here with nothing to ___28___ but everything to gain,”Erick said.
From a young age, he knew he wanted to be a doctor, so he made every ___29___ to achieve that goal. First, Erick became a student of Bainbridge High School. He went on to ___30___ attend an academy before earning a Bacbelor at Harvard University—making him the first one from his hometown to graduate from the famous school. This spring, Erick continued his string of ___31___ by obtaining his medical degree at the Medical College of Gcorgia at Augusta University.
Following his graduation, he ___32___ his journey on a post, calling his accomplishment a “victory lap”. “My graduation from medical school was one small step for me, one ___33___ leap for my family. It’s as much, if not more, a victory lap for them ___34___ it is for me. And I couldn’t be prouder of them,” he continued. “I am the first in my entire family ___35___ to earn a white-collar job. And I get to help folks feel better—this is the best part!”
21. A. awarding B. reaching C. earning D. shifting
22. A. farm B. school C. hospital D. church
23. A. remembered B. forgot C. recalled D. marked
24. A. whom B. who C. that D. what
25. A. gesture B. tradition C. preference D. belief
26. A. sacrifice B. preparation C. arrangement D. allowance
27. A. in B. between C. with D. by
28. A. eat B. lose C. use D. do
29. A. effort B. certainty C. sense D. decision
30. A. deliberately B. apparently C. briefly D. satisfactorily
31. A. accomplishments B. implements C. replacements D. agreements
32. A. concentrated on B. decided on C. went on D. reflected on
33. A. moderate B. small C. giant D. mild
34. A. since B. till C. so D. as
35 A. reputation B. history C. background D. connection
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Erick Juarez在获得医学博士学位后，和父母在田野里拍照来庆祝，并在网上发帖，以此向自己的父母表示敬意，文章也描述了他努力获得学位的过程。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Erick Juarez在获得医学博士学位后，于今年5月从乔治亚州奥古斯塔大学医学院毕业。A. awarding授予，颁发；B. reaching到达；C. earning获得；D. shifting转变。由前文“Erick Juarez graduated from the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University ”和后文“his MD (Doctor of Medicine)”可知，获得了医学博士学位后Erick Juarez从大学毕业，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了庆祝这一成就，这位住院实习医生来到了他的父母洛雷托和Loreto Juarez自上世纪80年代以来一直工作的农场。A. farm农场；B. school学校；C. hospital医院；D. church教堂。由后文“including one in the field with his mom”可知，他父母是在农场工作，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了纪念这一天，埃里克和父母一起拍了毕业照，其中一张照片被分享在了他的帖子上，照片是他和妈妈在田野里拍的。A. remembered记得；B. forgot忘记；C. recalled回想起；D. marked纪念，庆贺。由后文“the occasion by taking graduation photos with his parents”可知，他是为了纪念他毕业的那一天与父母拍了照片，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念这一天，埃里克和父母一起拍了毕业照，其中一张照片被分享在了他的帖子上，照片是他和妈妈在田野里拍的。A. whom谁；B. who谁；C. that那个；D. what什么。“was shared on his post”是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词one指的是“照片”，是物，因此空格处用关系代词that，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，这已经成为埃里克的一个传统，他每次拿到新学位都会回到农场，以纪念父母为他和他的四个兄弟姐妹所做的牺牲。A. gesture姿势；B. tradition传统；C. preference偏爱；D. belief信念。由后文“returns to the farm each time he gets a new degree”可知，他每次拿到新学位都会回到农场，这成了他的传统，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，这已经成为埃里克的一个惯例，他每次拿到新学位都会回到农场，以纪念父母为他和他的四个兄弟姐妹所做的牺牲。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. preparation准备；C. arrangement安排；D. allowance津贴。由后文“his parents have made for him and his four siblings”可知，他的父母应该是为他和他的四个兄弟姐妹做出牺牲。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我想通过向我的朋友和全世界展示我的父母来向我的父母表示敬意。A. in在……里面；B. between在……之间；C. with和；D. by通过。由上文“I wanted to honor my parents”和后文“showcasing them to my friends and the world”可知，此处表示“我想通过向我的朋友和全世界展示我的父母来向我的父母表示敬意”，空格处意为“通过”，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母来到这里时一无所有，却得到了一切。A. eat吃；B. lose失去；C. use用；D. do做。由后文“but everything to gain”可知，句子表示“我的父母来到这里时一无所有，却得到了一切”，也就是没有任何东西可以失去，空格处用lose，和后文的gain形成对比，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从很小的时候，他就知道他想成为一名医生，所以他尽了一切努力来实现这个目标。A. effort努力；B. certainty肯定；C. sense感觉；D. decision决定。由前文“From a young age, he knew he wanted to be a doctor”和下文的so可推断，前后文是因果关系，他很小就梦想成为一名医生，因此他尽一切努力来实现这个目标。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在获得哈佛大学学士学位之前，他曾短暂地上过一所学院——这使他成为他家乡第一个从这所著名的学校毕业的人。A. deliberately故意地；B. apparently显然；C. briefly短暂地；D. satisfactorily令人满意地。由后文“before earning a Bacbelor at Harvard University”可知，在获得哈佛大学学士学位之前，他曾短暂地上过一所学院，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年春天，埃里克继续他的一系列成就，获得了他在奥古斯塔大学Gcorgia医学院的医学学位。A. accomplishments成就；B. implements实施；C. replacements取代（或代替）的人（或物）；D. agreements同意。由后文“by obtaining his medical degree at the Medical College of Gcorgia at Augusta University.”可知，埃里克继续他的一系列成就，获得了他在奥古斯塔大学Gcorgia医学院的医学学位。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：毕业后，他在帖子上反思自己的历程，将自己的成就称为“绕场一圈庆祝胜利”。A. concentrated on集中于；B. decided on决定；C. went on开始；D. reflected on反思。由后文“calling his accomplishment a ‘victory lap'”以及下文可知，这是他在反思自己所发的帖子，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从医学院毕业对我来说是一小步，对我的家庭来说是一大步。A. moderate谦虚的；B. small小的；C. giant巨大的；D. mild温和的。由上文“My graduation from medical school was one small step for me”可知，句子表示“我从医学院毕业对我来说是一小步，对我的家庭来说是一大步”，空格处是“巨大的”，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：对他们和对我，如果不是更多，也是一样，是应该绕场一周来庆祝的胜利，A. since自从；B. till直到；C. so所以；D. as和……一样。由上文“if not more”可知，对作者的父母来说，这是应该绕场一周来庆祝的胜利，对作者来说也是，as much as意为“和……一样多”，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是我们家族历史上第一个做白领的人。A. reputation名声；B. history历史；C. background背景；D. connection连接。由上文“And I couldn’t be prouder of them”和后文“to earn a white-collar job”可知，我是家人最大的骄傲，因此推断此处表示“我是我们家族历史上第一个做白领的人”，故选B。
第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
The first domestic chickens we have found lived no earlier than 3,670 years ago, suggesting they have a far shorter history than we thought. These birds don’t seem to have been raised for their meat, ____36____ (make) it unclear what drove domestication. The chickens alive today descend from a wild bird native to South-East Asia ____37____ (call) the red jungle fowl, but exactly ____38____ domestication occurred was unclear. Some researchers have estimated that the first domestic chicken lived more than 6000 years ago, while others claim ____39____ (find) chicken bones at 10,000-year-old sites. ____40____ analysis by Ophelie Lebrasseur at the Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse in France and her team concludes that the ____41____ (early) clear evidence of domestic chickens appeared between 1,650 BC and 1,250 BC at a site called Ban Non Wat in central Thailand. Not only ____42____ (be) chicken bones superabundant at the site, but there are signs that people were buried with the birds, ____43____ Lebrasseur says makes a domestic relationship clear. Lebrasseur and her team suspect chicken domestication might have been triggered by the ____44____ (appear) of cereal fanning in South-East Asia. “This created a more open, less tree-covered environment, which is actually an environment where red jungle fowl thrive,” she says, “And they could have fed ____45____ the waste from human societies.”
【答案】36. making
37. called 38. when
39. to have found 40. An
41. earliest
42. are 43. which
44. appearance 45. on
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了家养鸡的历史。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些鸟似乎不是为了吃肉而饲养的，不清楚是什么驱动了驯化。分析可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为结果状语，所以此处用现在分词。故填making。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：今天活着的这些鸡是一种原产于东南亚的野生鸟类——红色丛林鸡的后代，但是确切的驯化时间还不清楚。分析可知，句中已有谓语动词descend，此处为过去分词作后置定语修饰名词a wild bird，意为“被叫做red jungle fowl的野鸟”，故填called。
3. 考查连词。句意同上。空处引导主语从句，从句成分完整，此处指究竟什么时候开始驯养鸡的还不明确，连接副词when“什么时候”，符合题意，故填when。
4. 考查非谓语。句意：一些研究人员估计，第一只家鸡生活在6000多年前，而其他人声称发现鸡骨头在10,000年前的遗址。claim to do sth“声称做某事”，是固定短语，且“发现”发生在“声称”之前，应用不定式的完成式，故填to have found。
5. 考查冠词。句意：法国图卢兹人类生物学和基因组学中心的奥菲利·勒布拉瑟和她的研究小组的一项分析得出结论，最早明确的家鸡证据出现在公元前1650年至公元前1250年之间的泰国中部一个叫 Ban Non Wat 的地方。analysis“研究”为可数名词，结合句中“analysis by Ophelie at the Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse in France and her team ”可知，此处指法国图卢兹人类生物学和基因组学中心的奥菲利·勒布拉瑟和她的研究小组的一项分析，所以表示泛指，因analysis的首个音素为元音音素，所以用不定冠词an，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填An。
6. 考查形容词最高级。句意同上。定冠词the用在形容词的最高级前面，此处指最早的证据出现在1,650 BC and 1,250 BC之间，故填earliest。
7. 考查主谓一致。句意：现场不仅有大量的鸡骨头，而且有迹象表明人们和这些鸟一起被埋葬，勒布拉塞尔说，这清楚地表明了家庭关系。主语为chicken bones，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；故填are。
8. 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析可知，空处及其后内容为非限制定语从句，空处指代前面整句话，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which，故填which。
9. 考查名词。句意：勒布拉瑟和她的团队怀疑，东南亚谷物种植的出现可能引发了鸡的驯化。结合空前定冠词可知，此处要用名词。故填appearance。
10. 考查介词。句意：它们可以以人类社会的垃圾为食。固定短语：feed on以……为食。故填on。
第四部分：写作
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是新华中学李华，你的外籍朋友Michael来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，正巧这学期你校要开设“话说中国节(Festive China)”的线上课程，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括：
1.开设时间；2.课程内容；3.报名方式。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Michael,
An online course entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school. Knowing you are an enthusiast of Chinese culture, I’m writing to recommend it to you.
The course is arranged on every Friday evening from September 1, consisting of 12 two-hour sessions, each of which introduces different Chinese festivals. You may learn origins, backgrounds and customs of them. If you desire to participate in it, you can visit our school website and enroll yourself before next Friday.
I’m sure the course appeals to you. Don’t miss the chance!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给对中国文化很感兴趣的外籍朋友Michael回信，向其推荐学校要开设的“话说中国节(Festive China)”这一线上课程，介绍课程内容、开设时间及报名方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
定名为：entitle→name
设立，安排：set up→arrange
参与：participate in→join in
登记，报名参加：enroll→ sign up
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：An online course entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school.
拓展句：An online course, which is entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Knowing you are an enthusiast of Chinese culture, I’m writing to recommend it to you.（运用了现在分词作原因状语）
[高分句型2]
The course is arranged on every Friday evening from September 1, consisting of 12 two-hour sessions, each of which introduces different Chinese festivals. （运用了“代词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语编写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a single mother in my 30s who lived down and out with my daughter Peggy in a small apartment, struggling hard to make our needs meet.
One day, I headed to the downtown for an interview. I sat down in the streetcar, and there against the seat was a beautiful silk umbrella with a silver handle decorated with gold scrolls, among which there was a name carved.
On impulse(冲动) I determined to find the owner myself. I got off the streetcar in the heavy rain and thankfully opened the umbrella to protect myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name, I found it immediately and called it, waiting patiently, and then a lady answered.
"Yes, “she said in surprise, with extreme excitement." It was my umbrella which had been stolen a year ago.”
So appealing was her pleasure that I forgot I was looking for a job and went directly to her small house. She took the umbrella, with teary eyes, explaining with choking voice that the umbrella was given by her parents, now dead, Her happiness at retrieving(找回)this special possession was such that to have accepted her reward would have spoiled something, so I refused her offer and left.
The following months were hard. I can only obtain temporary employment, for a small salary. What was worse, I had just lost my last job before Christmas, with only fifteen dollars left. Unless a miracle happened, I would be homeless in January, foodless and jobless. I had prayed steadily for weeks, and there had been no answer but this coldness and darkness.
The air was full of Christmas merriment, with the bells ringing and children shouting in the bitter dusk of the evening. But there should be no Christmas for me, I knew, no gifts, no remembrance whatsoever.
Thinking of this, I couldn’t control my tears on my way home, but I managed a smile so could greet my little daughter. She opened the door for me and threw herself in my arms, screaming joyously and demanding desirably for her Christmas gift. There I stood, frozen, overwhelmed by misery.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa Claus. Then I heard man talking heartily to her and went to the door, He was a delivery man, and his arms were full of parcels. “This is a mistake, " I said, but he read the name on the parcels and they were for me. When he had gone, I didn't know what to do. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other. What a surprise! I looked for the name of the sender.
Suddenly, a note attached to one package caught my eyes. I picked up the note, which read "Thanks for returning of the umbrella. Merry Christmas! ""It was sent by the lady. Holding the note tightly, I was on the verge of tears, with a stream of warmth spreading through my body. On that cold Christmas, I forgot I had no money for the rent and only fifteen dollars in my pocket. We just sat in our small apartment unwrapping the gifts one by one in happiness. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个30多岁的单身母亲，在去面试路上的电车里捡到一把伞，并根据伞上信息，找到伞的而主人，将伞物归原主并且拒绝了酬谢。接下来，这位母亲在穷困潦倒的生活中迎来了圣诞节，却苦于没有钱付房租以及买食物、送礼物给女儿的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，门铃响了，佩吉急忙去开门，说一定是圣诞老人。”可知，第一段可先描写门打开后，这位母亲看到的确有送包裹之人后的疑惑以及她和女儿确定包裹是给她们时的惊喜。
②由第二段首句内容“突然，贴在一个包裹上的一张纸条吸引了我的目光”可知，第二段可描写这位母亲发现这个包裹的寄送人是其之前所归还伞的主人，以及这个人的此番举动为这对母女在寒冷的圣诞节带来的温暖和希望。
2.续写线索：收到包裹——感到困惑和惊喜——发现纸条——感到温暖和希望
3.词汇激活
动作类
①收到礼物：heard man talking heartily to her/went to the door
②读便条：pick up the note/read
情绪类
①.热情：heartily/ kindly
②.幸福：satisfaction/ contentment/ happiness/ fulfilment/ happiness
【点睛】
[高分句型]. Suddenly, the doorbell rang and Peggy rushed to answer it, calling that it must be Santa
Claus.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句作非谓语动词calling的宾语）
[高分句型2]. A sweet peace flooded me like a blessing which made me hopeful again.
（由关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Later, Peggy and I sat on the floor looking at each other.
（非谓语之现在分词熟练运用）
听力答案：1—5 CBBAC 6—10 CBACB 11—15 AABCC 16—20 BACBA
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