2022天津市实验中学滨海学校高二上学期10月月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022天津市实验中学滨海学校高二上学期10月月考英语试题含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了 本卷共66小题，共115分， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022年度高二年级第一学期质量调查（英语）试题
满分：150 时长：100
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试用时100分钟。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共66小题，共115分。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
1. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Go fishing. B. Drive to the country. C. Watch a play.
2. How much more does the man need?
A. $100. B. $200. C. $300.
3. For what is the woman asking for leave?
A. A holiday. B. A wedding. C. An opening ceremony.
4. Where are the speakers probably?
A At home. B. At a stadium. C. At a store.
5. What’s Peter’s attitude towards his late arrival?
A. Indifferent. B. Apologetic. C. Angry.
第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。
6. How does the man look now?
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Worried.
7. When does the man usually get up?
A. At 6:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 8:00.
8. What does the man have to do today?
A. Go to a party. B. Have an exam. C. Study in the library.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。
9. What do we know about the woman?
A. She heard of Chazeza.
B. She is shocked by the story.
C. She has been to Malawi before.
10. Who helped Chazeza finish secondary school?
A. Her uncle. B. Her parents. C. Her grandfather.
11. What did Christie Johnson offer for Chazeza?
A. An amazing job. B. Further education. C. Volunteer opportunities.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。
12. What does the speaker want to tell us?
A. Food culture in Australia.
B. Colorful life in Australia.
C. Chinese food in Australia.
13. Which word can best describe Australian food?
A. Various. B. Simple. C. Healthy.
14. What does the speaker say about Chinese food in Australia?
A. There are no dumplings.
B. It is the same as the original.
C. People have no difficulty getting it.
15 What is Australian special food?
A. Honey chicken. B. Meat pie. C. Sweet noodles.

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分52.5分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Going to the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday?
—________ ! Will you do with me?
A. You bet B. You there
C. You got me D. You know better
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——星期三去看女排比赛吗？——当然！你要和我一起吗？A. You bet当然；B. You there你在那里；C. You got me你难住我了；D. You know better你更懂。根据后文“Will you do with me?”可知对方是肯定回答，you bet符合语境。故选A。
2. Disneyland offer people many forms of _______.
A. endurance B. emotions C. entertainments D. equations
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼乐园为人们提供多种娱乐形式。A. endurance忍耐力；持久力；B. emotions情感；C. entertainments娱乐；D. equations方程式。根据上文“Disneyland offer people many forms of”可知迪士尼乐园提供的是娱乐形式。故选C。
3. Martin has been out of work for several months, _______ makes his wife very upset.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：马丁已经失业好几个月了，这让他的妻子很沮丧。分析句子可知空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的主句内容并在从句中作主语，用which引导。故选A。
4. These are the recent books that are especially _______ of note.
A. worth B. worthy
C. worthwhile D. worthless
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这些是最近出版特别值得注意的书。worth表示“值……的；值得”，常用作be worth sth/doing sth；worthy表示“值得的”，常用作be worth of sth/to do sth；worthwhile表示“值得花时间精力”，常用作be worthy doing/to do sth；worthless表示“无价值的，无用的”。句中指“这些书值得注意”，应用be worthy of note结构，表示“值得注意”。故选B项。
5. I had hoped that he would be able to _______ some light on the problem.
A. throw B. turn C. tell D. trade
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我曾希望他能对这个问题有所解释。A. throw扔；B. turn转身；C. tell告诉 ；D. trade 交易。结合句意可知使用短语throw light on，意为：阐明/解释某事。故选A。
6. The teacher _______ for talking in the class today.
A. told me off B. turned me down C. trusted me with D. took me away
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师批评我今天在课堂上讲话。A. told me off责备；B. turned me down拒绝；C. trusted me with委托；存放；D. took me away带走。根据后文“for talking in the class today”可知指因为在课堂上说话而受到责备（批评）。故选A。
7. —Albert’s birthday is on next Saturday and I’m planning a surprise party for him.
—__________. I’ll bring some wine.
A. Sounds like fun B. It depends
C. Just a minute D. You are welcome
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——艾伯特的生日在下个星期天，我计划给他办一个惊喜的晚会。——听起来很有趣。我将带些酒来。A. Sounds like fun听起来很有趣；B. It depends看情况；C. Just a minute请稍等；D. You are welcome欢迎。根据语境及选项可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
【点睛】交际英语注重运用，首先平时要多积累常用的交际用语，解题时要在上下文中进行，特别要注意与语境语义的联系。还有要注意中英文之间的差异，千万不要用汉语的思维，还要注意礼貌用语。这个题目是一个对话，上下文语境非常关键。
8. It is immoral to _______ into other people's privacy even if they are not famous.
A. put B. process C. persevere D. probe
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使不是名人，窥探他人的隐私也是不道德的。A. put放置；B. process加工；C. persevere坚持；D. probe调查，打探。根据后文“into other people's privacy”可知此处指窥探他人的隐私，应用probe into。故选D。
9. _______ we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
A. As if B. Even if C. In that D. Now that
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，气候仍将持续变暖数十年或数百年。A. As if 好像；B. Even if即使，虽然；C. In that因为，由于；D. Now that既然。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even if。故选B。
10. This dictionary, a few pages _______ are missing, is of little use.
A. of whom B. of which C. at whom D. at which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本字典少了几页，没什么用处。分析句子可知，“a few pages ___ are missing”是非限制性定语从句中，修饰先行词This dictionary，关系词将先行词代入定语，与从句中a few pages构成所属关系，表示“字典的几页”，即a few pages of this dictionary，由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作介词of后的宾语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故选B项。
11. They also believe that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuel _______ is resulting in this increase in carbon dioxide.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：他们还认为，是越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧导致了二氧化碳的增加。去掉it is与空处，剩下的部分可以构成完整的句子，可知为强调句结构“it be+被强调部分+that（强调人可用who）+其它”，此处被强调部分为the burning of more and more fossil fuel，应用that。故选C。
12. Most advanced countries will find _______ more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.
A. it B. that C. those D. this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查it用法。句意：大多数发达国家将发现越来越难以跟上对变革的需求。此处为find it adj. to do sth.，表示“发现做某事怎么样”，it作形式宾语。故选A。
13. An eager beaver is someone who is extremely _______ and enjoys working extremely hard.
A. essential B. enthusiastic C. emotive D. embarrassed
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“eager beaver”指的是极度热情并乐于努力工作的人。A. essential必不可少的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. emotive感情的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“and enjoys working extremely hard”指极度热情并乐于努力工作的人。故选B。
14. ________ has a debate attracted so much media attention.
A. Cruelly B. Rarely C. Really D. Gently
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词和倒装结构。句意：很少有一场辩论能吸引如此多的媒体关注。A. Cruelly残酷地；B. Rarely很少；C. Really真正地；D. Gently轻轻地。根据句意和句子结构可知，句中用部分倒装结构，所以用否定词rarely。故选B。
15. Over the last decade, the government _______ hard at using advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS.
A. had worked B. have worked C. worked D. was working
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去十年中，政府一直在努力利用广告教育公众抗击艾滋病。A. had worked工作，过去完成时；B. have worked工作，现在完成时；C. worked工作，一般过去时；D. was working正在工作，过去进行时。 根据时间状语Over the last decade（在过去的十年里）可知句子时态是现在完成时。故选B。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Although I love my life, it hasn’t been a lot of fun as I’ve been ill for 28 years.
Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my ___16___ was more manageable, I ___17___ ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs. ___18___ that was years ago and times have changed. ___19___ I live with my mother on a country farm.
Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to ___20___ my disability pension (残疾抚恤金). ___21___ I needed to sleep in afternoons, I was limited in my ___22___. I decided that I would consider ___23___ to singing in restaurants.
My family are all musicians, so I was ___24___ when I went into our local music store. I explained that I wanted to sing again but using recorded karaoke music. I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn’t have a lot of ____25____ to get started. And ____26____ you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can ____27____ use.
When I told the owner of the shop about my ____28____, he gave me a long, thoughtful ____29____. “This means a lot to you, doesn’t it?” he said. “Come with me.”
He led me ____30____ the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand ____31____ on his treasure and said, “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your ____32____ and I’ll record them for you. That should get you started. ”
I ____33____. Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose ____34____ that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help.
His ____35____ still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when I have the chance.
16. A. loneliness B. sadness C. tiredness D. sickness
17. A. set B. enjoyed C. kept D. shared
18. A. Gladly B. Eventually C. Unfortunately D. Surprisingly
19. A. Now B. Then C. Sometime D. Meanwhile
20. A. add up to B. make up for C. get rid of D. take advantage of
21. A. If B. As C. Though D. Before
22. A. movement B. condition C. choices D. positions
23. A. reaching out B. living up C. getting on D. going back
24. A. recognized B. interviewed C. found D. invited
25. A. money B. time C. energy D. knowledge
26. A. thus B. once C. seldom D. often
27. A. actually B. hardly C. nearly D. formerly
28. A. job B. family C. idea D. offer
29. A. face B. view C. look D. sight
30 A. over B. along C. towards D. through
31. A. unhappily B. lovingly C. pitifully D. gratefully
32. A. pick B. turn C. role D. step
33. A. had to cry B. ought to cry C. should have cried D. could have cried
34. A. more B. the ones C. few D. the rest
35. A. courage B. devotion C. kindness D. trust
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一个身有残疾的人对音乐有着异常的热爱，也是支持他坚强生存的动力。曾经在餐馆里当职业歌手十年，后来为了贴补生计，在一个好心店主的帮助下实现了自己再次成为歌手的梦想。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 在我20几岁的时候，那时我的病情还能够控制，我在小酒吧里面自弹自唱一些乡村音乐，享受愉快的十年时光。A. loneliness孤独；B. sadness悲伤；C. tiredness疲惫；D. sickness疾病。由下文disability pension (残疾抚恤金）可知作者是一个残疾人。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意: 在我20几岁的时候，那时我的病情还能够控制，我在小酒吧里面自弹自唱一些乡村音乐，享受愉快的十年时光。 A. set设置；B. enjoyed享受；C. kept保持；D. shared分享。由“Music has always been a great love of mine ”可知，作者喜欢音乐，也很享受在酒吧做歌手的十年时光。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意: 然而不幸的是，那已是几十年前的事了，今非昔比，我现在和我妈妈住在一个乡下的农场里。A. Gladly高兴地; B. Eventually最终地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。由“times have changed”可知，那是数年的日子了，现在已经改变了。所以这是不幸地。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意: 然而不幸的是，那已是几十年前的事了，今非昔比，我现在和我妈妈住在一个乡下的农场里。A. Now现在；B. Then然后；C. Sometime在某一时候；D. Meanwhile与此同时。由“I live with my mother on a country farm.” 可知，时态为一般现在时，所以用副词为now。故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意: 两年前，我决定要赚一些余钱补贴我微弱的残疾抚恤金。A. add up to总计；B. make up for弥补; C. get rid of处理；D. take advantage of利用。作者残疾了，决定做额外的工作来弥补残疾补偿金的不足。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意: 由于我需要在下午时间睡觉，这样剩下的选择就很少了。A. If如果；B. As因为；C. Though尽管；D. Before当……之前。因为作者下午需要睡觉，所以这样剩下的选择就很少了。所以本句为as引导的原因状语从句。故选B项
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 由于我需要在下午时间睡觉，这样剩下的选择就很少。A. movement移动；B. condition条件;C. choices选择；D. positions职位。因为作者要睡觉，所以找的工作的机会就少了。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意: 不得已，我只能选择回到酒馆唱歌。A. reaching out伸出；B. living up履行(诺言等);C. getting on上车；D. going back返回。因为工作机会少，作者原先在酒吧唱歌，现在他想返回酒吧去唱歌挣钱。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我的家人都是音乐家，所以当我走进当地的光盘店铺的时候就被认出来了。A. recognized认出；B. interview面试；C. found发现D. invited邀请。因为我的家人都是音乐人，作者本身带有音乐人的那些特特征，当作者去当地的光盘店铺时，就被认出来了。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我解释说我想唱歌但是我只能用录音的音乐盘，因为我是买不起那些昂贵的迪斯科音乐盘的。A. money钱；B. time时间；C. energy能量；D. knowledge知识。本题and之前说东西很贵，之后理应推出没有足够的钱。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意: 而且你会经常发现你实际可以用的唱片中的歌曲也就是三四首。A. thus因此；B. once曾经；C. seldom很少地；D. often经常。And表示并列关系，说实际可用的唱片不多，这是经常发生能被发现的。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意: 而且你会经常发现你实际可以用的唱片中的歌曲也就是三四首。A. actually事实上;B. hardly几乎不；C. nearly将近；D. formerly以前地。由“only three to four songs out of ten ”可知，事实上可以用的唱片中的歌曲也就是三四首。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 当我和店铺的老板说明我的想法后，老板意味深长的看了我一眼，说“这对你意味着很多，是吗？”他接着说“跟我来”。A. job工作；B. family家庭；C. idea观点;D. offer提供。由“I explained that I wanted to sing again”可知，作者向店主说明了自己的想法。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 当我和店铺的老板说明我的想法后，老板意味深长的看着作者，说“这对你意味着很多，是吗？”他接着说“跟我来”。A. face脸；B. view风景；C. look看；D. sight视野。因为作者说出了自己的想法，店主要想一想是否能满足作者的要求，所以意味深长的看了作者一眼。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意: 他带着我穿过拥挤的光盘店过道，来到堆着很多卡拉ok光盘的长凳面前。A. over…..之上;B. along沿着；C. towards朝; D. through通过。店主带领作者穿过拥挤的店铺，从空间内部穿过。所以用through。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意: 光盘店老板用他那厚实的手掌抚摸着他的宝贝们，对我说“我这里有800张唱片。A. unhappily不幸福地;B. lovingly深情地；C. pitifully怜悯地;D. gratefully感激地。由下文出现treasure，可以推出店主对自己的宝物爱不释手，心爱地触摸着。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 你听过之后，选好歌曲，我给你录音。A. pick选择; B. turn转向；C. role角色；D. step步伐。由下文“choose ___19___ that I could sing ”可知，店主让作者选择唱片。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查情态动词。句意: 我很感激他，让我哭都可以。A. had to cry不得不哭；B. ought to cry应该哭；C. should have cried本应该哭；D. could have cried本可以哭但没有哭。作者受到店主的帮助，非常感动，本可以哭但没有哭。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查代词辨析。句意: 我和他约好听歌曲并选好我能唱的歌来录音。A. more更多；B. the ones这些；C. few一些；D. the rest剩下。由“ I made a time with him to listen to all the songs” 可知，作者和店主约好听歌曲并选好作者能唱的歌来录音。所以the ones代替the songs。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他的好心肠至今仍然温暖着我的心。A. courage勇气; B. devotion献身；C. kindness善意；D. trust信任。本文详细描述店主对作者的帮助，店主的善举感动了作者。故选C项。
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Inventions by Kids
Great inventors such as Leonardo da Vinci, Henry Ford and Hedy Lamarr have impacted people’s lives with their inventions. While their contributions are certainly valuable, other amazing inventions were actually created by children!
The trampoline
Trampolines are great for both fun and exercise, but they are a fairly recent invention. In the 1930s George Nissen was inspired to make a bouncy “net” after seeing a circus performance. He thought it would be more entertaining for performers to continue bouncing instead of landing in a net. So, at the age of 16, he made a “bouncing rig” by stretching thick cloth in a metal frame.
The Popsicle
Cold weather led to the creation of a beloved and delicious invention—the ice pop or Popsicle.
Frank Epperson was just 11 years old when he accidentally created his first Popsicle. He was making himself a soda drink and left his glass outside overnight. When he found it in the morning, it had frozen solid with the stir stick still in the glass. And the first Popsicle was born.
Braille
Even a life-changing written language was created by a kid. Three-year-old Louis Braille experienced a serious eye injury, thus causing him to lose vision in both eyes. Louis struggled to read by moving his fingers across raised letters, which was very difficult. At the age of 12, Louis learned about a silent communication system used by the French military. Messages could be read silently with fingertips. He changed that system and created Braille. It is now used around the world!
36. How old was George Nissen when he created the trampoline?
A. 11. B. 12. C. 15. D. 16.
37. Who is the creator of a popular and tasty invention according to the passage?
A. Henry Ford. B. Louis Braille.
C. Frank Epperson. D. Leonardo da Vinci.
38. What offered Louis inspiration to create Braille?
A. A silent communication system. B. A circus performance.
C. A serious eye injury. D. Some raised letters.
39. Which of the following was (were) invented totally by accident?
A. The trampoline. B. The Popsicle. C. Braille. D. The Popsicle and Braille.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个由孩子创造出的发明。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“So, at the age of 16, he made a “bouncing rig” by stretching thick cloth in a metal frame.(因此，在16岁时，他通过在金属框架中拉伸厚布，制作了一个“弹跳装置”)”可知，George Nissen发明蹦床时16岁。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Popsicle部分中“Cold weather led to the creation of a beloved and delicious invention—the ice pop or Popsicle.(寒冷的天气催生了一种受人喜爱又美味的发明——冰棍)”以及“Frank Epperson was just 11 years old when he accidentally created his first Popsicle.(Frank Epperson在意外地制作出自己的第一根冰棒时只有11岁)”可知，Frank Epperson是一项受欢迎又美味的发明的创造者。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“At the age of 12, Louis learned about a silent communication system used by the French military. Messages could be read silently with fingertips. He changed that system and created Braille.( 12岁的时候，Louis学习了法国军方使用的一种无声通信系统。信息可以用指尖无声地阅读。他改变了这个系统，创造了盲文)”可知，无声通信系统给了Louis创作盲文的灵感。故选A。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Popsicle部分中“He was making himself a soda drink and left his glass outside overnight. When he found it in the morning, it had frozen solid with the stir stick still in the glass. And the first Popsicle was born.(他给自己倒了一杯苏打饮料，把杯子放在外面过夜了。当他早上找到它的时候，它已经冻得很硬了，搅拌棒还在玻璃杯里。第一根冰棒就这样诞生了)”可知，冰棒完全是偶然发明的。故选B。
B
Many people prefer eating out instead of cooking at home. A change appears to be taking place, though, and millennials(千禧一代) are leading the way. According to one survey, more young people are starting to cook at home for three basic reasons: They can save money, eat healthily and waste less food.
Popular TV chefs are also getting millennials excited about learning some basic cooking skills. Many millennials view cooking as a form of entertainment and self-expression. They proudly post pictures of their culinary(烹饪的) creations on Facebook or Instagram, and invite friends over to share the cooking experience.
Many millennials have also found ways to avoid wasting food. After roasting a chicken, they put the leftover bones in their freezer instead of the garbage can. Later, they use the bones to make chicken stock(鸡汤), which is an important ingredient in many dishes.
They also hate throwing out fruit that’s too old. To avoid that situation, they bake ripe fruit like berries and bananas for 15 minutes at 175 degrees C. Then they freeze it overnight. After that, they place the fruit in plastic bags and store it in their freezer for later use.
Many millennials only eat at restaurants that have excellent food-waste policies. These restaurants use every part of the vegetables they buy, including their stems and roots, in dishes. They also use beef, chicken and pork bones to make their own stock.
Millennials also reduce food waste by only buying what they require. Before going to a supermarket, they write down what they need and don’t buy anything else. That way they won’t purchase more food than they can consume.
40. What is the main subject of this article?
A. A cooking trend that has attracted millennials.
B. A plan that millennials have for donating food.
C. A novel cooking technique that millennials like.
D. A food production system favored by millennial.
41. Why do more young people start to cook at home?
A. They want to be popular TV chefs.
B. They think dining out is an unhealthy habit.
C. They want to update their Facebook or Instagram.
D. They can save money, eat healthily and waste less food.
42. How do many millennials deal with the leftover bones from chicken?
A. They freeze the bones for cooking chicken stock later.
B. They bake the bones for 15 minutes at 175 degrees
C. They store the bones in the freezer and throw them away.
D. They give the bones to other people who need them.
43. According to this article, how do millennials avoid purchasing too much food?
A. By using small plastic bags.
B. By making a shopping list in advance.
C. By inviting friends over to shop together.
D. By going to the shops with good food-waste policies.
44. In which part of a magazine can you find this article?
A. Life style. B. Traveling tips.
C. Fashion shows. D. Advanced technology.
【答案】40. A 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了千禧一代正在引领潮流：在家自己做饭吃。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A change appears to be taking place, though, and millennials(千禧一代) are leading the way. According to one survey, more young people are starting to cook at home for three basic reasons: They can save money, eat healthily and waste less food.（不过，一种变化似乎正在发生，而千禧一代正在引领潮流。根据一项调查，越来越多的年轻人开始在家做饭，原因有三个:他们可以省钱，吃得健康，少浪费食物。）”可知，文章主要讲述了吸引了千禧一代的烹饪潮流。故选A。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“According to one survey, more young people are starting to cook at home for three basic reasons: They can save money, eat healthily and waste less food.（根据一项调查，越来越多的年轻人开始在家做饭，原因有三个:他们可以省钱，吃得健康，少浪费食物。）”可知，越来越多的年轻人在家做饭是因为他们可以省钱，吃得健康，少浪费食物。故选D。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“After roasting a chicken, they put the leftover bones in their freezer instead of the garbage can. Later, they use the bones to make chicken stock(鸡汤), which is an important ingredient in many dishes.（烤鸡之后，他们把剩下的骨头放进冰箱而不是垃圾桶。之后，他们用鸡骨头做鸡汤，这是许多菜肴的重要原料。）”可知，他们把骨头冷冻起来，以后做鸡汤用。故选A。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Before going to a supermarket, they write down what they need and don’t buy anything else.（在去超市之前，他们写下他们需要的东西，不买其他东西。）”可知，根据这篇文章，千禧一代通过提前制定购物清单避免购买太多的食物。故选B。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A change appears to be taking place, though, and millennials(千禧一代) are leading the way. According to one survey, more young people are starting to cook at home for three basic reasons: They can save money, eat healthily and waste less food.（不过，一种变化似乎正在发生，而千禧一代正在引领潮流。根据一项调查，越来越多的年轻人开始在家做饭，原因有三个:他们可以省钱，吃得健康，少浪费食物。）”可知，文章主要讲述了吸引了千禧一代的烹饪潮流。由此可推知，文章最有可能出自杂志的生活方式板块。故选A。
C
Calories are a way of keeping track of the body’s energy budget. A healthy balance occurs when we put in about as much energy as we lose. If we consistently put more energy into our bodies than we burn, the excess will gradually be stored as fat in our cells, and we’ll gain weight. If we burn off more energy than we replenish, we’ll lose weight. But how many calories do we actually need? Calorie is just the unit we use to measure the energy we take in or burn.
Calories are used in three ways: about 10% enables digestion, about 20% fuels physical activity, and the biggest part, around 70%, supports the basic functions of our organs. That third usage corresponds to your basal metabolic rate, a number of calories you would need to survive if you weren’t eating or moving around.
According to the official guidelines, average person requires each day 2000 calories for women and 2500 for men. Those estimates are based on factors like average weight, physical activity and muscle mass. So does that mean everyone should take in around 2000 calories? Not necessarily. If you’re doing an energy consuming activity, like cycling the Tour de France, your body could use up to 9000 calories per day. Pregnancy requires slightly more calories than usual, and elderly people typically have a slower metabolic rate, energy is burned more gradually, so less is needed.
And one thing you should also know. The calorie counts on nutrition labels measure how much energy the food contains, not how much energy you can actually get out of it. Fibrous foods like celery and whole wheat take more energy to digest, so you’d actually absorb less energy from 100 calorie serving of celery than a 100 calorie serving of potato chips. Not to mention the fact that some foods offer nutrients like protein and vitamins, while others provide far less nutritional value. Eating too many of those foods could leave you overweight and malnourished. And even with the exact same food, different people might not get the same number of calories.
So a calorie is a useful energy measure, but to work out exactly how many of them each of us requires, we need to factor in things like exercise, food type, and our body’s ability to process energy.
45. What is Calorie according to the passage?
A. A unit of measurement to the energy people get or consume.
B. The food people eat and digest.
C. The unit for people to count weight.
D. The way people to measure nutrition.
46. One can lose weight, if ________.
A. less food is eaten than before B. doing exercise every day
C. more energy is fueled than taken in D. one keeps energy balanced
47. Which of the following matches the calories that support your organs’ basic function?
A. Your weight. B. Your physical activity.
C. Your muscle mass. D. Your basal metabolic rate.
48. Which fact is true according to the passage?
A. The excess of calories will gradually turn into cells.
B. Most of the calories will help people with digestion.
C. When staying still no calorie will be needed
D. The biggest amount of energy will go to support body organs.
49. The author may agree that ________.
A. potato chips are hard to digest
B. the food with more fibers can help keep slim
C. the foods with protein and vitamins could leave you overweight
D. old people’s energy is gradually burning fast.
50. The best title of this passage should be ________.
A. Calories and Diet
B. Many Factors Contribute to Calorie Count
C. The Relevancy between Calorie Burning and Age
D. Different People, Different Calorie Burning Rate
【答案】45. A 46. C 47. D 48. D 49. B 50. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍卡路里是衡量人们获得或消耗能量的单位，但是卡路里计数要考虑运动、食物类型和我们身体处理能量的能力等因素。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Calories are a way of keeping track of the body's energy budget.(卡路里是记录身体能量收支的一种方式)”可知，卡路里是衡量人们获得或消耗能量的单位。故选A。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“If we bum off more energy than we replenish, well lose weight. (如果我们消耗的能量多于补充的能量，我们就会减肥)”可知，如果消耗的能量大于摄入的能量，就可以减肥。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“That third usage corresponds to your basal metabolic rate, a number of calories you would need to survive if you weren’t eating or moving around. (第三种方法对应的是你的基础代谢率，也就是你在不吃不动的情况下生存所需要的卡路里)”可知，你的基础代谢率与支持你器官基本功能的卡路里相匹配。故选D。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Calories are used in three ways: about 10% enables digestion, about 20% fuels physical activity, and the biggest part, around 70%, supports the basic functions of our organs. (卡路里有三种用途：约10%用于消化，约20%用于体力活动，最大的70%用于维持器官的基本功能)”可知，D选项“最大的能量将用于支持身体器官”正确。故选D。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The calorie counts on nutrition labels measure how much energy the food contains, not how much energy you can actually get out of it, Fibrous foods like celery and whole wheat take more energy to digest, so you'd actually absorb less energy from 100 calorie serving of celery than a 100 calorie serving of potato chips. (营养标签上的卡路里数衡量的是食物含有多少能量，而不是你能从中获得多少能量。像芹菜和全麦这样的纤维食物需要更多的能量来消化，所以你实际上从100卡路里的芹菜中吸收的能量比从100卡路里的薯片中吸收的能量要少)”可推断，含有更多纤维的食物有助于保持苗条。故选B。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So a calorie is a useful energy measure, but to work out exactly how many of them each of us requires, we need to factor in things like exercise, food type, and our body's ability to process energy. (所以卡路里是一种有用的能量测量方法，但要算出我们每个人到底需要多少卡路里，我们需要把运动、食物类型和我们身体处理能量的能力等因素考虑进去)”结合文章主要介绍卡路里是衡量人们获得或消耗能量的单位，但是卡路里计数要考虑运动、食物类型和我们身体处理能量的能力等因素。可知，B选项“很多因素都会影响卡路里计数”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2. 本卷共6小题，共30分。
第四部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Charles V (1500-1558), Holy Roman Emperor, once said, “I speak Spanish to God, Italian to women, French to men and German to my horse.”
I first heard the Spanish language in 2017while lining up to ride the London Eye. Two boys were standing ahead of me, and they were murmuring something in the sweetest language. I asked them what the language is, and they told me it was Spanish. They taught me my first Spanish word, “hola”, and we became friends soon after.
In the fall of the same year, I selected Spanish as a compulsory foreign language course throughout the next six years in my junior and senior high schools.
As the old saying goes, “there is nothing impossible to him who will try.” I had a burning desire and persistence to learn Spanish well. My unflagging interest and passion helped me succeed.
Spanish trills were quite difficult for me at the very beginning. The saying goes that practice makes perfect, and learning a language is no exception. I repeatedly tried to figure out where to place my tongue to pronounce perfect trills.
There is no easy short-term solution to master a foreign language. Spanish conjugations are much more complicated than English ones, so I practiced more. The cycle of learning, forgetting and memorizing continued.
Reaching milestones has always been important. I set up several goals for learning Spanish in 12 semesters. For example, I drew up a plan last winter to pass the DELE B2 test before graduating from my high school.
Haste makes waste. I usually split up my tasks into six sections — vocabulary, grammar, reading, listening, writing and oral practices. I regularly read Spanish books, recited words and phrases, and kept on doing grammar exercises. I did listening exercises every day while showering or bathing. I wrote emails or letters to my Spanish friends as practice and took all opportunities to talk with my Spanish teachers and people I met online to enhance my oral Spanish.
Patience is my middle name, and I prefer a long-term plan to learn Spanish well. I believe that success only comes with practice, patience and persistence. There's no end to learning!
51. Why did the author began to study Spanish? (No more than 10 words)
52. What was hard for him to learn at the beginning? (No more than 2 words)
53. What is the second-to-last paragraph mainly about? (No more than 10 words)
54. What is the meaning of the underlined word “enhance”? (1 word)
【答案】51. He was attracted by the beauty of Spanish.
52. Spanish trills.
53. The ways the author practised Spanish.
54. Improve./ Boost./ Promote.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习西班牙语的经历以及心得体会。
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Two boys were standing ahead of me, and they were murmuring something in the sweetest language. I asked them what the language is, and they told me it was Spanish. They taught me my first Spanish word, “hola”, and we became friends soon after.(两个男孩站在我前面，用最甜美的语言低声说着什么。 我问他们说的是什么语言，他们告诉我是西班牙语。他们教了我第一个西班牙语单词“hola”，不久我们就成了朋友)”可知，作者开始学习西班牙语是因为他被西班牙语的美丽所吸引。故答案为He was attracted by the beauty of Spanish.
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段中“Spanish trills were quite difficult for me at the very beginning.(刚开始的时候，西班牙语的颤音对我来说很难)”可知，一开始对他来说西班牙颤音是最难学的。故答案为Spanish trills.
【53题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据倒数第二段“Haste makes waste. I usually split up my tasks into six sections — vocabulary, grammar, reading, listening, writing and oral practices. I regularly read Spanish books, recited words and phrases, and kept on doing grammar exercises. I did listening exercises every day while showering or bathing. I wrote emails or letters to my Spanish friends as practice and took all opportunities to talk with my Spanish teachers and people I met online to enhance my oral Spanish.(欲速则不达。我通常把我的任务分成六个部分——词汇、语法、阅读、听力、写作和口语练习。我经常阅读西班牙语书籍，背诵单词和短语，并坚持做语法练习。我每天边洗澡边做听力练习。我给我的西班牙朋友写电子邮件或信件作为练习，并利用所有的机会与我的西班牙语老师和网上认识的人交谈，以提高我的西班牙语口语)”可知，倒数第二段主要讲的是作者练习西班牙语的方式。故答案为The ways the author practised Spanish.
【54题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据画线词上文“I wrote emails or letters to my Spanish friends as practice and took all opportunities to talk with my Spanish teachers and people I met online to”可知，作者利用所有的机会与西班牙语老师和网上认识的人交谈，由此推知，作者的目的是提高自己的西班牙语口语，即画线词意思是“促进，提高”。故答案为Improve./ Boost./ Promote.
第二节：书面表达（满分20分）
55. 假如你是李华，你的朋友Jim最近沉溺于玩电脑游戏，对学习没有兴趣。请你给Jim写一封信表示你的担心，并谈谈沉溺于电脑游戏的危害，以及你的看法和建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加内容，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Jim,
I really feel worried about you. You used to do well in your lessons and took an active part in the activities at school, but now you take no interest in your schoolwork. Besides, you are so crazy about computer games that you can’t hand in your homework on time. Perhaps playing computer games can make you feel relaxed, but if you spend too much time on it, you will have less time to study. And it may do harm to your health. For example, it can hurt your eyes and neck.
I hope you can achieve a balance between your schoolwork and your hobbies. Why not join in some outdoor activities when you feel bored? As your friend, I’ll be glad to share your happiness and sadness.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给沉溺玩游戏的朋友Jim写一封信表示担心、并提一些建议。
【详解】1.词语积累
担心的：anxious→worried
疯狂的：mad→crazy
对……有害：be bad for→do harm to
获得：get→achieve
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：You used to do well in your lessons and took an active part in the activities at school, but now you take no interest in your schoolwork.
拓展句：You, who used to do well in lessons and took an active part in the activities at school, now take no interest in your schoolwork.
【点睛】[高分句式1] Besides, you are so crazy about computer games that you can’t hand in your homework on time.( 运用了结果状语从句)
[高分句式2] Why not join in some outdoor activities when you feel bored?(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)