高考英语阅读理解专项训练：情感与情绪类

这是一份高考英语阅读理解专项训练：情感与情绪类，共23页。试卷主要包含了 主旨大意题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Researchers fund that grandmthers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts f the brain that invlved emtinal empathy and mvement. In cntrast, the study als fund that when grandmthers viewed images f their adult child, they shwed strnger activatin in an area f the brain assciated with cgnitive empathy (认知同理心). That indicates they may be trying t cgnitively understand what their adult child is thinking r feeling, but nt as much frm the emtinal side.
Cmpared with results frm an earlier study by the Rilling lab f fathers viewing phts f their Children, results shwed that grandmthers activated mre parts f the brain that invlved emtinal empathy and mtivatin. That suggests that grandmthers are intended t feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them.
“In many scieties, grandmthers are imprtant caregivers, and their investment is ften assciated with imprved grandchild well-being,” the study’s authrs wrte. It’s part f the reasn why the US celebrates Grandparents’ Day each year n the first Sunday after Labr Day in September. Frmer President Jimmy Carter signed the prclamatin (公告) in 1978. “Because they are usually free t lve and guide and befriend the yung withut having t take the daily respnsibility fr them, they can reach ut past pride and fear f failure and clse the space between generatins,” the prclamatin read.
1．What can be inferred abut the study?
A．200 children’s pictures are used.
B．Yung cuples culd be surveyed.
C．The participants’ brains are mnitred.
D．Bilgical child’s picture is sure t be viewed.
2．What might be grandparents ding if their grandchild is smiling?
A．Feeling the child’s jy.B．Feeling the child’s distress.
C．Trying t shw activatin.D．Trying t understand why.
3．Why des the authr mentin an earlier study in Paragraph 3?
A．T give a prf.B．T explain a rule.
C．T clarify a cncept.D．T intrduce a thery.
4．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning grandparents?
A．Their received hnr.B．Their disadvantages.
C．Their respnsibility.D．Their cntributin.
A heartwarming letter written by Yuan Lngping, knwn as“the father f hybrid rice”, has caught peple’s eyes as the natin is murning (悼念) ver his passing away. In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrte this letter in memry f his late mther, Hua Jing, and many are deeply tuched by its sincerity (真情) .
In the letter, entitled“The Rice is Ripe (成熟), Mm”, Yuan recalled the ld days with his mther in Anjiang twn in Central China’s Hunan prvince, where his mther was buried in 1989.
Brn in a wealthy family in Yangzhu, eastern China’s Jiangsu prvince, Hua Jing was well educated and pen- minded. She taught Yuan English when he was very yung. Having never wrked in the fields, Hua mved t Anjiang twn t supprt her sn’s family and research.
“Mm, the rice is ripe and I cme back t Anjiang t see yu. Every time when I was able t deliver a speech t the audiences frm arund the wrld r take a prize in my study, I always thught f yu. Yu made me wh I am. Peple say I’ve changed the wrld with ne tiny rice seed but mm, I knw yu swed (播种) the seed in me when I was a little by.”
5．Why did Yuan Lngping write a letter in 2010?
A．T hnr his mther.B．T attract peple’s eyes.
C．T cmfrt his mther.D．T public his achievements.
6．What mved many peple deeply in the letter?
A．The seed.B．The emtin.C．The speech.D．The educatin.
7．What can we knw abut Hua Jing?
A．She was brn in a pr family.B．She used t wrk in the fields.
C．She didn’t get any schling.D．She mved t Anjiang fr her sn.
8．What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A．The speech t the audience.B．The grwth in Anjiang.
C．The seed f Yuan’s mther.D．The prize in his study.
Ten years ag, when I was in junir schl, Mrs. Amatuli was my language teacher. One day at lunch time, I was getting ready t eat my cld fish sandwich as usual and suddenly Mrs. Amatuli asked me if she culd buy the sandwich frm me. She explained that I culd use the mney t buy a ht lunch frm the cafeteria. I was very pleased. I never bught my lunch frm the cafeteria. It was t expensive fr my family, and I always carried my lunch and tk the bag back hme t use again the next day.
Seeing that ther students went t the cafeteria after class, I felt my heart was filled with admiratin. Yu can imagine hw pleased I was when I had the pprtunity t buy a ht lunch. Kids always cmplained abut the cafeteria fd but I really wished t buy it. When we finished lunch that day, Mrs. Amatuli tk me aside and explained why she had bught my sandwich. She said she was a Cathlic and Cathlics didn’t eat red meat n Fridays — they ate fish n Fridays. Frm then n, every Friday she bught my fish sandwich and with the mney I culd get in line with ther kids fr a ht lunch.
One year later, I knew frm a classmate that Mrs. Amatuli was nt a Cathlic and her family was nt rich. She bught my cld sandwich because she knew that a pr girl wuld be excited at the simple act f having a ht lunch. She wanted t help me! I will never frget her sympathy and genersity. I will be grateful t my dear teacher, Mrs. Amatuli, frever.
9．Frm the passage we can knw that ________.
A．Mrs. Amatuli was a Cathlic and didn’t eat red meat n Fridays
B．the authr was t pr t buy a ht lunch frm the cafeteria
C．Mrs. Amatuli bught the authr’s cld sandwich every day
D．the authr and her classmates all liked the cafeteria fd
10．When Amatuli tld the authr t use the mney t buy a ht lunch, the authr felt ________.
A．happyB．wrriedC．disappintedD．surprised
11．Why did the authr admire ther kids?
A．Because they were gd at their lessns.
B．Because they culd eat the fish sandwich.
C．Because they culd carry lunch frm hme.
D．Because they culd buy ht lunches frm the cafeteria.
12．Mrs. Amatuli bught the authr’s sandwiches in rder t ________.
A．save time t prepare fr her lessns
B．shw the authr she liked the fish sandwich
C．let the authr buy ht lunch as ther kids did
D．make thers believe she was a real Cathlic
13．Frm the passage we knw a “cafeteria” is ________.
A．a place in the schl where students can eat lunch
B．a big restaurant where peple can have dinner
C．a shp where kids can buy fd and drink
D．the kitchen where ne can have a ht lunch
My dctr tk me fr a walk arund the farm where she lives. I was physically and mentally exhausted and discuraged.
The farm was full f life. There were insects, hrses, rabbits, and cats. She tld me t fcus n my bdy in the envirnment. When was ill, I intended t escape frm the reality. S I expected nthing when meeting the hrse named Fira.
As I gt clser t Fira, she nuzzled (用鼻子爱抚) her nse int my chest, putting a gentle pressure ver my heart. Smething happened inside me: I felt as if I had reached a wellspring (源泉) f my fears, hurts and failures. I began t melt emtinally in an uncmmn way. I patted Fira’s nse and breathed in her smell. Fira helped me feel lved and safe. After that, I began wrking with Fira ften, learning basic cmmunicatin and leading methds t wrk tgether with her. She cnnected with me by respnding t my emtinal state and reflecting it back t me in an pen, friendly way.
In my meetings with Fira, I learned t live in the present, t fcus n what was happening this day, at this mment, in this place. I learned t frget the past, with all its hurt. I learned t frget the future, which hadn't happened yet. I fund deep peace in leading her alng the path, by using my wn pwer t judge whether t start, stp, turn left r turn right. I fund inner quiet and even jy. My wrk with this hrse was part f a jurney ut f a very dark night in my sul.
14．What did the authr think f Fira at the very beginning?
A．Grateful.B．Interested.
C．Wrried.D．Uncncerned.
15．What happened when Fira apprached the authr?
A．She felt afraid and Fira hurt her.
B．She realized hw t live in the present.
C．She was tuched mentally in a special way.
D．She learned basic cmmunicatin methds with hrses.
16．What might be the biggest gain fr the authr?
A．Making friends with a little hrse.B．Learning hw t live in the future.
C．Spending a gd time with the dctr.D．Finding deep peace and inner quiet.
17．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Animals are the friends f human beings.B．The authr recvers with the help f Fira.
C．It is a gd idea t get clse t nature.D．Sme animals have magical abilities.
Yu have the ability t decide whether yu are happy r nt. Happiness is a chice.
Yu can’t depend n smene else t make yu happy. That is a lessn I learned early in my marriage. I realized that I culdn’t rely n my husband as my surce f happiness. I learned that my happiness depended n myself and nt my husband’s actins. I learned that yu have t chse t be happy.
Yu can chse yur emtins. True happiness cmes frm within, and it can’t be frced by utside frce. S hw d yu chse happiness? The same way, yu chse t smile r chse t wear a certain utfit (一套衣服). Yu chse it because that’s what yu want t experience in yur life.
Yu want t buy a new pair f shes s yu chse a pair that yu like and feels gd. Yu wuldn’t buy a pair f shes that yu dn’t like r that desn’t fit well, right? S why d we keep chsing emtins and feelings that dn’t make us feel gd?
Chsing t be happy after yu realize yur anger has shwn up (r even chsing t be calm) can be beneficial. We chse ur feelings; n ne else can d that fr us. If we let thers get t us, influence ur emtins — we are giving them pwer ver us. When thers cause us anger r pain, we are giving them ur pwer.
We need t keep ur feelings in check(制约)and nt t react(反应)immediately t what is thrwn at us. We need t think ur actins ut instead f just reacting t what smene says r des.
Remember that we can always chse happiness. At first it will be difficult t just switch(使转变)yur thughts and feelings frm anger, self-dubt, r fear t jy and happiness. But it is nly a thught away. Dn’t dwell n (细想)what happens t yu unnecessarily but realize what is causing yu t feel that way.
Realize that thughts, feelings and emtins can change. Then mve n and chse t be happy.
18．What’s the best title f this passage?
A．Chse t Be HappyB．Chse Yur Friends
C．Pretend t Be HappyD．Find Emtins
19．The lessn the writer learned in her marriage is _________.
A．ne can’t depend n smene else t make himself r herself happy
B．balancing the relatinship between husband and wife is an art
C．she can depend n her husband t find happiness
D．happiness can be influenced by utside frce
20．Why did the writer mentin buying shes?
A．T ffer advice n hw t chse cmfrtable shes.
B．T use it as an example t illustrate(阐述)her pint f view.
C．T cmpare chsing shes and chsing an utfit.
D．T help mve t the next paragraph easily.
21．The writer suggests that we need _________.
A．let thers cntrl ur feelings
B．react immediately t thers’ wrds
C．keep ur feelings in check
D．pay mre attentin t wrds than actins
What are yur favrite stries yu learned as a child? What stries d yu hpe yur lved nes will tell abut yu when yu aren’t arund?
Strytellers were nce knwn as “liars”. This was nt t say their stries weren’t true. But they were ften exaggerated in clrful ways that brught a stry t life.
I grew up in a family f “liars”. They all tld stries. And I grew up t earn my living by writing stries. The stries I write abut my family are always true. But I can’t always be sure f every detail, s I rely n imaginatin t fill in the gaps.
My grandmther’s stries changed a bit each time she tld them, and I smiled at hw her changes made a stry better. I lved hearing her stries. And my grandchildren seem t lve hearing mine.
“Tell it again, Nana!” they say. I d, and they start laughing befre I get t the funny part. Recently, they begged t hear a Hallween stry I’ve tld cuntless times. Here it is:
Once upn a time, when I was 10, my mther tld me t make cstumes (服装) and take my brthers t g trick-r-treating. Dentn was 4. He lked like a mnkey. Je was 6 and ttally blind. I threw a sheet ver his head but frgt t tell him he was a ghst (鬼).
We kncked n the first dr and waited. The dr flew pen, and we all shuted, “Trick-r-treat!” Mrs. Fisher patted Je’s head thrugh the sheet and said, “What a cute little ghst!”
And Je yelled (叫喊), “I am nt a ghst!”
True stry. My grandchildren lve it. They beg me t tell it again and again.
I hpe t tell them mre stries as they grw lder. I want them t remember me and the big, crazy family I grew up in. Stries are the unbreakable threads that bind generatins tgether, tell us wh we are and give us hpe.
My grandchildren have never met their “Great Uncle Je”, but they wn’t sn frget him. T them, he will always be, nt a ghst, but very lvable.
22．Why did the authr say she grew up in a family f liars?
A．Because her family were gd at telling lies.
B．Because their stries were nt true.
C．Because all her family tld stries.
D．Because her grandmther wuld ften change her stries.
23．What can we knw frm the article?
A．Sme family members ften lie t ne anther.
B．Stries may make ne remembered in a way.
C．Je was the yungest child in the family.
D．Je liked t be called a ghst.
24．What can be the best title f the article?
A．Living n thrugh striesB．Great Uncle Je
C．Family liarsD．Grandma’s stries
Expressing emtins is difficult as it's nt always encuraged in sciety. Peple rely n cmfrt znes and a secure mask t get them thrugh the day. Yu may wnder, "Why am I s sad?" and nt knw hw t answer that questin. We ignre warning signs f sadness, depressin and ther frms f suffering because we cannt be pen abut such feelings in sciety. It shuldn't be smething we are afraid f. With the release f emtin, we find wh we want t be and quickly t a previus gd cnditin. Sadness is ne emtin f many. But it is ften the ne mst ignred. We dn’t want t appear weak t thers.
Sadness is different frm depressin. Typically, sadness cmes and ges, while depressin hlds us dwn fr lng. When feeling sad, yu are mst likely feeling alne, helpless and hpeless. But depressin lasts almst nnstp at a depth that can verrule yur behavir.
We feel it ur duty t be ur wn heres. We feel like we need t hld n rather than let g and let thers in. When this happens, sadness increases, and we are n lnger engaged with thse we lve. When sadness hits, we have t tell smene and build a supprt system. Yu just need t allw thers t see yur weaknesses, which aren't even true weaknesses. Feeling sad is nt a weakness. Hlding back in an effrt t appear strng is, hwever, a weakness.
When peple knw what yu're ging thrugh, they can better assist yu.
Our sadness des nt shw what we are wrth. It nly tells us the stry we tell urselves. And when we change that stry, we can breathe. We start t realize we deserve t be happy. Self talk like "I am wrth it" is sending message f lve and hpe t urselves when the wrld fails t d s fr yu.
25．What can be inferred frm the first paragraph?
A．Peple tend t release bad emtins.B．Peple express their emtins easily.
C．Peple usually hide their emtins.D．Peple ften lse cntrl f emtins.
26．Hw is sadness different frm depressin?
A．Depressin is easier t recver.B．Sadness lasts fr shrter perids.
C．Depressin leads t hpelessness.D．Sadness can verrule peple's behavir.
27．What is a weakness accrding t the authr?
A．Turning t thers fr help.B．Pretending t be strng.
C．Admitting ur weaknesses.D．Telling the truth t smene,
28．What des the authr suggest in the last paragraph?
A．Sending urselves psitive messages.B．Asking thers fr advice.
C．Keeping the sad stries in mind.D．Learning frm ur wn past experience
Have yu ever had a stressful day? And n these high-pressure days, many peple might find themselves reaching fr a sugary snack. Perhaps this is part f their daily rutine. Or perhaps n this particular day, heir self-cntrl is a bit lw and they want t take a sugar hit.
Stress is natural. That feeling f pressure is a bilgical respnse, and under the right circumstances can be a great surce f mtivatin. Hwever, t much stress, has been linked t sleep disruptin, heart-attack, ulcer r depressin, amng ther things. But why shuld stress make a persn cmfrt eat?
When we becme stressed, ur bdies enter “fight r flight” mde. Because ur bdy believes it’s under attack, it releases glucse (葡萄糖) int the bld t prvide energy fr muscles. Hwever, if we dn’t use that energy, ur bdy then releases insulin (胰岛素) t make the bld sugar levels drp. This drp causes a hunger respnse: yu want t eat. And what yu particularly want is sugary fd, which rapidly refills the energy yu have lst. If this happens repeatedly, ver a lng enugh perid, these high-calrie fds can lead t besity.
S what can we d t fight the stress? Dr Michael Msley recmmends exercise, gardening, mindfulness r ther activities yu enjy. But his strngest recmmendatin is trying t get a gdnight’s sleep. S, try sleeping t decrease stress.
29．What can we knw abut stress frm the passage?
A．It is always negative.B．It can make peple angry.
C．It is a natural respnse.D．It can make peple sleep.
30．Why d we want t eat sugary fd in particular when stressed?
A．Our self-cntrl is t lw t refuse sugary fd.
B．Sugary fd rapidly refills the energy we have lst.
C．Insulin in ur bdy makes the bld sugar levels rise.
D．Sugary fd releases insulin t prvide energy fr muscles.
31．Hw can we best fight stress accrding t Dr. Michael Msley?
A．By getting a gd night’s sleep.B．By taking up gardening.
C．By eating much sugary fds.D．By ding smething yur enjy.
32．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．What causes stress?B．Hw t reduce stress?
C．When t take sugary snacks?D．Why stress makes yu fat?
First, all participants fund it quite easy t link clrs and emtins. This was particularly true fr clrs like red, black, r yellw. Other clrs, like brwn and purple, received fewer assciatins. We fund that clur-emtin assciatins were nt ne-t-ne, but many-t-many.
Participants did nt select ne emtin fr a clur, but ften chse several emtins. In turn, different clrs were linked t the same emtin, like pleasure, which was assciated with red but als yellw, range, pink and purple.
What yu can als see is that mst clrs were assciated with psitive emtins. Only brwn, grey and black—that is, darker clrs—were assciated with negative emtins. Red was the mst cntrversial clur. Fr sme, it was a very psitive clur—the clur f passin, lve and desire. Fr thers, it was a negative clur—the clur f danger, anger and hate. Fr even thers, it was bth psitive and negative. What cnnects all these emtins and ideas is the fact that red is activating and strng.
Secnd, we fund few cultural differences. In ther wrds, many clur-emtin assciatins seemed universal. Mst participants agreed that pink was assciated with lve and pleasure, yellw with jy and amusement, r that black was the saddest clur.
Third, if yu are interested in cultural differences, we fund sme specificities t. Fr example, in additin t the universal assciatins f lve and anger with red, Chinese participants als assciated jy and amusement, while Nigerian participants additinally assciated fear with red. Anther example is the assciatin between purple and sadness that nly Greek participants chse. Fr thers, purple was generally a psitive clur with very little agreement n the exact emtins assciated with purple.
Furth, participants whse languages were mre similar t each ther als had mre similar assciatins. T arrive at this finding, we estimated the degree f linguistic (语言的) similarity between tw languages, which shws hw related r unrelated they are. And then, languages frm different language families, like English and Chinese, wuld have the lwest similarity scres.
33．Which clur is mst likely t cause cntrversy?
A．Black.B．Red.C．Yellw.D．Brwn.
34．What is pink assciated with accrding t mst participants?
A．Lve and pleasure.B．Jy and amusement.
C．Anger and sadness.D．Fear and disappintment.
35．Which grup f peple assciate purple with sadness?
A．Chinese participants.B．Nigerian participants.
C．Greek participants.D．English participants.
36．What’s the best title f the text?
A．The Deep Meaning f Clurs
B．The Link Between Clurs and Emtins
C．Cultural Differences in Different Cuntries
D．Linguistic Similarity Between Tw Languages
Dutch “Jgger J” breaks ver-70s recrd n his 75th sub-three-hur marathn
At 70 when many f peple are winding dwn, J Schnbrdt is smehw speeding up. On Sunday, Schnbrdt, a 71-year-ld frm Maastricht, ran a marathn in a staggering 2 hurs 54 minutes and 19 secnds t becme the fastest septuagenarian(七十至八十岁的) in histry.
“I nly started jgging at 36 because my dctr tld me I had high chlesterl,” he says. With a few miles remaining, he knew he was just ahead f the previus best, set by Gene Dykes in 2018, because a friend was fllwing him n his bike and barking ut his lap times. But his legs were starting t get heavier. “Hwever, my friend had a special trick t keep me n track,” said Schnbrdt, “He put Eddy Wally’s sng Chérie, Chérie n his phne n repeat. I’ve always lved it. It gave me a bst. I vertk ne runner after anther and, despite getting cramp in the final 500 meters, I was able t break the recrd by fur secnds.”
Schnbrdt ften runs at nine r 10-minute mile pace, far slwer than the 6:38-minute miles he ran fr 26.2 miles t set his wrld recrd, but he says the key thing is he listens t his bdy. “A lt f peple fllw a training plan r cach and push n even when their bdy is saying: ‘N, this is nt a gd day t d it,’” he says. “the key thing is he listens t his bdy”.
Being a late blmer, he believes, has actually helped him because he himself never had t wrry abut chasing faster times f his yuth. While Schnbrdt’s achievements are exceptinal, he is nt the nly ld master t defy cnventinal wisdm.
What might explain this phenmenn? Jhn Brewer, a sprts scientist at the University f the West f Sctland, pints ut. “Cmpared t 40 years ag, the advances in nutritin, recvery and technlgy all mean that it is mre pssible fr peple in their 60s and 70s t prduce gd perfrmance if they fllw the right training,” he said.
37．Why did J begin his jgging at the age f 36?
A．Because he wanted t break the jgging recrd.
B．Because he has sme prblem with his health.
C．Because his friend encuraged him t run.
D．Because he wanted t becme a late blmer.
38．What des the underline wrd “bst” mean?
A．help.B．Favr.C．Grwth.D．Prmtin.
39．Schnbrdt believes________.
A．that fllw yur dctr’s advice and yu can succeed.
B．that fllw yur cach’s advice and yu can succeed.
C．that fllw yur detailed plan and yu can succeed.
D．that fllw yur bdy and yur feeling and yu can succeed.
40．What’s the Jhn Brewer’s attitude t senirs’ jgging?
A．Supprtive.B．Dubt.C．Indifferent.D．Negative.
参考答案
1．C
2．A
3．A
4．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究的结果：祖母和孙辈之间的情感更加深厚。
1．
推理判断题。根据第一段“They als measured the brain functin as the participants viewed pictures f their grandchild, an unknwn child, the same sex parent f the grandchild and an unknwn adult.(他们还测量了参与者在观看她们的孙辈、一个不认识的孩子、孙辈的同性父母和一个不认识的成年人的照片时的大脑功能)”可知，他们还会测量参与者的大脑功能，由此可推知参与者的大脑被监测。故选C项。
2．
推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers fund that grandmthers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts f the brain that invlved emtinal empathy and mvement.(研究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及情感移情和运动的部分)”可知，祖母观看孙辈的照片时会激活她们大脑中有关情感同理心的部分，也就是说她们和孙辈会有情感上的共鸣，由此可知，当她们看到孙辈在笑时，她们能体会到孩子的快乐。故选A项。
3．
推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers fund that grandmthers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts f the brain that invlved emtinal empathy and mvement.(研究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及情感移情和运动的部分)”以及第三段“Cmpared with results frm an earlier study by the Rilling lab f fathers viewing phts f their Children, results shwed that grandmthers activated mre parts f the brain that invlved emtinal empathy and mtivatin. That suggests that grandmthers are intended t feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them. (与瑞林实验室早些时候对父亲观看孩子照片的研究结果相比，结果显示祖母激活了大脑中更多涉及情感移情和动机的部分。这意味着祖母们想要感受到她们的孙辈与她们互动时的感受)”可知，祖母们看到孙辈的照片时，会激活大脑中的情感同理心部分，作者提到先前的研究是为了证明这一观点。故选A项。
4．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In many scieties, grandmthers are imprtant caregivers, and their investment is ften assciated with imprved grandchild well-being,(在许多社会中，祖母是重要的照顾者，她们的付出往往与改善孙辈的福祉有关)”可知，本段主要讲述祖父母所做出的贡献。故选D项。
5．A
6．B
7．D
8．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了袁隆平写给母亲的信，信中表明了他的母亲对他的影响，以及他表达了对母亲的思念之情。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrte this letter in memry f his late mther, Hua Jing, and many are deeply tuched by its sincerity（2010年，80岁高龄的袁隆平写下了这封信，以纪念他已故的母亲华静，许多人被这封信的真诚深深打动）”可知，袁隆平2010年写信的目的是为了纪念他的母亲。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrte this letter in memry f his late mther, Hua Jing, and many are deeply tuched by its sincerity（2010年，80岁高龄的袁隆平写下了这封信，以纪念他已故的母亲华静，许多人被这封信的真诚深深打动）”可知，信中情感深深打动了许多人。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Having never wrked in the fields, Hua mved t Anjiang twn t supprt her sn's family and research.（从来没有下田过的华静搬到了安江镇，以支持她儿子的家庭和研究）”可知，她为了儿子搬到安江。故选D项。
8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Peple say I’ve changed the wrld with ne tiny rice seed but mm, I knw yu swed the seed in me when I was a little by.（人们说我用一粒小小的水稻种子改变了世界，但是妈妈，我知道在我还是个小男孩的时候，你就在我心里种下了这粒种子）”可知，最后一段主要讲母亲在袁隆平心中种下的种子。故选C项。
9．B
10．A
11．D
12．C
13．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年幼的作者为能在学校买一份热午餐而欣喜不已，事后才意识到是老师在不动声色地关心自己，感激之情油然而生。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“I never bught my lunch frm the cafeteria. It was t expensive fr my family, and I always carried my lunch and tk the bag back hme t use again the next day. (我从来没有在自助餐厅买过午餐。这对我的家人来说太贵了，我总是带着午餐，把袋子带回家第二天再用)”可知，作者太穷了，不能从自助餐厅买热午餐。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段“She explained that I culd use the mney t buy a ht lunch frm the cafeteria. I was very pleased. (她解释说，我可以用这些钱从自助餐厅买一份热午餐。我很高兴)”可知，当Amatuli告诉作者用这笔钱买热午餐时，作者感到很高兴。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段“Seeing that ther students went t the cafeteria after class, I felt my heart was filled with admiratin. (看到其他同学下课后都去了自助餐厅，我心里充满了羡慕)”可知，作者羡慕其他孩子，是因为他们可以从自助餐厅买热午餐。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Frm then n, every Friday she bught my fish sandwich and with the mney I culd get in line with ther kids fr a ht lunch. (从那时起，每个星期五她都会买我的鱼三明治，用这些钱我可以和其他孩子一起吃一顿热午餐)”可知， Amatuli买了作者的三明治，以便让作者像其他孩子一样买热午餐。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据第一段“She explained that I culd use the mney t buy a ht lunch frm the cafeteria. I was very pleased. I never bught my lunch frm the cafeteria. (她解释说，我可以用这些钱从cafeteria买一份热午餐。我很高兴。我从来没有在cafeteria买过午餐)”可知，cafeteria指的是学校里一个学生可以吃午餐的地方。故选A。
14．D
15．C
16．D
17．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。作者身心俱疲、抑郁沮丧，医生带作者到农场走了走，作者原以为这不会有什么用，没想到一匹名为菲拉的马竟帮助作者缓解了压力，使作者找到了内心的宁静甚至是快乐。
【详解】
14. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“S I expected nthing when meeting the hrse named Fira.(所以当我遇到一匹名叫菲拉的马时，我没有任何期待)”可知，作者最开始对这匹叫菲拉的马没有任何期待，认为它不会对自己的状况有什么帮助。由此推知，作者起初应是对菲拉不感兴趣的。uncncerned意为“不关心的；不感兴趣的”。故选D项。
14. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“Smething happened inside me: I felt as if I had reached a wellspring (源泉) f my fears, hurts and failures. I began t melt emtinally in an uncmmn way. (我内心发生了一些事情：我感觉自己好像到达了恐惧、伤痛和失败的源泉。我的情感开始以一种不寻常的方式融化)”可知，菲拉接近作者时，作者感到自己的内心开始以一种不同寻常的方式融化，即菲拉用一种特别的方式在精神上打动了作者。C项中的“mentally”和“special”分别对应第三段第三句中的“emtinally”和“uncmmn”。故选C项。
16. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I fund deep peace in leading her alng the path, by using my wn pwer t judge whether t start, stp, turn left r turn right. I fund inner quiet and even jy.(我用自己的力量来判断是开始、停止、左转还是右转，在引导她沿着这条道路前进的过程中，我找到了内心深处的平静。我找到了内心的宁静，甚至快乐)”可知，对作者来说最大的收获是他找到了内心深处的平静和宁静。故选D项。
17. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“My wrk with this hrse was part f a jurney ut f a very dark night in my sul.(我对这匹马的研究是我灵魂深处走出黑夜的旅程的一部分)”可知，最后一段主要讲了作者在这匹马的帮助下得以康复。故选B项。
18．A
19．A
20．B
21．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了幸福是一种选择，它取决于我们自己的能力决定，以及我们要意识到思想、感觉和情绪是可以改变的。然后继续前进，选择快乐。
18．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一、二段“Yu have the ability t decide whether yu are happy r nt. Happiness is a chice. Yu can’t depend n smene else t make yu happy. That is a lessn I learned early in my marriage. I realized that I culdn’t rely n my husband as my surce f happiness. I learned that my happiness depended n myself and nt my husband’s actins. I learned that yu have t chse t be happy.”（你有能力决定自己是否快乐。幸福是一种选择。你不能指望别人给你带来快乐。这是我结婚初期学到的一课。我意识到我不能依赖我的丈夫作为我的幸福来源。我明白了我的幸福取决于我自己，而不是我丈夫的行为。我明白了你必须选择快乐。）可知，文章主要讲的是你有能力决定自己是否快乐。幸福是一种选择。故文章最好的标题为“选择快乐”。故选A项。
19．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yu can’t depend n smene else t make yu happy. That is a lessn I learned early in my marriage. I realized that I culdn’t rely n my husband as my surce f happiness. I learned that my happiness depended n myself and nt my husband’s actins. I learned that yu have t chse t be happy.”（你不能指望别人给你带来快乐。这是我结婚初期学到的一课。我意识到我不能依赖我的丈夫作为我的幸福来源。我明白了我的幸福取决于我自己，而不是我丈夫的行为。我明白了你必须选择快乐。）可知，作者从她的婚姻中学到的教训是，一个人不能依靠别人来使自己幸福。故选A项。
20．推理判断题。根据第四段“Yu want t buy a new pair f shes s yu chse a pair that yu like and feels gd. Yu wuldn’t buy a pair f shes that yu dn’t like r that desn’t fit well, right? S why d we keep chsing emtins and feelings that dn’t make us feel gd?”（你想买双新鞋，所以你选择一双你喜欢的，感觉良好的。你不会买一双你不喜欢或者不合脚的鞋子，对吧？那么，为什么我们总是选择那些让我们感觉不好的情绪和感觉呢？）故可推知，作者提到买鞋是想用这个例子来说明她的观点。故选B项。
21．细节理解题。根据第五段“Chsing t be happy after yu realize yur anger has shwn up (r even chsing t be calm) can be beneficial. We chse ur feelings; n ne else can d that fr us. If we let thers get t us, influence ur emtins — we are giving them pwer ver us. When thers cause us anger r pain, we are giving them ur pwer.”（当你意识到你的愤怒出现后选择快乐(甚至选择平静)是有益的。我们选择自己的感觉;没人能帮我们。如果我们让别人影响我们，影响我们的情绪——我们就给了他们控制我们的力量。当别人给我们带来愤怒或痛苦时，我们就是在给他们力量。）以及最后一段“Realize that thughts, feelings and emtins can change. Then mve n and chse t be happy.”（意识到思想、感觉和情绪是可以改变的。然后继续前进，选择快乐。）可知，作者建议我们需要控制自己的感情。故选C项。
22．C
23．B
24．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者通过讲故事将一个大家庭的几代人联结起来的故事。作者也希望一个个像作者这样的家庭成员，将讲故事的能力一代又一代传承下去。
22．
细节理解题。根据第三段“I grew up in a family f “liars”. They all tld stries.（我成长于一个满是“说谎者”的家庭。他们都在讲故事）”可知，作者这么说，仅仅是因为作者的家人都会讲故事。故选C项。
23．
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了作者向孙子们讲述自己儿时故事的过程，在这个万圣节的故事中，有一个主人公是孩子们的叔祖父，这个故事让孩子们捧腹大笑并久久不能忘记。而最后一段作者总结到“My grandchildren have never met their “Great Uncle Je”, but they wn’t sn frget him. T them, he will always be, nt a ghst, but very lvable（我的孙子们从未见过他们的“叔祖父乔”，但他们却不会那么快忘记他。对孩子们来说，他永远都在那，不是鬼，而是一个非常可爱的人）”可推知，故事可以使一个人以某种方式被记住。故选B项。
24．
主旨大意题。根据文中最后一段“My grandchildren have never met their “Great Uncle Je”, but they wn’t sn frget him. T them, he will always be, nt a ghst, but very lvable（我的孙子们从未见过他们的“叔祖父乔”，但他们却不会那么快忘记他。对孩子们来说，他永远都在那，不是鬼，而是一个非常可爱的人）”以及结合全文可知，文章最后落脚于通过故事让一个人继续“活”下去，而不会被遗忘，消失于家庭的历史长河中，故A选项Living n thrugh stries（在故事中长存）符合文章主题。故选A项。
25．C
26．B
27．B
28．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。悲伤是许多情感中的一种。感到悲伤不是一种弱点。然而，为了显得强大而有所保留是一个弱点。由此，作者建议我们要学会敞开心扉，释放情绪，要给自己传递积极的信息。
25．
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“We ignre warning signs f sadness, depressin and ther frms f suffering because we cannt be pen abut such feelings in sciety.（我们忽视了悲伤、抑郁和其他形式痛苦的警告信号，因为我们无法对社会上的这种感觉敞开心扉。）”以及“Sadness is ne emtin f many. But it is ften the ne mst ignred. We dn’t want t appear weak t thers.（悲伤是许多情感中的一种。但它往往是最被忽视的一个。我们不想在别人面前显得软弱。）”可知，人们通常隐藏自己的情绪。故选C。
26．
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Typically, sadness cmes and ges, while depressin hlds us dwn fr lng.（通常，悲伤来来往往，而抑郁会让我们压抑很长时间。）”可知，悲伤和抑郁的区别在于悲伤的持续时间较短。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Feeling sad is nt a weakness. Hlding back in an effrt t appear strng is, hwever, a weakness.（感到悲伤不是一种弱点。然而，为了显得强大而有所保留是一个弱点。）”可知，作者认为假装坚强是一种弱点。故选B。
28．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Self talk like "I am wrth it" is sending message f lve and hpe t urselves when the wrld fails t d s fr yu.（像“我值得”这样的自我对话是在向自己传递爱和希望的信息，而这个世界并没有为你这样做。）”可知，作者建议我们要给自己传递积极的信息。故选A。
29．C
30．B
31．A
32．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了为什么压力会让人变胖，并介绍了一些应对压力的方法。
29．
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Stress is natural. That feeling f pressure is a bilgical respnse, and under the right circumstances can be a great surce f mtivatin.”（压力是自然的。这种压力感是一种生物反应，在适当的情况下可以成为很大的动机来源。）可知，压力是自然的，压力感是一种生物反应，由此可知，从文章中我们可以了解到压力是一种自然反应。故选C项。
30．
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“And what yu particularly want is sugary fd, which rapidly refills the energy yu have lst.”（你特别想要吃的是含糖食物，它能迅速补充你失去的能量。）可知，在你感到有压力时，你特别想要吃的是含糖食物，因为它能迅速补充你失去的能量，由此可知，我们在有压力的时候特别想吃含糖的食物，因为含糖食物能迅速补充我们失去的能量。故选B项。
31．
细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“S what can we d t fight the stress? Dr. Michael Msley recmmends exercise, gardening, mindfulness r ther activities yu enjy. But his strngest recmmendatin is trying t get a gdnight’s sleep.”（那么，我们能做些什么来应对压力呢？迈克尔·莫斯利博士建议锻炼、园艺、正念或做其他你喜欢的活动。但他最强烈的建议是尽量睡个好觉。）可知，关于如何应对压力，迈克尔·莫斯利博士最强烈的建议是尽量睡个好觉，由此可知，根据迈克尔·莫斯利博士的说法，睡个好觉能最好地应对压力。故选A项。
32．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合倒数第二段关键句“If this happens repeatedly, ver a lng enugh perid, these high-calrie fds can lead t besity.”（如果这种情况在足够长的时间内反复发生，这些高热量食物可能会导致肥胖。）可知，本文主要介绍了为什么压力会让人变胖，因为当人感到压力时，会身体会释放葡萄糖为肌肉提供能量，但我们的身体不使用这些能量，身体就会释放胰岛素使血糖水平下降，在这种情况下，人会感到饥饿，而含糖食物能迅速补充你失去的能量，这种情况在足够长的时间内反复发生，可能会导致肥胖，“Why stress makes yu fat?”意为“为什么压力会让你变胖？”选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
33．B
34．A
35．C
36．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要探究颜色与情感之间的联系。
33．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Red was the mst cntrversial clur. (红色是最具争议的颜色。)”可知，红色最可能引发争议。故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Mst participants agreed that pink was assciated with lve and pleasure, yellw with jy and amusement, r that black was the saddest clur. (大多数参与者都认为粉红色与爱和快乐有关，黄色与快乐和娱乐有关，黑色是最悲伤的颜色。)”可知，大多数参与者都认为粉红色与爱和快乐有关，故选A。
35．
细节理解题。根据第五段“Anther example is the assciatin between purple and sadness that nly Greek participants chse. (另一个例子是紫色和悲伤之间的联系，只有希腊参与者选择。)”可知，希腊的参与者认为这紫色与悲伤有关，故选C。
36．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“First, all participants fund it quite easy t link clrs and emtins. This was particularly true fr clrs like red, black, r yellw. Other clrs, like brwn and purple, received fewer assciatins. We fund that clur-emtin assciatins were nt ne-t-ne, but many-t-many. (首先，所有参与者都发现很容易将颜色和情感联系起来。对于红色，黑色或黄色等颜色尤其如此。其他颜色，如棕色和紫色，收到的关联较少。我们发现颜色与情感的联系不是一对一的，而是多对多的。)”可知文章主要探究颜色与情感之间的联系。故文章的标题是The Link Between Clurs and Emtins。故选B。
37．B
38．D
39．D
40．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了71岁老人J坚持跑步的励志故事。
37．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““I nly started jgging at 36 because my dctr tld me I had high chlesterl,”(“我36岁才开始慢跑，因为我的医生告诉我，我的胆固醇很高。”)”可知J是因为胆固醇高才开始跑步，也就是身体出问题了。故选B项。
38．
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段““He put Eddy Wally’s sng Chérie, Chérie n his phne n repeat. I’ve always lved it. It gave me a bst. I vertk ne runner after anther and, despite getting cramp in the final 500 meters, I was able t break the recrd by fur secnds.”(“他把艾迪·沃莉的歌《切丽，切丽》放在手机里重复播放。我一直都很喜欢。这给了我bst。我超过了一个接一个的跑步者，尽管在最后500米时抽筋了，但我还是以4秒的速度打破了纪录。”)”可知J喜欢的艾迪•沃莉的歌《切丽，切丽》给了他激励，让他在腿抽筋的情况下超过了一个又一个的跑步者，最终打破计录。所以此处的划线词bst的意思应是“促进；增进”。故选D项。
39．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“but he says the key thing is he listens t his bdy. (但他说关键是他会倾听自己的身体。)”J Schnbrdt认为锻炼的关键是倾听自己的身体和感觉，这样你就可以成功。故选D项。
40．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Jhn Brewer, a sprts scientist at the University f the West f Sctland, pints ut. “Cmpared t 40 years ag, the advances in nutritin, recvery and technlgy all mean that it is mre pssible fr peple in their 60s and 70s t prduce gd perfrmance if they fllw the right training,” he said.(西苏格兰大学的体育科学家约翰·布鲁尔指出。他说：“与40年前相比，营养、康复和技术方面的进步都意味着，如果六七十多岁的人接受了正确的训练，他们就更有可能有更好的表现。”)”可知Jhn Brewer对于老年人慢跑的态度是赞成的。故选A项。