江苏高考英语完形填空专项训练

这是一份江苏高考英语完形填空专项训练，共26页。
完形填空
My former teacher, Katelyn Varga, was an amazing teacher. The first day I had her social studies class, I knew we would have a great ____1____ . Her style of teaching was so ____2____ that almost every student in the class loved studying social studies.
My favorite ____3____ was from our class about the American Civil War. Each student ____4____ a person from the American Civil War to ____5____ and then explained his or her findings in class. I chose Abraham Lincoln while other classmates chose other ____6____ people of the time like Jefferson Davis. The students would walk around ____7____ the other students’ characters and their ____8____ in the tragic (不幸的) time period. Mrs. Varga could always find useful ways to make her students well ____9____ while at the same time they had _____10_____ . Apart from that, she always _____11_____ us to explore new things. To be honest, Mrs. Varga has a great _____12_____ on me. I remember I behaved badly before. _____13_____ , I met Mrs. Varga who made me become the best student that I could be. I really appreciate (感激) her coming to our school. The last day of school was a _____14_____ one for us, because she would no longer teach us. Both of us cried in each other’s arms.
Mrs. Varga is one of the best teachers that I have ever had. She pours everything she has into her _____15_____ . Thanks to Mrs. Varga, I had a great time at Conrad Schools of Science.
1．A．team B．relationship C．membership D．opportunity
2．A．interesting B．challenging C．traditional D．professional
3．A．experiment B．debate C．performance D．memory
4．A．accepted B．described C．selected D．drew
5．A．imagine B．praise C．help D．research
6．A．nice B．famous C．strange D．old
7．A．learning about B．running after C．taking care of D．keeping up with
8．A．habits B．partners C．roles D．companies
9．A．dressed B．prepared C．organized D．taught
10．A．fun B．hope C．courage D．patience
11．A．allowed B．encouraged C．forced D．invited
12．A．impression B．pressure C．influence D．opinion
13．A．Suddenly B．Luckily C．Undoubtedly D．Surprisingly
14．A．necessary B．hard C．frightening D．safe
15．A．families B．children C．job D．study
Eradajere Oleata thinks she may have a partial solution called the Chip Bag Project for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. The 26-year-old student from Detroit is asking a(n) ___16___ of local snack lovers: ___17___ throw your empty chip bags into the trash, ___18___ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.
Chip eaters ___19___ their empty bags at a print shop and a clothing store — two ___20___ where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they are ___21___, it takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, each taking around 150 to 300 chip bags, ___22___ whether they’re single-serve or family size.
Since 2020, the Chip Bag Project has ___23___ over 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.
Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the ___24___ for Oleata and her fellow volunteers. “We are ___25___ to making an impact not only socially, but ___26___.” she says.
Of course, repurposing these bags is meaningful. ___27___ they would have ended in the trash. It’s a(n) ___28___ reminder that environmental injustice (不公平) and ___29___ often go hand in hand. As Oleata told hourdetroit.com: “I think it’s time to show ___30___ between all of these issues.”
16．A．explanation B．permit C．proposal D．favor
17．A．Other than B．More than C．Rather than D．Less than
18．A．sell B．recycle C．donate D．deliver
19．A．give away B．drop off C．cut off D．throw away
20．A．scenes B．destinations C．locations D．platforms
21．A．cleaned up B．brought up C．built up D．set up
22．A．depending on B．drawing on C．dawning on D．surviving on
23．A．saved B．collected C．extracted D．prepared
24．A．responsibility B．wisdom C．theory D．goal
25．A．addicted B．glued C．devoted D．limited
26．A．entirely B．environmentally C．economically D．globally
27．A．Somehow B．Anyhow C．Thus D．Otherwise
28．A．powerful B．chief C．official D．moral
29．A．development B．damage C．poverty D．climate
30．A．reactions B．connections C．strategies D．consequences
My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at ___31___. As for me, I ___32___both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together is really ___33___. It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and ___34___ Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the calm lake. Dad hadn't sailed for years, but everything ___35___ well with the tiller (舵柄) in his hands.
When we were in the middle of the lake, a ___36___ wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit violently. Dad was always at his best in any ___37___, but at this moment he ___38___ .
“John! ___39___!” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any ___40___. He was the one I always turned to for strength and security. Before I could respond, a wave of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller ___41___ it was too late. Another huge wall of water turned over the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely ___42___ of him.
I swam to Dad ___43___ and assisted him in climbing onto the hull (船壳) of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of ___44___. “It's all right, Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start ___45___ for my father.
31．A．boating B．running C．swimming D．teaching
32．A．enjoyed B．desired C．hated D．learned
33．A．unforgivable B．unforgettable C．cheerful D．regretful
34．A．sent B．ordered C．invited D．allowed
35．A．finished B．went C．seemed D．sounded
36．A．strong B．gentle C．cold D．hot
37．A．danger B．place C．sport D．job
38．A．suffered B．fell C．froze D．withdrew
39．A．Look B．Help C．Run D．Jump
40．A．problem B．relationship C．machine D．boat
41．A．if B．and C．after D．but
42．A．ashamed B．protective C．tired D．afraid
43．A．hopelessly B．quickly C．slowly D．helplessly
44．A．pain B．anger C．fear D．shame
45．A．making up B．getting ready C．paying off D．looking out
Philosophy is a systematic and reflective thinking on life. In thinking, the thinker is usually ____46____by the surroundings in which he lives. This is true of an individual, as it is also true of ____47____
To the ancient Chinese their land was the world.There are two expressions in Chinese which can both be ____48____as the world: “all beneath the sky” and “all within the four seas.” To the people of a maritime (沿海的) country such as the Greeks it would be ____49____ that expressions like these could be synonymous.
The ancient Chinese and Greek philosophers not only lived under different geographic conditions, but different____50____ones as well. Since China is a ____51____country, the Chinese people have to make their living by agriculture, and land is the primary basis of wealth. ____52____, throughout Chinese history, social and economic thinking and policy have____53____ the employment and distribution of land.
In the social and economic thinking of Chinese philosophers, there is a____54____between what they call “the root (本)” and “the branch (末).” “The root” refers to agriculture and “the branch” to____55____. The people who deal with the “branch” were the merchants. They were the____56____and lowest of the four traditional classes of society, the other three being scholars, farmers, and artisans. Scholars and farmers were____57____then in China. The scholars did not actually____58____ the land themselves, but since they were usually landlords, their fortunes were____59____with agriculture, and therefore their reaction to the universe and their____60____on life were essentially those of the farmer.
Philosophy gives us an ideal of life. Through studying philosophy, we know both this world and ourselves better.
46．A．conditioned B．equipped C．powered D．refreshed
47．A．traveler B．scholar C．client D．people
48．A．displayed B．confused C．translated D．symbolized
49．A．discouraging B．unconvincing C．embarrassing D．thrilling
50．A．cultural B．economic C．historical D．theoretical
51．A．continental B．dependent C．federal D．realistic
52．A．Besides B．Furthermore C．Hence D．Otherwise
53．A．shrunk from B．put pressure on C．gone about D．centered around
54．A．connection B．distinction C．foundation D．solution
55．A．commerce B．industry C．occupation D．tourism
56．A．aimless B．cautious C．last D．unemployed
57．A．ambitious B．dynamic C．fortunate D．honorable
58．A．explore B．cultivate C．investigate D．preserve
59．A．caught up B．kept up C．tied up D．put up
60．A．assessment B．impact C．concern D．outlook
Chess is a game of make-believe kings and queens, pawns (卒) and rooks (车). So what does that have to do with reality? ___61___, quite a bit.
Damen Fletcher, who learned how to play chess at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, Los Angeles. After ___62___ the city to attend college, he came home to find his childhood friends ___63___. “Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs... ‘Why did I have such a different ___64___?’ I started to ___65___. And it was chess,” he said. To help kids of all ages in Compton ___66___ the game of life and find their inner king and queen, he started Train of Thought.
“Every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent (对手)makes presents a new problem for you to ___67___,” he said. “And kids are just having fun. They don’t ___68___ that they’re dealing with problems.”
___69___ for 12-year-old Andre, chess is more than just a(n) ____70____. “I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ____71____ life, like, think before you ____72____,” he said. He’s just one of thousands of students from some of Los Angeles’ ____73____ neighborhoods learning to play chess. “My main thing in class is: be a scholar-being prepared, productive and never giving up,” Andre said.
While the program is ____74____ in schools in Los Angeles, Fletcher’s dream is to expand it nationwide-and even bring it to schools around the ____75____.
61．A．Looks like B．Turns out C．Ends up D．Finds out
62．A．leaving B．entering C．escaping D．joining
63．A．fighting B．complaining C．playing D．struggling
64．A．origin B．purpose C．outcome D．base
65．A．wonder B．doubt C．understand D．assume
66．A．master B．practice C．start D．enjoy
67．A．choose B．solve C．avoid D．arrange
68．A．admit B．believe C．accept D．realize
69．A．Or B．As C．So D．But
70．A．game B．hobby C．skill D．ability
71．A．adult B．modern C．real D．dream
72．A．change B．win C．speak D．act
73．A．farthest B．toughest C．most familiar D．most developed
74．A．consequently B．obviously C．currently D．frequently
75．A．neighborhood B．world C．country D．city
After one night of partying in college drinking and taking pills prescribed for my arthritis (关节炎) and migraines (偏头痛), I woke up the next morning and remembered nothing. I started hiccupping (打嗝) and it wouldn't ____76____ . After a week, I went to the campus hospital but they said ____77____ was wrong.
How much I would hiccup ____78____ . They would get worse if my stress levels were up or if I hadn't had much sleep.
When I first spoke to my family, they thought I was ____79____ it. It was only when I saw them in person that they started to believe me. They could hear me hiccupping all night so they knew it was ____80____ . The doctors thought it was all in my head. It made no ____81____ that I would lie about such a thing it was painful and annoying.
I got kicked out of class because I was ____82____ others. I wouldn't go to the movies because I thought I would ____83____ everyone. The problem was physically and mentally ____84____
Then I stopped taking pills and drinking. My life got back on track but the hiccups didn't _____85_____ Over the years, I've been given lots of different _____86_____ . I thought things might never get better. After eight years, my hiccups never stopped completely, but the medication eventually made them less _____87_____.
I've now been living with hiccups for 12 years. I feel mentally _____88_____ for going through this, as well as a more patient person. I'm so _____89_____ to having them that it's like blinking to me,_____90_____ my daughter does still laugh when she hears me hiccup.
76．A．stop B．help C．work D．wait
77．A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing
78．A．remained B．varied C．developed D．increased
79．A．hiding B．faking C．forcing D．treating
80．A．real B．correct C．important D．difficult
81．A．exception B．change C．sense D．difference
82．A．amusing B．embarrassing C．discouraging D．distracting
83．A．impress B．disturb C．disappoint D．surprise
84．A．exhausting B．attractive C．exciting D．confusing
85．A．get together B．go away C．get on D．go through
86．A．medications B．services C．choices D．chances
87．A．strange B．accessible C．frequent D．noisy
88．A．proud B．worried C．unfair D．stronger
89．A．blind B．close C．used D．open
90．A．and B．so C．because D．Although





参考答案：
1．B
2．A
3．D
4．C
5．D
6．B
7．A
8．C
9．D
10．A
11．B
12．C
13．B
14．B
15．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的老师Katelyn Varga不仅上课有趣而且对学生非常好，经常鼓励学生探索新事物，这让几乎所有的学生都喜欢她的课。
【详解】
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上她社会研究课的第一天，我就知道我们会建立很好的关系。A. team团队；B. relationship关系；C. membership会员；D. opportunity机会。根据后文“Her style of teaching was so ____2____ that almost every student in the class loved studying social studies”可知，学生们很喜欢她的课，故此处指建立很好的师生关系，故选B。

2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的教学方法是如此有趣，以至于她的每一个学生都喜欢学习社会研究课。A. interesting有趣的；B. challenging富于挑战性的；C. traditional传统的；D. professional专业的。根据下文“almost every student in the class loved studying social studies”可推知，她的教学方法有趣，所以每一个学生都喜欢她的课，故选A。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最美好的回忆来自Mrs. Varga教授美国内战的一堂课。A. experiment实验；B. debate讨论，辩论；C. performance表演；D. memory回忆。根据下文“was from our class about the American Civil War”可知，作者在回忆从前上的那一课，故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个学生挑选一个美国内战中的人物，然后进行研究，最后将研究结果解释给同学们听。A. accepted接受；B. described描述；C. selected选择；D. drew画。根据下文的“I chose Abraham Lincoln”可知，此处用“挑选”符合语境，chose和selected是同义词复现，故选C。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个学生挑选一个美国内战中的人物，然后进行研究，最后将研究结果解释给同学们听。A. imagine想象；B. praise表扬；C. help帮助；D. research研究。根据上文的“The first day I had her social studies class”可知，作者的老师Katelyn Varga上的是社会研究课，故此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词，故选D。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我选择了林肯，而其他同学选择了这个时间段的其他名人，例如Jefferson Davis。A. nice好的；B. famous著名的；C. strange奇怪的；D. old年老的。根据上文“Each student ____4____ a person from the American Civil War”可知，老师要求学生挑选美国内战的名人，故选B。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们会四处走动了解其他学生选择的人物以及他们在这段悲剧时代中所起的作用。A. learning about学习，了解；B. running after追求，追赶；C. taking care of照顾，关心；D. keeping up with赶得上，和……保持联系。根据后文“the other students’ characters”可知，学生们四处走动是为了了解其他学生选择的人物，以及他们在这段悲剧时代中所起的作用。故选A。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们会四处走动了解其他学生选择的人物以及他们在这段悲剧时代中所起的作用。A. habits习惯；B. partners搭档；C. roles作用；D. companies公司。根据后文“in the tragic (不幸的) time period”可知，学生不仅了解了解其他学生选择的人物，还要了解这些人物在这段悲剧时代中所起的作用。故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mrs. Varga总能找到有用的方式使得学生们学得很好，同时他们也可以找到乐趣。A. dressed穿；B. prepared准备；C. organised组织；D. taught教。根据第一段“My former teacher, Katelyn Varga”可知，Mrs. Varga的身份是教师，故此处用“教”符合逻辑，故选D。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mrs. Varga总能找到有用的方式使得学生们学得很好，同时他们也可以找到乐趣。A. fun乐趣；B. hope希望；C. courage勇气；D. patience耐心。根据第一段的“every student in the class loved studying social studies”可知，此处是指学生们既能学好，也能学得开心，获得乐趣，故选A。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，她经常鼓励我们探索新事物。A. allowed允许；B. encouraged鼓励；C. forced强迫；D. invited邀请。根据后文“to explore new things”可知，老师经常鼓励学生探索新事物。故选B。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：说实话，Mrs. Varga对我的影响很大。A. impression印象；B. pressure压力；C. influence影响；D. opinion观点。根据后文的“I remember I behaved badly before. _____13_____ , I met Mrs. Varga who made me become the best student that I could be”可知，Mrs. Varga对作者的影响很大。故选C。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我遇到了Mrs. Varga，她让我变成了最好的自己。A. Suddenly突然；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. Surprisingly令人吃惊地。根据后文的“I met Mrs. Varga who made me become the best student that I could be”可知，老师让作者变成了最好的自己，这对作者是幸运的事情。故选B。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕业那天对我们来说很艰难，因为她不会再教我们了。A. necessary必需的；B. hard艰难的；C. frightening令人恐惧的；D. safe安全的。根据后文“because she would no longer teach us”可知，Mrs. Varga不再教他们了，这让他们很难过，所以毕业那天对他们来说很艰难。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把自己拥有的一切都投入到了工作中。A. families家人；B. children孩子；C. job工作；D. study研究，学习。根据上文的“Mrs. Varga is one of the best teachers that I have ever had”可知，此处指她把自己拥有的一切都投入到了工作中。故选C。
16．D
17．C
18．C
19．B
20．C
21．A
22．A
23．B
24．D
25．C
26．B
27．D
28．A
29．C
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Eradajere Oleata发起了一个被称为“薯片袋项目”来解决她的国家两个长期存在的问题：垃圾和贫困。
16．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位来自底特律的26岁学生请求当地小吃爱好者帮个忙。A. explanation解释；B. permit许可证；C. proposal提议；D. favor恩惠。根据后文“ 　 2　　throw your empty chip bags into the trash, 　　3　　them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.”可知，这位学生是请求帮忙，此处是固定搭配ask a favor意为“请求帮助”。故选D项。
17．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐出去，这样她就能把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋了。A. Other than除了；B. More than超过，多于；C. Rather than而不是；D. Less than少于。根据后文“ 　　3　　them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.”可知，此处表达与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。故选C项。
18．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐出去，这样她就能把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋了。A. sell卖；B. recycle再利用；C. donate捐赠；D. deliver传送。根据后文“Chip eaters 　　4　　their empty bags at a print shop and a clothing store”可知，是把空的薯片袋给两家店里，属于捐赠。故先C项。
19．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：吃薯片的人会把他们的空袋子放在一家打印店和一家服装店，这是Oleita和她的志愿者们收集薯片的两个地方。A. give away赠送；B. drop off中途卸下；C. cut off切断；D. throw away扔掉。根据后文“two 　　5　　where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them”可知，吃薯片的人会把他们的空袋子顺便放在两个收集点。故选B项。
20．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人会把他们的空袋子放在一家打印店和一家服装店，这是Oleita和她的志愿者们收集薯片的两个地方。A. scenes情景；B. destinations目的地；C. locations地方；D. platforms站台。根据前文“ at a print shop and a clothing store”可知，这是Oleita和她的志愿者们收集薯片的两个地方。故填C项。
21．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：清理干净后，缝一个睡袋大约需要4个小时，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，取决于它们是单人袋还是家庭袋。A. cleaned up打扫干净；B. brought up培养；C. built up确立；D. set up建立。根据后文“it takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag”可知，缝一个睡袋前，需先把袋子清理干净。故选A项。
22．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：清理干净后，缝一个睡袋大约需要4个小时，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，取决于它们是单袋还是家庭袋。A. depending on依据；B. drawing on凭借；C. dawning on开始；D. surviving on靠……活下来。根据前文“each taking around 150 to 300 chip bags”和下文“whether they’re single-serve or family size.”可知，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，取决于它们是单袋还是家庭袋。故选A项。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年以来，“薯片袋项目”已经收集了超过80万个薯片袋，截至去年12月，已经制作了110个睡袋。A. saved挽救；B. collected收集；C. extracted提取；D. prepared使做好准备。根据前文“two 　　5　　where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them”可知，此处表达已经收集了超过80万个薯片袋。故选B项。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这只是奥莱塔和她的志愿者伙伴们目标的一半。A. responsibility责任；B. wisdom智慧；C. theory理论；D. goal目标。根据前文“Eradajere Oleata thinks she may have a partial solution called the Chip Bag Project for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty.”以及“Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. ”可知，Oleata和他的同伴有两个目标，买睡袋只能解决一个目标。故选D项。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们致力于不仅在社会上，而且在环境上产生影响。A. addicted上瘾的；B. glued粘的；C. devoted专心致志的；D. limited有限的。根据前文“Eradajere Oleata thinks she may have a partial solution called the Chip Bag Project for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty.”可知，他们是为了解决国家存在的两个问题，所以是致力于在社会和环境上产生影响。故选C项。
26．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们致力于不仅在社会上，而且在环境上产生影响。A. entirely全部地；B. environmentally在环境方面地；C. economically在经济上；D. globally全球地。根据前文“Eradajere Oleata thinks she may have a partial solution called the Chip Bag Project for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty.”可知，他们是为了解决国家存在的垃圾和贫困两个问题，所以是致力于在社会和环境上产生影响。故选B项。
27．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：否则它们就会被扔进垃圾桶。A. Somehow不知怎么地；B. Anyhow无论如何；C. Thus因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“Of course, repurposing these bags is meaningful. ”可知，重新利用这些袋子是有意义的。否则它们就会被扔进垃圾桶。故选D项。
28．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这有力地提醒我们，环境不公往往与贫困相伴而行。A. powerful强有力的；B. chief主要的；C. official正式的；D. moral道德的。根据后文的“reminder”以及结合选项，此处应填powerful，意为“有力地提醒”符合句意。故选A项。
29．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这有力地提醒我们，环境不公往往与贫困相伴而行。A. development发展；B. damage损害；C. poverty贫穷；D. climate气候。根据前文“Eradajere Oleata thinks she may have a partial solution called the Chip Bag Project for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty.”可知本文主要讲解决垃圾问题和贫困问题，由此推知环境问题常与贫困相伴而行。故选C项。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为是时候展示所有这些问题之间的联系了。A. reactions反应；B. connections联系；C. strategies策略；D. consequences结果。根据前文“It’s a 　13　　reminder that environmental injustice and 　　14　　　often go hand in hand.”可知环境不公往往与贫困相伴而行，所以两者间是有联系的。故选B项。
31．C
32．D
33．B
34．C
35．B
36．A
37．A
38．C
39．B
40．A
41．D
42．B
43．B
44．C
45．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。在作者的记忆力爸爸无所不能。可是一次难忘的航行却让作者有了新的发现——原来父亲也需要别人的帮助！
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸很擅长航海，但不擅长游泳。A. boating划船；B. running跑；C. swimming游泳；D. teaching教。根据后文转折连词but和“I swam to Dad”可知，父亲精通航海术，却不会游泳。故选C。
32．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于我，因为我住在Ontario湖附近，所以在12岁之前我就学会了这两门课。A. enjoyed享受；B. desired要求；C. hated恨；D. learned学习。根据下文，作者陪父亲一同去航海，而且还救了落水的父亲，可知作者在很小的时候就学会了航海和游泳。故选D。
33．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上次爸爸和我一起扬帆出海真是令人难忘。A. unforgivable不可原谅的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. regretful遗憾的。上次作者跟他父亲一起去航海，但却遇到了意外，作者好不容易才救起了落水的父亲，当然是十分难忘。故选B。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家邀请爸爸去航海。A. sent发送；B. ordered命令；C. invited邀请；D. allowed允许。下文叙述了作者跟其父亲一起去航海的经历。根据“Dad hadn’t sailed for years”可知，父亲已经很多年没有航海了，作者在大学毕业回家后，邀请父亲一同去航海。故选C。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸不航行多年了，但舵柄在他的手中一切都很顺利。A. finished完成；B. went变得；C. seemed看起来；D. sounded听起来。根据前文“Dad was quite skilled in sailing”可知，因为父亲擅长航海，尽管父亲多年不航行了，但在父亲的掌控中，一切都进展顺利(go well)。故选B。
36．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们在湖中央时，突然刮来一阵大风。A. strong强壮的；B. gentle温柔地；C. cold冷的；D. hot热的。根据下文“The boat was hit violently.”可知，他们的船随风颠簸，到处乱撞，而且父亲还被卷落水中，可知一定是狂风大作。故选A。
37．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸总是在任何危险的时候都能保持最佳状态，但此时他却愣住了。A. danger危险；B. place地方；C. sport运动；D. job工作。想想当时，肯定他们是遇险了，在作者记忆中，父亲应该是能处理好一切的险情(danger)，但这一次，却愣住了。故选A。
38．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. suffered遭受；B. fell跌倒；C. froze惊呆；吓呆；D. withdrew撤回。根据后文“he shouted in a trembling voice”可知，父亲是害怕了，手也不听使唤了，颤抖的声音在那向作者求救。但是此时此刻，作者的爸爸“吓呆”了，不知如何是好。此处freeze表示“惊呆；吓呆”。 故选C。
39．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“约翰!救命!”他用颤抖的声音喊道，手里还握着舵柄。A. Look看；B. Help救命；C. Run跑；D. Jump跳。根据本句中的“he shouted in a trembling voice”可知，作者的爸爸很害怕，大喊“救命”。 故选B。
40．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的记忆中，他能解决任何问题。A. problem问题；B. relationship关系；C. machine机器；D. boat船。根据后文“He was the one I always turned to for strength and security. ”可知，这是作者父亲第一次依靠作者，可以推断，此处为在作者的记忆中，爸爸可以解决任何“问题”。故选A。
41．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我冲向舵柄，但已经太迟了。A. if如果；B. and和；C. after 之后；D. but但是。根据下文中的“We were thrown into the water(我们被扔到了水里)”可以推断，尽管作者冲向舵柄，但是已经太迟了。故选D。
42．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我强烈地想保护他。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. protective保护的；C. tired累的；D. afraid害怕的。上一句提到作者的爸爸在水中漫无目的地挣扎，下文讲到作者如何帮父亲摆脱险境，由此可知作者在那一刻强烈地感觉到要保护他。故选B。
43．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我游到爸爸迅速并协助他爬上船壳。A. hopelessly无望地；B. quickly快地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. helplessly无助地。前文提到父亲不会游泳，但落水了，所以作者迅速游到父亲身边去救父亲。故选B。
44．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸坐在船壳上时，他对自己的恐惧感到有点尴尬。A. pain疼痛；B. anger生气；C. fear害怕；D. shame害羞。第四段提到作者的爸爸用颤抖的声音向作者求救，由此可知此时他为自己当时表现出来的“恐惧”感到尴尬。故选C。
45．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我发现轮到我去照顾我的父亲了。A. making up组成；B. getting ready准备；C. paying off得到回报；D. looking out留神，当心，关照。根据前句“That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency.”可知，作者父亲依靠作者；由此可以推断此处为作者要照顾父亲。look out for sb.表示“关照，照顾”。 故选D。
46．A
47．D
48．C
49．B
50．B
51．A
52．C
53．D
54．B
55．A
56．C
57．D
58．B
59．C
60．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了哲学家的思考受到其自身的生活环境的制约，并介绍了古代中国的社会和经济思想，通过学习哲学，我们更了解这个世界和我们自己。
46．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在思考时，思考者通常受到他所生活的环境的制约。A. conditioned控制，制约；B. equipped配备，装备；C. powered驱动，推动；D. refreshed使恢复精力。下文提到中国和希腊由于地理环境不同，哲学家的思想也存在差异，由此可知，思考者通常受到生活环境的制约。故选A项。
47．
考查名词词词义辨析。句意：对个人是如此，对民族也是如此。A. traveler旅行者；B. scholar学者；C. client客户，当事人；D. people人们，民族。此处和“an individual”形成对比，结合下文提到的中国和希腊的例子可知，此处表示“对民族也是如此”。故选D项。
48．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉语中有两种说法都可以翻译为世界：“天下皆天”和“四海之内皆天”。A. displayed展示，展览；B. confused使糊涂，使迷惑；C. translated翻译，解释为；D. symbolized象征。结合语境及空后的“‘all beneath the sky’ and ‘all within the four seas’”可知，此处指这两种说法都可以翻译为“世界”的概念。故选C项。
49．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于像希腊这样的海洋国家的人民来说，这样的同义表达是无法令人信服的。A. discouraging使人沮丧的；B. unconvincing令人难以信服的，令人怀疑的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. thrilling惊险的，令人兴奋的。上文提到思考着会受到自身生活环境的制约，结合下文“The ancient Chinese and Greek philosophers not only lived under different geographic conditions, but different ____5____ ones as well.”可知，中国和希腊哲学家出于不同的地理环境和民族背景，哲学思考应是有所不同，所以此处指“令人难以信服的”。故选B项。
50．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国和希腊古代哲学家不仅生活在不同的地理条件下，而且生活在不同的经济条件下。A. cultural文化的；B. economic经济的；C. historical历史的；D. theoretical理论的。下一句“Since China is a ____6____ country, the Chinese people have to make their living by agriculture, and land is the primary basis of wealth.”提到经济方面，故此处指“经济条件”，下文也多次出现economic。故选B项。
51．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于中国是一个陆地国家，中国人必须以农业为生，土地是财富的首要基础。A. continental大陆的；B. dependent依赖的；C. federal联邦的；D. realistic务实的，实事求是的。根据常识及“the Chinese people have to make their living by agriculture, and land is the primary basis of wealth”可知，中国是一个陆地国家，人们靠农业谋生。故选A项。
52．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，在整个中国历史上，社会和经济的思想和政策都以土地的使用和分配为中心。A. Besides此外，而且；B. Furthermore此外，而且；C. Hence因此；D. Otherwise否则。结合句意可知，此处与上文是因果关系，因为中国是大陆国家，因此社会和经济的思想都是以土地为中心。故选C项。
53．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，在整个中国历史上，社会和经济的思想和政策都以土地的使用和分配为中心。A. shrunk from退避；B. put pressure on对……施加压力；C. gone about着手做，处理；D. centered around集中于，围绕。结合语境可知，此处指社会和经济的思想和政策都以土地的使用和分配为中心。故选D项。
54．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在中国哲学家的社会经济思想中，有他们所谓的“本”和“末”的区别。A. connection关系。联系；B. distinction差别，区别；C. foundation 基础；D. solution解决方法。根据下文“In the social and economic thinking of Chinese philosophers, there is a_______between what they call “the root (本)” and “the branch (末).”可知，“本”和“末”有区别。故选B项。
55．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“本”指的是农业，“末”指的是商业。A. commerce商业；B. industry工业；C. occupation职业；D. tourism旅游业。根据下一句“The people who deal with the ‘branch’ were the merchants.(与‘末’打交道的是商人)”可知，“末”指商业。故选A项。
56．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是四个传统社会阶层中最后和底层的，另外三个是读书人、农民和做工的人。A. aimless没有目标的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. last最后的；D. unemployed未被雇佣的。结合“lowest”可知，商人是社会最底层的人。故选C项。
57．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当时的中国，读书人和农民是光荣的。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. dynamic充满活力的，动态的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. honorable光荣的。结合上文“the other three being scholars, farmers, and artisans.”及常识可知，古代中国读书人和农民是光荣的。故选D项。
58．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：读书人本身并不耕种土地，但由于他们通常是地主，他们的财富与农业息息相关，因此他们对宇宙的反应和人生观本质上是农民的态度。A. explore探索；B. cultivate开垦，耕作；C. investigate调查；D. preserve保护，维护。根据常识可知，此处指读书人并不直接种地，故选B项。
59．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：读书人本身并不耕种土地，但由于他们通常是地主，他们的财富与农业息息相关，因此他们对宇宙的反应和人生观本质上是农民的态度。A. caught up赶上，追上；B. kept up跟上，不落后； C. tied up捆绑，捆紧；D. put up张贴，建起。根据“but since they were usually landlords”可知，读书人一般是地主，所以他们的财富和农业息息相关，tie up with和……有关系，符合语境。故选C项。
60．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：读书人本身并不耕种土地，但由于他们通常是地主，他们的财富与农业息息相关，因此他们对宇宙的反应和人生观本质上是农民的态度。A. assessment评估，评价；B. impact影响； C. concern担心，忧虑；D. outlook看法，态度。结合“their reaction to the universe”可知，此处指读书人的世界观和人生观本质上和农民一样。故选D项。
61．B
62．A
63．D
64．C
65．A
66．A
67．B
68．D
69．D
70．A
71．C
72．D
73．B
74．C
75．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述Damen Fletcher通过教孩子们国际象棋来改变他们的思维，以及对生活的态度。
61．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那么这与现实有什么关系呢？原来，相当多。A. Looks like好像，看起来像；B. Turns out原来；C. Ends up结束；D. Finds out找出。上文“So what does that have to do with reality”在问这个与现实有什么关系；文章第二段“Damen Fletcher, who learned how to play chess at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, Los Angeles.（Damen Fletcher在13岁时学会下棋，在洛杉矶康普顿长大。）”可知第二段开始，文章就在讲述与象棋有关的事情。可推知“___1___, quite a bit. ”表达的是“原来，有相当多关系”，来引出下文对与象棋有关事情的描述。故选B项。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开城市上大学后，他回到家，发现童年的朋友们在苦苦挣扎。A. leaving离开；B. entering进入；C. escaping逃跑；D. joining加入。上句“Damen Fletcher, who learned how to play chess at the age of 13, grew up in Compton, Los Angeles.”可知Damen在洛杉矶长大；本句“After ___2__ the city to attend college, he came home to find his childhood friends __3__.”可知他上大学了，回家寻找儿时的朋友，可推知他应该是离开了他生长的那个城市，去别的地方上大学，故选A项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开城市上大学后，他回到家，发现童年的朋友们在苦苦挣扎。A. fighting斗争；B. complaining抱怨；C. playing玩；D. struggling挣扎。由下文“Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs”可知他们有些人已经入狱、帮派生活和毒品……，可推知他的一些朋友的境遇非常不好，在苦苦挣扎，故选D项。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么我会有如此不同的结果？A. origin起源；B. purpose目的；C. outcome结果；D. base基础。由上文“Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs”可知他的一些朋友入狱、参与帮派、毒品，结果非常坏；文章第二段第二句“After ___2___ the city to attend college,”可知作者去上大学了，可知他和他的朋友的结果差别非常大。故选C项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始犯疑惑。A. wonder疑惑；B. doubt怀疑；C. understand明白；D. assume认为。根据“Gang life and drugs... ‘Why did I have such a different 　　　4　　?’ ”可知，他不相信差距，对此事感到疑惑。故选A项。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是国际象棋，他说。为了帮助康普顿各个年龄段的孩子掌握这个生活游戏并帮助他们找到他们内心的国王和王后，他创办了Train of Thought。A. master掌握；B. practice练习；C. start开始；D. enjoy喜欢。下文“Every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent（对手）makes presents a new problem for you to   ___7___ ,”可知，他创建Train of Thought的目的是帮助这些孩子掌握这些游戏。故选A项。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对手的每一个动作都会给你带来新的问题供你解决。A. choose选择；B. solve解决；C. avoid避免；D. arrange安排。由本句中“makes presents a new problem”可知会有新问题给你，新问题自然是让你去解决的，故填B项。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们意识不到他们正在处理问题。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. accept接受；D. realize意识到。由上文“Every game of chess is 75 to 100 moves, and every single move that your opponent（对手）makes presents a new problem for you to ___7___,” he said. “And kids are just having fun.”可知当对手丢出一个新问题来让孩子们解决的时候，孩子们可能仅仅觉得有趣，而不能意识到其实这已经是他们独自在解决问题了。故选D项。
69．考查介词词义辩词。句意：但是对于12岁的安德烈来说，国际象棋不仅仅是一场游戏。A. Or或者；B. As由于；C. So所以；D. But但是。根据下文“I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ___ life, like,”可知他使用了很多他在棋盘上学到的东西，而前文一直把象棋作为一个游戏来描述的，故推知空处是表示转折的词，表达的是“但是对于12岁的安德烈来说，国际象棋不仅仅是一场游戏”，故选D项。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是对于12岁的安德烈来说，国际象棋不仅仅是一场游戏。A. game游戏；B. hobby业余爱好；C. skill技巧；D. ability能力。由下文“I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ___ life, like,”可知他使用了很多他在棋盘上学到的东西，而前文一直把象棋作为一个游戏来描述的，其实不仅仅是游戏，还对他在生活中的帮助很大。故选A项。
71．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：我在现实生活中使用了很多我在棋盘上学的东西。A. adult成年的；B. modern现代的；C. real真实的；D. dream梦想。由文章第一段“So what does that have to do with reality?”可知本文讲的是象棋与现实的关系；由本句“I use a lot of stuff that I leaned on the chess board in ___ life”可推知作者是把他在棋盘上学到的东西运用到现实生活中来，才得到象棋不仅仅是一个游戏这样的结论。故选C项。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在现实生活中使用了很多我在棋盘上学的东西，比如在行动之前思考一下。A. change改变；B. win赢得；C. speak说话；D. act行动。根据常识，下象棋落子之前都是要思考的，即在行动之前要思考。故选D项。
73．考查形容词最高级。句意：他只是洛杉矶一些最糟糕的社区学习下棋的数千名学生中的一员。A. farthest最远的；B. toughest最粗暴的；C. most familiar最相似的；D. most developed最发达的。由上文“ he came home to find his childhood friends 　　. “Some of them had fallen into prison. Gang life and drugs...”可知作者回到故乡去找儿时的玩伴，他们中有入狱的、参与帮派、吸毒的，可推知作者生长的这个社区很糟糕。故选B项。
74．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然该计划目前在洛杉矶的学校开展，但 Fletcher的梦想是将其扩展到全国——甚至将其带到世界各地的学校。A. consequently所以；B. obviously 明显地；C. currently目前；D. frequently频繁地。由上文“He’s just one of thousands of students from some of Los Angeles”可知这个计划目前在洛杉矶大规模开展了。故选C项。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然该计划目前在洛杉矶的学校开展，但 Fletcher 的梦想是将其扩展到全国——甚至将其带到世界各地的学校。A. neighborhood邻里；B. world世界；C. country国家；D. city城市。由本句“Fletcher’s dream is to expand it nationwide-and even bring it to schools around the ___15_.”可知他的梦想是将其扩展到比全国更大的区域范围，那就是世界。故选B项。
76．A
77．D
78．B
79．B
80．A
81．C
82．D
83．B
84．A
85．B
86．A
87．C
88．D
89．C
90．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在关节炎和偏头痛的药后不断的打嗝。当压力大和睡眠不足的时候打嗝尤其严重，作者第一次告诉家人和医生时，他们并不相信他。后来打嗝给他在精神上和身体上带来很大的困扰。多年后，打嗝也没有完全治愈。最终作者只能和打嗝和平共处，适应了打嗝的作者也变得更有耐心了。
76．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始打嗝，而且打嗝就是不停。A. stop停止；B. help帮助；C. work奏效；D. wait等待。根据下文“After a week, I went to the campus hospital”可知，作者前去学校医院就医了，说明他打嗝的情况没有停止。故选A项。
77．
考查不定代词辨析。句意：我前去校医院就医但是他们说没什么问题。A. anything任何事情；B. something有些事情；C. everything一切事情；D. nothing没有什么。根据前文“but they said”的转折词but可知，虽然他一直打嗝，但是他的身体并没有什么问题。故选D项。
78．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会打多少隔视情况不同。A. remained保持；B. varied       视情况而变化；C. developed发展；D. increased增加。根据下文“They would get worse if my stress levels were up or if I hadn't had much sleep.”可知，作者在压力大或是缺乏睡眠的时候，打嗝会更加严重，所以他打嗝的多少会随着情况的变化而变化。故选B项。
79．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次跟我家人说的时候，他们认为我在骗他们。A. hiding隐藏；B. faking冒充，欺骗；C. forcing强迫；D. treating对待。根据下文“It was only when I saw them in person that they started to believe me.”可知，只有他们亲自看见我打嗝他们才开始相信我。可推测，作者第一次告诉家人的时候，他们认为作者在欺骗他们。故选B项。
80．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会听见我一整晚都在打嗝，所以他们知道那是真的。A. real真的；B. correct正确的；C. important重要的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文“They could hear me hiccupping all night.”可知，他们听见了我打了一整晚的嗝，所以他们相信我说的是真的了。故选A项。
81．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在这件事情上撒谎毫无意义，这十分痛苦，且令人气愤A. exception例外；B. change变化；C. sense意义；D. difference不同。根据上文“The doctors thought it was all in my head.”可知，医生也认为他在说谎。但作者认为在这件事情上说谎是毫无意义的。make no sense为固定搭配，意为毫无意义。故选C项。
82．
考查形容词词义辨析：句意：我被踢出了班级，因为我的打嗝声会让别人分心。A. amusing有意思的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. discouraging令人气馁的；D. distracting令人分心的。根据前文“ I got kicked out of class”可知我被踢出了课堂是因为我的打嗝声会让学生分心。故选D项。
83．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不愿意去电影院，因为我认为我的打嗝声会打扰到别人。A. impress使留下深刻印象；B. disturb打扰；C. disappoint使失望；D. surprise使惊讶。根据前文“I wouldn't go to the movies”作者不去电影院也是因为他的打嗝会影响别人。故选B项。
84．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：打嗝的问题令我身心俱疲。A. exhausting是疲惫不堪的B. attractive吸引人的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据前文“ I got kicked out of class” “I wouldn't go to the movies”可知，作者无法上课，无法去电影院，打嗝给他身体和精神上都带来了极大的困扰，令他疲惫不堪。故选A项。
85．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的生活恢复正轨，我的打嗝并没有停止。A. get together聚集；B. go away离开；C. get on上车；D. go through经历。根据前文“My life got back on track but”可知作者的生活恢复了正轨，由转折词but可知前后表转折，可推测作者的打嗝并没有消失。故选B项。
86．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，医生给了我很多不同的药。A. medications药物；B. services服务；C. choices选择；D. chances机会。根据下文“medication eventually made them less”可知药物使作者打嗝不那么频繁了。可知作者吃了各种不同的药。故选A项。
87．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：药物让我的打嗝变得没那么频繁了。A. strange奇怪的；B. accessible可进入的；C. frequent频繁的；D. noisy吵闹的。根据上文“After eight years, my hiccups never stopped completely, but”可知，八年后作者的打嗝没有完全停止，由转折词but可知药物还是起了一定的作用，他的打嗝有所好转，不那么频繁了。故选C项。
88．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经历这些后我心理上变得强大了。A. proud自豪的；B. worried担心的；C. unfair不公平的；D. stronger更强大的。根据上文“I've now been living with hiccups for 12 years.”以及下文“as well as a more patient person”可知，作者和打嗝一切生活了有12年了，经历过这些他变得更加有耐心了。可推测打嗝对作者心理上带来了一些好的影响，心理上也更强大了。故选D项。
89．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我慢慢习惯了打嗝。A. blind视而不见的；B. close接近的；C. used习惯于；D. open开放的。根据上文“I've now been living with hiccups for 12 years.”可知作者和打嗝生活了12年了，因此他早已习惯了。be used to doing为固定搭配，意为习惯于。故选C项。
90．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我已经习惯了打嗝尽管我的女儿听到我打嗝还是会笑话我。A. and和；B. so因此；C. because因为；D. although尽管。根据前文“I'm so used to having them” 以及下文“my daughter does still laugh when she hears me hiccup.”可知虽然女儿在听到他打嗝时仍然会笑他，但是他已经习惯了。前后句意是让步关系。故选D项。