人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Body Language优秀课后作业题

Unit 4 Body Language

Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time

词性转换

1. anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的→________ n. 焦虑；担心；害怕
2. employ vt. 使用，应用，雇用→________ n. 雇主→________ n. 雇员
3. differ vi. 不同于；相异→________ n. 不同之处→________ adj. 不同的
4. assess vt. 评估；评价→________ n. 评价；评定
5. favour vt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于 n. 恩惠，帮助，赞同→________ adj. 赞同的→________ adj. & n.  

特别喜爱的(东西)

6. clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清→________ n. 澄清；解释
7. educate v. 教育→ ________ n. 教师；教育工作者；教育家→________ n. 教育
8. tend vi. 趋向→________ n. 趋势；倾向
9. embarrass vt. 使尴尬→________ adj. 尴尬的；难堪的
10. slight adj. 轻微的；略微的；细小的→ ________ adv. 略微；稍微

培优第一阶——基础过关练

I. 单词拼写

1．A_______of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him.

2．Keep quiet! I can b________ hear what the teacher’ is saying!

3．She liked to dance but felt e___________ if someone was watching her.

4．Explain what happened and how the person r__________ to the blame.

5．Sometimes c________ will come up, but never for very long. (n. serious disagreement or argument about something important)

6．At the funeral, everyone was w________ with sadness over the young boy’s death.

7．She ________(哭泣)for the loss of her mother.

8．He felt ___________ (羞耻的) for having spoken so cruelly.

9．You should avoid __________ (冲突) with your neighbors.

10．The man was so tall that he had to ________(低下) his head to get through the door.

11．E______ (尴尬的) and ashamed, I can’t concentrate on anything.

12．You should keep kids on a fairly tight leash because they’re b______ (干扰) others.

II.选词填空

1．After China’s implementing the Belt and Road Initiative, there is a great need for ______ teachers of Business English.

2．A journalist’s job is to inform people ______ about events, without any personal feelings.

3．There were over 1000 ______ for the job, so the competition must have been fierce.

4．The film, ______ the famous writer’s novel, enjoyed great success as soon as it hit the screen.

5．The remote desert area ______ only by helicopter, which makes the rescue work more difficult.

6．The boy have a ______ to talk too much when he has butterflies in his stomach.

7．It was midnight, but when I left work from my office, I still found some people ______ aimlessly on the streets.

8．Although the first proposal sounded more practical, many people expressed a strong ______ for the original one.

9．It was stupid of you not to understand the issue, because it ______ before.

10．He is working under great pressure ______ for handing in the report, or he will be fired.

III．单句语法填空

1．When Riley moved to a new city, she had a hard time ______ (adjust) to her new surroundings.

2．The girl lay in bed ________ (stare) at the last leaf on the tree.

3．We almost missed it as I hadn’t set the alarm properly so my father was _______(bare) speaking to me.

4．The________(embarrass) look on her face showed that she hadn’t expected my arrival.

5．As an __________ (educate), I want to see my students succeed.

6．His wife is my daughter, ________other words, I am his mother-in-law.

7．There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ________(stare)at the night sky.

8．The other scientists ________(react) to her ideas with a mixture of criticism and silence.

9．Some hospital patients experience high levels of ________ (anxious).

10．In the coming weeks, fans of the online game can expect new videos, character, and much more exciting content ________ (reveal).

11．The ___________ (ultimately) decision lies with the parents.

12．As an _____(educate), I want to see my students succeed.

III. 翻译句子

1．She sensed that mastering a foreign language and programming skills could be the key to a good programming job. (英译汉)

2．While some see the bright side of the policy, others worry that it will lead to a baby boom in China. (英译汉)

3．You know you have to read “between the lines” to get the most out of the book. (英译汉)

4．I think coffee tastes good, but not everybody likes drinking it. (英译汉)

5．He sounds as though he has the weight of the world on him. (英译汉)

V. 课文语法填空

It is important for an     1     (educate) to understand what makes each student tick.    2     (general) speaking, I usually look     3     their body language. I know when students are really interested, because they lean forward and look at me. People have a     4     (tend) to lean towards whatever they are interested in. So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is     5     (bore) and just continuing the minutes for the class to end.

A good teacher should also have the strategy     6     (distinguish) when students are troubled, and try     7     (inquiry) what is going on about them. Anyway, reacting     8    body language is an important component for a teacher,    9    duty is helping all teenagers learn     10     (active) and devotedly.

培优第二阶——拓展培优练

阅读理解

（2021·全国·高二课时练习）Like any language, English has many variations （ 变形） in vocabulary, spelling and pronunciation. The differences can be regional or even exist within the same city! As a Canadian who lives in Vancouver, I have always known these differences, but I didn’t get to experience them firsthand until I began attending an American university.

I found that there are some Canadian words that people in the US just don’t understand like “tuque”, which is a warm, knitted hat. My friends tease me every time I use the “washroom,” as the word isn’t used in the US - “bathroom”, “toilet” and “restroom” are often used instead. In a similar way, when I asked my friend what marks he got on his test, he gave me a confused look. People in the US only say “grades”.

Though certain Canadian expressions sound very different from our North American neighbor, they share the same original language because both served as colonies（殖民地）of the former British Empire. This cultural heritage survives through speech and language.

Unlike American English, most Canadian spellings are similar to the British words. In the US, words like “harbour” and “colour” are spelled without the “u”. Even so, some words changed in Canada, like “aluminum”. British people spell and pronounce this word as “aluminium”.

As a result, Canadian English has developed an identity of its own. For example, we cannot forget the most important word in Canadian English: sorry. While it isn’t really the most important word, Canadians have a reputation for being polite and friendly. I, for one, want to preserve that reputation and honor my Canadian roots, even while I’m in the United States.

“Language brings with it an identity and a culture…,” wrote South African comedian Trevor Noah in his book, Born a Crime: Stories From a South African Child. “A language barrier says ‘We’re different.’ A shared language says ‘We’re the same’.”

5．Why might Americans fail to understand Canadians sometimes?

A．Canadian English is more challenging.

B．There exist differences in the two languages.

C．Canada is less strongly influenced by the former British Empire.

D．Canadians attach more importance to being polite and friendly.

6．Which of the following can most likely be a Canadian expression?

A．Excuse me, where’s the bathroom?

B．The girl student got good grades on her exams.

C．I’m sorry that he laboured all day in the harbour.

D．The window of the toilet is made of aluminium.

7．As a Canadian, the writer.

A．never sees the difference between different kinds of English

B．is always looked down upon by his friends in the US

C．found great difficulty adapting to university life in the US

D．does not want to lose his identity as a Canadian

8．We can learn from the text that.

A．language is an important carrier of culture

B．most of the languages have the same origin

C．one culture’s meat is another culture’s poison

D．honesty is the key to crossing the language barrier

语法填空

（2020·全国·高二课时练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Few words ___37___ (speak) more often every day on the streets of Britain than “I’m sorry”. This phrase has become such a common ____38____ (respond) that it has taken on a lot of meanings. Sorry means to apologize. This is simple and easy to understand. But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a ___39___ (culture) expression. Imagine this: a man walks down the street, ____40____ (look) down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction, toward the man. She sees him, but she can’t get out of the way in time. The man ___41___ (knock) into the woman. Naturally, the man should say sorry, because it was he who wasn’t looking ___42___ he was going. Yet in Britain, it is common ____43____both to apologize. Other times ___44___ may sound funny to hear “sorry”. Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: “sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, ____45____ just to express that we need the waiter. In Britain, sorry doesn’t always mean ____46____ (exact) what you think.

培优第三阶——高考沙场点兵

阅读理解

（2022·安徽安庆·二模）Getting computers to understand human body language is no simple task. Let’s break down the steps to get a good understanding of what your body language is saying.

First, the computer needs to see. So, it needs a camera. But a computer doesn’t see like we do, and it only gets a stream of data from the camera. So, software first has to recognize the shape of a human body, and then map out the key points of our body. Some poor souls have to teach a computer what all of our different body parts look like in lots of different lighting conditions, and lots of different body types.

But understanding that an image contains an elbow, a knee, or a face doesn’t do much good. So, now the computer is paying close attention to our faces and our hands. Classifying emotions as body language and facial expressions is literally in our genes, so it comes pretty easily.

But computers need to see a ton of examples of any given kind of body language, then to be told what that body language is or means, and then they can, over time, and with more and more examples, identify that same or similar stance with that emotion.

If I’m a self-driving car approaching a crosswalk and I see an upheld hand in front of me, I can infer the human wants me to stop as they intend to cross the street. If I instead see that same human using the “move along” gesture, that’s a strong indication that they would prefer me to continue on my journey instead of waiting. A car has just read your body language.

9．What is the most important for computers to understand human body language?

A．A camera. B．A stream of data. C．Software. D．A lighting condition.

10．Why are emotions divided into body language and facial expressions?

A．To encourage people to know about genes. B．To make computers watch emotions closely.

C．To save the time of analysing a ton of data. D．To get computers to recognise them easily.

11．What does the underlined word “stance” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Attitude. B．Meaning. C．Behavior. D．Expression.

12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．How Computers Read Body Language B．When Self-driving Cars Will Be Born

C．Why Emotions Are of Importance D．What the Unknown Future Holds

七选五

（2022·河北·模拟预测）Make sure to avoid the following common body-language errors, if you want to make a good impression on your conversational partner.

Continuous nodding

Nodding at all the right times and places during a conversation can show that you’re fully engaged. ____22____, it’ll make you appear that you’re hoping to hide the fact that you’re hardly-or not even-paying attention. Keep your head straight, your eyes forward, and only nod when appropriate.

Crossing your arms

There’s a reason why people don’t like it when their conversational partners cross their arms: It makes them appear unwilling to talk. In the animal kingdom, we keep our arms in front of us to protect ourselves from threats.____23____

Unsmiling

We’re not saying you should smile as if the person you’re speaking with keeps making jokes.____24____. Smiles are also infectious, so if you start smiling, your partner will be more likely to smile too.

____25____

Keeping your eyes on your feet or the ground in front of you when speaking with another person can make you look a bit ashamed of yourself. This is definitely the impression you don’t want to make on your listeners, especially in formal settings where you’re being judged by everything you say and do, such as at a job interview. So try to keep your eyes focused on the person in front of you.

Being too close

All cultures are different in terms of proper social conduct. Depending on where you live, the distance between two people can be as close as 2 feet or as far as 5.____26____. Nobody likes having their personal space invaded, so try and respect his or her wishes by keeping an appropriate distance.

A．Looking downward

B．But if you nod too much

C．Irregular movement of the eyes

D．Keep smiling when the other people are talking

E．But in social life, try to keep our body as open as possible

F．However, you should try and keep a smile loaded up whenever needed

G．Whichever it is, give your conversational partner room to breathe freely