初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级上册Section B精品课后练习题

这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级上册Section B精品课后练习题，文件包含培优分级练人教版英语八年级上册Unit1WheredidyougoonvacationSectionB同步分级练解析版docx、培优分级练人教版英语八年级上册Unit1WheredidyougoonvacationSectionB同步分级练原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation？
Section B
课下注释小练


单词检测
1. _____________ adj. 有乐趣的；令人愉快的 2. _____________ n. 活动
3. ____________ v. 决定；选定 4. ____________ v. & n. 尝试；设法；努力
5. _____________ n. 鸟 5. _____________ n. 自行车；脚踏车
7. _____________ n. 建筑物；房子 8. _____________ n. 商人
9. _____________ v. 想知道；琢磨 10. ____________ n. 差别；差异
11. ___________ n. 顶部；表面 12. ___________ v. 等待；等候
13. ___________ n. 伞；雨伞 14. ___________ adj. 湿的；潮湿的；下雨的
15. ____________ prep. & adv. 在……下面；到……下面
16. ____________ adj. & adv. 足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）
17. ____________ adj. 饥饿的
18. _________ adv. 像……一样；如同；conj. 当……时
19. ____________ n. 小山；山丘
20. ____________ n. 鸭
21. ____________ v. & n. 不喜爱（的事物）；厌恶（的事物）
短语自测
1. ___________________________ 给……的感觉；感受到
2. ___________________________ 因为
3. ___________________________ 在过去
4. ___________________________ 乘火车
5. ___________________________ 到达
6.____________________________决定做某事
7.____________________________做一个决定
8.___________________________ 尽力做某事
9.________________________ 等待
10.________________________ 足够的钱
11._________________________ 另外两个小时
12.___________________________ 与…相同
重点句子
1. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 天气晴朗炎热，因此我们决定到我们旅馆附近的沙滩去。
2. I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉自己就像是一只鸟儿。
3. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样子的。
4. What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大啊！
5. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的双腿很累，我想停下来。
答案自查

单词:1. enjoyable 2. activity 3. decide 4. try 5. bird 6. bicycle 7. building 8. trader 9. wonder 10. difference 11. top 12. wait 13. umbrella 14. wet 15. below 16. Enough
33. hungry 34. as 35. hill 36. duck 37. Dislike
短语归纳：
1. go on vacation 2. stay at home 3. go to summer camp 4. quite a few
5. of course 6. most of the time 7. have a good time 8. keep a diary
9. feel like 10. because of 11. in the past 12. take the train
13. get to 14. decide to do sth. 15. make a decision 16. try to do sth
17 wait for 18. enough money 19. another two hours 20.the same as
课后培优练级练

培优第一阶——基础过关练
一、根据汉语提示及首字母提示填写单词
1．Always remember to bring an ________ （雨伞）with you in England in December because it often rains a lot.
2．Don’t worry about me, I am old ________ (足够) to take good care of myself.
3．I’d like some cakes because I’m very ________ (饥饿).
4．Tina looks the same as twin sister Tara, but they have many ________ (不同) .
5．I ________ (想知道) where Tom comes from.
6．The food tasted great because I was so h________!
7．This term is so busy for me, because I took part in so many a____.
8．The man wants n________ but food, but when he has it he wants everything.
9．We all have our own likes and d________ when it comes to food.
10．When you meet _______ /ˈsʌmwʌn/ for the first time, you must say Mr or Mrs.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
11．I tried ______(skate)all by myself yesterday.It   was exciting.
12．Can you see the bird_____(fly)in the sky?
13．It's great to be here with these people and do what we feel like     _____(do)．
14．Han Mei decides _____(tell)the story to her teacher.
15．Linda forgot _____(bring)her keys this afternoon.
16．How many _____(duck)are there on Uncle Wang's farm?
17．The weather in Heilongjiang is kind of _____(difference)from that in Hubei.
18．What do you think of these after­school _____(activity)?
19．His brother wants to be a ____(trade)after he leaves school.
20．I am sure Mr.Zhou lives in this tall ____(build)．
三、单项选择
21．—It’s kind ________ people in Jiangsu to help Shanghai to fight the virus in such a hard situation.
—Yes, they are always kind ________ everyone.
A．for, of B．of, to C．to, of D．to, to
22．All the students are ________ to queue for their turn when getting on the coach.
A．polite enough B．too polite C．politely enough D．too politely
23．She was ill last week. But she is ________ to go to school today.
A．well enough B．enough well C．good enough D．enough good
24．Dr. Ma was __________ to check the students’ spelling again and again.
A．enough patient B．too patient C．patient too D．patient enough
25．This piece of music has a lasting value though it was made up all ________ accident.
A．of B．on C．by D．to
26．—Did you go to Sanya on vacation last year?
—No, but I made a ________ to go there this winter vacation.
A．difference B．training C．decision D．relation
27．________ one of the people Wuxi, I’m proud ________ the great changes here.
A．For；to B．As；of C．With；for D．Of；at
28．—You look bored. Why not ________ football with me after school?
—I don’t feel like ________ football. I’m tired.
A．play; playing B．to play; playing C．play; to play D．playing; to play
29．—Does _______ else want to come?
—No, no one wants to come.
A．anyone B．someone C．anything D．something
30．I was hanging out in the street ________ the rainstorm came.
A．while B．when C．since D．as
四、完成句子
31．我们因为这场暴雨没去上学。
We didn’t go to school ________ ________ the heavy rain.
32．他们还没决定去哪里过暑假。
They haven’t ________ ________ ________ ________ their summer holiday.
33．我想知道你是否同意我的看法。
I _______ if you ______________ me.
34．他似乎有点担心明天的考试。(完成译句)
He ________ a little ________ about tomorrow’s exam.
35．汤姆年纪和我一样大。
Tom is ________ ________ age ________ me.
36．似乎全世界许多人都喝中国茶。
It ________ that many people _____________ drink Chinese tea.
37．梅西是一位优秀的运动员。我是他的超级粉丝。
Messi is an excellent player. I’m ________ ________ ________ _________ him.
38．他真好，（经常）帮助有需要的人。
________ kind ________ him to help people ________ ________.
39．蒋老师让我们在那边排队等。
Mrs. Jiang asked us to ________ ________ ________ ________ over there.
40．我认为我身体足够好了，今天可以去工作了。
I think I’m ________ ________ ________ go to work today.
参考答案：
1．umbrella
【解析】句意：在英国的十二月，要记得带把雨伞，因为经常下雨。umbrella“雨伞”，是名词，空前有an修饰，名词用单数形式，故填umbrella。
2．enough
【解析】句意：别担心我，我已经长大了，可以好好照顾自己了。enough“足够”，是副词，修饰形容词，故填enough。
3．hungry
【解析】句意：我想要一些蛋糕因为我很饿。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查形容词hungry“饥饿的”，作表语。故填hungry。
4．differences
【解析】句意：蒂娜看起来和双胞胎妹妹塔拉一样， 但她们有很多不同之处。根据汉语提示以及空格前的“many”可知，句中的“不同之处”，是可数名词，要用复数形式。“不同”对应的名词为difference，其复数形式为differences。故填differences。
5．wonder
【解析】句意：我想知道汤姆来自哪里。wonder“想知道，想弄明白”，通常接特殊疑问词或if/whether引导的宾语从句，故填wonder。
6．(h)ungry
【解析】句意：食物味道好极了，因为我太饿了！根据“The food tasted great”和首字母可知，觉得食物好吃是因为太饿了，hungry“饿的”，形容词，作表语。故填(h)ungry。
7．(a)ctivities
【解析】句意：这个学期对我来说很忙，因为我参加了很多活动。根据前句“This term is so busy for me,”和首字母提示可知，空处应是activity“活动”，可数名词，因之前有so many修饰，故名词应用复数形式activities。故填(a)ctivities。
8．(n)othing
【解析】句意：这个人除了食物什么都不想要，但一旦有了食物，他什么都想要。根据“but when he has it he wants everything.”和首字母提示可知，空格处表达“什么都不”，用“nothing”。故填(n)othing。
9．(d)islikes
【解析】句意：谈到食物，我们都有自己的好恶。and连接并列的词性，此处指“喜欢的事物和不喜欢的事物”，即“好恶”，英文表达为likes and dislikes。故填(d)islikes。
10．someone     
【解析】句意：当你第一次遇见某个人的时候，你必须说“先生或女士”。someone某人，是一个不定代词，常用于肯定句中。故填：someone。
11．skating
12．flying/fly
13．doing
14．to tell
15．to bring
16．ducks
17．different
18．activities
19．trader
20．building
【解析】
11．句意：昨天我一个人试着溜冰。很刺激。短语try doing sth.表示试着做某事；skate动词，意思是“滑冰”，根据句意，故答案为skating。
12．句意：你能看见鸟儿在空中飞翔吗？短语see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”；see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事了”这里两个都正确的。根据题意，故答案为flying/fly。
13．句意：很高兴能和这些人在一起，做我们想做的事。短语feel like doing sth.表示想做某事；根据题意，故答案为doing。
14．句意：韩梅决定把这个故事告诉她的老师。短语decide to do sth.表示“决定去做某事”，短语tell sb. the story表示“给某人讲故事”，根据句意，故答案为to tell。
15．句意：琳达今天下午忘记带钥匙了。短语forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”，bring动词，意思是“带来”，根据句意，故答案为to bring。
16．句意：王叔叔的农场有多少只鸭子？how many多少，提问可数名词的复数，how many ducks表示“多少鸭子”，根据句意，故答案为ducks。
17．句意：黑龙江的天气和湖北的有点不同。短语be different from…表示“与……不同”；根据题意，故答案为different。
18．句意：你觉得这些课外活动怎么样？these+名词复数；these after­-school activities这些课外活动；activity名词，意思是“活动”，这里用复数形式；根据句意，故答案为activities。
19．句意：他哥哥离开学校后想当一名商人。want to be+职业，表示想成为……；trader名词，意思是“商人”，根据句意，故答案为trader。
20．句意：我肯定周先生住在这幢高楼里。这里是住在这栋楼里。这里用build的名词，building意思是“建筑物”，故答案为building。
21．B【解析】句意：——在这种困难的情况下，江苏人民帮助上海抗击病毒，这是很善良的。——是的，他们总是对每个人都很善良。考查介词辨析。for为了；of……的；to对于。第一个空是固定句式：It is+形容词+of sb to do sth“某人做某事是……的”，这里的形容词是修饰人的品格或性格，kind“善良的”，是修饰人的品质的形容词，故第一空填of。be kind to sb“对某人善良”，固定搭配，故第二空填to，故选B。
22．A【解析】句意：所有的学生都有礼貌地在上车时排队等候轮到他们。考查形容词的用法和副词的用法。polite礼貌的，形容词；politely礼貌地，副词；enough足够；too太。be动词后加形容词作表语，排除CD；根据“to queue for their turn”可知学生有礼貌地排队，而“too..to”意为“太……而不能”，不符合语境，排除B。故选A。
23．A【解析】句意：上周她生病了。但是今天他足够好能去上学。考查形容词。well表示身体健康的；good表示人的品行好，或事物的质地好；根据“She was ill last week.”和“to go to school today”可知，此处表示可以去上学了，因此身体健康，用形容词well，排除CD两项。enough表示“足够的”，修饰形容词或副词时，位于形容词或副词的后面。故选A。
24．D【解析】句意：马博士很有耐心，一遍又一遍地检查学生的拼写。考查enough的用法。根据“…to check the students’ spelling again and again.”和语境可知，他足够耐心，patient“耐心的”，形容词，enough“足够”修饰形容词需后置，即patient enough；too patient to…表示“太耐心而不能……”，不符合逻辑。故选D。
25．C【解析】句意：这首音乐虽然纯属偶然，却具有持久的价值。考查介词辨析。of……的；on在……上面；by通过；to到。根据“though”可知，这首音乐是偶然被创作出来的，by accident“偶然地”，是固定搭配。故选C。
26．C【解析】句意：——去年你去三亚度假了吗？——不，但是我决定今年寒假去那里。 考查名词辨析。difference不同；training训练；decision决定；relation关系。根据“No”及“but I made a… to go there this winter vacation”可知，去年没去，今年决定去，故选C。
27．B【解析】句意：作为无锡人之一，我为这里的巨大变化感到骄傲。考查介词辨析。for为、给；to去、到；as作为；of……的；with和……一起；at在具体的时间或地点；根据“one of the people Wuxi”可知空格1指“作为无锡人之一”，用as；be proud of“为……感到自豪”。故选B。
28．A【解析】句意：——你看起来很无聊。为什么放学后不和我一起踢足球呢？——我不想踢足球。我累了。考查特殊疑问句和动名词作宾语。根据“Why not”可知，其后需用动词的原形play。根据“feel like”想要可知，其后需用动名词形式playing。故选A。
29．A【解析】句意：——还有其他人想来吗？——不，没有人想来。考查复合不定代词。anyone某人，任何人，常用于否定句和疑问句中；someone某人，常用于肯定句中；anything任何事，常用在否定句或疑问句中；something某些事，常用于肯定句中。根据“No, no one wants to come”可知上文应询问有没有人想来，排除C，且句子是一般疑问句，应用anyone。故选A。
30．B【解析】句意：暴风雨来临时，我正在街上闲逛。考查连词辨析。while当……时；when当……时；since自从；as因为。根据“I was hanging out in the street...the rainstorm came.”可知，当暴风雨来临时，正在街上闲逛，前句用长动作后句用短动作，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
31．     because     of
【解析】因为：because of，后加名词或动名词。故填because；of。
32．     decided     where     to     spend
【解析】 “决定”为decide；“去哪里度过”为where to spend，“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构；根据空前haven’t的提示可知，句子应是现在完成时的否定形式，构成形式为：haven’t/hasn’t done，decide的过去分词是decided。故填decided；where；to；spend。
33．     wonder     agree with
【解析】分析题目可知，此处是if引导宾语从句，根据语境可知，主句时态为一般现在时，从句表示一般事实，也使用一般现在时，I和you后都接动词原形，wonder表示“想知道”，agree with sb表示“同意某人的看法”。故填wonder；agree with。
34．     seems     worried
【解析】 “似乎”seem，后接形容词作表语，“担心”译为worried。根据“他似乎有点担心明天的考试。”可知用一般现在时表示现在的状态，He后用动词第三人称单数形式seems。故填seems；worried。
35．     the     same     as
【解析】the same“相同的”，作定语修饰age；as“和……一样”。故填the；same；as。
36．     seems     all over the world
【解析】seem“好像”；all over the world“全世界”；句子陈述客观的事实，用一般现在时；主语it是单数第三人称，谓语动词用单三形式。故填seems；all over the world。
37．     a     big     fan     of
【解析】这里是一个固定搭配，a big fan of...表示“……的超级粉丝”。故填a；big；fan；of。
38．     It’s     of     in     need
【解析】固定句式：It’s+形容词+of sb to do sth“某人做某事是……的”，这里的形容词是修饰人的品格或性格，kind“善良的”，是修饰人的品格的形容词；in need“迫切需要”，作后置定语修饰名词people。故填It’s；of；in；need。
39．     wait     in     a     line
【解析】分析可知，句中缺少“排队”意思，表示 “排队”的固定短语是“wait in a line”， 故填 wait； in ；a ；line。
40．     well     enough     to
【解析】足够：enough，是副词，修饰形容词或副词要后置，身体好：well，是形容词；well enough to do sth.“足够好去做某事”，故填well；enough；to。
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
五、完形填空
When you were young, who rode you around on the back of his bike? Who played football and flew kites with you in the park? Who held you ___41___ your first difficult math problem? Who taught you the difference between ___42___?
Your dad. Now it is your turn to do something for him. This Sunday. June 18 is ___43___ Day. So why not do something ___44___ to thank your dad?
The idea of Father’s Day came from a(n) ___45___ lady called Sonora Smart Dodd in 1909. She wanted a special day to honor (纪念) her father. He raised (抚养) six children by himself ___46___ his wife died during the birth of their ___47___ child. Dodd thought there needed to be a day to honor great and loving dads. Her father was born ___48___, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration on his birthday in 1910. In 1924, US president Calvin Coolidge ___49___ the idea of a national Father’s Day. Finally, in 1966, the third Sunday in June was made Father’s Day. There are many ways ______50______ your love and thanks.
Send ______51______ a greeting card. Usually fathers prefer cards that are not too emotional (易动感情的). So perhaps choose one that will make his ______52______.
A small present, such as a photo of your family, ______53______ make him feel like a king.
Send him ______54______: the red rose is the official Father’s Day flower.
If he has a ______55______, cover his desktop with words like “I love you, Dad.”
41．A．with . B．to C．for D．by
42．A．old and young B．big and small
C．right and wrong D．1ong and short
43．A．Mother’s B．Father’s C．Children’s . D．Women’s
44．A．easy B．special C．strange D．hard
45．A．British B．Japanese C．Chinese D．American
46．A．when B．until C．after D．before
47．A．third B．fourth C．fifth D．sixth
48．A．in May B．on May 19 C．on June 19 D．in July
49．A．liked B．disliked C．needed D．wanted
50．A．to take B．to bring C．to show D．to say
51．A．her B．you C．me D．him
52．A．cry B．jump C．shout D．1augh
53．A．should B．can C．must D．need
54．A．flowers B．books C．clothes D．shoes
55．A．watch B．computer C．car D．bike
六、阅读理解
A
What about my plans for the winter holiday? First, I will go to Shanghai with my sister Kate. Shanghai is my favorite city. There are many interesting places and we can also taste something delicious there. After coming back from Shanghai, I will spend some time reading books. I will visit my grandparents on the farm, too.
—Peter
I made some plans for my winter holiday. First, I will help more at home. My parents are always busy, so I’ll help them with the housework and let them have more time to relax. Second, I will practice the violin every day. Third, I think the holiday is a good time for me to do some sports, such as running and playing soccer. I am sure my winter holiday will be wonderful.
—Tom
After about four months’ study, the winter holiday is coming. Here are my plans. First, I will leave enough time for my new lessons. I will also read some great books. Second, I will go to Xi’an and stay there for two weeks. I think the trip will be wonderful. Then, I will come back and enjoy myself with my friends. We will play soccer or go shopping together.
—Amy
56．What will Peter do in Shanghai?
A．Play tennis. B．Go shopping. C．Read books. D．Taste something delicious.
57．How many plans did Tom make for his winter holidays?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five
58．Where do Peter’s grandparents live?
A．In Shanghai. B．In Xi’an. C．On the farm. D．In Peter’s house.
59．How long will Amy stay in Xi’an?
A．For one week. B．For two weeks. C．For one month. D．For two months.
60．Who will play soccer in the coming winter holiday?
A．Peter and Tom. B．Kate and Peter. C．Kate and Amy. D．Tom and Amy.
B
I hid the long black bag in the garage（车库）two days ago. Tonight, in the dark, I would finally take it away. If everything went OK, it would be done by morning. But I had to be sure no one, not even my wife, saw me.
It was more difficult to get away from the party than I expected. I said that the children were tired and needed to go to bed. It was partly true. But I wanted to leave early because I would finish my plan.
First I had to get the kids to sleep. That was not easy at any time and tonight it was even more difficult. The eldest one wanted to know why we left the party early. I told him 10: 30 p. m. was not early. As usual, I read them a bedtime story, but I read very slowly so that they would not know my secret.
I went out of the house and into the garage quietly. Taking one end, I pulled the bag out from its hiding place and took it into the garden. I was worried that my neighbours might see me and call the police.
It was already eleven o’clock. I started working, trying to make as little noise as possible. And that was not easy with a saw（锯子）and a hammer（锤子）.
After much hard work, I finally finished my work. I looked down at my watch. It was 4: 00 a. m. Then I went inside to have a shower and get a few hours of sleep. I was sure the kids would rush into my room and wake me up to tell me about the new tree house Father Christmas brought them this year.
61．Why did the man feel nervous?
A．Because he left the party too late.
B．Because he worried that others would know his secret.
C．Because he was afraid of the darkness.
D．Because he didn’t know where the black bag was.
62．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refers to .
A．the classmates B．the parents C．the children D．the neighbours
63．How long did it take the man to finish the hard work?
A．2 hours. B．3 hours. C．4 hours. D．5 hours.
64．In what order did the man do the following?
①Read the kids a story.
②Had a shower.
③Worked in the moonlight.
④Pulled the bag from the garage.
⑤ Went to a party.
A．⑤④①②③ B．⑤①④③② C．①②⑤④③ D．①⑤④③②
65．How would the children feel when they saw the man’s work?
A．Interested. B．Excited. C．Tired. D．Angry.
七、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Leisure activities (业余活动) are very important now. They are the kinds of things people like to do to relax
and enjoy ____66____ (they) when they are not working or going to school. Leisure activities play ____67____ important part in people’s lives. In the past, there ____68____ (be) few leisure activities. Children often got together to play hide-and-seek. People ____69____ (usual) played cards or chess in the street. Few people had chances to travel. Watching operas and listening ____70____ the radio were the main activities in their spare time. Since the reform and opening up (改革开放), China has developed rapidly. Chinese people spend more time on ____71____ (take) various kinds of leisure activities. A lot of people love both to play ____72____ to watch team sports like basketball or football because they are ____73____ (interest) in them. Many people stay at home, having a rest, reading ____74____ (book) and watching TV. Young people like to play games on computers or chat on the Internet. In recent years, more and more people love to travel during vacation. They go to visit some places of interest, and some people even have a tour abroad to see the world. Chinese people now have the time and chance to do ____75____ (many) kinds of leisure activities than before.
八、根据对话内容，从文后选出适当的选项补全对话。
A: Hi, Wang Jun, how was your Dragon Boat Festival?
B: Hello, Liu Ting. I had a great time in Sanya. ____76____
A: Not yet. But I plan to go there this summer vacation. ____77____
B: Of course. ____78____ I think it’s really beautiful. I fell in love with it when I first travelled there.
A: ____79____
B: If you go there, you can walk along the beaches. The weather in Sanya is very hot, so people like doing many water sports, such as swimming, surfing and boating.
A: Wahoo, I like all water sports. ____80____
B: One more thing, don’t forget to try different kinds of sweet fruit in Sanya.
A: Thank you very much.
B: You’re welcome.
A．What can I do there?
B．I can’t wait to go there.
C．Have you ever been to Sanya?
D．Can you tell me something about the place?
E．It is one of the most popular tourist cities in China.
参考答案
41．A
42．C
43．B
44．B
45．D
46．C
47．D
48．C
49．A
50．C
51．D
52．D
53．B
54．A
55．B
【解析】本文主要介绍了父亲节的由来以及父亲节如何表达对父亲的爱。
41．句意：谁帮助你解决了第一道数学题？with有；to到；for为了；by被，固定搭配help sb with sth“帮助某人做某事”，故选A。
42．句意：谁教你区分对错？old and young老小；big and small大小；right and wrong对错；long and short长短，根据“ Who held you…your first difficult math problem? Who taught you the difference between”可知，此处指谁教你区分对错，故选C。
43．句意：这周日，6月18日是父亲节。Mother’s母亲的；Father’s 父亲的；Children’s孩子的；Women’s女士的，根据“Your dad. Now it is your turn to do something for him”可知，六月十八日是父亲节，故选B。
44．句意：所以为什么不做些特殊的事情以感谢父亲呢？easy容易的；special特殊的；strange奇怪的；hard困难的，根据“thank your dad”可知，此处指做些特殊的事情感谢父亲，故选B。
45．句意：1909年，一位名叫Sonora Smart Dodd的美国女士提出了父亲节的想法。British英国的；Japanese日本的；Chinese中国的；American美国的，根据“In 1924, US president Calvin Coolidge”可知，此处指一位名叫Sonora Smart Dodd的美国女士，故选D。
46．句意：在他妻子生第六个孩子去世后，他独自抚养了六个孩子。when当……时；until直到；after在……之后；before在……之前，根据“He raised (抚养) six children by himself”可知，此处指妻子去世后，他独自抚养了六个孩子，故选C。
47．句意：在他妻子生第六个孩子去世后，他独自抚养了六个孩子。third第三；fourth第四；fifth第五；sixth第六，根据“He raised (抚养) six children by himself ”可知，此处指妻子生第六个孩子时，故选D。
48．句意：她的父亲出生于六月，因此她选择在1910年父亲生日那天举行第一次父亲节庆祝活动。in May在五月；on May 19在五月19日；on June 19在六月19日；in July在七月，根据“Finally, in 1966, the third Sunday in June was made Father’s Day”可知，她父亲的生日在六月，故选C。
49．句意：1924年，美国总统CalvinCoolidge喜欢全国父亲节的想法。
liked喜欢；disliked不喜欢；needed需要；wanted想要，根据“Finally, in 1966, the third Sunday in June was made Father’s Day”可知，此处指总统喜欢父亲节的想法，故选A。
50．句意：有很多方法可以表达你的爱和感谢。to take带走；to bring带来；to show表达；to say说，根据“your love and thanks”可知，此处指有方法表达爱和感谢，故选C。
51．句意：给他寄张贺卡。her她；you你；me我；him他，根据“Usually fathers prefer cards that are not too emotional”可知，此处指给父亲寄张贺卡，故选D。
52．句意：所以选择一个让他大笑的。cry哭；jump跳；shout大喊；laugh大笑，根据“Usually fathers prefer cards that are not too emotional”可知，此处指选一个让父亲大笑的贺卡，故选D。
53．句意：一个小礼物，比如一张你们的全家福照片，都能让他感觉像个国王。should应该；can能；must必须；need需要，根据“a photo of your family”和“make him feel like a king”可知，一张全家福能让他感觉像个国王，故选B。
54．句意：送他花。flowers花；books书；clothes衣服；shoes鞋，根据“the red rose is the official Father’s Day flower”可知，此处是送父亲花，故选A。
55．句意：如果他有一台电脑，让“我爱你，爸爸”的话覆盖在他的桌面。watch手表；computer电脑；car汽车；bike自行车，根据“cover his desktop with words like “I love you, Dad.”可知，此处指父亲如果有电脑，故选B。
56．D
57．B
58．C
59．B
60．D
【解析】本文主要讲述了三个人对于暑假的计划，分别要去哪里要做什么等。
56．细节理解题。根据文中“First, I will go to Shanghai with my sister Kate. Shanghai is my favorite city. There are many interesting places and we can also taste something delicious there.”可知，彼得将在上海尝尝美味的东西。故选D。
57．细节理解题。根据文中“First, I will help more at home. My parents are always busy, so I’ll help them with the housework and let them have more time to relax. Second, I will practice the violin every day. Third, I think the holiday is a good time for me to do some sports, such as running and playing soccer. I am sure my winter holiday will be wonderful.”可知，汤姆的寒假制定了三个计划：在家里帮父母做家务；练习小提琴；做一些运动，故选B。
58．细节理解题。根据文中“I will visit my grandparents on the farm, too.”可知，彼得的祖父母住在农场，故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据文中“Second, I will go to Xi’an and stay there for two weeks.”可知，艾米将在西安呆两周，故选B。
60．细节理解题。根据文中“Then, I will come back and enjoy myself with my friends. We will play soccer or go shopping together.”及“Third, I think the holiday is a good time for me to do some sports, such as running and playing soccer. I am sure my winter holiday will be wonderful.”可知，汤姆和艾米将会在到来的寒假踢足球，故选D。
61．B
62．C
63．D
64．B
65．B
【解析】本文主要介绍了作者为了给孩子们在圣诞节时创造圣诞老人送礼物的奇迹，在夜里秘密地工作的故事。
61．推理判断题。根据“but I read very slowly so that they would not know my secret”以及文章内容可知作者感到很紧张，因为他担心有人会发现他的秘密。故选B。
62．推理判断题。根据“First I had to get the kids to sleep... but I read very slowly so that they would not know my secret”可知作者想方设法让孩子们睡觉，所以作者给他们读故事很慢，这样孩子们就不会知道作者的秘密，故此处they指代“孩子们”。故选C。
63．细节理解题。根据“It was already eleven o’clock”以及“It was 4: 00 a. m”可知作者11点开始准备，4点准备好，一共5个小时。故选D。
64．细节理解题。根据“The eldest one wanted to know why we left the party early...As usual, I read them a bed time story...I pulled the bag out from its hiding place and took it into the garden...It was already eleven o’clock. I started working...After much hard work, I finally finished my work...Then I went inside to have a shower and get a few hours of sleep.” 可知作者先去了聚会，回来后给孩子们读故事，把袋子从车库拿出来，然后在月光下工作，工作后洗澡，正确顺序是⑤①④③②。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据“I was sure the kids would rush into my room and wake me up to tell me about the new tree house Father Christmas brought them this year.”可知作者确信孩子们会冲进房间，把作者叫醒，告诉作者圣诞老人今年给他们带来的新树屋，由此可知孩子们会非常兴奋。故选B。
66．themselves
67．an
68．were
69．usually
70．to
71．taking
72．and
73．interested
74．books
75．more
【解析】本文主要介绍了娱乐活动现在越来越重要，对人们的生活产生了重要的影响。过去人们没有什么娱乐活动，自从改革开放以来中国飞速发展，现在人们有时间也有机会进行各种娱乐活动了。
66．句意：它们是人们在不工作或者不上学时为了放松或者玩得高兴而喜欢做的事情。enjoy oneself表示“过得愉快”，主语是they，反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
67．句意：娱乐活动在人们的生活中扮演重要角色。play a part in表示“扮演角色”，此空为不定冠词，important以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。故填an。
68．句意：过去，很少有娱乐活动。此处是there be句型，根据时间状语in the past和activities复数形式可知，此空为were。故填were。
69．句意：人们通常在街上玩牌或者下棋。此空为副词修饰动词，usual的副词为usually“通常”。故填usually。
70．句意：看歌剧和听广播是他们空闲时间的主要活动。listen to 表示“听”。故填to。
71．句意：中国人花更多的时间在各种休闲活动上。spend…doing sth.“花费……做某事”。故填taking。
72．句意：很多人喜欢参加或观看像篮球或足球这样的团队运动。to play和to watch是并列的不定式，因此用并列连词and连接。故填and。
73．句意：因为他们对这些（运动）感兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。
74．句意：很多人待在家，休息，读书和看电视。read books表示“读书”，此处book用复数形式，表示多本书。故填books。
75．句意：与之前相比，现在中国人有时间和机会去进行更多种类的娱乐活动。根据“than”可知，此处是形容词比较级，many的比较级为more。故填more。
76．C
77．D
78．E
79．A
80．B
【解析】本文是一段对话，对话的主要内容是B向A介绍了自己暑假在三亚游玩的事，并为A提了一些旅游建议。
76．根据答语“Not yet. But I plan to go there this summer vacation.”可知，此处是问A是否去过三亚。选项C“你去过三亚吗？”符合情境。故选C。
77．根据下文“Of course.”可知，此处是想让B介绍一下三亚。选项D“你能告诉我一些关于这个地方的情况吗？”符合情境。故选D。
78．根据下文“I think it’s really beautiful. I fell in love with it when I first travelled there.”可知，此空是介绍三亚。选项E“它是中国最受欢迎的旅游城市之一。”符合情境。故选E。
79．根据答语“ If you go there, you can walk along the beaches.”可知，此空是问在三亚可以做什么。选项A“我在那里能做什么？”符合情境。故选A。
80．根据“Wahoo, I like all water sports.”可知，A很期待去三亚。选项B“我等不及要去那里了。”符合情境。故选B。
培优第三阶——中考沙场点兵
一、单项选择
1．（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）—I always feel ________ when speaking in front of others.
—Take it easy and be brave.
A．glad B．nervous C．proud D．relaxed
2．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）________ is our duty to make our country better and stronger.
A．It B．This C．That D．One
3．（2022·广西贺州·中考真题）We have to ________ the sports meeting because of the bad weather.
A．turn off B．put off C．take off D．get off
4．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Coffee or tea, Frank?
—Coffee, please. To get relaxed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee.
A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
5．（2022·安徽·中考真题）—I have ________ but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.
—Yes, they’re well worth praising.
A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something
二、完形填空
（2022·山东泰安·中考真题）

My husband and I recently went to an amusement park with our children and grandchildren. We had a wonderful time and made lots of ___6___ memories together. Unexpectedly. I came across（偶遇）a warm ___7___ as we made our way through the park.
Our four grandchildren were excited ___8___ the attraction（吸引人之处）where children could drive the cars. I sat outside and prepared to take photos of my family. As I waited for my family to drive by, I noticed a car with a father and his son ___9___ looked to be about 7 years old. They rolled down the hill at the beginning and suddenly the car ___10___. The son shouted. “I can’t do it.” His father ___11___ said, “Yes, you can.”
“No. I can’t!”
“Yes, you can, son.”
The little boy was almost in tears. “I CAN’T! “With deep patience, the father said. “Son, you can do this. Let me help you.” Then he taught the boy to push the gas pedal（踏板）and ___12___ the car. And a few minutes later, the two went smoothly on their way down the track（轨道）.
The scene brought ___13___ to my eyes. “Yes, you can”, the words whispered（悄声说）to my heart. Then every time things got ___14___ or when I had failures along the way, I would think of “Yes, you can.” That’s where the true strength（力量）comes in. Are you struggling（奋斗）with something today? You can ___15___ the words “Yes, you can.”
6．A．terrible B．sweet C．nervous
7．A．moment B．program C．promise
8．A．for B．about C．with
9．A．who B．which C．whom
10．A．left B．flew C．stopped
11．A．angrily B．quietly C．sadly
12．A．make B．wash C．drive
13．A．sand B．tears C．pictures
14．A．hard B．exciting C．comfortable
15．A．forget B．regret C．trust
三、语法填空
（2022·山东枣庄·中考真题）
阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。
Do you know Stonehenge? It’s one of Britain’s most famous historical ___16___ (place). Every year more than 750, 000 people ___17___ (visit) it. People like to go to this place as they want to see the sun ___18___ (rise) on the longest day of the year, especially ___19___ June.
Different people have different ideas about Stonehenge. Some historians believed Stonehenge was a temple,   ___20___ historian Paul Stoker thinks this can’t be true because Stonehenge was built many centuries ago. Other people believe the stones were used to keep people ___21___ (health). No one is sure ___22___ Stonehenge was used for, but most agree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose. People might build it ___23___ (respect) ancestors.
Stonehenge was built ___24___ (slow) over a long period of time. Most historians believe it must be almost 5,000 years old. The stones are so big and heavy ___25___ no one knows how it was built, but we do know the builders must have been hard-working and great planners.
四、补全对话
（2022·四川广安·中考真题）
根据下面的对话内容，从选项中选出最佳选项，使对话完整通顺，其中有一项为多余选项。
A: Hi, Tom! You look very happy today!
B: Oh, yes. Guess what? My best friend Ben is coming.
A: Really? ___26___
B: Tomorrow. I can’t wait to see him.
A: ___27___
B: He will stay with me for two weeks.
A: ___28___
B: He is really friendly. I’m sure you will like him when you see him.
A: What does he look like?
B: ___29___ He plays football well.
A: Could you introduce him to me?
B: ___30___
A．How long will he stay?
B．Of course.
C．How often does he visit you?
D．What is he like?
E．He is tall and strong.
F．When is he coming?
参考答案：
1．B
【解析】句意：——在其他人面前讲话的时候我总会感到紧张。——放轻松，勇敢一些。
考查形容词辨析。glad高兴的；nervous紧张的；proud自豪的；relaxed放松的。根据“Take it easy and be brave.”可知，应是感到紧张，所以才会安慰赌坊放轻松。故选B。
2．A
【解析】句意：让我们的国家变得更好、更强大是我们的责任。
考查it作形式主语。固定句型it’s+形容词/名词 (for sb.) to do sth.“做……对某人来说……”。“duty”是名词，“to make our country better and stronger.”是真正的主语，it的句中作形式主语。故选A。
3．B
【解析】句意：由于天气不好，我们不得不推迟运动会。
考查动词短语。turn off关闭；put off推迟；take off脱下；get off下车。根据“because of the bad weather.”可知，天气不好应是要推迟运动会。故选B。
4．A
【解析】句意：——咖啡还是茶，弗兰克？——请给我咖啡。要想放松，没有什么比一杯咖啡更好的了。考查复合不定代词辨析。nothing没有；anything任何东西；something某些东西；everything一切东西。根据“is better than a cup of coffee”可知，没有比一杯咖啡更好的了，形容词比较级+否定词表达最高级的含义；故选A。
5．B
【解析】句意：——我对警察只有赞扬，因为他们经常帮助人们摆脱困境。 ——是的，他们值得称赞。考查复合不定代词辨析。everything每件事；nothing无事；anything任何事；something某事。根据“I have...but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.”可知，对警察只有赞扬，没有其他，故选B。
6．B
7．A
8．B
9．A
10．C
11．B
12．C
13．B
14．A
15．C
【解析】本文主要讲述了作者和家人去游乐园玩耍时，看到了一位父亲跟儿子一起玩的场景。那位父亲对儿子说的“Yes, you can”深深地打动了作者。
6．句意：我们度过了一段美好的时光，创造了许多甜蜜的回忆。
terrible糟糕的；sweet甜蜜的；nervous紧张的。根据“We had a wonderful time and made lots of … memories together”可知，玩得很开心，留下了甜蜜的回忆，故选B。
7．句意：在我们穿过公园的路上，我遇到了一个温暖的时刻。
moment时刻；program程序；promise诺言。根据“I came across（偶遇）a warm”及下文的内可知，遇到了温暖的一刻，故选A。
8．句意：我们的四个孙子孙女都很兴奋，因为孩子们可以在这里开车。
for为了；about关于；with带有。be excited about“对……感到兴奋”，固定搭配，故选B。
9．句意：我注意到一辆车上有一位父亲和他的儿子，他的儿子看起来大约7岁。
who谁；which哪一个；whom谁。此处是定语从句，先行词son是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选A。
10．句意：他们从一开始就滚下山，突然汽车停了下来。
left离开；flew飞；stopped停止。根据“ suddenly the car”及“I can’t do it”可知，车突然停止了，故选C。
11．句意：爸爸平静地说，“你可以的”。
angrily生气地；quietly平静地；sadly难过地。根据“His father …said, “Yes, you can.””可知，爸爸在说鼓励的话，所以是平静地说，故选B。
12．句意：然后他教那个男孩踩油门开车。
make制造；wash清洗；drive驾驶。根据“push the gas pedal”可知，踩油门开车，故选C。
13．句意：这一幕使我热泪盈眶。
sand沙子；tears眼泪；pictures图片。根据“the words whispered（悄声说）to my heart”可知，这一幕和这一句话让作者热泪盈眶，故选B。
14．句意：每次遇到困难或者失败的时候。
hard困难的；exciting兴奋的；comfortable舒服的。根据“Then every time things got…or when I had failures along the way”可知，遇到困难的时候，故选A。
15．句意：你可以相信这句话：“是的，你可以。”
forget忘记；regret后悔；trust相信。根据“Then every time things got… or when I had failures along the way, I would think of “Yes, you can.” That’s where the true strength（力量）comes in”可知，这句话给了作者力量，所以作者认为在遇到困难的时候可以相信这句话，相信自己一定能行，故选C。
16．places
17．visit
18．rising
19．in
20．but
21．healthy
22．what
23．to respect
24．slowly
25．that
【解析】本文介绍了英国最著名的观光景点之一——巨石阵。
16．句意：它是英国最著名的历史名胜之一。固定句型one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“……中最……之一”，此处应用名词复数形式。故填places。
17．句意：每年有超过 750,000 人参观它。此处是在描述一个客观事实，需用一般现在时。主语“more than 750, 000 people”是复数，动词需用原形。故填visit。
18．句意：人们喜欢去这个地方，因为他们想在一年中最长的一天看到太阳升起，尤其是在六月。根据“see the sun...”可知，此处是指看到太阳在升起。固定短语see sth./sb. doing sth.“看到……正在做某事”。故填rising。
19．句意：人们喜欢去这个地方，因为他们想在一年中最长的一天看到太阳升起，尤其是在六月。空后“June”是具体的月份，用介词in。故填in。
20．句意：一些历史学家认为巨石阵是一座寺庙，但历史学家保罗斯托克认为这不可能是真的。空后前后句意转折，用连词but“但是”连接。故填but。
21．句意：其他人认为这些石头是用来保持人们健康的。固定短语keep sb. adj.“让某人保持某种状态”。health的形容词形式为healthy“健康的”。故填healthy。
22．句意：没有人知道巨石阵是用来做什么的，但大多数人都同意，巨石阵的位置肯定有特殊用途。根据“No one is sure...Stonehenge was used for,”可知，此处是宾语从句，表示“巨石阵是用来做什么的”，用what作引导词。故填what。
23．句意：人们可能会为了尊重祖先而建造它。分析句子可知，此处使用动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。故填to respect。
24．句意：巨石阵是在很长一段时间内慢慢建成的。空处应填副词slowly“缓慢地”，修饰前面的动词“built”。故填slowly。
25．句意：这些石头又大又重，没有人知道它是如何建造的，但我们知道建造者一定是勤奋的和伟大的规划者。根据“The stones are so big and heavy...no one knows how it was built,”可知，此处是指石头又大又重，以至于没人知道它是如何被建造的。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
26．F
27．A
28．D
29．E
30．B
【解析】本文主要讨论了Tom的朋友Ben要来，并讨论了Ben的一些情况。
26．
根据“Tomorrow. I can’t wait to see him.”可知上文询问Ben什么时候来，选项F“他什么时候会来”符合语境。故选F。
27．
根据“He will stay with me for two weeks.”可知上文询问Ben要待多长时间，选项A“他会待多久”符合语境。故选A。
28．
根据“He is really friendly”可知上文询问Ben的性格特征，选项D“他是什么样的人”符合语境。故选D。
29．
根据“What does he look like?”可知下文回答Ben的外貌，选项E“他又高又壮”符合语境。故选E。
30．
根据“Could you introduce him to me?”可知此处回答可以或者不可以，选项B“当然可以”符合语境。故选B。