英语八年级上册Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.Section B精品同步练习题

这是一份英语八年级上册Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.Section B精品同步练习题，文件包含培优分级练人教版英语八年级上册Unit6SectionB同步分级练解析版docx、培优分级练人教版英语八年级上册Unit6SectionB同步分级练原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science. SectionB
课下注释小练


单词检测
_________________n.队；组
________________ n. 意义；意思
________________adj.外国的
________________v.改进；改善
________________ adj.能够
________________ adj.身体的
_________________ n.承诺；诺言 v.许诺；承诺
_________________pron.他（她、它）们自己
_________________ n.开头；开端
_________________ n.业余爱好
__________________用颜料画；在······上刷油漆
_________________v.讨论；商量
_________________ adj.&adv.每周的（地）
_______________ adj.& pron.自己的；本人的
________________ n.学校作业；功课
_______________ adj.个人的；私人的
________________v.表示疑问；怀疑；提问；质询
________________n.关系；联系
短语自测
________________能够 _________________ 外语
________________关于；与······有关系 __________________ 听起来像
________________太······而不能······ ___________________不同种类的
________________在······开始 __________________下决心
_________________取得好成绩 __________________由于这个原因
_________________写下；记录下 ___________________.向某人许下诺言
_________________ 作出承诺 ___________________来年
_____________(尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做 ___________________一个周计划
___________________ 新年计划 ___________________ 忘记；忘掉
____________________成为足球队的一员 ____________________······的意思
重点句子
1. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year,we hope that we are going to improve our lives.当我们在年初作出决定时，我们希望我们会改善我们的生活。
2.For this reason,some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! 因为这个原因，一些人说最好的决心就是没有决心！
答案自查

单词：
team n.队；组 meaning n. 意义；意思
foreign adj.外国的 improve v.改进；改善
able adj.能够 physical adj.身体的
promise n.承诺；诺言 v.许诺；承诺 themselves pron.他（她、它）们自己
beginning n.开头；开端 hobby n.业余爱好
paint .用颜料画；在······上刷油漆 discuss v.讨论；商量
weekly adj.&adv.每周的（地） own adj.& pron.自己的；本人的
schoolwork n.学校作业；功课 personal adj.个人的；私人的
question v.表示疑问；怀疑；提问；质询 relationship n.关系；联系
短语：
be able to 能够 foreign language 外语
have to do with关于；与······有关系 sound like 听起来像
too...to...太······而不能······ different kinds of 不同种类的
at the beginning of 在······开始 make resolutions 下决心
get good grades 取得好成绩 for this reason 由于这个原因
write down 写下；记录下 make promises to sb.向某人许下诺言
make promises 作出承诺 the coming year 来年
take up(尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做 a weekly plan一个周计划
New Year's Resolutions 新年计划 forget about 忘记；忘掉
make the soccer team成为足球队的一员 the meaning of······的意思
课后培优练级练

培优第一阶——基础过关练
一、单词填空
1．— Which t__________ do you like best in the NBA?
— Lakers.
2．Now more and more f________ people are interested in Chinese culture.
3．My parents p________ to buy me a new bicycle yesterday.
4．The Chinese people are keeping i________ their own lives.
5．Now let’s d________ what to do next. We need to make a plan.
6．Eating more fruits and vegetables is good for p________ health.
7．On Fridays, we have a _____________ (每周的) test.
8．Remember to ________ (写下) your teacher’s advice.
9．I like playing basketball a lot. It’s my ________.
10．Some resolutions we make are about ________ [ˈfɪzɪkl] health and some are about self-improvement.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
11．I try to rebuild my ________ (relation) with my best friend after a big fight.
12．Did they enjoy ________ (they) in the party yesterday?
13．The word “film” has the same ________ (mean) as the word “movie”.
14．My cousin works at a ________ (week) newspaper.
15．From ________ (begin) to end, he said nothing all the time.
16．We need a further ________ (discuss) to decide whether to buy a new computer.
17．One of his favorite ______________ (hobby) is swimming.
18．I am looking forward to _________ (improve) our relationship.
19．It’s time for class. What about ________ (begin) our class?
20．Lu Xun dropped medicine and ________   ________ literature in 1906. (took up)
三、单项选择
21．—Do you think I should apologize to him？
—No, I ________ you. It’s not your fault.
A．agree with B．don’t agree with C．am proud of D．am afraid of
22．Tom and Jenny enjoyed ________ playing cards in the park.
A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves
23．—________ do you have?
—I like painting and dancing.
A．What club B．What hobby C．What language D．What color
24．After studying in a medical school for five years, Jane ________ her job as a nurse in the countryside.
A．made up B．took up C．picked up D．sent up
25．It’s not enough to just listen to the teacher carefully in class. You should ______ something important.
A．make up B．take up C．write down D．cut down
26．I have problems with my friend. Can you help me _______ our relationships?
A．expect B．lose C．improve D．question
27．I don’t know your e-mail address. Could you please ________ here?
A．write it down B．write down it C．write them down
28．—If you really want me to help you, you have to tell me the ________.
—OK! I had a fight with my parents last night.
A．illness B．truth C．question D．pressure
29．– Yuan Longping ________ people’s food supply (粮食供应) around the world during his life.
—Yeah. He is regarded as the “Father of Hyrid Rice” (杂交水稻之父).
A．took in B．depended on C．cared for D．agree with
30．—What are you going to do this summer vacation?
—I’m going to ________ a hobby.
A．take up B．take off C．take out D．take down
四、完成句子
31．我爸爸的决心是改善他的身体健康状况。
My father’s resolution is to ________ his ________ ________.
32．我认为他能够坚持努力学习。
I think he will ________ ________ ________ keep on studying hard.
33．今年年初，他家搬到了北京。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, his family moved to Beijing.
34．如果你对别人许诺，你就必须遵守诺言。
If you ________ ________ ________, you have to keep them.
35．对于即将到来的新年， 学生们有不同种类的决心。
The students have ________ ________ ________ resolutions for the coming new year.
五、选词填空
根据语境及句意，从方框中选择的短语完成下列各句(其中有一个为多余选项）。
such as             at least             came out             agree with          in the end        try your best   
36．__________, she talked to her parents and they were really understanding.
37．Make sure you _________ and you can be anything you want.
38．This cartoon _________ in New York on November 18th, 1928.
39．What side do you __________?
40．He uses the Internet __________ three or four times a week.
参考答案：
1．(t)eam【详解】句意：——在NBA中你最喜欢哪一个队？——湖人队。根据“Lakers.”及首字母提示壳子，此处问的是喜欢哪支队，team“团队”，故填(t)eam。
2．(f)oreign【详解】句意：现在越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣。根据“are interested in Chinese culture”可推知，此处指外国人对中国文化感兴趣；结合首字母提示，应填foreign“外国的”，形容词作定语。故填(f)oreign。
3．(p)romised【详解】句意：我父母昨天答应给我买一辆新自行车。根据“to buy me a new bicycle tomorrow”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是promise“承诺”，结合“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(p)romised。
4．(i)mproving【详解】句意：中国人民正在不断改善他们自己的生活。their own lives“他们自己的生活”放在动词keep的后面，又因为keep doing的意思是“保持，一直不间断地做某事”。可以推测本句的句意为：中国人民正在不断改善他们自己的生活。表达“改善”用单词improve。故填(i)mproving。
5．(d)iscuss【详解】句意：现在让我们讨论一下下一步该做什么。我们需要制定一个计划。根据“We need to make a plan.”可推知，此处指讨论接下来要做什么；结合首字母可知，应填discuss“讨论”；再根据let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”可知，此处要用动词原形。故填(d)iscuss。
6．(p)ersonal【详解】句意：多吃水果和蔬菜对个人健康有益。根据“Eating more fruits and vegetables is good for ... health.”可知，此处指吃水果和蔬菜对个人健康有好处；结合首字母提示可知，应填personal“个人的”，形容词作定语。故填(p)ersonal。
7．weekly【详解】句意：星期五，我们每周进行一次测试。根据空格后的名词“test”需用形容词来修饰可知，空格处填形容词。“每周的”对应的英文为weekly，形容词。故填weekly。
8．write down【详解】句意：记得记下你老师的建议。write down“写下”，remember to do sth“记得做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填write down。
9．hobby【详解】句意：我非常喜欢打篮球，它是我的业余爱好。hobby “业余爱好”，根据“It’s”可知是单数，根据句意故填 hobby。
10．physical【详解】句意：我们做出的一些决定是关于身体健康的，一些是关于自我完善的。根据所给音标可知，空缺处用形容词physical“身体的”，故填physical。
11．relationship【详解】句意：大吵一架后，我尝试和我最好的朋友重建关系。“my”我的，形容词性物主代词，后面加名词，根据括号中的“ralation”提示，空白处应填“关系”，relation表示事物之间更为正式的关系和关联，如外交关系等，而表示人与人之间的人际关系（如友情关系）时，则通常要用relationship，故填relationship。
12．themselves【详解】句意：他们昨天在晚会上玩得开心吗？enjoy oneself“玩得很开心”，固定短语，they “他（她、它）们”，主格，对应的反身代词是themselves“他（她、它）们自己”。故填themselves。
13．meaning【详解】句意：“电影”一词与“电影”一词词义相同。根据“has the same … as”可知，两个单词的词义相同，meaning“意思”，名词。故填meaning。
14．weekly【详解】句意：我表弟在一家周报工作。weekly“每周的”，形容词，weekly newspaper“周报”。故填weekly。
15．beginning【详解】句意：从头到尾，他什么也没说。根据“from … to end”可知，空格处为名词beginning“开始”，from beginning to end表示“从头到尾”。故填beginning。
16．discussion【详解】句意：我们需要进一步讨论，以决定是否买一台新电脑。根据“a further”可知空格处用名词单数，discuss讨论，动词，其名词形式是discussion。故填discussion。
17．hobbies【详解】句意：他最喜欢的爱好之一是游泳。One of…意思是“……之一”，后跟可数名词复数形式，故答案为hobbies。
18．improving【详解】句意：我期盼着改善我们的关系。表达“期盼做某事”用动词短语“look forward to doing”。表达“改善，改进”用动名词“improving”作宾语。故填improving。
19．beginning【详解】句意：上课时间到了。我们开始上课怎么样？what about doing sth.“做某事怎么样”，动名词作宾语。故填beginning。
20．     took     up【详解】句意：鲁迅在1906年弃医从文。根据提示词可知，此空应填“take up”表示“开始从事”，根据“dropped”，可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填took；up。
21．B【详解】句意：——你认为我应该向他道歉吗？——不，我不同意你的看法。那不是你的错。
考查形容词短语。agree with同意；don’t agree with不同意；am proud of以……为傲；am afraid of害怕。根据“Do you think I should apologize to him”及“It’s not your fault.”可知，不同意对方应该道歉的想法，故选B。
22．D【详解】句意：汤姆和珍妮在公园里打牌玩得很开心。
考查反身代词。himself他自己；herself她自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“Tom and Jenny”可知，此处应填反身代词themselves，故选D。
23．B【详解】句意：——你有什么爱好？——我喜欢绘画和跳舞。
考查疑问词。What club什么俱乐部；What hobby什么爱好；What language什么语言；What color什么颜色。根据“I like painting and dancing.”可知问对方有什么爱好，故选B。
24．B【详解】句意：在一所医学院学习了五年后，简开始在农村当护士。
考查动词短语辨析。made up编造；took up开始从事；picked up捡起；sent up发射。根据“her job as a nurse in the countryside.”可知是从事护士的工作，故选B。
25．C【详解】句意：课堂上只认真听老师讲是不够的。 你应该写下一些重要的东西。
考查动词短语辨析。make up编造；take up占据；write down写下；cut down砍倒。根据“It’s not enough to just listen to the teacher carefully in class. You should...something important”可知在课堂上不仅要认真听，而且也要写下重要的东西。故选C。
26．C【详解】句意：我和我的朋友有问题。你能帮我改善我们的关系吗？
考查动词辨析。expect期望；lose丢失；improve改善；question提出问题。根据“I have problems with my friend.”可知，此处指朋友之间出了问题，应是改善关系。故选C。

27．A【详解】句意：我不知道你的电子邮件地址。你能把它写在这里吗？
考查动词短语。write down为动副结构，其宾语是代词时，代词应置于动词和副词之间，B选项可排除。此处的代词指代的是上文提到的“e-mail address”，故应用代词it。故选A。
28．B【详解】句意：——如果你真的想我帮你的话，你必须告诉我事实。——好的。我昨晚和我父母打架了。
考查名词。illness疾病；truth事实；question问题；pressure压力。根据“I had a fight with my parents last night.”可知，此处应用truth，表示“告诉我事实”。故选B。
29．C【详解】句意：——袁隆平一生都在关心世界各地人民的粮食供应。——是的。他被认为是“杂交水稻之父”。
考查动词短语。took in吸入；depended on依赖；cared for关心；agree with同意。根据“people’s food supply…”可知，此处是说关心粮食供应。故选C。
30．A【详解】句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——我打算培养一个爱好。
考查动词短语辨析。take up开始从事；take off脱掉，起飞；take out拿出；take down记下。根据空后“a hobby”可知，此处指开始培养一个爱好。故选A。
31．     improve     healthy     condition【详解】根据句意可知，“改善”为“improve”，“健康的”为“healthy”，“状况”为“condition”，to do在句中作表语。故填improve；healthy；condition。
32．     be     able     to【详解】be able to do sth.“能够做某事”，助动词will后面跟动词原形。故填be；able；to。
33．     At     the     beginning     of     this     year【详解】根据中英对比可知，空格处表示“今年年初”，at the beginning of“在……之初”，大写句首字母，this year“今年”。故填At；the；beginning；of；this；year。
34．     promise     to     others【详解】空格处应表示“对别人许诺”，promise to sb“向某人许诺”，others泛指“别人”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为you，动词用原形。故填promise；to；others。
35．     different     kinds     of【详解】different kinds of“不同种类的”，故填different；kinds；of。
36．In the end    37．try your best    38．came out    39．agree with    40．at least
【分析】36．句意：最后，她和父母谈了谈，他们真的很理解她。此空位于句首，且空格后有逗号隔开，此空应填一个副词或介词短语，备选词in the end“最终”符合，故填In the end。
37．句意：确保你尽了最大的努力，你可以成为任何你想要的人。根据“Make sure you… and you can be anything you want”及备选词可知，确保尽最大的努力才可以成为自己想要的人，try your best“尽你最大的努力”，句子是一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，动词用原形，故填try your best。
38．句意：这幅漫画1928年11月18日在纽约出版。根据“This cartoon… in New York on November 18th,1928”及备选词可知，此处介绍漫画的出版时间，came out“出版”，故填came out。
39．句意：你同意哪一方？根据“What side do you”及备选词可知，询问对方同意哪一方的观点，agree with“同意”，助动词do后面的动词用原形，故填agree with。
40．句意：他每周至少上网三、四次。根据“three or four times a week”可知，此处介绍使用电脑的频率，at least“至少”，故填at least。

培优第二阶——拓展培优练
六、完形填空
I'm sixteen now and I'm studying in a high school. Let me tell you my colorful plans about my ___41___.
I'm going to finish high school ___42___ two years, and then I'm going in ___43___ for four years. I'm going to study ___44___ because after college I'm going to work ___45___ a language teacher. While at college, I'm also going to take a computer course ___46___ I'm going to use the computer in my___47___. Also, I'm going to play ___48___ to keep healthy at college.
I really enjoy traveling. So before going to work, I'm going to travel. To ___49___ the money to travel, I'm going to save money for six ___50___.I'm going to start my travel ___51___ Egypt. I'm going to see the pyramids and ___52___ a camel (a kind of animal living in deserts). Of course, I'm going to ___53___ a lot of photos on my trip so that I can remember it.
I'm going to work hard on my studies and my job. I'm not going to get married ___54___ I'm a little older.
I will write a letter to ___55___ and read it 20 years later. Then I can know if my dream comes true.
41．A．future B．study C．dream D．relationship
42．A．before B．after C．in D．at
43．A．parties B．college C．work D．town
44．A．medicine B．math C．cook D．language
45．A．for B．with C．by D．as
46．A．but B．so C．and D．because
47．A．schoolwork B．work C．article D．hobby
48．A．sports B．the violin C．games D．cards
49．A．get B．spend C．take D．borrow
50．A．seconds B．at C．months D．years
51．A．on B．to C．with D．at
52．A．ride B．buy C．make D．sell
53．A．paint B．take C．see D．show
54．A．if B．because C．between D．until
55．A．yourself B．herself C．myself D．itself
七、阅读理解
A
New Year is coming. Do you have any plans for the coming year? Let’s look at the following kids’ New Year’s plans.
Joe
Many classmates call me “Fat Joe”, so I think I really need to lose weight next year. I must eat less pizza with cheese, though it is difficult for me to do so.
Silly
I want to take Chinese lessons next year, because I’m very interested in Chinese culture, history and food.
Tony
I’ll follow the doctor’s advice: eat more fruit and vegetables, and say goodbye to my favorite French fries and hamburgers. I believe I’ll be healthier.
Alice
I’m Canadian. I want to take a trip to Japan for my winter holiday. I’d like to eat sushi (寿司) and noodles there.

56．Joe likes eating ________ very much.
A．fruit B．pizza C．French fries D．hamburgers
57．________ is interested in Chinese culture, history and food.
A．Alice B．Silly C．Joe D．Tony
58．Alice is going to take a trip to ________.．
A．China B．Canada C．Japan D．Australia
59．________ have health problems.
A．Joe and Silly B．Silly and Tony
C．Tony and Alice D．Joe and Tony
60．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Joe is happy to get the name “Fat Joe”.
B．Silly is tired of the Chinese lessons now.
C．Tony will take his doctor’s advice on food.
D．Alice is interested in Japanese culture, history and food.
B
More and more people around the world are joining in dangerous sports. Some people climbed the highest mountains; some traveled into unknown parts of the world; some sailed small boats across the largest sea. Now some people begin to look for new excitement.
Bungee jumping (蹦极) and motorcycle racing (摩托车赛) are quite dangerous sports. Bungee jumping only lasts for a few minutes or even seconds. You jump from a high place, about 200 meters above the ground, and there is a rubber band (橡胶带子) tied to your legs. When you jump down, the rubber band pulls you up. About 2,000,000 people around the world have tried bungee jumping.
Why do people join in these dangerous sports? Some scientists say that it is because modern life has become safe and it is not interesting. In the past, people lived in danger. They had to go out and look for food, and life was like a fight but was interesting.
Many people think that there is little excitement in life. They live and work in safe places, buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
61．People like to join in dangerous sports because _______.
A．they have a lot of free time
B．they can go to the hospital if they are hurt
C．they need excitement
D．they don’t need to look for food
62．_______ is not a dangerous sport.
A．Climbing the highest mountains
B．Playing table tennis
C．Traveling into unknown parts of the world
D．Sailing small boats across the largest sea
63．In bungee jumping, you _______.
A．jump up as high as you can
B．jump down with a rubber band tied to your legs
C．jump down without a rubber band
D．jump to the ground
64．In the past, people lived in danger because _______.
A．the living condition (生存条件) was poor
B．there was no doctor or hospital
C．there were many dangerous animals
D．all of above
65．Which is NOT true?
A．Everyone’s life is interesting.
B．Many people live and work in safe places.
C．Many people buy food in shops.
D．People can go to see the doctors when they become ill.
八、短文填空
The resolution is a kind of p____66____. Most of the time, we make promises to others. But we call the promise that you make to y____67____ are the resolutions. The most common promise is New Year’s resolutions, because the b____68____ of the year is usually a time to make resolutions. Some people write d____69____ their resolutions and plan for the c____70____ year. This helps them to r____71____ their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their plans and wishes. Most students make their resolutions a____72____ studies for the new year. They want to get good g____73____. They say they are going to study hard. Some students want to i____74____ their health. They say that if they can keep healthy, they can learn all the subjects b_____75_____.
九、补全对话
根据对话内容，从选项中选用适当的句子完成对话。其中两项为多余选项。
A: Hey, Tony. You look so excited. What's up?
B: __76__ And we will be in the final (决赛).
A: You mean the school soccer games?
B: Yes. It was quite hard for us to beat Class Two.
A: Congratulations to you 'all!
B: __77__ But now I am a little nervous.
A: Take it easy. You should be confident and believe in your team.
B: But sometimes I feel that we don't work well enough as a team.
A: Teamwork is very important. __78__
B: Sounds good. I'll do it right away.
A: __79__
B: Next Tuesday.
A: __80__ I will be free then and I can watch the game.
B: See you then. Bye!
A: See you!
A．By the way, when is the final?
B．That would be nice!
C．We have just won a game!
D．Thanks, Cindy.
E．What about next Tuesday?
F．Maybe you can talk with your teammates about that.
G．What should I do?
参考答案
41．A    42．C    43．B    44．D    45．D    46．D    47．B    48．A    49．A    50．C    51．B    52．A    53．B    54．D    55．C
【分析】文章讲诉了作者16岁了，正在上高中，告诉了我们一些他的未来计划，两年后他要上大学，在大学他要做运动，来保持健康，在工作之前他要去旅游，要给自己写一封信，20年后读它，看看自己的梦想是否实现了。
41．句意：让我告诉你关于我未来的丰富的计划。A. future未来；B. study学习；C. dream梦；D. relationship关系；根据后文作者的各种计划，可知是关于未来的；故选A
42．句意：两年后我高中毕业。A. before 在---之前；B. after+时间段，通常用于过去时态；C. in+时间段，多久以后，通常用于将来时态；D. at在，指在几点钟；根据I'm sixteen now and I'm studying in a high school.可知2年后高中毕业；故选C
43．句意：然后我要上4年大学。A. parties聚会；B. college大学；C. work工作；D. town城镇；根据I'm going to study 　　4　　 because after college I'm going to work可知是大学；故选B
44．句意：我将要学语言。A. medicine药；B. math数学；C. cook做饭；D. language语言；根据because after college I'm going to work 　　5　　 a language teacher.可知是语言；故选D
45．句意：因为大学毕业后我要当一个语言老师。A. for 为了；B. with和，用；C. by通过，乘，在旁边；D. as作为；根据句意可知是作为语言老师；故选D
46．句意：因为我要在我的工作中使用电脑。根据I'm also going to take a computer course和I'm going to use the computer in my　　7　　之间是因果关系；故选D.
47．句意：因为我要在我的工作中使用电脑。A. schoolwork作业；B. work工作；C. article文章；D. hobby业余爱好；根据I'm also going to take a computer course可知在未来工作中会使用电脑；故选B
48．句意：在大学我要做运动来保持健康。A. sports运动；B. the violin 小提琴；C. games游戏；D. cards卡片；根据keep healthy at college可知是运动；故选A
49．句意：为了得到旅游的钱。A. get得到；B. spend花费；C. take带走；D. borrow借入；根据I'm going to save money for six 　　10　　.可知是得到；故选A
50．句意：我要省6个月的钱。A. seconds秒；B. at在；C. months月；D. years年；根据上班前去旅游，为了旅游省钱，可推测是省6个月的钱；故选C
51．句意：我要到埃及开始我的旅行。A. on在---上；B. to到；C. with用，和；D. at在，通常用于小地方；根据I'm going to see the pyramids and 　　12　　 a camel (a kind of animal living in deserts).可知是到埃及开始旅游；故选B
52．句意：我要看金字塔、骑骆驼。A. ride骑；B. buy买；C. make制造；D. sell卖；根据去旅游和a kind of animal living in deserts可知是骑；故选A
53．句意：我要在旅途拍许多照片，以便我能记住它。根据take photos拍照；根据 on my trip so that I can remember it.可知是拍照；故选B
54．句意：我要到更大一点再结婚。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. between在两者之间；D. until直到；根据not---until---直到----才----；故选D
55．句意：我要给我自己写一封信。A. yourself你自己；B. herself她自己；C. myself我自己；D. itself它自己；根据read it 20 years later. Then I can know if my dream comes true.可知是给自己写信；故选C
【点睛】根据前后文的语境，结合时态，语态，词性，短语，句型，词义辨析和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。例如：小题15     句意：我要给我自己写一封信。A. yourself你自己；B. herself她自己；C. myself我自己；D. itself它自己；根据read it 20 years later. Then I can know if my dream comes true.可知是给自己写信；故选C
56．B    57．B    58．C    59．D    60．C
【分析】文章主要讲述了四位同学的新年计划：Joe想减肥；Silly想上中文课；Tony遵循医生建议注意饮食；Alice想去日本。
56．推理判断题。根据表格中Joe的描述“I must eat less pizza with cheese though it is difficult for me to do so.”可知少吃带奶酪的披萨对Joe来说很难，由此推出他喜欢吃披萨，故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据表格中Silly的描述“I’m very interested in Chinese culture, history and food.”可知Silly对中国文化、历史和食物都很感兴趣，故选B。
58．细节理解题。根据表格中Alice的描述“I want to take a trip to Japan for my winter holiday.”可知Alice想去日本过寒假，故选C。
59．推理判断题。根据表格中Joe的描述“I must eat less pizza with cheese though it is difficult for me to do so.”以及Tony的描述“I’ll follow the doctor’s advice: eat more fruit and vegetables, and say goodbye to my favorite French fries and hamburgers”可知Joe需要控制食用带奶酪的披萨的量，而Tony需要听从医生的建议调整饮食，由此得知他们俩有健康问题，故选D。
60．判断推理题。根据文中Tony的描述“I’ll follow the doctor’s advice: eat more fruit and vegetables ,and say goodbye to my favorite French fries and hamburgers”可知Tony将听从医生的饮食建议，故判断C正确。故选C。

61．C    62．B    63．B    64．D    65．A
【分析】试题分析：这篇文章主要介绍的是越来越多的人们喜欢参加危险的运动项目的原因。
61．细节理解题。根据文章内容More and more people around the world are joining in dangerous sports. Some people climbed the highest mountains; some traveled into unknown parts of the world; some sailed small boats across the largest sea. Now some people begin to look for new excitement.可知因为他们想要寻求刺激，他们喜欢加入到危险的活动中。根据句意，故选C。
62．细节理解题。根据More and more people around the world are joining in dangerous sports. Some people climbed the highest mountains; some traveled into unknown parts of the world; some sailed small boats across the largest sea. Now some people begin to look for new excitement.可知只有B打乒乓球不是危险的运动项目。根据句意，故选B。
63．细节理解题。根据文章内容You jump from a high place, about 200 meters above the ground, and there is a rubber band (橡胶带子) tied to your legs.可知在蹦极中，用橡胶带绑着你的腿跳。根据句意，故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据In the past, people lived in danger. They had to go out and look for food, and life was like a fight but was interesting. Many people think that there is little excitement in life. They live and work in safe places, buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill.可知在过去，生活条件很糟糕，没有医生和医院，还有很多危险的动物。根据句意，故选D。
65．细节理解题。根据Many people think that there is little excitement in life. They live and work in safe places, buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill.可知许多人生活，工作在安全的地方，许多人在商店里买食物，当他们生病了，可以去看医生。这些都是真实的。根据句意，故选A。


66．(p)romise    67．(y)ourself    68．(b)eginning    69．(d)own    70．(c)oming    71．(r)ealize    72．(a)bout    73．(g)rades    74．(i)mprove    75．(b)est
【导语】本文介绍了什么是计划，最常见的是新年计划，文中介绍一些人的新年计划。
66．句意：计划是一种承诺。根据“we make promises to others.”和首字母p可知，此处表示是一种承诺，promise“承诺”，有a kind of修饰，用单数名词，故填(p)romise。
67．句意：但是我们把你对自己许下的承诺叫做计划。主语是you，对应的反身代词是yourself，故填(y)ourself。
68．句意：最常见的承诺是新年计划，因为新年伊始通常是制定计划的时候。根据“New Year’s resolutions”可知，新年是一年的开始，the beginning of“……的开始”，故填(b)eginning。
69．句意：有些人写下他们的新年决心和计划。write down“写下”，故填(d)own。
70．句意：有些人写下他们的新年决心和计划。the coming year“来年，新年”，故填(c)oming。
71．句意：这帮助他们实现他们的计划。realize their resolutions“实现他们的计划”，help sb to do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填(r)ealize。
72．句意：大多数学生制定新年学习计划。此处表示关于学习的计划，about“关于”，故填(a)bout。
73．句意：他们想要取得好成绩。根据“Most students make their resolutions a...studies for the new year. ”和首字母g可知，学生关于学习的计划，就是取得好成绩，grade“成绩”，不是一个分数，因此用复数名词，故填(g)rades。
74．句意：有些学生想要改善他们的健康。根据“They say that if they can keep healthy, they can learn all the subjects b...”可知，他们想要促进健康，improve health“改善健康”，want to do sth“想要做某事”，故填(i)mprove。
75．句意：他们说如果他们可以保持健康，他们能最好地学习所有的科目。根据“they can learn all the subjects”和首字母b可知，此处表示最好地学习所有的科目，best“最好的”，故填(b)est。
76．C    77．D    78．F    79．A    80．B
【分析】这是一组讨论足球比赛的对话。
76．根据ou look so excited. What’s up? 和And we will be in the final (决赛)以及选项，可知是我们赢了足球比赛；故选C。
77．根据Congratulations to you all!和选项，可知是说谢谢你，森碟；故选D。
78．根据Teamwork is very important.和Sounds good. I’ll do it right away以及选项，可知是说也许你可以和你的队友说说；故选F。
79．根据Next Tuesday和选项，可知问决赛是什么时候；故选A。
80．根据I will be free then and I can watch the game.和选项，可知说那一定很精彩；故选B。
培优第三阶——中考沙场点兵
一、完形填空
（2019·江苏南通·中考真题）
Thank you very much. Thank you!
Thank you for Principal Xu, all the teachers and most importantly, the class of 2019. If I can’t make my speech fantastic, I will at least try to make it short.
It’s been nearly 40 years since I became a member of the navy. You may be wondering how I have won so many honors as a commander-in-chief. In fact, it all began from the half a__21__basic training, which I will never forget, The training included midnight swims in the cold water, days without __22__and long painful runs in the soft sand, I always felt cold, wet, sleepy and painful.
The training also needed to find those who could__23__in an environment of stress, mess, failure and hardships. To me, the basic training was a lifetime of challenges that lasted six months. And today, I’d like to talk about one little thing, which I think is one of the most important points leading to great___24___.
Every morning in the training, my instructors(教官) would___25___in our rooms. The first thing they did was to____26____our beds. The corners would be square if we did it right. The covers would be pulled tight, and the pillow would be centered just under the headboard.
It was a(n) __27__task. But every morning we were required to make our beds__28__. It seemed a little funny, but the wisdom of this simple act has been proved to me many times over.
If you make your bed every morning, you will have completed the___29___task of the day. It will bring you a small sense of success, and it will___30___you to do another task, and another and another. And by the end of the day, one task completed will have___31___into many tasks completed. Making your bed will prove the fact. If you can’t do the little things right, you will___32___be able to do the big things right.
__33__the world can happen anywhere and anyone can do it. I can make sure that it doesn’t matter whether I ever__34__ a day in uniform. Even now, I still start my day with making the bed to perfection. So if you have an awful day by accident, you will come home to a bed that is made-that you made-and a made bed gives you encouragement that tomorrow will be better.
In general, if you want to change the world, __35__off by making your bed. I hope all of you will have a brighter future!
21．A．day’s B．week’s C．month’s D．year’s
22．A．water B．sleep C．food D．air
23．A．doubt B．lead C．separate D．hurry
24．A．success B．support C．pain D．pity
25．A．rest B．exercise C．appear D．relax
26．A．check B．clean C．mend D．make
27．A．exciting B．interesting C．simple D．difficult
28．A．softly B．messily C．slowly D．perfectly
29．A．first B．only C．same D．last
30．A．need B．warn C．invite D．encourage
31．A．thrown B．put C．turned D．divided
32．A．always B．hardly C．almost D．easily
33．A．Protecting B．Changing C．controlling D．Connecting
34．A．rose B．risked C．served D．celebrated
35．A．start B．run C．get D．take
二、短文填空
（2017·甘肃兰州·中考真题）closer   without   happen   farmer   greatly   comfort   as   make our
The development of technologies has___36___changed the life styles of the people all over the world. Radio, TV, computer, fax and satellites bring different countries and people___37___to each other. We can see nearly everything __38__thousands o miles away and communicate with people in different lands   __39__leaving home. We don’t have to shopping every day. Once a week we buy___40___household materials including meat, vegetables, etc, and store them in refrigerators. With the help of tiny scissors doctors can examine the child___41___is still in the womb(子宫) of his mother.____42____use newer technology both for agricultural activities as well as for their____43____. The need of oil technology, such____44____long pipelines (管线), electric power, good roads,airports, bring people from different lands to the Gulf(海湾) countries to __45__a living.
参考答案
21．D    22．C    23．B    24．A    25．C    26．A    27．D    28．D    29．A    30．D    31．C    32．B    33．B    34．C    35．A
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一个参加海军的毕业生回到母校给学生们做的演讲，希望他们有一个美好的未来。
21．句意：事实上，这一切都是从半年的基础训练开始的，我永远不会忘记。A. day’s一天的；B. week’s一周的；C. month’s一个月的；D. year’s一年的。根据下文To me, the basic training was a lifetime of challenges that lasted six months.可知，这里是半年的训练。故选D。
22．句意：训练内容包括午夜在冷水中游泳，白天没有食物，在柔软的沙滩上长时间的痛苦奔跑，我总是感到寒冷，潮湿，困倦和痛苦。A. water水；B. sleep睡觉；C. food食物；D. air空气。根据下文and long painful runs in the soft sand, I always felt cold, wet, sleepy and painful.可知这里是没有食物。根据题意，故选C。
23．句意：训练也需要找出那些能够在压力、混乱、失败和困难的环境中能领导的那些人。A. doubt       怀疑；B. lead       导致；引导；C. separate分开；D. hurry匆忙。根据下文an environment of stress, mess, failure and hardships.可知这里是引导。根据题意，故选B。
24．句意：今天，我想谈一件小事，我认为这是取得巨大成功的最重要的一点。A. success成功；B. support支持；C. pain疼痛；D. pity可怜。根据上文And today, I’d like to talk about one little thing, which I think is one of the most important points可知这里是成功。根据题意，故选A。
25．句意：每天早上训练时，我的教官都会出现在我们的房间里。A. rest休息；B. exercise锻炼；C. appear出现；D. relax放松。根据下文The first thing they did was to　　6　　our beds. The corners would be square if we did it right.可知上文是出现的意思。故选C。
26．句意：他们做的第一件事就是检查我们的床。如果我们做得对，被子的角将会是直角。A. check       核对；B. clean清扫；C. mend修理；D. make使，制作。根据下文The corners would be square if we did it right. The covers would be pulled tight, and the pillow would be centered just under the headboard.可知这里是说查房。故选A。
27．句意：这是一项艰巨的任务。但是每天早上我们都被要求把床做得很好。
A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. interesting有趣的；C. simple简单的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文But every morning we were required to make our beds　　8　　. It seemed a little funny, but the wisdom of this simple act has been proved to me many times over.可知上文是说这里是说困难的任务。根据题意，故选D。
28．句意：但是每天早上我们都被要求把床做得很好。A. softly柔软的；B. messily       乱糟糟地；C. slowly慢地；D. perfectly完美地。根据下文It seemed a little funny, but the wisdom of this simple act has been proved to me many times over.可知这里是完美地。根据句意，故选D。
29．句意：如果你每天早上整理床铺，你将完成一天中的第一项任务。A. first第一；B. only仅仅，只；C. same相同的；D. last最后的。根据下文If you make your bed every morning可知上文是说一天中的第一项任务。根据句意，
故选A。
30．句意：它会给你带来一种小小的成功感，它会鼓励你去完成另一项任务，一项又一项的任务。A. need需要；B. warn警告；C. invite邀请；D. encourage鼓励。根据下文do another task, and another and another.可知上文是说鼓励你去完成一项又一项的任务。根据句意，故选D。
31．句意：到一天结束时，一个已完成的任务将变成许多已完成的任务。A. thrown扔；B. put放；C. turned变得；D. divided分开。turn into…表示变成……。根据题意，故选C。
32．句意：如果你不能把小事做好，你就______可以把大事做好。A. always总是；B. hardly几乎不；C. almost几乎；D. easily容易地。根据上文If you can’t do the little things right,可知这里是几乎不。根据题意，故选B。
33．句意：改变世界可以发生在任何地方，任何人都可以做到。A. Protecting保护；B. Changing       改变；C. controlling控制；D. Connecting连接。根据下文can happen anywhere and anyone can do it. I can make sure that it doesn’t matter whether I ever　　14　　 a day in uniform.可知这里是改变世界。故选B。
34．句意：我能确定这和我是否还穿着制服服务一天没关系。A. rose升起；B. risked使…冒风险；C. served服务；接待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据下文a day in uniform.可知这里是服务。
故选C。
35．句意：一般来说，如果你想改变世界，就从整理床铺开始。A. start开始；B. run跑步；C. get得到；D. take带去。根据上文In general, if you want to change the world可知这里是从整理床铺开始。短语start off表示从……开始。故选A
【点睛】完形填空题与单项选择题不同，它给出的是一篇意思较为完整的短文。做该题型试题时，首先应跳过空格通读全文，以全文为背景，联系句子的上下文进行推理和判断，从4个选项中选出一项进行试填。考生可以从词义用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理和上下文的联系等方面去考虑。最后应再把全文通览一遍，细心检查所选答案能否使短文上下连贯，前后呼应，词句通顺，使短文意思完整。检查时还应从语法、惯用法、逻辑推理和事情发生的情节等方面进行考虑，以达到准确无误之目的。

36．greatly    37．closer    38．happening     39．without    40．our    41．who    42．Farmers    43．comfort    44．as     45．make
【分析】文章主要向我们介绍了随着科技的发展，全世界各国人民的生活方式也发生了巨大的变化，收音机，电视，电脑，传真等使世界不同地区的人们距离更近。
36．考查副词。整句话语法完整，且空后面是动词，故用副词来修饰。结合句意，科技的发展极大地改变了全世界人们的生活方式。故用greatly
37．考查形容词的比较级。结合文意，收音机，电视，电脑，传真和卫星使不同的国家和人民彼此更接近。故填closer
38．考查现在分词做后置定语。结合句意，我们几乎可以看见千里之外正在发生的一切。故填happening
39．考查介词。结合句意，我们还能足不出户和其他地方的人聊天。without leaving home意思是足不出户。故填without
40．考查形容词性物主代词。结合句意，我们一周买一次日用品。前面主语是we，因此要用our，我们的；故填our
41．考查定语从句。先行词是the child ，故用关系代词who引导。故填who
42．考查名词。结合句意，农民们将新科技应用于农业活动。故填Farmers
43．考查名词。前面是their，故应填一个名词。结合句意，农民使用新科技既用于农业活动，又为了他们舒适。故填comfort
44．考查固定短语。such as比如，例如；故填as
45．考查固定短语。结合句意，石油技术的需要使那些为了谋生的不同地区的人到了海湾国家。make a living谋生。故填make