专题05 话题1-学习能力（知识梳理+专题过关）-2022-2023学年九年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版） (2)

专题05   话题1-学习能力

【知识梳理】

本单元的话题围绕学习英语的方法展开，中间涉及学习中遇到的具体困难，也描述了一个学生学习英语的亲身经历，谈论如何成为一名好的学习者。有关“学习能力”的话题写作主要包括介绍学习方法（如：语言学习）和拓宽学习渠道（如：食谱和DIY制作等）两方面，引导学生主动学习.培养良好的学习习惯，全面提升学生的综合素质。一般以说明又或应用文的形式展现。

课文回顾：

1.—How do you study for a test?  你是怎样准备考试的?

—I study by working with a group. 我通过和小组成员合作学习。

【句型剖析】how引导特殊疑问句，常用来提问by引导的方式状语。

（1）by表示“通过……方法、手段”等。“by+doing”  意为“通过……(方法、途径)做某事” 表示通过某种方式、方法或手段去做某事，此时by短语用作状语。

（2）by+地点名词。表示场所、方位，意为：“在…旁边”。如：

by the lake/river/tree/window/door等

She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path她搜索了山顶，然后停下来在路边的一块大石头上休息。

（3）by+时间名词。意为：“到…时（已发生某事），此时谓语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于…，在…之前”。如：

by now/then/this time/next Friday/the end of/three o`clock等。

By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed.到去年年底，又有一座新体育馆峻工了。

（4）by+名词。可用来表方法、方式、手段等。

1、by+the+可数的时间、长度、重量等名词。意为：“按…计算，按…买(卖)”。如：

by the pound/ton/yard/meter/dozen/bale/day/month等。

Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.城市里的女清洁工通常按小时获得报酬。

2、by+表示时间、长度、重量等总称的不可数名词（名词前不加冠词）。意为：“按…计算，按…买(卖)”。如：

by time/volume/length/weight/height/depth/width/area等。

As we all know,the freight of the luggage is charged by weight.众所周知，行李的运费是按重量计算的。

3、by+交通工具、交通方式名词（名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。意为：“通过…，由…，乘…”。如：

by train/rail/tube/taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane;by land/road/sea/water/air等。（on foot)

It takes a long time to go there by train;it`s quicker by road.(或by bus)乘火车去那儿要花很长时间，公路比较快。

4、by+抽象名词或具有抽象意义的普通名词（名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。意为：“靠…，通过…，由…所致”。如：

by  skill/determination/practice/diligence/inference/chance/accident;

by  mail/letter/radio/fax/telephone/telegraph/hand/machine等。

Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time,he found it by logic,not by luck.
虽然他曾大部分时间一直在错误的地方寻找，但他还是靠逻辑推理而非运气，找到了它。

5、by+ 地点或工具等具体名词。表路线、途径，意为：“通过（某物、某地），取道…”。如：

by a stone bridge/the back door/the freeway/country roads等。

The man entered the room by the back door.那人通过后门进入了房间。

2. It's too hard to understand spoken English.

【句型剖析】“too + 形容词/副词 + to + 动词原形”结构，意为“太……而不能……”，该句型用于肯定句，但表示否定的意义。

3.Annie, I'm a little nervous.

【句型剖析】a little 可直接修饰不可数名词。 a bit 修饰名词时其后须加of，即a bit of，后接不可数名词。

4.That doesn't sound too bad.

【句型剖析】 sound用作连系动词，“听起来”，其后常跟形容词。

英语中常用的连系动词：

一是（be），一感（feel），三保持（keep\remain\stay），

二： ……起来：有四个连系动词（sound, look, smell, taste），

三： 好像（seem），变了：有三个连系动词（ get, turn, become）。

四：prove come true go hungry

5.The more you read, the faster you'll be.

【句型剖析】“the +比较级，the +比较级”意为“越……就越……”。

例如：The more you smile, the happier you will feel.你微笑越多，你越感觉幸福。

6.Why did Wei Fan find it difficult to learn English?

【句型剖析】 “find + it +adj. +to do sth.”“发现做某事…”

7.I was afraid to ask questions because my pronunciation was very bad.

【句型剖析】 be afraid to do sth. 意为“害怕做某事”I am afraid to travel by plane. 我怕乘飞机旅行。

【拓展】be afraid  of sb/ sth. “害怕某人/某物”。Are you afraid of snake?  你怕蛇吗？

I am afraid that 从句. “担心…”。

I'm afraid意为“恐怕”，主要用于礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事。

例如：I'm afraid I can't stay.恐怕我不能留下。

8.What is the secret to language learning?

【句型剖析】the secret to … “…的秘诀” 其中to 为介词, 表示所属，意为“…的….”。例如：That  is  the secret to learning English well  .她的年龄对我们大家来说是个秘密。

【拓展】in secret  偷偷地, 暗地里  He has left the country in secret. 他已秘密出国。

keep sth. a secret from = keep a / the secret from   对…保守秘密

例如：I can keep nothing a secret from you.  我对你没有保密的事。

9.It takes time. 这得花时间。

【句型剖析】 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意思是“花了某人多长时间去做某事”。在这里，it是形式主语，指代后面的动词不定式，动词不定式才是真正的主语。

10.Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie!

【句型剖析】called Toy Story. called为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词movie.

短语：fall in love with “爱上某人/某物”。同义于“be in love with, 意为 “与…相爱”，表状态。

11.I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.

【句型剖析】 so that引导的是目的状语从句，意思是“为了，目的是”。

Tom gets up early so that he can catch the first bus every day. 汤姆每天早起是为了能赶上第一班公共汽车

而so … that…. “如此……以至于”

The movie is so touching that I cried after watching it. 这部电影如此感人以至于我看后哭了。

The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time. 老师讲得如此快以至于大部分时间我都听不懂她讲什么。

so……that……引导结果状语从句，意思是“如此……以至于……”,其中so是副词，与形容词或副词连用，即“so+形容词或副词+that从句”。

12.Studies show that if you are interested in something,your brain is more active……研究表明，如果你对某种东西感兴趣，你的大脑会更加活跃……

【句型剖析】  be/get/become interested in sth. 意思是“对……感兴趣”,它与take/have/show an interest in sth. 同义。

13.My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies.

【句型剖析】 as well   也；又（通常放句尾）

I sing my own songs and I play the guitar as well 我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。

【辨析】also, too,as well, either 这些词均含“也”之意。

also比too正式一些，语气较重，只用于肯定句，一般紧靠动词。

too语气较轻，多用于口语，在肯定句中使用，通常位于句末。 之前加逗号。

as well一般不用否定句，通常放在句末，强调时可放在句中。

either用于否定句，放在句末，之前加逗号。

14.I discovered that listening to something you are interested in is the secret to language learning.

【句型剖析】discover是指“发现”原来就有而一直没被发现的东西(如电、煤、石油等矿藏及新星、星系或科学真理等) 而 invent 指通过劳动运用聪明才智“发明；创造”出以前从未存在过的新事物。

15.Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.

【句型剖析】be born 意为“天生，出生”为被动语态，be 动词通常用was 或were，born 为bear 的过去式。

 I was born in a small village. 我出生在一个小山村。

ability 在此处为不可数名词，意为“能力”常构成短语 have the ability to do sth. ( 有能力做某事)， 而不用“have the ability of doing sth”结构。

Man has the ability to speak. 人类有说话的能力。

whether or not 意为“是否”, whether引导主语从句，不能与if 替换。

whether she will come or not is still a problem. 她是否会来还是个问题。

depend on 意为“ 视……而定，取决于；依靠；依赖 ”。后接名词，代词或动名词。既不能用于进行时态也不能用于被动语态。

We depend on the newspaper for daily news.

我们得靠报纸得知每天的消息。

16.Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.

【句型剖析】active adj, “活跃的，积极的”，可作表语或定语。  

常用短语：take an active part in，意为“积极参加”

17. Although he is over 80, he is still very active.他虽然年过八十，但是仍很活跃。

【句型剖析】pay attention to 意为“注意，关注”，其中to 为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。You’d better pay attention to this word in the English exam last time.

你最好注意一下上次英语考试中的这个单词。

18.Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something they are interested in.

【句型剖析】connect…with…意为“ 把……和……联系起来” 其中connect意为“（使）连接；与……有联系”，其名词形式为connection，意为“连接；关系”。

 Please don’t connect this person with that person. 请不要把这个人和那个人联系在一起。

need 在此处为及物动词，意为“需要” 其后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式。need作实义动词时，既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定和疑问句时要借助助动词do/ does/ did。

  I need a lot of money now. 我现在很需要钱。

19.Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more.

【句型剖析】Think about 意为“考虑”其后接名词、代词、动词-ing 形式或宾语从句。

They are thinking about a serious problem.他们正在考虑一个严肃的问题。

Be good at “擅长”同义于 do well in “在某方面做得好”

 He is good at English.= he does well in English.

20. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.

【句型剖析】 Even if 意为“即使，尽管”，用于让步状语从句，有退一步设想的意味，同义于“even though”。

 I’ll help you, even if I must stay up the whole night. 即使熬夜一整晚我也要帮助你。

 forget 后直接跟名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing 形式，但两者意义完全不同。

forget to do sth. 和 forget doing sth.    forget to do sth.     忘记去做某事

forget doing sth.    忘记做过某事  I forget turning off the light. 我忘记已经关灯了。

 unless conj. 除非；如果不   ，作连词，用来引导状语从句，常可以转化为“if...not...”的同义句。 若主句为一般将来时，unless引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。

21.Knowledge comes from questioning.

【句型剖析】 question在句子中作动词，是“质疑；质问；提问”的意思。例如：

 I just accepted what he told me. I never thought to question it.

当question用作动词，表示对某人或事物进行提问时，是一种十分正式的用法，有“提问；询问；审问”的意思。

 The police questioned him for three hours before letting him go.

【专题过关】

根据对话情景选择恰当的选项补全对话。

A: Hello, Rose. Can you tell me how you learn English well?

B: Sure. The best way is to practice. You know, practice makes perfect.

A: ____1____

B: I practice oral English every morning. I also take every chance to practice oral English in and after class.

A: ____2____

B: Yes, I do. Keeping a diary in English helps me a lot with my writing.

A: ____3____

B: I listen to English programs to improve my listening ability in my spare time.

A: How do you improve your reading ability?

B: ____4____

A: What do you want to be in the future?

B: In the future, I want to be a college English teacher.

A: ____5____

B: Thank you.

A．Do you keep a diary in English?

B．How do you improve your listening ability?

C．I enjoy reading newspapers in English.

D．When do you practice oral English?

E．I hope your dream will come true.

People often ask me for suggestions about how to learn English. As for it, everyone is ____6____. I’ll share some of my experience.

One thing I can tell you is that, once you’ve started learning, you should try to form a ____7____ of thinking in English. If you see something when you’re riding your bike or walking down the street, just think about “____8____ would I say them in English?” At first, it might be with simple words or phrases, but later you should ____9____ longer phrases and sentences. Now I’m in America, and for most of ____10____ time, I would think in English and speak it directly. It’s amazing how much this ____11____.

For several years after I started learning, I was often afraid of talking with others in English ____12____ I didn’t want to make mistakes. Finally I got it over. And while traveling in America, I’d try to hang out with friends who couldn’t speak English, so that I’d have no choice ____13____ to speak English. And I also decided that if I said something stupid and other people laughed at me, then so be it (就那样吧). After that, my English started improving much more ____14____.

Besides, it may be a good idea to ask ____15____ American friends to look at the way you’re writing, and give you some suggestions for improvement.

6．A．interesting B．difficult C．different D．similar

7．A．method B．thought C．rule D．habit

8．A．How B．When C．Why D．What

9．A．think about B．talk about C．think over D．talk with

10．A．/ B．a C．an D．the

11．A．does B．goes C．helps D．enjoys

12．A．though B．if C．because D．to

13．A．and B．but C．or D．so

14．A．slowly B．quickly C．wisely D．happily

15．A．your B．my C．our D．their

根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。

When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence word for word into your own language. Take the sentence “How do you do?” for example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, one at a time, what will be your translation? It must be a wrong sentence in your own language.

Languages don’t just have difference in sounds, they are different in many ways. It’s also important to master the rules for word order in the study of English. If the speakers put words in a wrong order, the listener will not understand the speaker’s sentence easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. However, sometimes the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change. Let’s see the difference between the two pairs of sentences. “She only likes apples.” “Only she likes apples!” “I have seen the film already.” “I have already seen the film.”

When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit of the language and use it as the English speaker does.

16．We should put every word into our own language when we are learning English.

17．The writer thinks it is important to master the rules for word order in learning English.

18．Sometimes different order of words has a different meaning.

19．“She only likes apples.” is different from “Only she likes apples.”

20．How to Learn English is the best title for this passage.

Listening

Practicing listening is a good way to improve your listening skills. When you listen to something in English, try to note down key information. You can also write down key words and expressions. While listening, you may not understand much at first. Keep on listening and you will understand more.

Speaking

It’s the most important to believe yourself when you speak English. Don’t speak so fast that the others can not understand you. If you forget a word, try to use “um” or “er” as the English people do all the time. Remember to be polite-use “please” and “thank you” if you ask someone for help.

Reading

When you read, the most important thing to do is to understand the main ideas. Use the title and the picture to help you understand the main idea of a passage. When you read a passage, try to find who, what, when, where, why and how. This will help you understand the passage better.

Writing

When you write a composition, remember three things. Use something you have read as a model in your composition. Use expressions and sentences from the model and change the details. This will help you with the content (内容), the grammar and the vocabulary you include in your composition. Use words like “and”, “or” and “but” to join sentences.

21．When you listen to something in English, you _________.

A．need to practice writing skills B．have to write down new words

C．must understand new expressions D．should try to write down key information

22．What is the most important for you to improve your speaking skills?

A．To speak at a natural speed. B．To use “um” or “er” if you forget a word.

C．To be polite when you ask others for help. D．To believe yourself when you speak English.

23．In Paragraph (段落) 3, the word “This” refers to (指) “_________”.

A．reading the title B．looking at the picture

C．understanding the main idea D．finding who, what, when, where, why and how

24．The following things are mentioned in the last paragraph EXCEPT _________.

A．writing about what you know best

B．joining sentences with “and”, “or” and “but”

C．using something you have read as a model

D．using some expressions and sentences from the model

Good morning, everyone! Welcome to our program Beautiful Life. Last week, some friends asked me how to change their lives by taking small steps. Here are my suggestions.

●Exercise

Want to feel better and have less stress in your life? Just exercise. It not only provides you with a healthy body, but is also good for your brain.

●Be grateful

Never forget the good things you have. You have food in your stomach, a warm bed to sleep in, clean water, family, friends and so on. Be grateful for what you have had. It makes you feel lucky and then makes you lucky.

●Connect with people

Start with the closest people around you. Spend time listening to and communicating with them. Share your knowledge and your time with someone else. Say “hello” to strangers. This will make you more open and relaxed.

●Read more

I think the successful people in this world love reading. Mark Cuban, an American businessman, used to read every book he could get his hands on. Even after he became very rich, he still read at least three hours every day.

●Live in the present

What has happened. What will happen. Shape your past and future by living your present to the fullest.

根据课文内容填空。

As a student, you must want to become a successful ____30____. How can we learn well? How can we become better and ____31____? Maybe you can try the following ways.

Everyone is ____32____ with the ____33____ to learn. But if you want to learn something well, you should have good learning ____34____.

____35____ an interest in what you learn

If you are interested in something, your ____36____ is more active and it is also easier for you to pay ____37____ to it for a long time. Good learners often ____38____ what they need to learn with something interesting. For example, if you want to learn English well and you love music, you can listen to English songs. This way you won’t get _____39_____.

Practicing and learning _____40_____ mistakes

Practice makes _____41_____. Even if you learn something well, you need to _____42_____ practicing. At the same time, don’t be _____43_____ of making mistakes. You can’t succeed _____44_____.

Developing your study skills and asking questions

Take _____45_____ by writing down key words and _____46_____ mind maps. Asking questions is another way to _____47_____ what you have learned.

Learning is a _____48_____ journey. I hope you can learn _____49_____ and learn well.

50．假设你是李华，你在英语口语方面很优秀，老师让你向同学们介绍你练习英语口语的方法，请根据下面的提示内容写一篇发言稿。

提示内容：

1. 看英语电影，并尝试跟读；

2. 经常参加英语角等活动；

3. 结交外国朋友并经常打电话聊天。

要求：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 需包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；

3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear classmates,

I’m honored to share my learning experience with you. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________